<script data-pm-proxy="intercept"></script><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" version="2.0" xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:googleplay="http://www.google.com/schemas/play-podcasts/1.0"><channel><title><![CDATA[Acid Communist Aachen]]></title><description><![CDATA[Thoughts of a socialist Daoist — What if you're trying too hard?]]></description><link>https://acidcommunistac.substack.com</link><image><url>https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4VXs!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa8aab751-8a7f-4643-b570-6c8e09dc265c_300x300.png</url><title>Acid Communist Aachen</title><link>https://acidcommunistac.substack.com</link></image><generator>Substack</generator><lastBuildDate>Sat, 05 Sep 2026 09:26:43 GMT</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><copyright><![CDATA[Acid Communist Aachen]]></copyright><language><![CDATA[en]]></language><webMaster><![CDATA[acidcommunistac@substack.com]]></webMaster><itunes:owner><itunes:email><![CDATA[acidcommunistac@substack.com]]></itunes:email><itunes:name><![CDATA[Acid Communist Aachen]]></itunes:name></itunes:owner><itunes:author><![CDATA[Acid Communist Aachen]]></itunes:author><googleplay:owner><![CDATA[acidcommunistac@substack.com]]></googleplay:owner><googleplay:email><![CDATA[acidcommunistac@substack.com]]></googleplay:email><googleplay:author><![CDATA[Acid Communist Aachen]]></googleplay:author><itunes:block><![CDATA[Yes]]></itunes:block><item><title><![CDATA[Critiquing Capitalism for Dummies]]></title><description><![CDATA[Exploitation and Structural Compulsions]]></description><link>https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/critiquing-capitalism-for-dummies</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/critiquing-capitalism-for-dummies</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Acid Communist Aachen]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 29 Aug 2026 08:02:44 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b4b2bc59-d5b6-4253-a66f-d26563d5f278_1321x694.webp" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Capitalism creates two fundamental problems:</p><ol><li><p><strong>Exploitation</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>The structural compulsion of the market</strong></p></li></ol><div><hr></div><h2>Part 1: Exploitation</h2><h3>The Island Example and the Concept of Exploitation</h3><p>Imagine you are stranded on a desert island with another person. On this island, there is only one source of drinking water. The other person was quicker and has declared this source their private property. Now they offer you water&#8212;but only in exchange for your labor: for example, you are to catch a fish for them so that you can receive some water in return. Only afterward can you fish for yourself so you don&#8217;t starve.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CVGi!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6ece127-6fcc-45c5-8379-f20c6a0f1bcf_1503x573.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CVGi!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6ece127-6fcc-45c5-8379-f20c6a0f1bcf_1503x573.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CVGi!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6ece127-6fcc-45c5-8379-f20c6a0f1bcf_1503x573.webp 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CVGi!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6ece127-6fcc-45c5-8379-f20c6a0f1bcf_1503x573.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CVGi!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6ece127-6fcc-45c5-8379-f20c6a0f1bcf_1503x573.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CVGi!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6ece127-6fcc-45c5-8379-f20c6a0f1bcf_1503x573.webp" width="1456" height="555" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b6ece127-6fcc-45c5-8379-f20c6a0f1bcf_1503x573.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:555,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:48166,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/webp&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/i/213250451?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6ece127-6fcc-45c5-8379-f20c6a0f1bcf_1503x573.webp&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CVGi!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6ece127-6fcc-45c5-8379-f20c6a0f1bcf_1503x573.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CVGi!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6ece127-6fcc-45c5-8379-f20c6a0f1bcf_1503x573.webp 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CVGi!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6ece127-6fcc-45c5-8379-f20c6a0f1bcf_1503x573.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CVGi!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6ece127-6fcc-45c5-8379-f20c6a0f1bcf_1503x573.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This exchange constitutes a classic case of <strong>capitalist exploitation</strong>.</p><p>Exploitation simply means: <strong>Someone uses a position of power to appropriate more work from others than they themselves perform for others</strong>. In the case of <strong>capitalist</strong> exploitation, this position of power is based on <strong>productive property</strong>. In our island example, the owner of the water source performs no labor at all but appropriates your labor.</p><blockquote><p><strong>Distinction</strong>: Children generally consume far more work from their parents than they give back. Since this happens voluntarily out of care and is not based on a power position through property, it is not capitalist exploitation.</p></blockquote><h3>Productive Property as Leverage</h3><p>By productivity, we mean the ratio of benefit to effort:</p><div class="latex-rendered" data-attrs="{&quot;persistentExpression&quot;:&quot;\\text{Productivity} = \\frac{\\text{Benefit}}{\\text{Effort}}&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;GCNLOOOALL&quot;}" data-component-name="LatexBlockToDOM"></div><p>The more productive an asset (a tool, a machine, or a natural resource), the more benefit can be achieved with the same effort.</p><ul><li><p>A drinking water source is extremely productive: It provides the benefit &#8220;water&#8221; for virtually zero labor effort.</p></li><li><p>Whoever owns this productive asset holds a position of power. The owner can demand at most as much work from you as it would cost you to obtain your water by other means (e.g., by laboriously distilling seawater). Exploitation is therefore limited by this <strong>productivity difference</strong> between the two parties.</p></li></ul><h3>A More Realistic Example: Building a Closet</h3><p>You are a carpenter and want to build a closet for your own apartment.</p><ul><li><p>With your simple tools at home, this costs you <strong>10 units of effort</strong> (time and energy).</p></li><li><p>There is a state-of-the-art workshop in private ownership. There, you could build the same closet in only <strong>5 units of effort</strong>.</p></li><li><p>The owner demands rent for using their workshop equivalent to <strong>4 units of your effort</strong> (as money or direct labor).</p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8Sp!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a09b812-a504-4808-a05a-5b6b6d8dbe3d_1930x927.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8Sp!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, 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/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8Sp!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a09b812-a504-4808-a05a-5b6b6d8dbe3d_1930x927.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8Sp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a09b812-a504-4808-a05a-5b6b6d8dbe3d_1930x927.webp" width="1456" height="699" 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a09b812-a504-4808-a05a-5b6b6d8dbe3d_1930x927.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8Sp!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a09b812-a504-4808-a05a-5b6b6d8dbe3d_1930x927.webp 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8Sp!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a09b812-a504-4808-a05a-5b6b6d8dbe3d_1930x927.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8Sp!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a09b812-a504-4808-a05a-5b6b6d8dbe3d_1930x927.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>For you, this offer is individually rational: You invest 5 units for the closet and 4 units in rent = <strong>9 units of total effort</strong>. Compared to your own workshop (10 units), you still save 1 unit.</p><p>Nevertheless, exploitation occurs: The owner pockets 4 units of your labor purely through their ownership of the more productive asset, without having to work for it themselves.</p><p>Because you use and wear down the machines&#8212;thus partly &#8220;consuming&#8221; them&#8212;strictly speaking, you also appropriate a small amount of others&#8217; labor which we have neglected here. The rent can in principle exceed the extent of this labor, as was also the case in the water source example. There, the wear and tear caused by you truly amounted to a labor effort of 0, because unlike the workshop, no labor was invested in the water source to begin with.</p><h3>Via Gig Work to Classical Wage Labor</h3><p>If you build the closet not for yourself but for a customer, the principle remains the same:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Gig work (platform economy like DoorDash or Uber):</strong> You are formally self-employed, serve customers, but must rent an owner&#8217;s productive asset. This owner skims off part of your earnings.</p></li><li><p><strong>Wage labor:</strong> If the owner is in charge of customer contact and pays you a wage, we have arrived at classical wage labor. As a propertyless person, you could try to produce goods without capitalists but the labor effort with your inferior means would be so great that wage labor remains the more rational option despite exploitation.</p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hRDV!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1f173e28-b5bc-4a38-9573-b443ef91ee92_1837x879.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hRDV!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1f173e28-b5bc-4a38-9573-b443ef91ee92_1837x879.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hRDV!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1f173e28-b5bc-4a38-9573-b443ef91ee92_1837x879.webp 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hRDV!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1f173e28-b5bc-4a38-9573-b443ef91ee92_1837x879.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hRDV!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1f173e28-b5bc-4a38-9573-b443ef91ee92_1837x879.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hRDV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1f173e28-b5bc-4a38-9573-b443ef91ee92_1837x879.webp" width="1456" height="697" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1f173e28-b5bc-4a38-9573-b443ef91ee92_1837x879.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:697,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:75400,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/webp&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/i/213250451?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1f173e28-b5bc-4a38-9573-b443ef91ee92_1837x879.webp&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hRDV!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1f173e28-b5bc-4a38-9573-b443ef91ee92_1837x879.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hRDV!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1f173e28-b5bc-4a38-9573-b443ef91ee92_1837x879.webp 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hRDV!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1f173e28-b5bc-4a38-9573-b443ef91ee92_1837x879.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hRDV!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1f173e28-b5bc-4a38-9573-b443ef91ee92_1837x879.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h3>The Sci-Fi Scenario: The Fully Automated Factory</h3><p>Let&#8217;s imagine a fully automated production chain&#8212;from material extraction to the finished product, including automated maintenance by robots.</p><p>This factory functions exactly like the drinking water source on the island: No human labor remains in the products, but because the factory is privately owned, we still have to work to earn money for these products. The trend of increasing automation is gradually moving us closer to this scenario in the real world.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zyw7!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa9441920-eab8-4d85-bf55-83cfd2b52715_1926x816.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zyw7!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa9441920-eab8-4d85-bf55-83cfd2b52715_1926x816.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zyw7!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa9441920-eab8-4d85-bf55-83cfd2b52715_1926x816.webp 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zyw7!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa9441920-eab8-4d85-bf55-83cfd2b52715_1926x816.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zyw7!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa9441920-eab8-4d85-bf55-83cfd2b52715_1926x816.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zyw7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa9441920-eab8-4d85-bf55-83cfd2b52715_1926x816.webp" width="1456" height="617" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a9441920-eab8-4d85-bf55-83cfd2b52715_1926x816.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:617,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:80844,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/webp&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/i/213250451?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa9441920-eab8-4d85-bf55-83cfd2b52715_1926x816.webp&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zyw7!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa9441920-eab8-4d85-bf55-83cfd2b52715_1926x816.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zyw7!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa9441920-eab8-4d85-bf55-83cfd2b52715_1926x816.webp 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zyw7!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa9441920-eab8-4d85-bf55-83cfd2b52715_1926x816.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zyw7!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa9441920-eab8-4d85-bf55-83cfd2b52715_1926x816.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h3>Money, Interest, and the Monopoly Principle</h3><p>You don&#8217;t even have to own a factory. Anyone with enough <strong>money</strong> can lend it to someone who uses it to buy productive assets. <strong>Interest</strong> is thus a direct consequence of existing exploitation opportunities: No one would lend capital without a promise of profit if they could instead acquire income-generating productive assets with it.</p><p>Capitalism therefore behaves like the game <strong>Monopoly</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>Once someone has an advantage, they tend to expand it.</p></li><li><p>Even if all people started with <strong>exactly the same conditions</strong> (equal capital, no power imbalances), minimal advantages would emerge through luck or skill.</p></li><li><p>The logic of exploitation ensures that from these small differences, the classic divide between owners and the propertyless quickly re-emerges.</p></li></ul><p>The solution for this Monopoly effect: It is not enough to give everyone <strong>the same amount of property.</strong> A permanently stable solution only arises when everyone <strong>shares the same property</strong>&#8212;that is, when productive assets are <strong>socialized</strong>. If they are owned jointly by everyone (e.g., the properties and houses in Monopoly), exploitative relationships through differences in productive property can no longer arise.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><h2>Part 2: The Structural Compulsion of the Market</h2><h3>The Orchestra Seating Example</h3><p>Imagine a show with level seating. The view is mediocre. One spectator thinks to themself: <em>&#8220;If I stand up, that&#8217;s a bit less comfortable, but the view is much better.&#8221;</em> They stand up. The person behind them can no longer see anything and must also stand up. In the end, the entire audience is standing.</p><p>The result: Everyone now expends more effort to see just as poorly as before.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3H4F!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a65edb4-2672-4c28-a3c8-959da0440517_1323x857.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3H4F!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a65edb4-2672-4c28-a3c8-959da0440517_1323x857.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3H4F!, 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a65edb4-2672-4c28-a3c8-959da0440517_1323x857.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3H4F!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a65edb4-2672-4c28-a3c8-959da0440517_1323x857.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This is a <strong>structural</strong> problem. It does not arise from power imbalances, but because each individual&#8217;s individually reasonable decision leads to a collective deterioration. This is also called the problem of <strong>externalized costs</strong>: A disadvantage (in this case: a worse view) is shifted onto others.</p><p>The solution here is: <strong>Coordination</strong> (e.g., the agreement: &#8220;Everyone stays seated&#8221;).</p><h3>Market Failures in Actually Existing Capitalism</h3><p>In uncoordinated competition, this compulsion leads to systematic misallocation of resources:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Planned obsolescence</strong>: Companies build weak points into products so they break faster. Those who build durable products make less revenue and are pushed out of the market. As a society, we thus waste massive amounts of labor time and raw materials.</p></li><li><p><strong>Advertising and social media</strong>: Enormous labor power flows not into <strong>fulfilling</strong> needs, but into creating them or <strong>generating</strong> dependencies (e.g., social media algorithms) in order to sell advertising space.</p></li></ul><p>Currently, the benefit of such practices flows to the owning class, while we, the propertyless, bear the costs. But even in a completely exploitation-free market economy (e.g., if the economy consisted only of exactly equal-sized cooperatives), this structural compulsion would remain: Every individual cooperative enterprise would still profit from such practices. The externalized costs would be distributed evenly among all, so that ultimately everyone is worse off.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!D413!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1fc113fc-5aba-4b8a-b96d-2bd258d68a15_1627x833.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!D413!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1fc113fc-5aba-4b8a-b96d-2bd258d68a15_1627x833.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!D413!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1fc113fc-5aba-4b8a-b96d-2bd258d68a15_1627x833.webp 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!D413!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1fc113fc-5aba-4b8a-b96d-2bd258d68a15_1627x833.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!D413!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1fc113fc-5aba-4b8a-b96d-2bd258d68a15_1627x833.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!D413!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1fc113fc-5aba-4b8a-b96d-2bd258d68a15_1627x833.webp" width="1456" height="745" 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1fc113fc-5aba-4b8a-b96d-2bd258d68a15_1627x833.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!D413!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1fc113fc-5aba-4b8a-b96d-2bd258d68a15_1627x833.webp 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!D413!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1fc113fc-5aba-4b8a-b96d-2bd258d68a15_1627x833.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!D413!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1fc113fc-5aba-4b8a-b96d-2bd258d68a15_1627x833.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h3>The Growth Imperative</h3><p>The most dangerous structural problem is the <strong>growth imperative</strong>. Through economies of scale and technical innovations, growing companies can reduce their unit costs.</p><p>If a business consciously decides against growth (e.g., because revenue is sufficient), a competing business can expand, lower prices, and poach customers from the peaceful business. Growth in the market is not a free choice but a <strong>condition for survival.</strong></p><div><hr></div><h2>Part 3: Solutions</h2><p>To overcome exploitation and the compulsion of the market, there are two main approaches (detailed models can be found at <strong><a href="https://www.democratic-planning.com/info/models/">democratic-planning.com</a></strong>):</p><h3>1. Coordinated Market Economy</h3><p>This approach retains markets in part but removes their harmful dynamics through <strong>democratic control of the credit system</strong>.</p><ul><li><p><strong>The problem under capitalism:</strong> Commercial banks create money (credit money) and extend loans primarily to profitable companies. This fuels the compulsion to exploit and externalize costs.</p></li><li><p><strong>The solution:</strong> Commercial banks are replaced by democratically controlled public banks (or an expanded central bank). These banks grant loans not based on profitability but on social and ecological criteria.</p></li><li><p><strong>How it works:</strong> A business that foregoes exploitation and produces sustainably receives targeted loans or subsidies. This allows it to lower its prices so much that it drives unecological or exploitative competitors out of the market &#8211; similar to how investors today finance start-ups to capture markets, but here for the good of all.</p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0dUT!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F91725485-f0f3-4e96-ae87-c69b3c374527_1617x737.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0dUT!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, 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/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0dUT!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F91725485-f0f3-4e96-ae87-c69b3c374527_1617x737.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0dUT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F91725485-f0f3-4e96-ae87-c69b3c374527_1617x737.webp" width="1456" height="664" 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F91725485-f0f3-4e96-ae87-c69b3c374527_1617x737.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0dUT!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F91725485-f0f3-4e96-ae87-c69b3c374527_1617x737.webp 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0dUT!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F91725485-f0f3-4e96-ae87-c69b3c374527_1617x737.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0dUT!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F91725485-f0f3-4e96-ae87-c69b3c374527_1617x737.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h3>2. Planned Economy</h3><p>The more radical approach abolishes the market and dissolves the link between <strong>individual well-being</strong> and the <strong>shipping of particular goods</strong>.</p><ul><li><p>In a planned economy, workplaces produce directly for needs and not for sales revenue on the market.</p></li><li><p><strong>Social security in transition</strong>: If social demand for a product falls (e.g., when phasing out coal mining), this harms those working there in a market economy. In a functioning planned economy, the workers&#8217; standard of living remains constant while they are transitioned to new, socially useful tasks. The incentive to produce something for sale (i.e., to &#8220;push&#8221; any particular product) is to be abolished in this way. The incentive to work at all can be maintained independently.</p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YIfy!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0882e19-df0e-4f9d-8439-be3f83b8b54c_1466x391.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YIfy!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0882e19-df0e-4f9d-8439-be3f83b8b54c_1466x391.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YIfy!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0882e19-df0e-4f9d-8439-be3f83b8b54c_1466x391.webp 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YIfy!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0882e19-df0e-4f9d-8439-be3f83b8b54c_1466x391.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YIfy!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0882e19-df0e-4f9d-8439-be3f83b8b54c_1466x391.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YIfy!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0882e19-df0e-4f9d-8439-be3f83b8b54c_1466x391.webp 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YIfy!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0882e19-df0e-4f9d-8439-be3f83b8b54c_1466x391.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YIfy!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0882e19-df0e-4f9d-8439-be3f83b8b54c_1466x391.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h2>Further Reading</h2><ul><li><p>Erik Olin Wright&#8217;s course <em><a href="https://www.sscc.wisc.edu/soc/faculty/pages/wright/sociology621-2017.htm">Sociological Marxism</a></em></p><ul><li><p>In particular, the appendix of the <a href="https://www.sscc.wisc.edu/soc/faculty/pages/wright/621-2017/lecture%2006%20%202017%20-%20exploitation.pdf">lecture notes to lecture 6 </a><em><a href="https://www.sscc.wisc.edu/soc/faculty/pages/wright/621-2017/lecture%2006%20%202017%20-%20exploitation.pdf">Exploitation</a></em></p></li></ul></li></ul><h5>Further Reading for dissenting Marxists</h5><ul><li><p>My essay <em><a href="/__u/open.substack.com/pub/acidcommunistac/p/value-and-wage-labor-in-marxism-a">Value and Wage Labor in Marxism: A Critique</a></em></p></li><li><p>Ben Burgis&#8217;s essay <em><a href="/__u/open.substack.com/pub/benburgis/p/bibles-for-brandy-and-profits-for">Bibles for Brandy and Profits for Free</a></em> concluding</p></li></ul><blockquote><p>that the right answer to the question of how much of Marx&#8217;s central argument in <em>Capital</em> would survive simply giving up on the premise that average prices &#8220;ultimately&#8221; reflect labor-time values is &#8220;almost all of it.&#8221;</p></blockquote>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Kapitalismuskritik für Dummies]]></title><description><![CDATA[Ausbeutung & strukturelle Zw&#228;nge]]></description><link>https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/kapitalismuskritik-fur-dummies</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/kapitalismuskritik-fur-dummies</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Acid Communist Aachen]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 26 Aug 2026 12:05:41 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/2a0fd5ea-0ab3-4b46-b143-22563c986257_1321x694.webp" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Der Kapitalismus bereitet zwei grundlegende Probleme:</p><ol><li><p><strong>Die Ausbeutung</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Der strukturelle Zwang des Marktes</strong></p></li></ol><div><hr></div><h2>Teil 1: Die Ausbeutung</h2><h3>Das Insel-Beispiel und der Begriff der Ausbeutung</h3><p>Stell dir vor, du bist mit einer anderen Person auf einer einsamen Insel gestrandet. Auf dieser Insel gibt es nur eine einzige Trinkwasserquelle. Die andere Person war schneller und hat diese Quelle kurzerhand zu ihrem Privateigentum erkl&#228;rt. Nun bietet sie dir Wasser an &#8211; aber nur im Tausch gegen deine Arbeit: Du sollst zum Beispiel einen Fisch f&#252;r sie fangen, damit du daf&#252;r etwas Wasser bekommst. Erst im Anschluss kannst du f&#252;r dich selbst angeln, um nicht zu verhungern.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!arj1!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff0f75701-5f83-4d0a-8b31-50e84d8b68e1_1448x554.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!arj1!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff0f75701-5f83-4d0a-8b31-50e84d8b68e1_1448x554.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!arj1!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff0f75701-5f83-4d0a-8b31-50e84d8b68e1_1448x554.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!arj1!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff0f75701-5f83-4d0a-8b31-50e84d8b68e1_1448x554.webp" width="1448" height="554" 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff0f75701-5f83-4d0a-8b31-50e84d8b68e1_1448x554.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!arj1!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff0f75701-5f83-4d0a-8b31-50e84d8b68e1_1448x554.webp 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!arj1!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff0f75701-5f83-4d0a-8b31-50e84d8b68e1_1448x554.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!arj1!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff0f75701-5f83-4d0a-8b31-50e84d8b68e1_1448x554.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Dieser Tausch stellt einen klassischen Fall <strong>kapitalistischer Ausbeutung</strong> dar.</p><p>Ausbeutung bedeutet schlicht: <strong>Man eignet sich aufgrund einer Machtposition mehr Arbeit von anderen an, als man selbst f&#252;r sie leistet.</strong> Bei <strong>kapitalistischer</strong> Ausbeutung beruht diese Machtpisition auf <strong>produktivem Eigentum.</strong> In unserem Insel-Beispiel verrichtet der Eigent&#252;mer der Quelle &#252;berhaupt keine Arbeit, eignet sich aber deine Arbeitskraft an.</p><blockquote><p><strong>Abgrenzung:</strong> Kinder konsumieren meist viel mehr Arbeit von ihren Eltern, als sie zur&#252;ckgeben. Da dies freiwillig aus F&#252;rsorge geschieht und nicht auf einer Machtposition durch Eigentum beruht, ist das keine kapitalistische Ausbeutung.</p></blockquote><h3>Produktives Eigentum als Hebel</h3><p>Unter Produktivit&#228;t verstehen wir das Verh&#228;ltnis von Nutzen zu Aufwand:</p><div class="latex-rendered" data-attrs="{&quot;persistentExpression&quot;:&quot;\\text{Produktivit&#228;t} = \\frac{\\text{Nutzen}}{\\text{Aufwand}}&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;WUFYOVOYWG&quot;}" data-component-name="LatexBlockToDOM"></div><p>Je produktiver ein Mittel (ein Werkzeug, eine Maschine oder eine Naturressource) ist, desto mehr Nutzen l&#228;sst sich mit demselben Aufwand erzielen.</p><ul><li><p>Eine Trinkwasserquelle ist extrem produktiv: Sie liefert den Nutzen &#8222;Wasser&#8220; f&#252;r quasi Null eigenen Arbeitsaufwand.</p></li><li><p>Wer dieses produktive Eigentum besitzt, hat eine Machtposition. Der Eigent&#252;mer kann von dir maximal so viel Arbeit verlangen, wie es dich kosten w&#252;rde, dein Wasser auf andere Weise zu beschaffen (z. B. durch m&#252;hsames Destillieren von Meerwasser). Die Ausbeutung ist also durch diesen <strong>Produktivit&#228;tsunterschied</strong> zwischen den beiden Parteien begrenzt.</p></li></ul><h3>Ein realistischeres Beispiel: Der Schrankbau</h3><p>Du bist Schreiner und m&#246;chtest f&#252;r deine eigene Wohnung einen Schrank bauen.</p><ul><li><p>Mit deinem einfachen Werkzeug zu Hause kostet dich das <strong>10 Einheiten an Aufwand</strong> (Zeit und Energie).</p></li><li><p>Es gibt eine hochmoderne Werkstatt in Privatbesitz. Dort k&#246;nntest du denselben Schrank in nur <strong>5 Einheiten an Aufwand</strong> herstellen.</p></li><li><p>Der Eigent&#252;mer verlangt f&#252;r die Nutzung seiner Werkstatt eine Miete, die <strong>4 Einheiten deines Aufwands</strong> entspricht (als Geld oder direkte Arbeit).</p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C0FG!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8dc8b2dd-6b6c-446b-b6ee-73b14977e73a_1919x898.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C0FG!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8dc8b2dd-6b6c-446b-b6ee-73b14977e73a_1919x898.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C0FG!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8dc8b2dd-6b6c-446b-b6ee-73b14977e73a_1919x898.webp 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C0FG!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8dc8b2dd-6b6c-446b-b6ee-73b14977e73a_1919x898.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C0FG!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8dc8b2dd-6b6c-446b-b6ee-73b14977e73a_1919x898.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C0FG!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8dc8b2dd-6b6c-446b-b6ee-73b14977e73a_1919x898.webp" width="1456" height="681" 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8dc8b2dd-6b6c-446b-b6ee-73b14977e73a_1919x898.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C0FG!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8dc8b2dd-6b6c-446b-b6ee-73b14977e73a_1919x898.webp 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C0FG!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8dc8b2dd-6b6c-446b-b6ee-73b14977e73a_1919x898.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!C0FG!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8dc8b2dd-6b6c-446b-b6ee-73b14977e73a_1919x898.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>F&#252;r dich ist dieses Angebot individuell rational: Du investierst 5 Einheiten f&#252;r den Schrank und 4 Einheiten Miete = <strong>9 Einheiten Gesamtaufwand</strong>. Du sparst gegen&#252;ber deiner eigenen Werkstatt (10 Einheiten) immer noch 1 Einheit.</p><p>Trotzdem findet Ausbeutung statt: Der Eigent&#252;mer kassiert 4 Einheiten deiner Arbeit rein &#252;ber sein Eigentum an den besseren Produktionsmitteln, ohne selbst daf&#252;r arbeiten zu m&#252;ssen.</p><p>Dadurch, dass du die Maschinen nutzt und verschlei&#223;t &#8211; also zum Teil &#8220;konsumierst&#8221; &#8211; eignest du dir genau genommen auch eine hier vernachl&#228;ssigte Menge fremder Arbeit an. Die Miete kann den Umfang dieser Arbeit grunds&#228;tzlich &#252;berschreiten, wie es auch beim Beispiel der Quelle der Fall war. Dort entsprach der durch dich verursachte Verschlei&#223; tats&#228;chlich einem Arbeitsaufwand von Null, weil in der Quelle im Gegensatz zur Werkstatt ohnehin keine Arbeit steckte.</p><h3>&#220;ber die Gig-Arbeit zur klassischen Lohnarbeit</h3><p>Wenn du den Schrank nicht f&#252;r dich selbst, sondern f&#252;r einen Kunden baust, bleibt das Prinzip gleich:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Gig-Arbeit (Plattform-&#214;konomie wie Lieferando oder Uber):</strong> Du bist formal selbstst&#228;ndig, bedienst Kunden, musst aber die Produktionsmittel eines Eigent&#252;mers mieten. Dieser sch&#246;pft einen Teil deines Ertrags ab.</p></li><li><p><strong>Lohnarbeit:</strong> &#220;bernimmt der Eigent&#252;mer den Kundenkontakt und zahlt dir einen Lohn, sind wir bei der klassischen Lohnarbeit. Als mittellose Person k&#246;nntest du zwar versuchen, ohne Kapitalisten Waren herzustellen &#8211; doch der Arbeitsaufwand mit deinen unterlegenen Mitteln w&#228;re so gro&#223;, dass die Lohnarbeit trotz der Ausbeutung die rationalere Option bleibt.</p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YT64!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a9f3a68-0c65-46e6-8d4a-8687a1a0d2bb_1820x805.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YT64!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a9f3a68-0c65-46e6-8d4a-8687a1a0d2bb_1820x805.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YT64!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a9f3a68-0c65-46e6-8d4a-8687a1a0d2bb_1820x805.webp 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YT64!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a9f3a68-0c65-46e6-8d4a-8687a1a0d2bb_1820x805.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YT64!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a9f3a68-0c65-46e6-8d4a-8687a1a0d2bb_1820x805.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YT64!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a9f3a68-0c65-46e6-8d4a-8687a1a0d2bb_1820x805.webp" width="1456" height="644" 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a9f3a68-0c65-46e6-8d4a-8687a1a0d2bb_1820x805.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YT64!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a9f3a68-0c65-46e6-8d4a-8687a1a0d2bb_1820x805.webp 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YT64!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a9f3a68-0c65-46e6-8d4a-8687a1a0d2bb_1820x805.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YT64!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a9f3a68-0c65-46e6-8d4a-8687a1a0d2bb_1820x805.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h3>Das Sci-Fi-Szenario: Die vollautomatisierte Fabrik</h3><p>Stellen wir uns eine vollautomatische Produktionskette vor &#8211; von der Rohstofff&#246;rderung bis zum Endprodukt, inklusive automatisierter Wartung durch Roboter.</p><p>Diese Fabrik funktioniert exakt wie die Trinkwasserquelle auf der Insel: Es steckt keine menschliche Arbeit mehr in den Produkten, aber da die Fabrik Privatleuten geh&#246;rt, m&#252;ssen wir weiterhin arbeiten, um Geld f&#252;r diese Produkte zu verdienen. Der Trend der zunehmenden Automatisierung f&#252;hrt uns in der realen Welt schrittweise an dieses Szenario heran.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!if7y!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ccf26d7-beb8-42c1-b6bf-dcd99b938b74_1914x796.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!if7y!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ccf26d7-beb8-42c1-b6bf-dcd99b938b74_1914x796.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!if7y!, 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ccf26d7-beb8-42c1-b6bf-dcd99b938b74_1914x796.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!if7y!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ccf26d7-beb8-42c1-b6bf-dcd99b938b74_1914x796.webp 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!if7y!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ccf26d7-beb8-42c1-b6bf-dcd99b938b74_1914x796.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!if7y!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3ccf26d7-beb8-42c1-b6bf-dcd99b938b74_1914x796.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h3>Geld, Zinsen und das Monopoly-Prinzip</h3><p>Man muss nicht einmal eine Fabrik besitzen. Wer ausreichend <strong>Geld</strong> hat, kann dieses an jemanden verleihen, der damit produktive Mittel kauft. <strong>Zinsen</strong> sind somit eine direkte Folge existierender Ausbeutungsm&#246;glichkeiten: Niemand w&#252;rde Kapital ohne Gewinnversprechen verleihen, wenn man damit stattdessen ertragreiches Produktionskapital erwerben k&#246;nnte.</p><p>Der Kapitalismus verh&#228;lt sich daher wie das Spiel <strong>Monopoly</strong>:</p><ol><li><p>Wer einmal einen Vorsprung hat, baut diesen tendenziell weiter aus.</p></li><li><p>Selbst wenn alle Menschen mit <strong>exakt denselben Startbedingungen</strong> anfangen w&#252;rden (gleiches Kapital, keine Machtgef&#228;lle), w&#252;rden durch Gl&#252;ck oder Geschick minimale Vorteile entstehen.</p></li><li><p>Die Logik der Ausbeutung sorgt daf&#252;r, dass sich aus diesen kleinen Differenzen schnell wieder die klassische Kluft zwischen Eigent&#252;mern und Mittellosen entwickelt.</p></li></ol><p>Die L&#246;sung f&#252;r diesen Monopoly-Effekt: Es reicht nicht, allen <strong>gleich viel</strong> Eigentum zu geben. Eine dauerhaft stabile L&#246;sung entsteht erst, wenn alle <strong>dasselbe Eigentum</strong> teilen &#8211; also bei einer <strong>Vergesellschaftung</strong> der Produktionsmittel. Wenn diese allen gemeinsam geh&#246;ren (z.B. die Grundst&#252;cke und H&#228;user bei Monopoly), k&#246;nnen keine Ausbeutungsverh&#228;ltnisse mehr durch unterschiedlich produktives Eigentum entstehen.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><h2>Teil 2: Der strukturelle Zwang des Marktes</h2><h3>Das Parkettpl&#228;tze-Beispiel</h3><p>Stell dir eine Auff&#252;hrung mit ebenen Sitzpl&#228;tzen vor. Die Sicht ist m&#228;&#223;ig. Ein Zuschauer denkt sich: <em>&#8222;Wenn ich aufstehe, ist das zwar ein bisschen unangenehmer, aber daf&#252;r sieht man deutlich besser.&#8220;</em> Er steht auf. Die Person hinter ihm sieht nichts mehr und muss ebenfalls aufstehen. Am Ende steht das gesamte Publikum.</p><p>Das Ergebnis: Alle wenden jetzt mehr Kraft auf um genauso schlecht zu sehen wie vorher.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3JTW!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8088ff74-10be-483a-89d2-230f604a210b_1333x886.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3JTW!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8088ff74-10be-483a-89d2-230f604a210b_1333x886.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3JTW!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8088ff74-10be-483a-89d2-230f604a210b_1333x886.webp 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3JTW!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8088ff74-10be-483a-89d2-230f604a210b_1333x886.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3JTW!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8088ff74-10be-483a-89d2-230f604a210b_1333x886.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3JTW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8088ff74-10be-483a-89d2-230f604a210b_1333x886.webp" width="1333" height="886" 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8088ff74-10be-483a-89d2-230f604a210b_1333x886.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3JTW!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8088ff74-10be-483a-89d2-230f604a210b_1333x886.webp 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3JTW!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8088ff74-10be-483a-89d2-230f604a210b_1333x886.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3JTW!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8088ff74-10be-483a-89d2-230f604a210b_1333x886.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Das ist ein <strong>strukturelles Problem</strong>. Es entsteht nicht durch Machtgef&#228;lle, sondern weil die individuell vern&#252;nftige Entscheidung jedes Einzelnen in eine kollektive Verschlechterung f&#252;hrt. Man nennt dies auch das Problem <strong>externalisierter Kosten</strong>: Ein Nachteil (hier das Schlechter-Sehen) wird auf andere abgew&#228;lzt.</p><p>Die L&#246;sung hierf&#252;r lautet: <strong>Koordination</strong> (z. B. die Absprache: &#8222;Alle bleiben sitzen&#8220;).</p><h3>Marktversagen im realen Kapitalismus</h3><p>Im unkoordinierten Wettbewerb f&#252;hrt dieser Zwang zu systematischer Fehlallokation von Ressourcen:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Geplante Obsoleszenz:</strong> Unternehmen bauen Schwachstellen in Produkte ein, damit diese schneller kaputtgehen. Wer langlebige Produkte baut, macht weniger Umsatz und wird vom Markt verdr&#228;ngt. Gesellschaftlich verschwenden wir dadurch massiv Arbeitszeit und Rohstoffe.</p></li><li><p><strong>Werbung und Social Media:</strong> Enorme Arbeitskraft flie&#223;t nicht in die <strong>Erf&#252;llung</strong> von Bed&#252;rfnissen, sondern in deren <strong>Erschaffung</strong> oder in die Erzeugung von Abh&#228;ngigkeiten (z. B. Social-Media-Algorithmen), um Werbefl&#228;chen zu verkaufen.</p></li></ul><p>Aktuell flie&#223;t der Vorteil solcher Praktiken der Eigent&#252;merklasse zu, w&#228;hrend wir Mittellose die Kosten tragen. Aber selbst in einer v&#246;llig ausbeutungsfreien Marktwirtschaft (z. B. wenn die Wirtschaft nur aus exakt gleich gro&#223;en Genossenschaften best&#252;nde) bliebe dieser strukturelle Zwang bestehen: Jeder Genossenschaftsbetrieb w&#252;rde einzeln betrachtet weiterhin von solchen Praktiken profitieren. Die externalisierten Kosten w&#252;rden sich gleichm&#228;&#223;ig auf alle verteilen, sodass schlie&#223;lich alle schlechter dran sind.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!24-Q!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fce6a20ca-ff9e-45fc-82b7-cb2617c986a2_1691x832.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!24-Q!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fce6a20ca-ff9e-45fc-82b7-cb2617c986a2_1691x832.webp 424w, 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fce6a20ca-ff9e-45fc-82b7-cb2617c986a2_1691x832.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!24-Q!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fce6a20ca-ff9e-45fc-82b7-cb2617c986a2_1691x832.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h3>Der Wachstumszwang</h3><p>Das gef&#228;hrlichste strukturelle Problem ist der <strong>Wachstumszwang</strong>. Durch Skaleneffekte und technische Neuerungen senken wachsende Unternehmen ihre St&#252;ckkosten.</p><p>Entscheidet sich ein Betrieb bewusst gegen Wachstum (z. B. weil der Umsatz eigentlich reicht), kann ein konkurrierender Betrieb expandieren, die Preise senken und dem friedlichen Betrieb die Kunden entziehen. Wachstum ist im Markt kein Wunsch, sondern eine <strong>&#220;berlebensbedingung</strong>.</p><div><hr></div><h2>Teil 3: L&#246;sungsans&#228;tze</h2><p>Um Ausbeutung und den Zwang des Marktes zu &#252;berwinden, gibt es zwei wesentliche Ans&#228;tze (ausf&#252;hrliche Modelle dazu finden sich auf <strong><a href="https://www.demokratische-planung.de/info/modelle/">demokratische-planung.de</a></strong>):</p><h3>1. Koordinierte Marktwirtschaft</h3><p>Dieser Ansatz beh&#228;lt M&#228;rkte in Teilen bei, entzieht ihnen aber die sch&#228;dliche Dynamik durch eine <strong>demokratische Steuerung des Kreditwesens</strong>.</p><ul><li><p><strong>Das Problem im Kapitalismus:</strong> Gesch&#228;ftsbanken sch&#246;pfen Geld (Giralgeld) und vergeben Kredite prim&#228;r an profitable Unternehmen. Das befeuerte den Zwang, auszubeuten und Kosten zu externalisieren.</p></li><li><p><strong>Die L&#246;sung:</strong> Gesch&#228;ftsbanken werden durch demokratisch kontrollierte, &#246;ffentliche Banken (oder eine erweiterte Zentralbank) ersetzt. Diese Banken vergeben Kredite <strong>nicht nach Profitabilit&#228;t</strong>, sondern nach gesellschaftlichen und &#246;kologischen Kriterien.</p></li><li><p><strong>Wirkungsweise:</strong> Ein Betrieb, der auf Ausbeutung verzichtet und nachhaltig produziert, erh&#228;lt gezielt Kredite oder Subventionen. Dadurch kann er seine Preise so weit senken, dass er un&#246;kologische oder ausbeuterische Konkurrenten vom Markt dr&#228;ngt &#8211; &#228;hnlich wie Investoren heute Start-ups finanzieren, um M&#228;rkte zu &#252;bernehmen, nur hier f&#252;r das Wohl aller.</p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N0aA!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1c4dbc8e-69be-46d9-85a8-07f87cd8aed0_1655x692.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N0aA!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1c4dbc8e-69be-46d9-85a8-07f87cd8aed0_1655x692.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N0aA!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1c4dbc8e-69be-46d9-85a8-07f87cd8aed0_1655x692.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" 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Planwirtschaft</h3><p>Der radikalere Ansatz schafft den Markt ab und l&#246;st die Verbindung zwischen <strong>individuellem Wohlergehen</strong> und dem <strong>Absatz von Waren</strong>.</p><ul><li><p>In einer Planwirtschaft produzieren Betriebe direkt f&#252;r den Bedarf und nicht f&#252;r den Verkaufserl&#246;s auf dem Markt.</p></li><li><p><strong>Soziale Absicherung im Wandel:</strong> F&#228;llt die gesellschaftliche Nachfrage nach einem Produkt weg (z. B. beim Ausstieg aus der Kohlef&#246;rderung), schadet in einer Marktwirtschaft den dort Besch&#228;ftigten. In einer funktionierenden Planwirtschaft bleibt der Lebensstandard der Besch&#228;ftigten konstant, w&#228;hrend sie in neue, gesellschaftlich n&#252;tzliche Aufgaben &#252;berf&#252;hrt werden. Der Anreiz daf&#252;r, etwas f&#252;r den Verkauf zu produzieren (d.h. zu &#8220;pushen&#8221;), soll so abgeschafft werden. Der Anreiz daf&#252;r, &#252;berhaupt zu arbeiten, kann davon unabh&#228;ngig beibehalten werden.</p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3eup!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F342f5b28-a0dd-417f-951c-33812b03ec7a_1015x224.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3eup!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F342f5b28-a0dd-417f-951c-33812b03ec7a_1015x224.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3eup!, 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F342f5b28-a0dd-417f-951c-33812b03ec7a_1015x224.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3eup!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F342f5b28-a0dd-417f-951c-33812b03ec7a_1015x224.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h2>Weiterf&#252;hrend</h2><ul><li><p>Erik Olin Wright&#8217;s Kurs <em><a href="https://www.sscc.wisc.edu/soc/faculty/pages/wright/sociology621-2017.htm">Sociological Marxism</a></em></p><ul><li><p>Insbesondere der Anhang des <a href="https://www.sscc.wisc.edu/soc/faculty/pages/wright/621-2017/lecture%2006%20%202017%20-%20exploitation.pdf">Skripts zu Vorlesung 6 </a><em><a href="https://www.sscc.wisc.edu/soc/faculty/pages/wright/621-2017/lecture%2006%20%202017%20-%20exploitation.pdf">Exploitation</a></em></p></li></ul></li></ul><h5>Weiterf&#252;hrend f&#252;r widersprechende Marxist:innen</h5><ul><li><p>Mein Beitrag <em><a href="/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/wert-und-lohnarbeit-im-marxismus">Wert &amp; Lohnarbeit im Marxismus: Eine solidarische Kritik der Kritik der Politischen &#214;konomie</a></em></p></li><li><p>Ben Burgis&#8217;s Beitrag <em><a href="/__u/open.substack.com/pub/benburgis/p/bibles-for-brandy-and-profits-for">Bibles for Brandy and Profits for Free</a></em>, der schlussfolgert</p></li></ul><blockquote><p>dass die richtige Antwort auf die Frage, wie viel von Marx&#8217; zentralem Argument im <em>Kapital</em> &#252;brig bliebe, wenn man einfach die Pr&#228;misse aufg&#228;be, dass die Durchschnittspreise &#8222;letzten Endes&#8220; die Arbeitswertgr&#246;&#223;en widerspiegeln, &#8222;nahezu alles&#8220; lautet.</p></blockquote>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Gegen die AfD?]]></title><description><![CDATA[F&#252;r einen dialektischen Antifaschismus]]></description><link>https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/gegen-die-afd</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/gegen-die-afd</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Acid Communist Aachen]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 15 Aug 2026 12:56:21 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!M-e2!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F652e5e9e-0fb3-4e5e-9a55-e7ea789c66a3_1000x525.webp" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Dieser Beitrag schlie&#223;t an meine vergangenen Beitr&#228;ge <em><a href="/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/deterministische-ethik">Deterministische Ethik</a></em> und <em><a href="/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/gegen-den-moralismus">Gegen den Moralismus</a></em> an. Moralismus &#8211; die moralische Verurteilung des politischen Gegners &#8211; ist nahezu immer ineffektiv bis kontraproduktiv. Umgekehrt ist aber nicht jede ineffektive Politik automatisch moralistisch. Man kann auch unmoralistisch und dennoch vollkommen ineffektiv handeln.</p><p>Der US-amerikanische &#8222;War on Terror&#8220; war zwar moralistisch aufgeladen, doch schon die blo&#223;e milit&#228;rische Intervention hat das Problem des Terrorismus verschlimmert. Selbst ohne jeden Moralismus war diese Praxis kontraproduktiv. Gleiches gilt oft f&#252;r die Prohibitionspolitik &#8211; sei es das Verbot von Drogen oder das Verbot von Schwangerschaftsabbr&#252;chen.</p><p>Der Fehler liegt darin, ein komplexes System frontal und undialektisch zu &#8222;bek&#228;mpfen&#8220;. Wer Probleme effektiv l&#246;sen will, muss die Ursachen angehen, statt Symptome zu unterdr&#252;cken. Eine wirksame Bek&#228;mpfung sieht im Einzelfall oft kooperativer und indirekter aus als stumpfe Repression.</p><h2>Die Sackgasse des Anti-AfD-Protests</h2><p>All dies trifft auf jede g&#228;ngige Strategie gegen den Rechtsruck zu. Gro&#223;demonstrationen &#8222;gegen Rechts&#8220; verfestigen das Narrativ des Etablierten-B&#252;ndnisses gegen den &#8222;einfachen B&#252;rger&#8220;. Die Anh&#228;nger der AfD freuen sich &#252;ber diesen Gegenwind, da er ihr Weltbild und ihre Opferrolle exakt best&#228;tigt. Die Forderung nach einem Verbot der AfD ist ebenso undialektisch. Sie ist reine Symptombek&#228;mpfung, die das Problem lediglich unter die Oberfl&#228;che verlagert. Sie verleiht allen Betroffenen M&#228;rtyrerstatus und macht das Konfliktpotenzial langfristig noch gr&#246;&#223;er.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!M-e2!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F652e5e9e-0fb3-4e5e-9a55-e7ea789c66a3_1000x525.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!M-e2!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F652e5e9e-0fb3-4e5e-9a55-e7ea789c66a3_1000x525.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!M-e2!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F652e5e9e-0fb3-4e5e-9a55-e7ea789c66a3_1000x525.webp 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!M-e2!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F652e5e9e-0fb3-4e5e-9a55-e7ea789c66a3_1000x525.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!M-e2!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F652e5e9e-0fb3-4e5e-9a55-e7ea789c66a3_1000x525.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!M-e2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F652e5e9e-0fb3-4e5e-9a55-e7ea789c66a3_1000x525.webp" width="1000" height="525" 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F652e5e9e-0fb3-4e5e-9a55-e7ea789c66a3_1000x525.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!M-e2!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F652e5e9e-0fb3-4e5e-9a55-e7ea789c66a3_1000x525.webp 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!M-e2!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F652e5e9e-0fb3-4e5e-9a55-e7ea789c66a3_1000x525.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!M-e2!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F652e5e9e-0fb3-4e5e-9a55-e7ea789c66a3_1000x525.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Um die AfD effektiv zu entwaffnen, darf man sie nicht mit den gewohnten moralischen und repressiven Reflexen &#8222;bek&#228;mpfen&#8220;. Es f&#252;hrt kein Weg daran vorbei, die W&#228;hlerschaft <strong>abzuholen</strong>. Zu diesem Zweck gibt es sowohl parlamentarische als auch au&#223;erparlamentarische Ans&#228;tze.</p><p>Wie ich es in meinem <a href="/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/pride-2014-ein-linkes-meisterwerk">Beitrag</a> zum Film n&#228;her ausgef&#252;hrt habe, illustriert <em>Pride</em>, wie Vorurteile am besten abgebaut werden: Nicht durch Moralismus oder sonstige Bek&#228;mpfung, sondern durch materielle Hilfe. Auf deutsche Verh&#228;ltnisse &#252;bertragen hei&#223;t das, die Entfremdung zwischen st&#228;dtischen, kosmopolitischen und der l&#228;ndlichen Bev&#246;lkerung praktisch zu &#252;berwinden &#8211; etwa durch B&#252;ndnisse mit genossenschaftlichen <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorfladen">Dorfl&#228;den</a> und lokalen Versorgungsinitiativen (z. B. &#252;ber den <em><a href="https://bvbdl.de/">Bundesverband der B&#252;rger- und Dorfl&#228;den</a></em>). Wenn st&#228;dtische Initiativen Mittel bereitstellen, um bedrohte l&#228;ndliche Infrastrukturen zu sichern, wird der Kulturkampf untergraben. Es entsteht Solidarit&#228;t nach der Motto: <em>Wir lassen uns nicht gegeneinander ausspielen.</em></p><p>Allerdings bleibt Parteipolitik f&#252;r viele Leute der zug&#228;nglichste Weg, sich politisch zu engagieren. Wer die AfD-W&#228;hlerschaft nicht aufgeben will, muss ihr ein tragf&#228;higes Angebot machen. Das <strong>B&#252;ndnis Sahra Wagenknecht (BSW)</strong> ist derzeit das aussichtsreichste Vehikel, um entt&#228;uschte Protestw&#228;hler materiell, sozial und politisch abzuholen. Es bricht mit der Selbstgerechtigkeit des Mainstreams und stellt materielle Interessen in den Mittelpunkt.</p><h2>Linke Migrationskritik</h2><p>Eine zeitgem&#228;&#223;e, materialistische Linke muss Migration prinzipiell nach denselben Kriterien analysieren k&#246;nnen wie den <em>Freihandel</em>. So wie die Antiglobalisierungsbewegung der 1990er- und 2000er-Jahre &#8211; etwa bei den <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteste_gegen_die_Welthandelsorganisation_in_Seattle_1999">Anti-WTO-Protesten in Seattle</a> &#8211; den Freihandel als neoliberale Expansion auf Kosten der Imperiumsperipherie attackierte, muss auch Migration im Kapitalismus als globales Marktgeschehen analysiert werden. Migration im Kapitalismus ist keine einfache Frage von <em>&#8220;Freiheit&#8221;</em>, sondern oft eine Form von <em>Marktversagen</em>.</p><p>Tendenziell migrieren diejenigen aus der Peripherie, die &#252;ber mehr Ressourcen oder Bildung verf&#252;gen. Migration steht faktisch nicht allen gleicherma&#223;en offen. Der <em>Markt</em> verfrachtet so Arbeitskraft und Expertise (<em><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talentabwanderung">Brain Drain</a></em>) aus der Peripherie in die Kernstaaten. Die <strong>langfristige</strong> Folge ist i.d.R. Wirtschaftswachstum im Kern auf Kosten der Peripherie, der diese Ressourcen f&#252;r den eigenen Aufbau entzogen werden. <strong>Kurzfristig</strong> kann Migration im Zielland den Druck auf Lohnniveau und Mietspiegel zulasten der Unterschicht erh&#246;hen.</p><p>Diese Argumentation ben&#246;tigt weder kulturalistische noch fremdenfeindliche noch moralistische Pr&#228;missen. Sie ist rein &#246;konomisch. Eine Begrenzung der Migration im Kapitalismus k&#246;nnte sich analog zum Freihandel durchaus sowohl utilitaristisch als auch im Rahmen eines hypothetischen globalen Volksentscheids als die w&#252;nschenswertere Option begr&#252;nden.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9gE4!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe7522ac7-9c5b-4a04-8c35-f41fe59ef439_1024x1017.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9gE4!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, 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class="image-caption">Kapital und Arbeit: Zwei Seiten einer Medaille</figcaption></figure></div><h2>Fazit</h2><p>Politik darf gesellschaftliche Widerspr&#252;che nicht durch Haltung, Proteste oder Verbote kaschieren. Die &#220;berwindung des Rechtspopulismus gelingt weder durch Moralismus noch durch staatliche oder zivile Repression, sondern durch materielle Alternativen: durch au&#223;erparlamentarische B&#252;ndnisarbeit vor Ort, strategische parlamentarische Angebote wie das BSW sowie eine enttabuisierte Debattenkultur.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Basisdemokratische Digitalisierung]]></title><description><![CDATA[Technopolitik Gestern und Heute]]></description><link>https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/basisdemokratische-digitalisierung</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/basisdemokratische-digitalisierung</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Acid Communist Aachen]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 27 Jun 2026 12:11:41 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/03847962-6493-435e-99f6-e205b053d811_1200x630.webp" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In der Geschichte h&#228;ngen gesellschaftliche Ver&#228;nderungen oft eng mit dem Auftauchen neuer Technologien zusammen. Ein Beispiel daf&#252;r ist der Aufstieg des <em><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Print_capitalism">Printkapitalismus</a></em>. Der Soziologe Benedict Anderson beschrieb in seinem Werk <em>Die Erfindung der Nation</em>, wie die <strong>Druckerpresse</strong> im 18. Jahrhundert zum Katalysator f&#252;r eine tiefgreifende gesellschaftliche Umw&#228;lzung wurde.</p><p>Indem sie die Voraussetzung f&#252;r eine neue <em>b&#252;rgerliche &#214;ffentlichkeit</em> schuf und es Leuten erm&#246;glichte, sich &#252;ber gedruckte Medien (wie Zeitungen und Romane) &#252;ber gro&#223;e Distanzen hinweg als Teil einer Gemeinschaft zu identifizieren, ebnete sie den Weg f&#252;r den Aufbau b&#252;rgerlicher Ideologie und Macht. Diese Kommunikation schuf die strukturelle Basis f&#252;r eine Welle b&#252;rgerlich-nationalistischer Revolutionen. Die Technologie allein bestimmte nicht die Gesellschaft, aber ihre Verbreitung schuf die <strong>Voraussetzung f&#252;r neue Machtkonstellationen</strong>.</p><p>Der Versuch, dieses technologische Potenzial zu verstehen und gezielt zu nutzen, bildet den theoretischen Kern des <em>linken Akzelerationismus</em>:</p><blockquote><p>W&#228;hrend die Argumente der Techno-Utopisten darauf beruhen, dass Beschleunigung zur automatischen &#220;berwindung politischer Konflikte f&#252;hrt, behaupten wir, dass die Technologie genau darum beschleunigt werden muss, weil sie dazu gebraucht wird, soziale Konflikte f&#252;r sich zu entscheiden.</p></blockquote><p>&#8211; Nick Srnicek &amp; Alex Williams, <em><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161022162029/http://akzelerationismus.de/beschleunigungsmanifest.pdf">#BESCHLEUNIGUNGSMANIFEST f&#252;r eine Akzelerationistische Politik</a></em></p><p>Es geht also nicht um &#8222;Technologie&#8220; im Abstrakten, sondern um eben solche Technologien, welche die Bildung jener Machtkonstellationen beg&#252;nstigen, die wir anstreben. Die Druckerpresse erm&#246;glichte sprachliche und kulturelle Homogenit&#228;t in weitaus gr&#246;&#223;erem Umfang. Was wir wollen ist Basisdemokratie in weitaus gr&#246;&#223;erem Umfang. Wir wollen, dass sich Leute selbst erm&#228;chtigen, indem sie miteinander mutualistische (d.h. allseits vorteilhafte) Beziehungen eingehen.</p><p>Beg&#252;nstigt w&#252;rden solche Entwicklungen durch Open-Source-Software, die gezielt f&#252;r die demokratische Selbstverwaltung entwickelt wurde. Eine solche Infrastruktur macht direkte, demokratische Teilhabe auch in weitaus gr&#246;&#223;eren Ma&#223;st&#228;ben praktikabel. Eventuell noch wichtiger ist jedoch die Tatsache, dass eine asynchrone Entscheidungsfindung die Barrieren teils kollidierender Verpflichtungen aus Lohn- und Sorgearbeit etc. weitgehend abbaut. Statt sich abends auf ein mehrst&#252;ndiges Plenum zu schleppen oder f&#252;r ein Wochenende auf einen Kongress zu fahren, kann man hier und da mal 20 Minuten auf der Plattform aktiv werden, egal wo man gerade ist. Dass dies keine utopische Zukunftsmusik ist, zeigen bereits existierende Open-Source-Projekte wie <strong>Loomio</strong> und <strong>Decidim</strong>.</p><ul><li><p><strong><a href="https://www.loomio.com/">Loomio</a></strong> ist f&#252;r die Entscheidungsfindung in Gruppen optimiert. Es erinnert im Aufbau an vertraute Foren und Kommunikations-Apps wie Slack, bietet jedoch strukturierte, eingebaute Abstimmungsfunktionen, die Diskussionen zu dokumentierten Beschl&#252;ssen f&#252;hren.</p></li><li><p><strong><a href="https://decidim.org/">Decidim</a></strong> ist ein vielseitiges, modulares System, das auf gro&#223;fl&#228;chige Beteiligung ausgelegt ist. Der Fokus liegt auf der Einbindung sonst unbeteiligter Personen, deren Ideen zu ausgereiften Antr&#228;gen ausgearbeitet werden sollen, &#252;ber die letztlich abgestimmt werden kann.</p></li></ul><p>Solche Werkzeuge haben das Potenzial, nicht nur der eigenen Gruppe zu helfen. Indem wir sie aktiv sowie passiv (z.B. &#252;ber personelle &#220;berschneidungen) weiterverbreiten, st&#228;rken wir auch andere Gruppen und tragen letztlich zum Aufbau der sozialistischen Gegenmacht insgesamt bei. Jede Allianz und jede Basisgruppe sollte den Einsatz dieser Werkzeuge in Betracht ziehen.</p><p>Dieser technopolitische Ansatz ist einer des <strong>Experimentierens, Dokumentierens und Verbreitens</strong>. Teilt eure Erfolge, lernt aus euren Fehlern und sorgt daf&#252;r, dass sich die Infrastruktur der Solidarit&#228;t wie ein Lauffeuer verbreitet!</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Community: Why and How?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Against intra-group Moralism]]></description><link>https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/community-why-and-how</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/community-why-and-how</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Acid Communist Aachen]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 27 Jun 2026 10:46:05 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/af0e173d-fd20-4ed3-b025-a7451d6bde94_1905x1000.webp" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;6289dc43-72b3-4311-8acd-ab093a806370&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;In meinem Beitrag Aktivismus &amp; Mutualismus machte ich die Unterscheidung zwischen aktivistischen und mutualistischen Gruppen. W&#228;hrend erstere ein gewisses Privileg seitens ihrer Mitglieder voraussetzen und deren Arbeitskraft inklusive Synergie-Gewinn vor allem in die Umwelt leiten, sind letztere f&#252;r ihre Mitglieder nutzbringend. Die Kooperation f&#252;hrt zu&#8230;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Gemeinschaft: Warum und Wie?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:260637275,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Acid Communist Aachen&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Thoughts of a socialist Daoist &#8212; What if you're trying too hard?&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5e44bf74-9f00-4b19-8712-0375a884ad4c_300x300.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-27T10:17:55.045Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6deb2df9-aaa4-421f-802c-4ae057a994c5_1905x1000.webp&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/gemeinschaft-warum-und-wie&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:203812308,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2916336,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Acid Communist Aachen&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4VXs!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa8aab751-8a7f-4643-b570-6c8e09dc265c_300x300.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><p>In my essay <em><a href="/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/activism-and-mutualism">Activism &amp; Mutualism</a></em>, I made the distinction between activistic and mutualistic groups. While the former presuppose a certain privilege on the part of their members and direct their labor&#8212;including synergetic gains&#8212;primarily into the environment, the latter are directly beneficial to their members. Cooperation leads to synergetic gains that are distributed primarily back to the members.</p><p>In doing so, I left out one aspect: the need for community. In contemporary capitalism, community is scarce. Thus, even an activist group can be beneficial to its members in a broader sense, in that it satisfies an otherwise unfulfilled need for community. However, this works much better if the group is not internally moralistic. I use the term &#8220;moralism&#8221; to refer to the moral condemnation of individuals. In my essay <em><a href="/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/against-moralism">Against Moralism</a></em>, I contrasted <em>intra-group</em> moralism with <em>inter-group</em> moralism. However, this distinction does not align strictly with nominal group boundaries. Even <strong>within</strong> a formal group, moralism can function as &#8220;inter-group&#8221; and thus fail.</p><p>The deciding factor is whether the tendency which is to be moralistically curbed represents a total fringe phenomenon or a significant faction that can compete with the majority. A moralistic peace is therefore, in a sense, <strong>unstable.</strong> If opinions diverge too much and a critical mass of dissenters is exceeded, moralistic suppression will no longer succeed in stifling them. From this point on, moralism continues to be deployed, but without resolving the problem and thus eliminating its own necessity. The amount of moralism experienced by the average member then increases. The community function that the group once fulfilled for its members gradually ceases. In activist groups, this likely leads to collapse, since community was the sole benefit for its members.</p><p>Therefore, leftist groups must also refrain from formally intra-group moralism, as it can turn into effectively inter-group moralism at any time and thus pose a danger to the group. I therefore advise these groups to take inspiration from hippie communes, Christian congregations, or the like. In these, people tend not to act moralistically despite all ideals. An individual who does not live up to an ideal in their actions is not condemned or treated as an enemy. <strong>Instead of the group&#8217;s moral purity, immediate love and</strong> <em><strong>understanding</strong></em> <strong>are prioritized.</strong></p><p>I was able to personally experience this understanding recently. Recently, I have begun occasionally visiting the Free Evangelical <em>Christusgemeinde</em> in Aachen. There, I met a left-liberal person to whom I expressed an opinion that is controversial in both left-liberal and radical-left milieus. I recently expressed the same opinion on the internal forum of the anarcho-syndicalist <em>Freie Arbeiter*innen Union</em> (FAU). As expected, I was morally condemned in the latter case and not in the former. That Christians should be tolerant in an anti-moralistic sense seems obvious to me, though Christianity can unfortunately also be interpreted differently. Fortunately however, this is not the case at <em>Christusgemeinde</em>. Here are excerpts from the <a href="/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/the-early-church-acts-43237">sermon of June 7, 2026</a>:</p><blockquote><p><em><strong>Now the full number of those who believed were of one heart and soul.</strong></em> Our text describes the absolute beginning of the early Christian congregation in Jerusalem. ... That is always the case at the beginning of a movement. Everyone looks in the same direction toward a common goal and is ready to give everything for it. ...</p><p>Wherever people are involved with their whole heart and commitment in long-term communities, they cannot always be one heart and soul. ... What we need in the church is not &#8220;<strong>one</strong> heart and soul,&#8221; but rather many individual <strong>wide</strong> hearts and <strong>wide</strong> souls. This means a lot of tolerance... Not everyone has to build an equally close relationship with everyone else, either. It is allowed to be a colorful network of hearts and souls. In this mesh, some &#8220;loops&#8221; are tighter than others.</p><p>In his enthusiasm, Luke describes &#8220;one heart and soul&#8221; as the ideal state. But the very next text makes it clear that even in the early church, it didn&#8217;t last long. ... Yet, it is good that he writes it this way for us. In doing so, he admonishes us to work on our own &#8220;heart expansion&#8221; so that we can maintain a good togetherness in our community.</p></blockquote><p>Additionally, the <a href="/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/how-open-is-community">sermon of April 26, 2026</a> stated:</p><blockquote><p>It is almost a geometrical truth: the closer each one of us draws near to Jesus, the more we draw near to one another as well; the less our milieus, even our bubbles, matter; and love for one another happens as a consequence, without moral effort. The biblical expression for that is: fruit.</p></blockquote><p>The latter resonated particularly with me as a Daoist: the absence of moral effort. For me, <em>understanding</em> (Verst&#228;ndnis) does not result from moral effort, but from <em>comprehending</em> (Verstehen) the circumstances. Therefore, I finally refer strictly materialistic readers to my essay <em><a href="/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/determinist-ethics">Deterministic Ethics</a></em>. The Jewish-Portuguese philosopher Baruch de Spinoza once concluded that God and the world are one and the same. He, too, understood (in a different way) brotherly love as a <em>fruit</em> of getting to know God and the world.</p><div class="pullquote"><p>Knowing God = Knowing the World = Love of Neighbor</p></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Gemeinschaft: Warum und Wie?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Gegen den gruppen-internen Moralismus]]></description><link>https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/gemeinschaft-warum-und-wie</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/gemeinschaft-warum-und-wie</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Acid Communist Aachen]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 27 Jun 2026 10:17:55 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6deb2df9-aaa4-421f-802c-4ae057a994c5_1905x1000.webp" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In meinem Beitrag <em><a href="/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/aktivismus-und-mutualismus">Aktivismus &amp; Mutualismus</a></em> machte ich die Unterscheidung zwischen aktivistischen und mutualistischen Gruppen. W&#228;hrend erstere ein gewisses Privileg seitens ihrer Mitglieder voraussetzen und deren Arbeitskraft inklusive Synergie-Gewinn vor allem in die Umwelt leiten, sind letztere f&#252;r ihre Mitglieder nutzbringend. Die Kooperation f&#252;hrt zu Synergie-Gewinnen, die vor allem auf die Mitglieder zur&#252;ck verteilt werden.</p><p>Dabei habe ich einen Aspekt au&#223;en vorgelassen: Das Bed&#252;rfnis nach Gemeinschaft. Im aktuell vorliegenden Kapitalismus ist Gemeinschaft Mangelware. Somit kann auch eine aktivistische Gruppe f&#252;r ihre Mitglieder im weiteren Sinne nutzbringend sein als dass sie ein sonst unerf&#252;lltes Bed&#252;rfnis nach Gemeinschaft stillt. Dies funktioniert aber viel besser, wenn die Gruppe nicht intern moralistisch ist. &#8220;Moralismus&#8221; nenne ich das moralische Verurteilen von Personen. In meinem Beitrag <em><a href="/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/gegen-den-moralismus">Gegen den Moralismus</a></em> stellte ich den <em>gruppen-internen</em> Moralismus dem <em>gruppen-&#252;bergreifenden</em> gegen&#252;ber. Diese Unterscheidung verl&#228;uft aber nicht entlang nomineller Gruppengrenzen. Auch <strong>innerhalb</strong> einer formellen Gruppe kann Moralismus &#8220;gruppen-&#252;bergreifend&#8221; wirken und somit scheitern.</p><p>Ausschlaggebend ist, ob die moralistisch zu b&#228;ndigende Tendenz eine totale Randerscheinung oder eine nennenswerte Fraktion darstellt, die faktisch mit der Mehrheit konkurrieren kann. Ein moralistischer Frieden ist also gewisserma&#223;en <strong>instabil.</strong> Wenn die Meinungen zu weit auseinander gehen und eine kritische Masse Andersdenkender &#252;berschritten wird, gelingt es auf moralistische Weise nicht mehr, diese zu ersticken. Ab diesem Punkt wird Moralismus weiterhin aufgefahren, jedoch ohne das Problem zu l&#246;sen und damit seine eigene Notwendigkeit aufzuheben. Die Menge an Moralismus, die vom durchschnittlichen Mitglied erfahren wird, steigt dann an. Die Gemeinschaftsfunktion, die die Gruppe einst f&#252;r einen erf&#252;llt hat, setzt damit zunehmend aus. Bei aktivistischen Gruppen f&#252;hrt dies wahrscheinlich zum Zusammenbruch, da die Gemeinschaft den einzigen Nutzen f&#252;r die Mitglieder darstellte.</p><p>Deshalb m&#252;ssen linksradikale Gruppen auch den formell gruppen-internen Moralismus unterlassen, da dieser jederzeit in faktisch gruppen-&#252;bergreifenden Moralismus umschlagen kann und somit eine Gefahr f&#252;r die Gruppe darstellt. Ich rate diesen Gruppen daher dazu, sich an Hippie-Kommunen, christlichen Gemeinden o. &#196;. ein Vorbild zu nehmen. In diesen wird tendenziell trotz aller Ideale nicht moralistisch vorgegangen. Eine Person, die einem Ideal im Handeln nicht gerecht wird, wird nicht verurteilt oder als Feind behandelt. <strong>Statt der moralischen Reinheit der Gruppe werden unmittelbare Liebe und </strong><em><strong>Verst&#228;ndnis</strong></em><strong> priorisiert.</strong></p><p>Ich durfte diese Verst&#228;ndnis neulich pers&#246;nlich erfahren. Seit kurzem besuche ich irregul&#228;r die frei-evangelische <em>Christusgemeinde</em> im Frankenberger Viertel Aachens. Dort lernte ich eine linksliberale Person kennen, gegen&#252;ber der ich eine Meinung &#228;u&#223;erte, welche im linksliberalen, aber auch im linksradikalen Milieu kontrovers ist. Dieselbe Meinung &#228;u&#223;erte ich neulich im internen Forum der Freien Arbeiter*innen Union. Meinen Erwartungen entsprechend wurde ich im letzteren Fall moralisch verurteilt und im ersteren nicht. Dass Christen im anti-moralistischen Sinne tolerant sein sollen, ist meiner Meinung nach offensichtlich, aber leider l&#228;sst sich das Christentum nat&#252;rlich auch anders deuten. In der Christusgemeinde ist dies zum Gl&#252;ck nicht der Fall. Hier Ausz&#252;ge aus der <a href="/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/die-urgemeinde-apg-4-3237">Predigt vom 07.06.2026</a>:</p><blockquote><p><em><strong>Alle waren ein Herz und eine Seele.</strong></em> Unser Text beschreibt den absoluten Anfang der christlichen Urgemeinde in Jerusalem. ... Das ist am Anfang einer Bewegung immer so. Alle schauen in eine Richtung auf ein gemeinsames Ziel und sind bereit, alles daf&#252;r zu geben. ...</p><p>Da, wo Menschen mit ganzem Herzen und Einsatz dabei sind in Gemeinschaften, die <strong>auf Dauer</strong> angelegt sind, kann man nicht immer ein Herz und eine Seele sein. ... Was es in der Gemeinde braucht ist nicht &#8222;ein Herz und eine Seele&#8220;, sondern viele individuelle <strong>weite</strong> Herzen und <strong>weite</strong> Seelen. Das bedeutet viel Toleranz... Es muss auch nicht jeder zu jedem die gleiche enge Beziehung aufbauen. Es darf ein buntes Netzwerk von Herzen und Seelen sein. Da liegen manche &#8222;Maschen&#8220; enger beieinander und andere sind weiter voneinander entfernt.</p><p>Lukas beschreibt in seiner Begeisterung &#8222;ein Herz und eine Seele&#8220; als den Idealzustand. Aber schon direkt im Anschlusstext wird deutlich, dass es den auch in der Urgemeinde so nicht lange gab. ... Dennoch ist es gut, dass er es uns so schreibt. Er mahnt uns damit, an unserer jeweiligen &#8222;Herzenserweiterung&#8220; zu arbeiten, damit wir uns ein gutes Miteinander in unserer Gemeinde erhalten.</p></blockquote><p>Dazu hie&#223; es in der <a href="/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/wie-offen-ist-gemeinde">Predigt vom 26.04.2026</a>:</p><blockquote><p>Es ist eine schon fast geometrische Wahrheit: Je n&#228;her wir, jede(r) Einzelne, an Jesus heranr&#252;cken, desto mehr r&#252;cken wir auch einander n&#228;her, desto weniger spielen unsere Milieus, sogar unsere Bubbles, eine Rolle, und die Liebe untereinander geschieht als Folge, ohne moralische Anstrengung. Der biblische Ausdruck daf&#252;r ist: Frucht.</p></blockquote><p>Letzteres fand bei mir als Daoisten besonderen Anklang: Die Abwesenheit moralischer Anstrengung. <em>Verst&#228;ndnis</em> resultiert bei mir n&#228;mlich nicht aus moralischer Anstrengung, sondern aus dem <em>Verstehen</em> der Umst&#228;nde. Daher verweise ich strikt-materialistische Leser*innen abschlie&#223;end auf meinen Beitrag <em><a href="/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/deterministische-ethik">Deterministische Ethik</a></em>. Der j&#252;disch-portugiesische Philosoph Baruch de Spinoza kam einst zum Schluss, dass Gott und die Welt ein und dasselbe sind. Auch er Verstand (auf andere Weise) die N&#228;chstenliebe als <em>Frucht</em> des Kennenlernens von Gott und der Welt.</p><div class="pullquote"><p>Gott zu kennen = Die Welt zu kennen = N&#228;chstenliebe</p></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[The Early Church: Acts 4:32–37]]></title><description><![CDATA[Sermon for June 7, 2026, at Christusgemeinde Aachen]]></description><link>https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/the-early-church-acts-43237</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/the-early-church-acts-43237</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Acid Communist Aachen]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 27 Jun 2026 09:34:05 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4VXs!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa8aab751-8a7f-4643-b570-6c8e09dc265c_300x300.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Good morning, dear friends,</p><p>Do you actually know how many idioms used today originate from the Bible? No? Neither do I. And neither does the AI. In any case, there are hundreds, it says. Today, we&#8217;ll start with a little test. I bet no one will get this right &#128522;.</p><p>Which of these proverbs does <em>NOT</em> come from the Bible? (Slide 1). Let me give you a little hint (Slide 2). Okay, and now another question&#8212;let&#8217;s see who was just paying attention. Which idiom is found in the scripture passage suggested for this Sunday? This passage is found in Acts 4:32&#8211;37.</p><p>Exactly: <em>to be one heart and soul</em>. And this idiom is so common that a very well-known German TV sitcom from the 70s (the older ones among us will remember) was named after it (<em>&#8220;Ein Herz und eine Seele&#8221;</em>). I think back then there were only about three television channels... No, I&#8217;m not going to show you a clip now; I&#8217;ll spare everyone the sight of &#8220;Ekel Alfred&#8221; (Nasty Alfred) sitting at the kitchen table in his undershirt and suspenders. Back then, the series fit the era perfectly (the rebellion of youth against petit-bourgeois stuffiness), but today it probably wouldn&#8217;t fly at all.</p><p>Be that as it may... I will read today&#8217;s suggested scripture passage from Acts 4:32&#8211;37:</p><blockquote><p><mark data-color="#d9ead3" style="background-color: rgb(217, 234, 211); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Now the full number of those who believed were of one heart and soul</mark>, and <mark data-color="#f4cccc" style="background-color: rgb(244, 204, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">no one said that any of the things that belonged to him was his own, but they had everything in common.</mark> And with great power the apostles were giving their testimony to the resurrection of the Lord Jesus, and great grace was upon them all.</p><p><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">There was not a needy person among them</mark>, for as many as were owners of lands or houses sold them and brought the proceeds of what was sold and laid it at the apostles&#8217; feet, and it was distributed to each as any had need. Thus <mark data-color="#cfe2f3" style="background-color: rgb(207, 226, 243); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Joseph, who was also called by the apostles Barnabas, a Levite, a native of Cyprus, sold a field that belonged to him and brought the money and laid it at the apostles&#8217; feet.</mark></p></blockquote><h3>1. One Heart and Soul</h3><div class="pullquote"><p><em><mark data-color="#d9ead3" style="background-color: rgb(217, 234, 211); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Now the full number of those who believed were of one heart and soul</mark></em></p></div><p>Our text describes the absolute beginning of the early Christian congregation in Jerusalem. Pentecost, the outpouring of the Holy Spirit, and with it the birth of the Christian church, had just occurred. The disciples were completely transformed and &#8220;inspired&#8221; in the truest sense of the word. This enthusiasm had a radiant power that infected others.</p><p>That is always the case at the beginning of a movement. Everyone looks in the same direction toward a common goal and is ready to give everything for it. I don&#8217;t want to compare our church planting in 2014 with the founding of the early church by any stretch&#8212;that would be presumptuous. Not nearly everyone here today experienced it back then, and that is a very good thing, otherwise we wouldn&#8217;t be evolving. But those who were there might remember: the excitement, the new church, the old passing away, embarking on an exciting future with many uncertainties. We were &#8220;one heart and soul&#8221; with a great shared goal.</p><p>Meanwhile, we have become well-established. We have no major conflicts&#8212;as far as I know&#8212;thank God. But always &#8220;one heart and soul&#8221;? We certainly aren&#8217;t that. That is an absolute state of exception under very special initial conditions in any group of people. It is not the norm.</p><p>Where people gather, human nature naturally gets in the way. There are the conscientious ones, who always take everything very precisely, where every formulation must be just right. There are the steady ones, who find conflict difficult to tolerate and therefore often struggle to resolve it well. The active, initiative-seeking people need a lot of variety, lots of new things, and have ideas that they often don&#8217;t follow through to completion. The dominant ones can lead the way where good leaders are needed, but sometimes they just aren&#8217;t quite as &#8220;flexible.&#8221; I have just made a very brief reference to the so-called DISC personality profile. I think it is highly worth taking a closer look at it; it helps immensely in developing understanding for one another.</p><p>Wherever people are involved with their whole heart and commitment in long-term communities, they cannot always be one heart and soul. Different personality types always come together. You get to know each other well in such groups, and with that, you also get to know your &#8220;anti-types.&#8221; It is exactly the same in a free church. What type are you? And which other types give you a hard time?</p><p>What we need in the church is not &#8220;<strong>one</strong> heart and soul,&#8221; but rather many individual <strong>wide</strong> hearts and <strong>wide</strong> souls. This means a lot of tolerance and sibling love for different personality types and different spiritual approaches to our Lord. Not everyone has to build an equally close relationship with everyone else, either. It is allowed to be a colorful network of hearts and souls. In this mesh, some &#8220;loops&#8221; are tighter than others.</p><p>In his enthusiasm, Luke describes &#8220;one heart and soul&#8221; as the ideal state. But the very next text makes it clear that even in the early church, it didn&#8217;t last long. More on that later. Yet, it is good that he writes it this way for us. In doing so, he admonishes us to work on our own &#8220;heart expansion&#8221; so that we can maintain a good togetherness in our community. We should see brothers and sisters who tick differently as an enrichment. What can you learn from the person who seems a bit &#8220;strange&#8221; to you?</p><h3>2. Community of Goods</h3><div class="pullquote"><p><em><mark data-color="#f4cccc" style="background-color: rgb(244, 204, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">no one said that any of the things that belonged to him was his own, but they had everything in common</mark></em></p></div><p>Complete community of goods. No private property? Can something like this even work? Can we imagine this nowadays in our form of society? It can work in small communities. Even today, there are intentional communities that live with shared goods. However, I believe it is not always easy. Many communities have failed because of it. Back then, it really seemed to work, at least for a short time. People actually sold their belongings and brought the proceeds into the community.</p><p>The very early church lived with an &#8220;imminent expectation.&#8221; They anticipated the prompt return of Christ during their lifetimes and thought they wouldn&#8217;t need many of their things anymore. Their actions were completely logical, consistent, and by no means naive. It testified to their firm faith, a slice of which we could certainly take for ourselves today. But the deep desire for private property was the exact reason why things quickly went awry with the &#8220;one heart and soul&#8221; ideal in the following passage.</p><p>There, we are told that Ananias and Sapphira sold a piece of land and only gave the church a portion of the proceeds. Yet they claimed it was the full amount. The fact that they kept something for themselves was not the problem; Peter makes that very clear. They could have easily kept all of it. There was no obligation to give the money away. It was their dishonesty, the lie, that became their undoing. Obviously, the temptation of private property was too great. Complete community of goods, on a long-term basis, evidently does not work very well.</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;68005e37-45e0-4846-be56-9b3a398d5b2a&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;To hold an ideal is not the same as being an idealist. This distinction, though subtle, cuts to the core of a persistent confusion in political and moral debates. Ideals are orienting principles: visions of a morally better state of affairs that guide action and judgment.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;md&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Ideals without Idealism&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:260637275,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Acid Communist Aachen&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Thoughts of a socialist Daoist &#8212; What if you're trying too hard?&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5e44bf74-9f00-4b19-8712-0375a884ad4c_300x300.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-03T14:01:23.226Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/4756e0e2-c1ae-490f-a2c9-f05dcf356885_890x500.webp&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/ideals-without-idealism&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:196312969,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:1,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2916336,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Acid Communist Aachen&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4VXs!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa8aab751-8a7f-4643-b570-6c8e09dc265c_300x300.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><p>But we shouldn&#8217;t lean back and dismiss the text too quickly. No, the Bible doesn&#8217;t make it that easy for us. Let&#8217;s look at why they did it this way. What was the goal?</p><h3>3. No Needy Persons</h3><div class="pullquote"><p><em><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">There was not a needy person among them</mark></em></p></div><p>That was the goal, and that is what we too should focus on. Back then, they were able to achieve this in the short term through the community of goods. But a sold field yields nothing in the long run, and soon everyone is in need again.</p><p>I would argue that most of us are doing quite well financially, if not very well. But do we know if there is financial need right here in our congregation? I don&#8217;t know. Would anyone even dare to say so, so that we could help, or is a situation of need too heavily associated with shame in our affluent society? &#8220;You don&#8217;t talk about money, you just have it,&#8221; says a&#8212;in my opinion&#8212;rather foolish German proverb. At least the first part is true for many, but unfortunately, the second part isn&#8217;t always. The church in Jerusalem seemed to have no problem &#8220;talking about it.&#8221;</p><p>If there are needs today, you don&#8217;t have to publish them in our Signal chat group. Instead, you could, for example, contact the leadership team, who can launch an anonymous call for help. I don&#8217;t know if by saying this about material need, I am simply preaching to the choir. That would, of course, be my hope.</p><p>But perhaps we shouldn&#8217;t limit this &#8220;and no one was in need&#8221; purely to material things. Perhaps other needs among us are greater. Let&#8217;s look at this from two perspectives:</p><p><strong>The &#8220;I need help&#8221; perspective:</strong> Would you want to, and would you dare to, reveal your need or your requirement for support? Could you formulate concretely what would help you? Sometimes it might be very small, one-time things. Support would be very helpful, but you&#8217;d rather not ask because you don&#8217;t want to burden anyone. As the saying goes: &#8220;People who speak up can be helped.&#8221; <strong>Usually</strong>, that&#8217;s true.</p><p>Yes, it can also happen that the help cannot be fully provided, depending on the situation. It may be that brothers and sisters reach their limits, time-wise or otherwise, especially when it comes to long-term help that cannot be permanently promised. In those cases, an open conversation without a guilty conscience is necessary. Perhaps alternative, collective solutions can be found together? But if we don&#8217;t know about the need in the first place, it is inherently impossible to offer support.</p><p><strong>The &#8220;I might be able to help&#8221; perspective:</strong> Do I have an eye for who might need support? I believe this depends heavily on your personality type and your own background. One person might have no radar for it at all and genuinely needs to be asked directly. Another person <strong>always</strong> sees the need but cannot always help, which quickly plagues them with a guilty conscience&#8212;which isn&#8217;t helpful either. Which personality type are you? In which direction should you perhaps move? Is there perhaps a healthy middle ground between these two extremes for you?</p><p>I&#8217;ll return to the community of goods, which I dismissed very quickly above with &#8220;that doesn&#8217;t work today.&#8221; Actually, in one specific area, we do practice it. We live it out as a free church. This is a very good thing, and hopefully, it will continue to work.</p><p>Our entire church is funded together on a voluntary basis, so to speak, in a community of goods. One person gives more, another gives less, depending on what is possible. And no one has to leave the service before the sermon because they only paid for the first half. Everyone is allowed to stay until after the blessing. No one is denied coffee afterward because their church contribution was already used up by financing the service. At most, it would be because nobody made the coffee beforehand &#128521;...</p><p>So, at this point, please bear with me as the assistant treasurer inserts a little commercial break. No, I do not want to counteract Michael&#8217;s last sermon on the topic &#8220;Never enough? Actually, it is enough!&#8221; Perhaps you remember? Yes, it is enough. We are getting by well and have always closed the year with a small surplus because the &#8220;community of goods&#8221; works here without anyone having to sell their &#8220;field&#8221; yet. Hopefully, this will continue to be possible in the future. That&#8217;s why my commercial break here isn&#8217;t: &#8220;Please everyone give more now, or we&#8217;ll go broke.&#8221; No. But take the following thought with you <strong>for the future</strong> (I had formulated this so beautifully, but my domestic sermon inspection team said: &#8220;Nobody will understand that, say it clearly!&#8221;). Alright, then:</p><p>The church&#8217;s expenses are rising slowly but steadily due to inflation and standard salary increases. But our private income is also rising through collective agreements or pension adjustments. Therefore, it would be wonderful if, in the medium term, donations to the church could also increase to keep the balance between income and expenses stable.</p><h3>4. Charity</h3><div class="pullquote"><p><em><mark data-color="#c9daf8" style="background-color: rgb(201, 218, 248); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Joseph, who was also called by the apostles Barnabas, a Levite, a native of Cyprus, sold a field that belonged to him and brought the money and laid it at the apostles&#8217; feet.</mark></em></p></div><p>The early church practiced generosity first within their own community. With that, their capacities were probably exhausted. After all, possessions already had to be sold.</p><p>Today, we live in an affluent society. The spirit of the times is partly characterized by looking out more and more for oneself&#8212;self-optimization in various aspects. The internet and social media flood us with advertisements for more and more things we supposedly need. I always like to claim: about 90% of all the junk on the market is completely useless to anyone... alright, I&#8217;ll let you bargain me down to 85% if you absolutely must, but no further.</p><p>On the other hand, our society is still functioning halfway because there are an immense number of social initiatives, projects, and charitable organizations&#8212;even supported by the state. There are campaigns like &#8220;Germany Helps&#8221; and&#8212;what I think is the most brilliant idea ever&#8212;the &#8220;WDR Christmas Miracle&#8221; charity campaign. These projects exist because there are people who are generous and fund them. Generosity, where possible, not only makes the recipient happy but also the giver&#8212;much more than the flood of products on the internet. That is scientifically proven.</p><p>No, I don&#8217;t want to end up as a desert hermit either; I still want to treat myself to things and activities that bring me genuine joy. But today, I want to take a leaf out of the early church&#8217;s book on generosity once again and think carefully about what I really need.</p><p>Christmas always comes so suddenly... As a church, should we participate in the WDR Christmas Miracle this year with a cool campaign? What do you think? For example: for every &#8220;Amen&#8221; said here during Sunday service, everyone who wants to and is able to participate puts 2 Euros into the charity pot&#8212;starting in the second half of the year, in July? That would certainly give us a good chance of getting on the radio! Or maybe another clever idea? Should we start brainstorming now and maybe get creative in our small groups? I&#8217;d be happy to collect ideas and drive the campaign forward if it resonates with the congregation. So, think about it.</p><p>I wish us wide hearts and wide souls for our brothers and sisters in the church, as well as for those outside who tick differently than we do. I wish all of us the courage to ask for help when it is needed, and the ability to give it when we are asked. And I wish you and me the ability to place generosity and a willingness to give above less meaningful material things, even outside the church.</p><p>Amen</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! This isn&#8217;t my sermon btw. Subscribe for free to receive new posts from me and possibly more of these sermons.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Die Urgemeinde: Apg. 4, 32–37]]></title><description><![CDATA[Predigt zum 07.06.2026 in der Christusgemeinde Aachen]]></description><link>https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/die-urgemeinde-apg-4-3237</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/die-urgemeinde-apg-4-3237</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Acid Communist Aachen]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 27 Jun 2026 09:26:47 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4VXs!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa8aab751-8a7f-4643-b570-6c8e09dc265c_300x300.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Guten Morgen Ihr Lieben,</p><p>wisst ihr eigentlich wieviele heute g&#228;ngige Sprichw&#246;rter aus der Bibel stammen? Nein? Ich auch nicht. Und die KI ebenfalls nicht. Es sind jedenfalls hunderte, sagt diese. Wir starten heute mal mit einem kleinen Test. Ich wette, das kriegt keiner hin &#128522;.</p><p>Welches dieser Sprichw&#246;rter stammt NICHT aus der Bibel? (Folie 1). Ich gebe euch mal eine kleine Hilfe (Folie 2). So, und jetzt noch eine Frage, mal sehn wer eben aufgepasst hat. Welches Sprichwort steht in dem f&#252;r den heutigen Sonntag vorgeschlagenen Predigttext? Dieser steht in Apg. 4, 32&#8211;37.</p><p>Richtig: ein Herz und eine Seele sein. Und dieses Sprichwort ist so g&#228;ngig, dass eine ganz bekannte Fernsehserie aus den 70er Jahren (die Alten unter uns werden sich erinnern) danach benannt ist. Ich glaube, da gab es grad mal 3 Fernsehprogramme... Nein, ich zeige euch jetzt keinen Ausschnitt, ich erspare allen den Anblick von &#8222;Ekel Alfred&#8221; am K&#252;chentisch in Unterhemd und mit Hosentr&#228;gern. Damals hat die Serie gut in die Zeit gepasst (Rebellion der Jugend gegen das Spie&#223;b&#252;rgertum), heute w&#252;rde sie wahrscheinlich so gar nicht mehr gehen.</p><p>Wie dem auch sei... ich lese den f&#252;r heute vorgeschlagenen Predigttext aus Apg. 4, 32-37:</p><blockquote><p>Die ganze Schar derer, die an Jesus glaubten, hielt fest zusammen; <mark data-color="#d9ead3" style="background-color: rgb(217, 234, 211); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">alle waren ein Herz und eine Seele.</mark> <mark data-color="#f4cccc" style="background-color: rgb(244, 204, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Nicht ein Einziger betrachtete irgendetwas von dem, was ihm geh&#246;rte, als sein pers&#246;nliches Eigentum; vielmehr teilten sie alles miteinander, was sie besa&#223;en.</mark> Vollm&#228;chtig und kraftvoll bezeugten die Apostel, dass Jesus der auferstandene Herr ist. Und die ganze Gemeinde erlebte Gottes Gnade in reichem Ma&#223;.</p><p><mark data-color="#ffe599" style="background-color: rgb(255, 229, 153); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Es gab unter ihnen auch niemand, der Not leiden musste.</mark> Denn wenn die Bed&#252;rfnisse es erforderten, verkauften diejenigen, die ein Grundst&#252;ck oder ein Haus besa&#223;en, ihren Besitz und stellten den Erl&#246;s der Gemeinde zur Verf&#252;gung, indem sie das Geld vor den Aposteln niederlegten. Davon wurde dann jedem das zugeteilt, was er n&#246;tig hatte. Einer von denen, die den Bed&#252;rftigen in dieser Weise halfen, war Josef, ein Levit von Zypern, den die Apostel Barnabas nannten (Barnabas bedeutet: &#187;der, der andere ermutigt&#171;). 37 <mark data-color="#c9daf8" style="background-color: rgb(201, 218, 248); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Josef verkaufte ein St&#252;ck Land, das ihm geh&#246;rte, und stellte das Geld, das er daf&#252;r bekam, der Gemeinde zur Verf&#252;gung</mark>, indem er es vor den Aposteln niederlegte.</p></blockquote><h1>1. Ein Herz und eine Seele</h1><div class="pullquote"><p><em><mark data-color="#d9ead3" style="background-color: rgb(217, 234, 211); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Alle waren ein Herz und eine Seele.</mark></em></p></div><p>Unser Text beschreibt den absoluten Anfang der christlichen Urgemeinde in Jerusalem. Pfingsten, die Ausgie&#223;ung des Heiligen Geistes und damit die Geburt der christlichen Gemeinde liegt gerade hinter den J&#252;ngern. Sie waren wie verwandelt und &#8222;begeistert&#8221; im Wortsinn. Diese Begeisterung hatte Strahlkraft und steckte andere an.</p><p>Das ist am Anfang einer Bewegung immer so. Alle schauen in eine Richtung auf ein gemeinsames Ziel und sind bereit, alles daf&#252;r zu geben. Ich will unsere Gemeindegr&#252;ndung 2014 bei weitem nicht mit der Gr&#252;ndung der Urgemeinde vergleichen, das w&#228;re vermessen. Lange nicht alle, die heute hier sind, haben es damals miterlebt und das ist sehr gut so, sonst w&#252;rden wir uns ja gar nicht weiterentwickeln. Aber diejenigen, die dabei waren, erinnern sich vielleicht. Begeisterung, neue Gemeinde, das Alte ist vergangen, Aufbruch in eine spannende Zukunft mit vielen Ungewissheiten. Wir waren &#8222;ein Herz und eine Seele&#8221; mit einem gro&#223;en gemeinsamen Ziel.</p><p>Mittlerweile sind wir gut etabliert. Wir haben keine gro&#223;en Konflikte &#8211; soweit mir bekannt &#8211; Gott sei Dank. Aber immer &#8222;ein Herz und eine Seele&#8221;? Das sind wir doch bestimmt nicht. Das ist ein absoluter Ausnahmezustand unter ganz besonderen Anfangsbedingungen in jeder Gruppe von Menschen. Das ist nicht die Normalit&#228;t.</p><p>Wo Menschen zusammen sind menschelt es eben in der Regel. Da sind die Gewissenhaften, die immer alles ganz genau nehmen, da muss jede Formulierung passen. Da sind die Stetigen, die Konflikte nur schwer aushalten und sie deswegen oft nicht gut l&#246;sen k&#246;nnen. Die initiativen Menschen brauchen viel Abwechslung, viel Neues, haben Ideen, die sie aber oft nicht zu Ende umsetzen. Die Dominanten k&#246;nnen vorangehen, da wo es gute Anf&#252;hrer braucht, sind aber manchmal halt eben nicht so &#8222;geschmeidig&#8221;. Ich habe mich gerade in aller K&#252;rze auf das sog. DISG-Pers&#246;nlichkeitsmodell bezogen. Ich finde, es lohnt sich sehr, sich damit mal n&#228;her zu besch&#228;ftigen. Es hilft sehr, Verst&#228;ndnis f&#252;reinander zu entwickeln.</p><p>Da, wo Menschen mit ganzem Herzen und Einsatz dabei sind in Gemeinschaften, die auf Dauer angelegt sind, kann man nicht immer ein Herz und eine Seele sein. Es kommen immer unterschiedliche Pers&#246;nlichkeitstypen zusammen. Man kennt sich gut in solchen Gruppen und kennt damit auch seine &#8222;Antitypen&#8221;. Genauso ist es auch in einer FeG. Was bist du f&#252;r ein Typ? Und welche anderen Typen machen dir M&#252;he?</p><p>Was es in der Gemeinde braucht ist nicht &#8222;<strong>ein</strong> Herz und <strong>eine</strong> Seele&#8221;, sondern viele individuelle <strong>weite</strong> Herzen und <strong>weite</strong> Seelen. Das bedeutet viel Toleranz und viel Geschwisterliebe f&#252;r die unterschiedlichen Pers&#246;nlichkeitstypen und unterschiedlichen spirituellen Zug&#228;nge zu unserem Herrn. Es muss auch nicht jeder zu jedem die gleiche enge Beziehung aufbauen. Es darf ein buntes Netzwerk von Herzen und Seelen sein. Da liegen manche &#8222;Maschen&#8221; enger beieinander und andere sind weiter voneinander entfernt.</p><p>Lukas beschreibt in seiner Begeisterung &#8222;ein Herz und eine Seele&#8221; als den Idealzustand. Aber schon direkt im Anschlusstext wird deutlich, dass es den auch in der Urgemeinde so nicht lange gab. Dazu sp&#228;ter mehr. Dennoch ist es gut, dass er es uns so schreibt. Er mahnt uns damit, an unserer jeweiligen &#8222;Herzenserweiterung&#8221; zu arbeiten, damit wir uns ein gutes Miteinander in unserer Gemeinde erhalten. Wir sollen Geschwister, die anders ticken, als Bereicherung sehen. Was kannst du von der oder dem lernen, der dir &#8222;strange&#8221; vorkommt?</p><h1>2. G&#252;tergemeinschaft</h1><div class="pullquote"><p><em><mark data-color="#f4cccc" style="background-color: rgb(244, 204, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Nicht ein Einziger betrachtete irgendetwas von dem, was ihm geh&#246;rte, als sein pers&#246;nliches Eigentum; vielmehr teilten sie alles miteinander, was sie besa&#223;en.</mark></em></p></div><p>Komplette G&#252;tergemeinschaft. Kein Privateigentum? Kann so etwas &#252;berhaupt funktionieren? K&#246;nnen wir uns das heutzutage in unserer Gesellschaftsform vorstellen? Es kann in kleinen Gemeinschaften gehen. Es gibt auch heute Kommunit&#228;ten, die in G&#252;tergemeinschaft leben. Ich glaube aber, dass es nicht immer einfach ist. Es sind auch schon viele Gemeinschaften daran gescheitert. Damals hat es wohl wirklich funktioniert, jedenfalls f&#252;r eine kurze Zeit. Die Menschen haben teilweise ihr Hab und Gut verkauft und den Erl&#246;s in die Gemeinschaft eingebracht.</p><p>Die ganz fr&#252;he Gemeinde lebte in der sogenannten Naherwartung. Sie haben mit der baldigen Wiederkunft Christi zu ihren Lebzeiten gerechnet und gedacht, dass sie vieles gar nicht mehr brauchen werden. Ihr Handeln war absolut schl&#252;ssig und konsequent und keineswegs naiv. Es zeugte von ihrem festen Glauben, von dem wir uns heute eine Scheibe abschneiden k&#246;nnen. Aber der tiefe Wunsch nach Privateigentum war der Anlass, warum es im anschlie&#223;enden Text mit &#8222;ein Herz und eine Seele&#8221; dann doch gehapert hat.</p><p>Dort wird uns berichtet, dass Hananias und Saphira ein St&#252;ck Land verkauft und der Gemeinde nur einen Teil des Erl&#246;ses gegeben haben. Sie behaupteten aber, es sei der volle Betrag. Dass sie etwas f&#252;r sich behalten haben, war nicht das Problem. Das sagt Petrus ganz klar. Sie h&#228;tten sogar ruhig alles behalten k&#246;nnen. Es gab keine Verpflichtung, das Geld abzugeben. Die Unaufrichtigkeit, die L&#252;ge wird ihnen zum b&#246;sen Verh&#228;ngnis. Offensichtlich war die Verf&#252;hrung zum Privateigentum zu gro&#223;. Komplette G&#252;tergemeinschaft funktioniert offensichtlich zumindest auf l&#228;ngere Sicht nicht wirklich gut.</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;023c79e8-24cf-46ff-8d09-2191cec953ec&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Ein Ideal zu haben, ist nicht dasselbe wie ein Idealist zu sein. Diese Unterscheidung ist zwar subtil, trifft aber den Kern einer hartn&#228;ckigen Verwirrung in politischen und moralischen Debatten. Ideale dienen der Orientierung: Sie sind Visionen eines moralisch besseren Zustands, die Handeln und Urteilsverm&#246;gen leiten. Der&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;md&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Ideale ohne Idealismus&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:260637275,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Acid Communist Aachen&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Thoughts of a socialist Daoist &#8212; What if you're trying too hard?&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5e44bf74-9f00-4b19-8712-0375a884ad4c_300x300.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-03T13:38:24.295Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/963a4658-46fd-4d9b-8121-618cdae5dae7_890x500.webp&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/ideale-ohne-idealismus&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:196310594,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2916336,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Acid Communist Aachen&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4VXs!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa8aab751-8a7f-4643-b570-6c8e09dc265c_300x300.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><p>Aber zu schnell sollten wir uns hier nicht zur&#252;cklehnen und den Text abhaken. Nein, so einfach macht es uns die Bibel nicht. Schauen wir doch mal, <strong>warum</strong> die das so gemacht haben, was war das Ziel?</p><h1>3. Keine Not</h1><div class="pullquote"><p><em><mark data-color="#fff2cc" style="background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Es gab unter ihnen niemand, der Not leiden musste.</mark></em></p></div><p>Das war das Ziel und darauf sollen auch wir uns fokussieren. Damals konnte man das kurzfristig durch die G&#252;tergemeinschaft realisieren. Aber ein verkaufter Acker wirft auf Dauer gesehen nichts mehr ab und bald haben alle Not.</p><p>Ich behaupte mal, dass es den meisten von uns materiell recht gut geht, wenn nicht sogar sehr gut. Aber wissen wir, ob es bei uns in der Gemeinde nicht doch materielle Not gibt? Ich wei&#223; es nicht. W&#252;rde sich jemand &#252;berhaupt trauen das zu sagen, sodass man helfen kann oder ist eine Notsituation zu sehr schambesetzt in unserer Wohlstandsgesellschaft? &#8222;&#220;ber Geld spricht man nicht, man hat es&#8221;, hei&#223;t ein - wie ich finde - ziemlich bl&#246;des Sprichwort. Zumindestens der erste Teil stimmt, der zweite leider eben nicht immer. Die Gemeinde in Jerusalem hatte mit dem &#8222;dar&#252;ber sprechen&#8221; wohl kein Problem.</p><p>Wenn heute N&#246;te das sind, muss man das ja nicht in der Signalgruppe ver&#246;ffentlichen, sondern man k&#246;nnte sich z.B. an die GL wenden, die anonym einen Aufruf starten kann. Ich wei&#223; nicht, ob ich mit diesen S&#228;tzen bez&#252;glich materieller Not Eulen nach Athen trage. Das w&#228;re nat&#252;rlich mein Wunsch.</p><p>Aber vielleicht m&#252;ssen wir dieses &#8222;und keiner hatte Not&#8221; nicht nur auf das Materielle beschr&#228;nken. Vielleicht sind andere N&#246;te bei uns gr&#246;&#223;er. Schauen wir mal aus beiden Blickwinkeln darauf:</p><p><strong>Blickwinkel &#8222;ich br&#228;uchte Hilfe&#8220;:</strong> W&#252;rdest du das wollen und dich trauen, deine Not oder deinen Unterst&#252;tzungsbedarf zu offenbaren? K&#246;nntest du konkret formulieren, was dir helfen w&#252;rde? Manchmal sind es vielleicht ganz kleine einmalige Dinge. Unterst&#252;tzung w&#228;re sehr hilfreich, aber man will lieber gar nicht fragen, weil man keinen belasten will. Man sagt ja so sch&#246;n: &#8222;sprechenden Menschen kann geholfen werden&#8220;. <strong>Meistens</strong> stimmt das.</p><p>Ja, es kann aber auch passieren, dass die Hilfe nicht ausreichend geleistet werden kann, je nach Situation. Es kann sein, das Geschwister an ihre Grenzen sto&#223;en, zeitlich oder wie auch immer, insbesondere wenn es um l&#228;ngerfristige Hilfe geht, die man nicht dauerhaft zusagen kann. Dann ist ein offenes Gespr&#228;ch ohne schlechtes Gewissen dar&#252;ber notwendig. Vielleicht findet man alternativ gemeinsam andere oder gemeinschaftliche L&#246;sungen? Wenn man aber gar nicht um den Hilfebedarf wei&#223;, dann ist es per se nicht m&#246;glich zu unterst&#252;tzen.</p><p><strong>Blickwinkel &#8222;Ich k&#246;nnte vielleicht helfen&#8220;:</strong> Habe ich einen Blick daf&#252;r, wer eventuell Unterst&#252;tzung braucht? Ich glaube, das h&#228;ngt sehr vom Menschentyp und von den eigenen Pr&#228;gungen ab. Die eine hat vielleicht gar keine Antenne daf&#252;r und muss wirklich direkt gefragt werden. Der andere sieht <strong>immer</strong> die Not und kann aber nicht immer helfen. Dann plagt ihn schnell ein schlechtes Gewissen, was nicht hilfreich ist. Welcher Menschentyp bist Du eher? In welche Richtung solltest du dich vielleicht bewegen? Gibt es da vielleicht einen guten Mittelweg zwischen den beiden Extremen f&#252;r dich?</p><p>Ich komme nochmal auf die G&#252;tergemeinschaft zur&#252;ck, die ich oben ja sehr schnell mit &#8222;geht heute so nicht&#8221; abgehandelt habe. Doch, in einem Teilbereich schon. Wir leben sie als freie Gemeinde in diesem Teilbereich. Das ist sehr gut so und funktioniert hoffentlich auch weiterhin.</p><p>Unsere gesamte Gemeinde, wird gemeinsam auf freiwilliger Basis sozusagen in G&#252;tergemeinschaft finanziert. Der eine gibt mehr, die andere weniger, je nachdem was so geht. Und niemand muss den Gottesdienst schon vor der Predigt verlassen, weil er nur f&#252;r die erste Halbzeit bezahlt hat. Alle d&#252;rfen bis nach dem Segen bleiben. Niemandem wird der Kaffee im Anschluss verwehrt, weil sein Gemeindebeitrag mit der Finanzierung des Gottesdienstes schon aufgebraucht ist. H&#246;chstens deswegen, weil niemand den Kaffee vorher gekocht hat &#128521;...</p><p>So, und nun kommt an dieser Stelle der Werbeblock der stellv. Kassiererin, bitte seht es mir nach. Nein, ich will an dieser Stelle nicht die letzte Predigt von Michael zum Thema: &#8222;Never enough? Doch es ist genug!&#8221; konterkarieren. Vielleicht erinnert ihr euch? Ja, es ist genug. Wir kommen gut &#252;ber die Runden und haben bisher immer mit einem kleinen Plus abgeschlossen, weil die &#8222;G&#252;tergemeinschaft&#8221; hier funktioniert auch ohne, dass jemand bisher seinen &#8222;Acker&#8221; verkaufen musste. Das wird auch hoffentlich in Zukunft weiterhin so m&#246;glich sein. Deswegen hei&#223;t mein Werbeblock hier nicht: bitte gebt jetzt alle mehr, sonst gehen wir pleite, nein. Aber nehmt folgenden Gedanken <strong>f&#252;r die Zukunft</strong> mit: (Ich hatte so eine sch&#246;ne Formulierung, aber mein h&#228;uslicher PredigtT&#220;V hat gesagt: &#8222;Das versteht doch kein Mensch, sag&#8217;s deutlich!&#8221;) Also gut:</p><p>Die Ausgaben der Gemeinde steigen langsam aber kontinuierlich aufgrund von Inflation und Tarifsteigerungen. Unsere privaten Einnahmen steigen aber auch durch Tarifsteigerungen oder Rentenanpassungen. Deshalb w&#228;re es toll, wenn auf mittlere Sicht auch die Spenden an die Gemeinde steigen k&#246;nnten, um das Gleichgewicht zwischen Einnahmen und Ausgaben weiter stabil zu halten.</p><h1>4. Gro&#223;z&#252;gigkeit</h1><div class="pullquote"><p><em><mark data-color="#c9daf8" style="background-color: rgb(201, 218, 248); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Einer von denen, die den Bed&#252;rftigen in dieser Weise halfen, war Josef... Josef verkaufte ein St&#252;ck Land... und stellte das Geld... der Gemeinde zur Verf&#252;gung.</mark></em></p></div><p>Die Urgemeinde hat sich in Gro&#223;z&#252;gigkeit ge&#252;bt zun&#228;chst in der eigenen Gemeinde. Damit waren dort die Kapazit&#228;ten wahrscheinlich auch ersch&#246;pft. Schlie&#223;lich mussten schon Besitzt&#252;mer verkauft werden.</p><p>Wir leben heute in einer &#220;berflussgesellschaft. Der Zeitgeist ist teilweise gepr&#228;gt davon, immer mehr f&#252;r sich selbst zu sorgen. Selbstoptimierung in verschiedener Hinsicht. Das Internet und die sozialen Medien fluten uns zu mit Werbung, mit immer mehr Dingen, die wir angeblich brauchen. Ich behaupte immer gerne: ca. 90 % des ganzen Plunders, der auf dem Markt ist, braucht kein Mensch... gut, ich lass mich auch auf 85 % herunterhandeln, wenn ihr unbedingt meint, aber weiter nicht.</p><p>Andererseits funktioniert unsere Gesellschaft gerade noch so halbwegs, weil es unheimlich viele soziale Initiativen und Projekte gibt, gemeinn&#252;tzige Vereine sogar vom Staat gef&#246;rdert, Aktionen wie &#8222;Deutschland hilft&#8221; und die - wie ich finde - genialste Idee &#252;berhaupt, das &#8222;WDR-Weihnachtswunder&#8221;. Und diese Projekte gibt es, weil es Menschen gibt, die gro&#223;z&#252;gig sind und sie finanzieren. Gro&#223;z&#252;gigkeit, da wo sie m&#246;glich ist, macht nicht nur den Empfangenden gl&#252;cklich, sondern auch den Geber &#8211; mehr als die Produktflut im Internet. Das ist wissenschaftlich verbrieft. Nein, auch ich m&#246;chte nicht als S&#228;ulenheilige in der W&#252;ste enden, sondern mir schon Dinge und Aktionen g&#246;nnen, die mir wirklich Freude machen. Aber ich will mir heute von der Gro&#223;z&#252;gigkeit der Urgemeinde nochmal neu eine Scheibe abschneiden und gut &#252;berlegen, was ich wirklich brauche.</p><p>Weihnachten kommt immer so pl&#246;tzlich... Sollen wir uns als Gemeinde dieses Jahr mal mit einer coolen Aktion am WDR-Weihnachtswunder beteiligen? Was denkt ihr? Zum Beispiel: f&#252;r jedes Amen hier im Gottesdienst am Sonntag 2 Euro in die WDR &#8211; Kasse von allen, die mitmachen wollen und k&#246;nnen - ab dem zweiten Halbjahr, ab Juli? Damit h&#228;tten wir bestimmt Chancen, ins Radio zu kommen. Oder eine andere pfiffige Idee? Dann sollten wir unsere Hirne jetzt anwerfen und vielleicht in den Hauskreisen schonmal kreativ werden? Ich w&#252;rde Ideen entgegennehmen und die Aktion weitertreiben, wenn sie auf Resonanz in der Gemeinde st&#246;&#223;t. Also &#252;berlegt es euch.</p><p>Ich w&#252;nsche uns weite Herzen und weite Seelen f&#252;r unsere Geschwister in der Gemeinde und auch die Mitmenschen au&#223;erhalb, die anders ticken als wir. Ich w&#252;nsche uns allen den Mut um Hilfe zu bitten, wenn sie n&#246;tig ist und die F&#228;higkeit, sie zu geben, wenn wir gefragt sind. Und ich w&#252;nsche dir und mir die F&#228;higkeit, Gro&#223;z&#252;gigkeit und Spendenbereitschaft auch au&#223;erhalb der Gemeinde &#252;ber wenig sinnvolle materielle Dinge stellen zu k&#246;nnen.</p><p>Amen</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Danke f&#252;r&#8217;s lesen! Diese Predigt ist &#252;brigens nicht von mir. Abonniere mich um Beitr&#228;ge von mir und ggf. mehr solcher Predigten zu erhalten.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[How Open is Community?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Sermon for April 26, 2026 at Christusgemeinde Aachen]]></description><link>https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/how-open-is-community</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/how-open-is-community</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Acid Communist Aachen]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 27 Jun 2026 08:16:19 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oQuE!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F610fb601-d7ad-4c8b-9d3b-9907ef72323f_1410x530.webp" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thank you for the beautiful song. It is the confession of the singer-songwriter Manfred Siebald on the existential questions that move us all: questions of</p><ul><li><p>security,</p></li><li><p>freedom,</p></li><li><p>orientation,</p></li><li><p>meaning in life,</p></li></ul><p>which each of us seeks somewhere, which we want to anchor somewhere, locate somewhere, must locate somewhere, and ultimately will locate somewhere.</p><h2>I.</h2><p>I would like to begin today&#8217;s sermon with a police question that we know well from detective stories: Where were you on the morning of February 1, 2026? Well? Who still remembers? That was when our sermon series on the topic of congregation began:</p><ul><li><p>God and the congregation</p></li><li><p>We as congregation</p></li><li><p>I in the congregation</p></li><li><p>The congregation and its surroundings</p></li></ul><p>Today I would like to take up the topic of congregation once again, this time with a question: <strong>How open is congregation at the</strong> <strong>point of contact with the surrounding society?</strong> You will notice that I have used the word &#8220;congregation&#8221; without an article. I would like to trace the basic idea, the origin, the concept itself. The connection to our own congregation here and now then emerges quite naturally. congregation: on the one hand, there is the image of a place that radiates a great &#8220;welcome,&#8221; a great openness, an invitation to locate oneself with the questions in our Manfred Siebald song.</p><p>The opposite image, the opposite of openness, is the bubble: an area separated on all sides from its surroundings by a often paper-thin membrane. People know one another, share a common history, have a common language, and so on. A bubble includes, offers a kind of home &#8212; but a bubble also excludes in a harsh way. You either belong, or you are outside.</p><p>Many of us will have heard of milieu studies, for example the studies of the Sinus Institute, which have been carried out regularly since 2008. They ask, for example: What makes young people under 27 tick these days? But also across all age groups, across society as a whole. They deal with life worlds, everyday socio-cultures, milieus in which people come together who tick similarly and have little or nothing to do with people who tick differently.</p><p>The result is represented in such diagrams: there is a y-axis, lower/middle/upper class; it is about money, financial resources, but also educational level, possibilities of influence, etc. The x-axis divides between attitudes, from traditional on the left to openness toward the new.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oQuE!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F610fb601-d7ad-4c8b-9d3b-9907ef72323f_1410x530.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oQuE!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F610fb601-d7ad-4c8b-9d3b-9907ef72323f_1410x530.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oQuE!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F610fb601-d7ad-4c8b-9d3b-9907ef72323f_1410x530.webp 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oQuE!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F610fb601-d7ad-4c8b-9d3b-9907ef72323f_1410x530.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oQuE!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F610fb601-d7ad-4c8b-9d3b-9907ef72323f_1410x530.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oQuE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F610fb601-d7ad-4c8b-9d3b-9907ef72323f_1410x530.webp" width="1410" height="530" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/610fb601-d7ad-4c8b-9d3b-9907ef72323f_1410x530.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:530,&quot;width&quot;:1410,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:180082,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/webp&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/i/203806617?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F610fb601-d7ad-4c8b-9d3b-9907ef72323f_1410x530.webp&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oQuE!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F610fb601-d7ad-4c8b-9d3b-9907ef72323f_1410x530.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oQuE!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F610fb601-d7ad-4c8b-9d3b-9907ef72323f_1410x530.webp 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oQuE!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F610fb601-d7ad-4c8b-9d3b-9907ef72323f_1410x530.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oQuE!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F610fb601-d7ad-4c8b-9d3b-9907ef72323f_1410x530.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Such milieus, such everyday socio-cultures, do indeed tend to form bubbles. There is little permeability toward other life worlds. How difficult it is to create a welcoming structure that reaches people across the various milieus is something that clubs, associations, societies, and yes, even congregations, know all too well.</p><p>Should we therefore classify our congregation in this way?</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FEG8!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa88eb7a-e09f-4377-b8ab-287b6fb0d3c5_960x720.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FEG8!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa88eb7a-e09f-4377-b8ab-287b6fb0d3c5_960x720.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FEG8!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa88eb7a-e09f-4377-b8ab-287b6fb0d3c5_960x720.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FEG8!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa88eb7a-e09f-4377-b8ab-287b6fb0d3c5_960x720.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FEG8!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa88eb7a-e09f-4377-b8ab-287b6fb0d3c5_960x720.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FEG8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa88eb7a-e09f-4377-b8ab-287b6fb0d3c5_960x720.jpeg" width="960" height="720" 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa88eb7a-e09f-4377-b8ab-287b6fb0d3c5_960x720.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FEG8!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa88eb7a-e09f-4377-b8ab-287b6fb0d3c5_960x720.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FEG8!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa88eb7a-e09f-4377-b8ab-287b6fb0d3c5_960x720.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FEG8!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa88eb7a-e09f-4377-b8ab-287b6fb0d3c5_960x720.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2>II.</h2><p>From its origin, congregation is completely different. I begin with the event of Pentecost. &#8220;Wait a minute!&#8221; I may hear someone object. &#8220;congregation existed long before that. You&#8217;re leaving out 1,200 years of Jewish tradition!&#8221; I know. But with regard to openness, the first Christian congregation really was a turning point, a change of era.</p><p>The Christian congregation began with an enormous challenge. Suddenly several thousand people from all milieus were together: poor and rich / merchants, craftsmen, farmers / elites: council members, scholars, priests / powerless widows and slaves, people with disabilities / native-born and newcomers &#8212; later Samaritans and so-called Gentiles, all in one pot, so to speak. No one had specifically recruited or invited them; they were simply there. And this was certainly not a group of people who ticked similarly.</p><p>Did they have anything in common at all? Yes, they actually did. They had all heard Peter&#8217;s sermon: In this Jesus of Nazareth, who until now has played no special role for you &#8212; on a spectrum ranging from &#8220;kindly noted&#8221; to &#8220;ignored&#8221; to &#8220;rejected&#8221; &#8212; in this Jesus you encounter God. And your attitude toward this Jesus unerringly reveals your true attitude towards God as well &#8212; likewise ranging from &#8220;kindly noted&#8221; to &#8220;ignored&#8221; to &#8220;rejected.&#8221; That went straight to their hearts. They were shaken, frightened by themselves, and at a loss. What are we supposed to do now? And they were willing to have their lives revalued, turned upside down, and to be aligned with God in and through this Jesus. The Bible calls that &#8220;repentance.&#8221; That was the first Christian congregation.</p><p>But even so, the people in it continued to think very differently. The Book of Acts tells us very honestly how conflicts soon arose, for example between the locals and the newcomers, or between the traditionalists who kept their distance from other peoples and those who had no such reservations; especially later, when Syrians, Greeks, and Romans actually joined them.</p><p>The congregation lived in a great field of tension, in the tension between</p><ul><li><p>a shared experience, namely a personal encounter with God, a personal, life-changing experience of Christ on the one hand,</p></li><li><p>and, on the other hand, the still existing belonging to a particular milieu.</p></li></ul><p>We here today are not several thousand people. But in this respect we still have something in common with that first congregation.</p><p>How did they manage to bear these tensions back then? How did they deal with their conflicts? The answer is: through love for one another. Jesus had repeatedly urged his disciples towards this especially. John 13:34&#8211;35. Love for one another &#8212; lived practically in awareness, respect, serving one another, listening to one another, bearing, comforting, sharing. That was more of a &#8220;welcome&#8221; than any program, however well prepared. People found that highly attractive. And every day new people joined.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O4I0!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa1a8eaf3-97f9-4aa6-bb33-71c8d219fba8_699x525.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O4I0!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa1a8eaf3-97f9-4aa6-bb33-71c8d219fba8_699x525.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O4I0!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa1a8eaf3-97f9-4aa6-bb33-71c8d219fba8_699x525.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O4I0!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa1a8eaf3-97f9-4aa6-bb33-71c8d219fba8_699x525.jpeg" width="699" height="525" 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa1a8eaf3-97f9-4aa6-bb33-71c8d219fba8_699x525.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O4I0!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa1a8eaf3-97f9-4aa6-bb33-71c8d219fba8_699x525.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O4I0!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa1a8eaf3-97f9-4aa6-bb33-71c8d219fba8_699x525.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O4I0!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa1a8eaf3-97f9-4aa6-bb33-71c8d219fba8_699x525.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>The reading covered the chapter about the sheepfold and the good shepherd. If we look at the image in this way, it presents a clear inside and outside.</p><p>It is easy to misunderstand the wall around the sheepfold as a boundary between the congregation and the surrounding world. Then the congregation would indeed be some kind of bubble. Much suffering has arisen in congregation history when the wall was misunderstood in this way. Why is that a false understanding? A few arguments:</p><ul><li><p>The function of the wall is above all one thing: protection of the sheep during the night, not a boundary against other areas of life.</p></li><li><p>The idea of the wall as a boundary around a living space is nonsensical, because the sheep do not live inside the wall. They would very quickly starve there. They are led out every day. And even there, protection is guaranteed, namely through the shepherd&#8217;s presence.</p></li><li><p>In applying the image, Jesus promises the people who live under his guidance exactly what we sang earlier in Manfred Siebald&#8217;s song: security / freedom / orientation / meaning in life.</p></li><li><p>Then there is the matter of the door. Before Jesus says, &#8220;I am the good shepherd,&#8221; he says, &#8220;I am the door for the sheep.&#8221; A person who is also a door? Strange to us. But for his listeners at the time it was easy to understand. That is just how things worked in the shepherd&#8217;s trade back then.</p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aN5k!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1bfc5a83-e327-47ac-a5b6-f230f71cd0a6_960x720.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aN5k!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1bfc5a83-e327-47ac-a5b6-f230f71cd0a6_960x720.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aN5k!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1bfc5a83-e327-47ac-a5b6-f230f71cd0a6_960x720.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aN5k!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1bfc5a83-e327-47ac-a5b6-f230f71cd0a6_960x720.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aN5k!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1bfc5a83-e327-47ac-a5b6-f230f71cd0a6_960x720.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aN5k!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1bfc5a83-e327-47ac-a5b6-f230f71cd0a6_960x720.jpeg" width="960" height="720" 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1bfc5a83-e327-47ac-a5b6-f230f71cd0a6_960x720.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aN5k!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1bfc5a83-e327-47ac-a5b6-f230f71cd0a6_960x720.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aN5k!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1bfc5a83-e327-47ac-a5b6-f230f71cd0a6_960x720.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aN5k!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1bfc5a83-e327-47ac-a5b6-f230f71cd0a6_960x720.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>By way of application: the boundary of the congregation is not rules, rites, memberships, or even orthodoxy. There is only one boundary, and that is a person, a door, a welcoming door. You can see in the Gospels how Jesus deals with people. Jesus Christ himself lays his hand on the individual man, the individual woman, and says, &#8220;Do you want to be mine? Then come!&#8221; That is a process that happens in complete freedom and then affects the whole of life (like marriage).</p><p>In that, the same shared initial experience is reflected that we already encountered in the very first congregation.</p><h2>III.</h2><p>I must, in closing, once again speak about the tension in which the congregation still lives today: there is, on the one hand, the shared experience of encountering Christ, and on the other hand belonging to very different milieus. How is this tension borne <strong>today</strong>? Just as it was then: through love for one another. John 13:34&#8211;35.</p><p>But now we must look very carefully. For if we understand this word about love for one another as merely a command addressed to us, then it becomes a demand without the means to fulfill it. We may fully agree with it, but we still do not manage to translate it into lived reality. After all, we still live entirely in our earthly dimension, sociologically, psychologically, ecologically; we are, quite literally, &#8220;in the world.&#8221;</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ub1R!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7087a7d3-c055-4cba-9b4c-57a76497c04f_960x720.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ub1R!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7087a7d3-c055-4cba-9b4c-57a76497c04f_960x720.jpeg 424w, 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7087a7d3-c055-4cba-9b4c-57a76497c04f_960x720.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ub1R!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7087a7d3-c055-4cba-9b4c-57a76497c04f_960x720.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ub1R!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7087a7d3-c055-4cba-9b4c-57a76497c04f_960x720.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ub1R!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7087a7d3-c055-4cba-9b4c-57a76497c04f_960x720.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" 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y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>(Two-dimensional beings who know only the plane of paper cannot get out of their realm; for them the circle is a real, hard boundary.) Bonhoeffer put it like this: <strong>Our own paths always lead us in a circle back to ourselves.</strong></p><p>If one can step out of the plane of paper, then leaving the circle is easy. So one needs a new dimension of life, and that can only be given to us. In the image of the two-dimensional beings: what is completely impossible in two dimensions becomes possible only when a new dimension is granted.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uL8m!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2310a3e-0f54-4b02-bfe0-70d4501672c2_960x720.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uL8m!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2310a3e-0f54-4b02-bfe0-70d4501672c2_960x720.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uL8m!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2310a3e-0f54-4b02-bfe0-70d4501672c2_960x720.webp 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uL8m!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2310a3e-0f54-4b02-bfe0-70d4501672c2_960x720.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uL8m!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2310a3e-0f54-4b02-bfe0-70d4501672c2_960x720.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uL8m!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2310a3e-0f54-4b02-bfe0-70d4501672c2_960x720.webp" width="960" height="720" 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2310a3e-0f54-4b02-bfe0-70d4501672c2_960x720.webp 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uL8m!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2310a3e-0f54-4b02-bfe0-70d4501672c2_960x720.webp 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uL8m!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2310a3e-0f54-4b02-bfe0-70d4501672c2_960x720.webp 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uL8m!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb2310a3e-0f54-4b02-bfe0-70d4501672c2_960x720.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>So do milieus, everyday socio-cultures, still matter in a real congregation? On the one hand: <strong>yes</strong>. We are still entirely <em><strong>in</strong></em> the world. And at the same time &#8212; perhaps quite illogically &#8212; <strong>no</strong>. We have been given a new dimension. We are no longer <em><strong>of</strong></em> the world, and that relativizes our milieu boundaries, both inwardly and outwardly.</p><p>The key is love for one another. I would like to quote a line from an old hymn. The hymn uses the language of 18th-century Pietism, and it may sound cheesy and sentimental to our modern ears. Nevertheless, I ask you to filter out the core message:</p><p><em>Heart and heart, united together</em><br><em>seek rest in God&#8217;s heart</em><br><em>Let the flames of your love</em><br><em>burn toward the Savior.</em></p><p>The core message is this: we are not primarily called to direct our love toward one another. It does not say, &#8220;Let the flames of your love burn toward one another.&#8221; It is almost a geometrical truth: the closer each one of us draws near to Jesus, the more we draw near to one another as well; the less our milieus, even our bubbles, matter; and love for one another happens as a consequence, without moral effort. The biblical expression for that is: fruit.</p><p>That is attractive. That makes people want to belong. And that is ultimately the effective access to the topic of openness and a welcoming culture in a congregation, which we must not lose sight of, despite all good programs.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! This sermon isn&#8217;t mine btw. Subscribe for free to receive posts from me and perhaps more of these sermons.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Wie offen ist Gemeinde?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Predigt zum 26.04.2026 in der Christusgemeinde Aachen]]></description><link>https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/wie-offen-ist-gemeinde</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/wie-offen-ist-gemeinde</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Acid Communist Aachen]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 27 Jun 2026 08:15:37 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GUvY!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff86e60d0-9d1b-463d-baf2-a82d242e8774_1410x530.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Danke f&#252;r das sch&#246;ne Lied. Es ist das Bekenntnis des Liedermachers Manfred Siebald auf Lebensfragen, die uns alle bewegen, Lebensfragen nach</p><ul><li><p>Sicherheit,</p></li><li><p>Freiheit,</p></li><li><p>Orientierung,</p></li><li><p>Lebenssinn,</p></li></ul><p>die wir, jede und jeder, irgendwo suchen, die wir irgendwo festmachen, verorten wollen, verorten m&#252;ssen und letztlich auch verorten werden.</p><h1>I.</h1><p>Ich m&#246;chte die heutige Predigt aber mit einer Polizei-Frage beginnen, die wir gut aus der Welt der Krimis kennen: Wo waren Sie am Vormittag des 1. Februar 2026? Nun? Wer erinnert sich noch? Da begann unsere Predigtserie zum Thema Gemeinde:</p><ul><li><p>Gott und die Gemeinde</p></li><li><p>Wir als Gemeinde</p></li><li><p>Ich in der Gemeinde</p></li><li><p>Die Gemeinde und ihr Umfeld</p></li></ul><p>Heute m&#246;chte ich das Thema Gemeinde noch einmal aufgreifen, und zwar mit einer Frage: <strong>Wie offen ist Gemeinde an der</strong> <strong>Ber&#252;hrungsfl&#228;che zur umgebenden Gesellschaft?</strong> Ihr merkt schon, ich habe das Wort &#8222;Gemeinde&#8221; ohne Artikel gebraucht. Ich m&#246;chte n&#228;mlich gerne dem Grundgedanken, dem Ursprung, dem Konzept nachsp&#252;ren. Der Zusammenhang zu unserer eigenen Gemeinde hier und jetzt ergibt sich dann daraus ganz von selbst. Gemeinde: Da ist zum einen das Bild eines Ortes, der ein gro&#223;es &#8222;Willkommen&#8221; ausstrahlt, eine gro&#223;e Offenheit, die Einladung, sich mit den Fragen unseres Manfred-Siebald-Liedes zu verorten.</p><p>Das gegenteilige Bild, das Gegenteil von Offenheit (wie sagt man heute doch?) ist die Bubble: ein Bereich, der allseits durch eine oft hauchd&#252;nne H&#252;lle von der Umgebung abgetrennt ist. Man kennt sich, teilt eine gemeinsame Geschichte, hat eine gemeinsame Sprache usw. Eine Bubble schlie&#223;t ein, bietet gewisserma&#223;en eine Heimat &#8211; eine Bubble schlie&#223;t aber auch knallhart aus. Man geh&#246;rt entweder dazu oder man ist drau&#223;en.</p><p>Viele von uns werden von den Milieustudien geh&#246;rt haben, etwa den Studien des Sinus- Instituts, die seit 2008 regelm&#228;&#223;ig durchgef&#252;hrt werden. Da geht es z.B. um die Untersuchung: Wie ticken die jungen Menschen U27 heute? Aber auch quer durch alle Altersgruppen, durch die ganze Gesellschaft. Es geht um Lebenswelten, Alltags-Sozio- Kulturen, Milieus, in denen sich eben Menschen zusammenfinden, die &#228;hnlich ticken, und die wenig bis gar nichts mit Menschen zu tun haben, die anders ticken.</p><p>Das Ergebnis wird in solchen Diagrammen dargestellt: Da gibt es ein Y-Achse, Unter- / Mittel- / Oberschicht; da geht es ums Geld, die finanzielle Ausstattung, aber auch das Bildungsniveau, die Einflussm&#246;glichkeiten, etc.. Die X-Achse teil nach Einstellungen traditionell (links) bis Aufbruch zu Neuem ein.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GUvY!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff86e60d0-9d1b-463d-baf2-a82d242e8774_1410x530.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GUvY!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff86e60d0-9d1b-463d-baf2-a82d242e8774_1410x530.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GUvY!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff86e60d0-9d1b-463d-baf2-a82d242e8774_1410x530.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GUvY!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff86e60d0-9d1b-463d-baf2-a82d242e8774_1410x530.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GUvY!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff86e60d0-9d1b-463d-baf2-a82d242e8774_1410x530.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GUvY!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff86e60d0-9d1b-463d-baf2-a82d242e8774_1410x530.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Solche Milieus, solche Alltags-Sozio-Kulturen, haben tats&#228;chlich die Tendenz, Bubbles zu bilden. Wenig Durchl&#228;ssigkeit zu anderen Lebenswelten. Wie schwer es ist, eine Willkommensstruktur zu verwirklichen, die Menschen quer zu den verschiedenen Milieus erreicht, davon wissen Vereine, Verb&#228;nde, Gesellschaften, ja, und auch Kirchengemeinden, ein Lied zu singen.</p><p>M&#252;ssen wir unsere Gemeinde daher etwa so einordnen?</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!p_8e!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F066cce09-8ede-4875-9a60-3cfa392580fc_960x720.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!p_8e!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F066cce09-8ede-4875-9a60-3cfa392580fc_960x720.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!p_8e!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F066cce09-8ede-4875-9a60-3cfa392580fc_960x720.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!p_8e!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F066cce09-8ede-4875-9a60-3cfa392580fc_960x720.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!p_8e!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F066cce09-8ede-4875-9a60-3cfa392580fc_960x720.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!p_8e!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F066cce09-8ede-4875-9a60-3cfa392580fc_960x720.png" width="960" height="720" 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F066cce09-8ede-4875-9a60-3cfa392580fc_960x720.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!p_8e!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F066cce09-8ede-4875-9a60-3cfa392580fc_960x720.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!p_8e!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F066cce09-8ede-4875-9a60-3cfa392580fc_960x720.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!p_8e!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F066cce09-8ede-4875-9a60-3cfa392580fc_960x720.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h1>II.</h1><p>Vom Ursprung her ist Gemeinde v&#246;llig anders. Ich fange da beim Pfingstereignis an. &#8222;Moooment mal!&#8221; h&#246;re ich da vielleicht einen Einspruch. &#8222;Gemeinde gab es schon viel fr&#252;her. Du l&#228;sst ja 1200 Jahre j&#252;dische Tradition weg!&#8221; Ich wei&#223;. Aber bzgl. Offenheit war die erste Gemeinde der Christen tats&#228;chlich ein Einschnitt, eine Zeitenwende.</p><p>Die christliche Gemeinde begann n&#228;mlich mit einer riesengro&#223;en Zumutung. Da waren pl&#246;tzlich mehrere 1000 Menschen aus allen Milieus zusammen: Da waren Arme und Reiche / H&#228;ndler, Handwerker, Bauern / Eliten: Ratsherren, Gelehrte, Priester / rechtlose Witwen und Sklaven, Menschen mit Einschr&#228;nkung / ethnisch Eingeborene und Zugereiste &#8211; sp&#228;ter Samariter und sog. Heiden, alle sozusagen in einem Topf. Keiner hatte sie gezielt beworben oder eingeladen; sie waren einfach da. Und das war ganz gewiss keine Formation von Leuten, die &#228;hnlich tickten.</p><p>Hatten die denn &#252;berhaupt etwas gemeinsam? Ja, das hatten sie tats&#228;chlich. Sie alle hatten die Predigt des Petrus geh&#246;rt:</p><p>In diesem Jesus von Nazareth, der f&#252;r euch bisher keine besondere Rolle gespielt hat &#8211; in einem Spektrum, das von &#8222;wohlwollend zur Kenntnis nehmen&#8221; &#252;ber &#8222;ignorieren&#8221; bis zu &#8222;ablehnen&#8221; reichte, ... in diesem Jesus begegnet euch Gott. Und eure Haltung zu diesem Jesus deckt unbestechlich auf, wie ihr zu Gott wirklich steht &#8211; ebenfalls von &#8222;wohlwollend zur Kenntnis nehmen&#8221; &#252;ber &#8222;ignorieren&#8221; bis zu &#8222;ablehnen&#8221;. Das war ihnen durchs Herz gegangen. Sie waren betroffen, &#252;ber sich selber erschrocken und ratlos. Was sollen wir denn jetzt tun? Und sie waren bereit, ihr Leben umwerten, auf den Kopf stellen zu lassen und in und mit diesem Jesus auf Gott ausrichten zu lassen. Die Bibel nennt das &#8222;Bu&#223;e&#8221;. So war sie, die erste Gemeinde der Christen.</p><p>Aber dennoch tickten die Menschen darin nach wie vor sehr unterschiedlich. In der Apostel- geschichte wird uns ganz ehrlich davon berichten, wie schon bald Konflikte auftraten, etwa zwischen den Ortsans&#228;ssigen und den Zugereisten, oder zwischen den Traditionellen, die sich von den anderen V&#246;lkern abgrenzten, und denen, die da keine Ber&#252;hrungs&#228;ngste hatten; ganz besonders, als dann tats&#228;chlich Syrer, Griechen, R&#246;mer dazukamen.</p><p>Die Gemeinde lebte in einem gro&#223;en Spannungsfeld, im Spannungsfeld zwischen</p><ul><li><p>einer allen gemeinsamen Erfahrung, n&#228;mlich einer pers&#246;nlichen Gottesbegegnung, einer pers&#246;nlichen, lebensver&#228;ndernden Christuserfahrung einerseits</p></li><li><p>und der nach wie vor vorhandenen Zugeh&#246;rigkeit zu einem bestimmten Milieu andererseits.</p></li></ul><p>Wir sind hier und heute zwar keine mehrere 1000 Leute. Aber das teilen wir bis heute mit dieser ersten Gemeinde.</p><p>Wie haben sie das damals geschafft, die Spannungen auszuhalten? Wie haben sie ihre Konflikte bew&#228;ltigt? Die Antwort ist: Durch Liebe untereinander. Jesus hatte das seinen J&#252;ngern immer wieder besonders ans Herz gelegt. Joh. 13,34+35. Liebe untereinander &#8211; ganz praktisch gelebt, in Achtsamkeit, Respekt, Einander-Dienen, Einander-Zuh&#246;ren, Tragen, Tr&#246;sten, Teilen. Das war mehr &#8222;Willkommen&#8221; als jedes noch so gut aufgelegte Programm. Die Menschen fanden das total attraktiv. Und t&#228;glich kamen Neue hinzu.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0Yfm!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3a605701-3e40-48b9-b24b-02f06264e342_699x525.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0Yfm!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3a605701-3e40-48b9-b24b-02f06264e342_699x525.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0Yfm!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3a605701-3e40-48b9-b24b-02f06264e342_699x525.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0Yfm!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3a605701-3e40-48b9-b24b-02f06264e342_699x525.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0Yfm!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3a605701-3e40-48b9-b24b-02f06264e342_699x525.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0Yfm!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3a605701-3e40-48b9-b24b-02f06264e342_699x525.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>In der Lesung wurde das Kapitel vom Schafstall und dem guten Hirten vorgelesen. Wenn wir das Bild so ansehen, dann wird hier ein klares Drinnen und Drau&#223;en dargestellt.</p><p>Man kann die Mauer um den Schafstall leicht missverstehen als eine Grenze zwischen der Gemeinde und der umgebenden Welt. Dann w&#228;re die Gemeinde eben doch eine Art Bubble. Viel Leid ist in der Kirchengeschichte dadurch entstanden, wenn die Mauer so miss- verstanden wurde. Warum ist das ein falsches Verst&#228;ndnis? Ein paar Argumente:</p><ul><li><p>Die Funktion der Mauer ist vor allem eines: Schutz der Schafe w&#228;hrend der Nacht, nicht Grenze zu anderen Lebensbereichen.</p></li><li><p>Die Idee der Mauer als Grenze um einen Lebensraum ist unsinnig, denn die Schafe leben nicht innerhalb der Mauer. Sie w&#252;rden dort sehr rasch verhungern. Sie werden t&#228;glich herausgef&#252;hrt. Und auch dort wird der Schutz garantiert, n&#228;mlich durch die Gegenwart des Hirten.</p></li><li><p>In der &#220;bertragung des Bildes sagt Jesus den Menschen, die unter seiner F&#252;hrung leben, genau das zu, was wir vorhin in dem Lied von Manfred Siebald gesungen haben: Sicherheit / Freiheit / Orientierung / Lebenssinn.</p></li><li><p>Da ist die Sache mit der T&#252;r. Bevor Jesus sagt: &#8222;Ich bin der gute Hirte&#8221;, sagt er ja &#8222;ich bin die T&#252;r zu den Schafen&#8221;. Eine Person, die zugleich eine T&#252;r ist? F&#252;r uns eigenartig. F&#252;r die damaligen Zuh&#246;rer aber war das leicht zu verstehen. So ging es eben damals im Hirtenberuf zu.</p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BC1V!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa45b81e0-c5c2-4fa2-a49b-318dbfa98d60_960x720.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BC1V!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa45b81e0-c5c2-4fa2-a49b-318dbfa98d60_960x720.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BC1V!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa45b81e0-c5c2-4fa2-a49b-318dbfa98d60_960x720.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BC1V!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa45b81e0-c5c2-4fa2-a49b-318dbfa98d60_960x720.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BC1V!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa45b81e0-c5c2-4fa2-a49b-318dbfa98d60_960x720.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BC1V!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa45b81e0-c5c2-4fa2-a49b-318dbfa98d60_960x720.png" width="960" height="720" 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa45b81e0-c5c2-4fa2-a49b-318dbfa98d60_960x720.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BC1V!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa45b81e0-c5c2-4fa2-a49b-318dbfa98d60_960x720.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BC1V!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa45b81e0-c5c2-4fa2-a49b-318dbfa98d60_960x720.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BC1V!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa45b81e0-c5c2-4fa2-a49b-318dbfa98d60_960x720.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>In &#220;bertragung: Die Grenze der Gemeinde sind nicht Regeln, Riten, Mitgliedschaften, ja nicht einmal Rechtgl&#228;ubigkeit. Es gibt eine einzige Grenze, und das ist eine Person, eine T&#252;r, eine Willkommenst&#252;r. Man sieht es ja in den Evangelien, wie Jesus mit Menschen umgeht. Jesus Christus selber legt seine Hand auf den Einzelnen, die Einzelne, und sagt &#8222;Willst du mein Eigentum sein? Dann komm!&#8221; Das ist ein Vorgang, der in v&#246;lliger Freiheit geschieht und der dann das ganze Leben betrifft. {wie Eheschlie&#223;ung}.</p><p>Da spiegelt sich dieselbe gemeinsame Anfangserfahrung wider, die uns eben schon bei der allerersten Gemeinde begegnet ist.</p><h1>III.</h1><p>Ich muss zu Schluss noch einmal auf die Spannung zu sprechen kommen, in der die Gemeinde bis heute lebt: Da ist die allen gemeinsame Erfahrung der Christusbegegnung einerseits, und die Zugeh&#246;rigkeit zu ganz unterschiedlichen Milieus andererseits. Wie wird diese Spannung <strong>heute</strong> ausgehalten? Genauso wie damals: Durch Liebe untereinander. Joh. 13,34+35.</p><p>Da m&#252;ssen wir nun aber sehr sorgf&#228;ltig hinschauen. Denn wenn wir dieses Wort von der Liebe untereinander als ein blo&#223;es Gebot an uns verstehen, dann ist das eine Forderung ohne ihre Erm&#246;glichung. Wir stimmen dem dann zwar ganz und gar zu, aber wir schaffen es nicht, das auch in die Lebensrealit&#228;t umzusetzen. Wir leben eben nach wir vor ganz in unserer diesseitigen Lebensdimension, soziologisch, psychologisch, &#246;kologisch; wir sind eben mit Haut und Haar &#8222;in der Welt&#8221;.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mPnJ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff34b57cd-c6ce-4b6d-992c-b686adcb50bb_960x720.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mPnJ!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff34b57cd-c6ce-4b6d-992c-b686adcb50bb_960x720.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mPnJ!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff34b57cd-c6ce-4b6d-992c-b686adcb50bb_960x720.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mPnJ!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff34b57cd-c6ce-4b6d-992c-b686adcb50bb_960x720.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mPnJ!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff34b57cd-c6ce-4b6d-992c-b686adcb50bb_960x720.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mPnJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff34b57cd-c6ce-4b6d-992c-b686adcb50bb_960x720.png" width="960" height="720" 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff34b57cd-c6ce-4b6d-992c-b686adcb50bb_960x720.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mPnJ!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff34b57cd-c6ce-4b6d-992c-b686adcb50bb_960x720.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mPnJ!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff34b57cd-c6ce-4b6d-992c-b686adcb50bb_960x720.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mPnJ!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff34b57cd-c6ce-4b6d-992c-b686adcb50bb_960x720.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" 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y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>(Zwei-dimensionale Wesen, die nur die Papierebene kennen, kommen aus ihrem Bereich nicht heraus; da ist der Kreis eine echte, harte Grenze). Bonhoeffer hat es so formuliert: <strong>Die eigenen Wege f&#252;hren im Kreis immer zu uns selbst zur&#252;ck.</strong></p><p>Wenn man aus der Papierebene hinaustreten kann, dann ist das Verlassen des Kreises ganz einfach. Man braucht also eine neue Lebensdimension, und die kann uns nur geschenkt werden. Im Bild von den zweidimensionalen Wesen: Was in zwei Dimensionen ganz unm&#246;glich ist, das ist erst bei einer geschenkten neuen Dimension m&#246;glich.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dUbA!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F64992ede-db1a-4fd2-a5c5-ba4d7e6a0709_960x720.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dUbA!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F64992ede-db1a-4fd2-a5c5-ba4d7e6a0709_960x720.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dUbA!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F64992ede-db1a-4fd2-a5c5-ba4d7e6a0709_960x720.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dUbA!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F64992ede-db1a-4fd2-a5c5-ba4d7e6a0709_960x720.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dUbA!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F64992ede-db1a-4fd2-a5c5-ba4d7e6a0709_960x720.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dUbA!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F64992ede-db1a-4fd2-a5c5-ba4d7e6a0709_960x720.png" width="960" height="720" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/64992ede-db1a-4fd2-a5c5-ba4d7e6a0709_960x720.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:720,&quot;width&quot;:960,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:308481,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/i/202259669?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F64992ede-db1a-4fd2-a5c5-ba4d7e6a0709_960x720.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dUbA!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F64992ede-db1a-4fd2-a5c5-ba4d7e6a0709_960x720.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dUbA!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F64992ede-db1a-4fd2-a5c5-ba4d7e6a0709_960x720.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dUbA!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F64992ede-db1a-4fd2-a5c5-ba4d7e6a0709_960x720.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dUbA!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F64992ede-db1a-4fd2-a5c5-ba4d7e6a0709_960x720.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Spielen in einer realen Gemeinde also die Milieus, die Alltags-Sozio-Kultur eine Rolle? Zum einen: <strong>Ja</strong>. Wir sind immer noch ganz und gar <em><strong>in</strong></em> der Welt. Und zugleich (vielleicht ganz unlogisch): <strong>Nein</strong>. Uns ist eine neue Dimension geschenkt. Wir sind nicht mehr <em><strong>von</strong></em> der Welt, und das relativiert unsere Milieugrenze, innerhalb und nach au&#223;en.</p><p>Der Schl&#252;ssel ist die Liebe untereinander. Ich m&#246;chte dazu eine Zeile aus einem alten Lied zitieren. Das Lied gebraucht die Sprache des Pietismus des 18. Jahrhunderts, und es mag unseren heutigen Ohren s&#252;&#223;lich und kitschig vorkommen. Ich bitte euch, dennoch die Kernaussage herauszufiltern:</p><div class="preformatted-block" data-component-name="PreformattedTextBlockToDOM"><label class="hide-text" contenteditable="false">Text within this block will maintain its original spacing when published</label><pre class="text"><em>Herz und Herz, vereint zusammen</em>
<em>sucht in Gottes Herzen Ruh.</em>
<em>Lasset eure Liebesflammen</em>
<em>lodern auf den Heiland zu.</em></pre></div><p>Die Kernaussage ist doch diese: Wir sind gar nicht prim&#228;r dazu aufgefordert, unsere Liebe aufeinander auszurichten. Es hei&#223;t eben nicht: &#8222;Lasset eure Liebesflammen lodern aufeinander zu&#8221;. Es ist eine schon fast geometrische Wahrheit: Je n&#228;her wir, jede(r) Einzelne, an Jesus heranr&#252;cken, desto mehr r&#252;cken wir auch einander n&#228;her, desto weniger spielen unsere Milieus, sogar unsere Bubbles, eine Rolle, und die Liebe untereinander geschieht als Folge, ohne moralische Anstrengung. Der biblische Ausdruck daf&#252;r ist: Frucht.</p><p>Das ist attraktiv. Da m&#246;chte man dann dazugeh&#246;ren. Und das ist letztlich der wirkm&#228;chtige Zugang zum Thema Offenheit und Willkommenskultur einer Gemeinde, den wir bei aller guten Planung, bei allen guten Programmen nicht aus den Augen verlieren d&#252;rfen.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Danke f&#252;rs Lesen! Diese Predigt ist &#252;brigens nicht von mir. Abonniere mich um meine eigenen Beitr&#228;ge und ggf. weitere solcher Predigten zu erhalten.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Aktivismus und Mutualismus]]></title><description><![CDATA[Die &#214;konomie linker Gruppen]]></description><link>https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/aktivismus-und-mutualismus</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/aktivismus-und-mutualismus</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Acid Communist Aachen]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 21 Jun 2026 10:42:51 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/016a55bd-fc1b-4adb-96c7-2c8cbd513734_1201x630.webp" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hast du dich schon einmal gefragt: Wo sind eigentlich die Altlinken geblieben, die in vergangenen Jahrzehnten politische Bewegungen getragen haben? Haben sie sich etwa mit den herrschenden Verh&#228;ltnissen abgefunden? Ich denke nicht. Vielmehr liegt die Vermutung nahe, dass sie schlicht nicht mehr die Zeit und Energie haben, um sich aktiv in linksradikalen Gruppen zu engagieren. Das Problem ist nicht ein Mangel an Idealen, sondern ein strukturelles Defizit innerhalb der Bewegungen selbst.</p><h3>Linke Gruppen als Verlustgesch&#228;fte</h3><p>Viele linksradikale Gruppen fordern von ihren Mitgliedern mehr, als sie zur&#252;ckgeben. Was Einzelne an Zeit, Energie und emotionaler Belastbarkeit in die Gruppen investieren, steht oft in keinem Verh&#228;ltnis zu dem, was sie daraus mitnehmen k&#246;nnen. Damit wird die Teilnahme an solchen Gruppen zu einem Privileg, das nur jenen offensteht, die &#252;ber die entsprechenden Ressourcen verf&#252;gen. Es entsteht eine Dynamik, in der Menschen mit wenig Kapazit&#228;t oder hoher Belastung ausgeschlossen bleiben.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p>Diese Problematik ist zentral, denn sie schafft eine Distanz zwischen den Gruppen und der breiten Bev&#246;lkerung. Gruppen, die so operieren, bezeichne ich als &#8220;aktivistisch&#8221;. Sie basieren auf einem Modell, das gro&#223;en Einsatz verlangt, aber kaum Spielraum f&#252;r jene l&#228;sst, die nur begrenzt beitragen k&#246;nnen, weil sie mit dem Kampf ums &#220;berleben bereits ausgelastet sind.</p><p>Das Problem dieser aktivistischen Gruppen ist, dass sie keine gegenseitige Hilfe d.h. Mutualismus darstellen. Mutualismus w&#252;rde bedeuten, dass alle Beteiligten von der Zusammenarbeit profitieren. Doch faktisch bleibt dieser Nutzen f&#252;r die Mitglieder der meisten Gruppen aus. Stattdessen entsteht eine Asymmetrie: Die Gruppe opfert sich auf, ohne dass ihre Hingabe in irgendeiner Weise ausgeglichen wird.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L8hw!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F265d9d6b-14ce-4989-bc96-5920b4d2af92_1366x571.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L8hw!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F265d9d6b-14ce-4989-bc96-5920b4d2af92_1366x571.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L8hw!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F265d9d6b-14ce-4989-bc96-5920b4d2af92_1366x571.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L8hw!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F265d9d6b-14ce-4989-bc96-5920b4d2af92_1366x571.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L8hw!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F265d9d6b-14ce-4989-bc96-5920b4d2af92_1366x571.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L8hw!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F265d9d6b-14ce-4989-bc96-5920b4d2af92_1366x571.png" width="1366" height="571" 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F265d9d6b-14ce-4989-bc96-5920b4d2af92_1366x571.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L8hw!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F265d9d6b-14ce-4989-bc96-5920b4d2af92_1366x571.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L8hw!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F265d9d6b-14ce-4989-bc96-5920b4d2af92_1366x571.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L8hw!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F265d9d6b-14ce-4989-bc96-5920b4d2af92_1366x571.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Zwar k&#246;nnten diese Gruppen durch ihre Wechselwirkung mit der Umwelt zu mutualistischen Strukturen werden, aber das setzt voraus, dass ihre selbstlose Hingabe erwidert wird. In der Praxis geschieht dies jedoch selten. Die von solchen Gruppen bereitgestellten Dienste entlasten ihre Empf&#228;nger*innen nicht in einem Ma&#223;, das sie selbst zu weiterer Unterst&#252;tzung bef&#228;higen w&#252;rde. Das Ungleichgewicht bleibt bestehen.</p><p>Ich behaupte: Wenn linke Bewegungen wirklich in der breiten Bev&#246;lkerung verankert sein wollen, m&#252;ssen ihre Strukturen mutualistisch werden. Organisationen m&#252;ssen ihren Mitgliedern mehr Nutzen bringen, als sie kosten. Erst dann wird eine nachhaltige Beteiligung m&#246;glich, die &#252;ber den engen Kreis von Privilegierten hinausgeht.</p><p>Das Problem liegt im Aufbau solcher Organisationen. Der initiale Aufwand ist enorm &#8211; oft um ein Vielfaches gr&#246;&#223;er als die sp&#228;tere Aufrechterhaltung. Dieser Umstand erschwert es weniger privilegierten Personen, die auf mutualistische Strukturen angewiesen w&#228;ren, solche Organisationen aus eigener Kraft zu gr&#252;nden.</p><h3>Indirekte Aktion als Strategie</h3><p>Hier kommt die aktivistische Linke ins Spiel. Ich bin der Meinung, dass freie Kapazit&#228;ten viel st&#228;rker in den Aufbau zuk&#252;nftig mutualistischer Organisationen flie&#223;en sollten. Der Leitgedanke, den ich vorschlage, lautet &#8220;Indirekte Aktion&#8221;. Statt einzelne Tropfen auf den hei&#223;en Stein zu setzen, sollten Aktivist*innen darauf abzielen, anderen den Weg zu bereiten. Der Fokus muss darauf liegen, Strukturen zu schaffen, die langfristig tragf&#228;hig und inklusiv sind. Nur so kann die radikale Linke ihre Ideen in der Gesellschaft verankern und eine breite Basis mobilisieren. Indirekte Aktion &#8211; das Schaffen von M&#246;glichkeiten f&#252;r andere &#8211; ist der Schl&#252;ssel zu einer inklusiven und wachstumsf&#228;higen Bewegung.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h3>Weiterf&#252;hrend</h3><ul><li><p>Unbeabsichtigte Folgen kollektiven Handelns, Franz Heuholz 2024</p></li><li><p>Timenergy: Why You Have No Time or Energy, David McKerracher 2023</p></li><li><p>Gegenseitige Hilfe in der Tier- und Menschenwelt, Peter Kropotkin 1902</p></li></ul>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Pride (2014): Ein Linkes Meisterwerk]]></title><description><![CDATA[Materielle Bedingungen f&#252;r progressive Zwecke nutzbar machen]]></description><link>https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/pride-2014-ein-linkes-meisterwerk</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/pride-2014-ein-linkes-meisterwerk</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Acid Communist Aachen]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 07 Jun 2026 14:10:16 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/7823bcad-b17f-4f28-95e6-9b3cc6e4cc56_1774x931.webp" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Pride</em> erz&#228;hlt die wahre Geschichte von <em>Lesbians and Gays Support the Miners</em> (LGSM), einer Organisation, die w&#228;hrend des britischen Bergarbeiterstreiks 1984&#8211;1985 streikende Bergbaugemeinden unterst&#252;tzte. Mehr noch: Der Film liefert Lektionen, die die Linke heute mehr denn je h&#246;ren muss.</p><p>Betrachten wir die folgende Szene, in der der Aktivist f&#252;r Schwulenrechte (und Vorstand der <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain">CPGB</a>-Jugend) Mark Ashton die Gr&#252;ndung von LGSM im schwulen Buchladen und Gemeindezentrum <em>Gay&#8217;s the Word</em> vorschl&#228;gt.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!30DR!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe30efd82-5527-4e6f-bcc1-3f87f93fdc08_1920x808.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!30DR!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe30efd82-5527-4e6f-bcc1-3f87f93fdc08_1920x808.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!30DR!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe30efd82-5527-4e6f-bcc1-3f87f93fdc08_1920x808.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" 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y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><blockquote><p>MARK: Bilde ich mir das nur ein, oder wird die Polizei weich? Es ist komisch. In letzter Zeit h&#228;ngen sie nicht mehr vor unseren Clubs rum. Was hat das zu bedeuten? Glaubt ihr, sie haben endlich genug von all dem Donna-Summer-Zeug? Meine Vermutung ist, dass sie woanders hingegangen sind. Um sich jemand anderen vorzukn&#246;pfen. Meine Vermutung ist: W&#228;hrend wir eine vor&#252;bergehende Atempause genie&#223;en, sind sie dort. Und verpassen diesen armen Schweinen die Schei&#223;e, die normalerweise wir abkriegen. Diese Bergbaugemeinden werden jetzt genauso schikaniert wie wir. Stimmt&#8217;s? Schikaniert von der Polizei. Schikaniert von der Presse. Schikaniert von der Regierung.</p><p>TEILNEHMER 1: Braucht einer von denen eine Umarmung?</p><p>MARK: Nein. Was sie brauchen, ist Bargeld, und zwar dringend.</p><p>TEILNEHMER 2: Ja, genau, weil die Bergarbeiter uns ja auch schon immer zu Hilfe gekommen sind, oder?</p><p>MARK: Willst du mich verarschen?</p><p>MIKE: Warum reden wir nicht &#252;ber das Heute?</p><p>MARK: Heute haben wir mit nur ein paar Eimern fast 200 Pfund gesammelt. &#220;berlegt mal, was wir erreichen k&#246;nnten, wenn wir uns richtig anstrengen w&#252;rden.</p><p>TEILNEHMER 3: Ich komme aus Durham.</p><p>MARK: Na, dann wei&#223;t du ja genau, wovon wir reden.</p><p>TEILNEHMER 3: Ich wei&#223;, dass diese Wichser mich jeden Morgen auf dem Schulweg und jeden Abend auf dem Heimweg zusammengeschlagen haben.</p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hdAZ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8eaddfe1-90cd-4dd5-a694-41d3ea42db22_1920x808.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hdAZ!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8eaddfe1-90cd-4dd5-a694-41d3ea42db22_1920x808.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hdAZ!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, 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y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>An diesem Punkt verlassen der Sprecher und ein weiterer Teilnehmer schweigend den Laden, w&#228;hrend die anderen die Gruppe gr&#252;nden.</p><p>Angenommen, ein solcher Vorschlag w&#252;rde heute gemacht &#8211; glaubst Du, es w&#252;rde so gut laufen? Ich denke nicht, denn der &#8220;Wokeismus&#8221; dominiert die moderne Politik von links bis rechts. Mit &#8220;Wokeismus&#8221; meine ich die politische Praxis, strikte <em>Freund-Feind-Unterscheidungen</em> entlang Linien der moralischen Einstellung zu ziehen. Ein durchschnittlicher, d. h. &#8220;woker&#8221; Aktivist w&#252;rde es heute nicht dabei beruhen lassen, seine pers&#246;nliche Unf&#228;higkeit zu erkl&#228;ren, mit Menschen zusammenzuarbeiten, die ihm in der Vergangenheit aufgrund ihrer konservativen &#220;berzeugungen geschadet haben. Vielmehr w&#252;rde er diese Menschen als <em>Feinde</em> markieren &#8211; im Sinne einer Verweigerung jeglicher Unterst&#252;tzung und Ablehnung jeglicher Kooperation. Folglich w&#228;re LGSM f&#252;r ihn nicht nur ein Projekt, zu dem er pers&#246;nlich nichts beitragen kann, sondern ein sch&#228;dliches Projekt, das gestoppt werden muss. Hier w&#252;rde LGSM wahrscheinlich sterben, wenn es heute vorgeschlagen w&#252;rde.</p><p>Aber die Mitglieder von LGSM betrachteten Konservative nicht als ihre &#8220;Feinde&#8221; au&#223;er in dem Sinne, dass sie gegens&#228;tzliche Ansichten zu Schwulenrechten hatten. Moralisch gesehen hassten sie die <em>S&#252;nde</em> der Homophobie, nicht den <em>S&#252;nder</em>, also den Homophoben. Pragmatisch gesehen wussten sie, dass das Vorenthalten von Unterst&#252;tzung und die Ablehnung der Zusammenarbeit mit Konservativen im Allgemeinen nicht die optimale politische Strategie ist. Etwas kontraintuitiv ist die Unterst&#252;tzung von bed&#252;rftigen Konservativen tats&#228;chlich <strong>eine der besten</strong> politischen Strategien, um progressive Ziele voranzutreiben.</p><p>LGSM gelang es, den Widerspruch zwischen dem materiellen Unterst&#252;tzungsbedarf der Bergarbeiter und ihrer (teilweisen) moralischen Verurteilung von Queerness auszunutzen. Die Mehrheit der Gemeindemitglieder war in der Lage, die vern&#252;nftige Entscheidung zu treffen, die Hilfe von LGSM anzunehmen &#8211; ein erster Schritt zur &#220;berwindung ihrer Queerfeindlichkeit. Einige wenige Mitglieder waren dazu jedoch nicht in der Lage. Sie versuchten, das Projekt zu sabotieren, und stellten damit ihre moralische Verurteilung von Queerness <strong>&#252;ber das materielle Wohlergehen ihrer eigenen Community</strong>. Dies f&#252;hrte zur einzigen Instanz von blankem <em>Moralismus</em> im gesamten Film:</p><blockquote><p>HEFINA: In Wales gab es fr&#252;her die Tradition, seine G&#228;ste zu ehren. Erinnert ihr euch daran, Ladys? Respekt? Gro&#223;z&#252;gigkeit? Es gibt nur eine Sache, die an dieser ganzen verdammten Angelegenheit unnat&#252;rlich ist: Die eigene Gemeinschaft zu verraten. Und wenn ich herausfinde, wer diese Geschichte an die Presse verkauft hat, glaubt mir, derjenige wird wissen, wie es sich anf&#252;hlt, sich zu sch&#228;men.</p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8M6O!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c1e5244-f512-4a9c-a905-0a70a179e2ef_1920x808.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8M6O!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c1e5244-f512-4a9c-a905-0a70a179e2ef_1920x808.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8M6O!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c1e5244-f512-4a9c-a905-0a70a179e2ef_1920x808.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8M6O!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c1e5244-f512-4a9c-a905-0a70a179e2ef_1920x808.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8M6O!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c1e5244-f512-4a9c-a905-0a70a179e2ef_1920x808.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8M6O!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c1e5244-f512-4a9c-a905-0a70a179e2ef_1920x808.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8M6O!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c1e5244-f512-4a9c-a905-0a70a179e2ef_1920x808.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8M6O!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8c1e5244-f512-4a9c-a905-0a70a179e2ef_1920x808.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>Es ist f&#252;r die Bergbaugemeinde nicht nur vern&#252;nftig, die Queerness von LGSM zu tolerieren &#8211; es ist <strong>intolerabel, sie nicht zu tolerieren</strong>. Diese Form des <em>gruppen-internen</em> Moralismus hat eine viel gr&#246;&#223;ere Erfolgsaussicht als der <em>gruppen-&#252;bergreifende</em> Moralismus. W&#228;hrend Ersterer die N&#228;he des Anderen zu dir und seine Abh&#228;ngigkeit von dir ausnutzt, verst&#228;rkt Letzterer lediglich dessen Identifikation mit seiner eigenen Gruppe.</p><h3>Fazit</h3><p><em>Pride</em> bietet nicht nur die Wohlf&#252;hlgeschichte einer unwahrscheinlichen Allianz, sondern einen Entwurf f&#252;r eine effektivere Linke. LGSM hat gezeigt, dass der wirksamste Weg zum Abbau von Vorurteilen nicht darin besteht, den Intoleranten zu verurteilen, sondern sich f&#252;r dessen &#220;berleben n&#252;tzlich zu machen. Es ist leicht, ideologische Reinheit innerhalb eines schrumpfenden Freundeskreises zu fordern; es ist weit radikaler und weitaus effektiver, sich auf die m&#252;hsame, widerspr&#252;chliche Arbeit einzulassen, diejenigen zu unterst&#252;tzen, die einen selbst noch nicht unterst&#252;tzen. Wenn wir die Stagnation der woken Politik &#252;berwinden wollen, m&#252;ssen wir den Mut wiederentdecken, geteilte materielle Interessen &#252;ber den Komfort der moralischen Verurteilung zu stellen. Nur wenn wir uns &#252;ber die Mauern unserer eigenen Buchl&#228;den hinauswagen, k&#246;nnen wir hoffen, eine Bewegung aufzubauen, die in der Lage ist, die Welt tats&#228;chlich zu ver&#228;ndern.</p><p>Auf Deutschland &#252;bertragen bedeutet dies eine Br&#252;cke zwischen st&#228;dtischen &#8220;Bunten&#8221; und meist genossenschaftlich organisierten <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorfladen">Dorfl&#228;den</a> zu schlagen. Ankn&#252;pfen k&#246;nnte man an deren Dachverb&#228;nde <a href="https://dorfladen-netzwerk.de/">DORFbegegnungsL&#196;DEN in Deutschland</a> und <a href="https://bvbdl.de/">Bundesverband der B&#252;rger- und Dorfl&#228;den</a>. Der Fokus muss auf der &#220;berwindung des Kulturkampfes liegen, nach dem Motto: Wir lassen uns von denen da oben nicht gegen einander ausspielen.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h3>Weiterf&#252;hrend</h3><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;133af77d-e4d7-4baf-a221-7428b592efb7&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Dies ist v.1.1 des Beitrags&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;md&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Gegen den Moralismus&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:260637275,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Acid Communist Aachen&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Thoughts of a socialist Daoist &#8212; What if you're trying too hard?&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5e44bf74-9f00-4b19-8712-0375a884ad4c_300x300.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-01-25T15:39:47.518Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O84Y!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F775157e0-1593-4dcb-90ee-88837bf991a1_1713x1200.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/gegen-den-moralismus&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:185734613,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2916336,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Acid Communist Aachen&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4VXs!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa8aab751-8a7f-4643-b570-6c8e09dc265c_300x300.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Self-management vs. Self-organization]]></title><description><![CDATA[A Lesson from Neither Vertical Nor Horizontal]]></description><link>https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/self-management-vs-self-organization</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/self-management-vs-self-organization</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Acid Communist Aachen]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 28 May 2026 10:05:13 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d60194ed-de8b-4881-b014-6a2b8f137b4a_479x251.gif" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;9a3a95b1-f088-448e-9958-196c1729328a&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Im folgenden versuche ich, eine Kernthese aus Rodrigo Nunes&#8217; Neither Vertical Nor Horizontal: A Theory of Political Organisation wiederzugeben. Einige pr&#228;gende Ausz&#252;ge daraus finden sich in den Fu&#223;noten.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Selbstverwaltung vs. Selbstorganisierung&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:260637275,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Acid Communist Aachen&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Thoughts of a socialist Daoist &#8212; What if you're trying too hard?&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5e44bf74-9f00-4b19-8712-0375a884ad4c_300x300.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-28T09:48:38.249Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/511f679c-2938-46e5-a89f-eaba4c9d5edc_479x251.gif&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/selbstverwaltung-vs-selbstorganisierung&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:199576923,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2916336,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Acid Communist Aachen&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4VXs!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa8aab751-8a7f-4643-b570-6c8e09dc265c_300x300.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><p>In the following, I attempt to elucidate a core thesis from Rodrigo Nunes&#8217; <em><a href="https://cloud.disroot.org/s/dHBsJ6DWWEHHdGD">Neither Vertical Nor Horizontal: A Theory of Political Organisation</a></em>. Some formative excerpts can be found in the footnotes.</p><p>Strictly speaking, every order &#8211; every organization &#8211; is <em>self-organized</em>, if viewed from a sufficiently external position. Self-organization is therefore not a special case of conscious organization; rather, conscious organization is a special case of general self-organization. When &#8220;self-organization&#8221; is brought up in political debates, however, it usually refers to <strong>horizontal</strong> self-organization &#8211; the kind without significant power differentials.</p><p>But even in such formations, <em>leadership</em> typically present. Here, leadership should be understood simply as the initiation of new collective behavior. Nature provides an illustrative example: a flock of birds is (horizontally) self-organized, but <strong>not</strong> <em>self-managed</em>, as no deliberate, collective decisions are made within it. Although there are no significant power differentials, leadership is nevertheless permanently present. Individuals change direction without the consent of their neighbors or the group as a whole, and other individuals follow suit<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a>.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bcBB!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0d507466-a1db-410c-b71a-c0bb15d11492_479x251.gif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bcBB!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, 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class="image-caption">A flock of starlings</figcaption></figure></div><p>When applied to human organization, a political pitfall becomes apparent: a horizontalism that fetishizes self-management can have a paralyzing effect by elevating the collective to the status of an absolute authority. This authority is then mistakenly perceived as threatened by one&#8217;s own or others&#8217; initiatives, since they exercise influence in favor of an individual undertaking without mandate &#8211; without the blessing of the sovereign<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-2" href="#footnote-2" target="_self">2</a>.</p><p>But leadership, understood as initiative, is utterly indispensable for political action &#8211; regardless of whether a formation is self-managed or otherwise self-organized. The question for an emancipatory politics is therefore not how to prevent leadership, but to what extent this leadership function is based on a power differential and is prevented from circulating within the group<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-3" href="#footnote-3" target="_self">3</a><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-4" href="#footnote-4" target="_self">4</a>.</p><blockquote><p><em>The best leader is one whom no one knows. ...</em><br><em>Then when work is done and things are accomplished,</em><br><em>People will say that things happened by themselves.</em></p></blockquote><p>&#8211; Laozi, <em>Daodejing</em> Chapter 17</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>What happens, however, if we sever the idea of the vanguard from its association with historical necessity and the knowledge thereof? In this case, a vanguard initiative will not be conceived as the action supposed to establish the correct connection between the present moment and the future after which one strives. Instead, it appears as an effort to explore the &#8216;adjacent possible&#8217; of a situation &#8211; the virtual paths that it makes available &#8211; with a view to finding those that are both viable and could lead farthest in the desired direction. It does not try to discover an underlying necessity, but to bring into being something that was not there before: to open a direction.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-2" href="#footnote-anchor-2" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">2</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>The worst effect of horizontalism may in fact very well be that it cultivates a mistrust of initiative, turned inwards as self-policing and outwards as paranoia, that ultimately leads to paralysis. If to start anything is to create divisions, to exclude some possibilities, to exercise influence in favour of one&#8217;s ideas; and if to do so without mandate or precedent is to act illegitimately, usurping the authority of a sovereign that does not (yet) exist; initiative must then become an inherently suspect thing, regardless of how relevant or useful it might be.31 The collective, in this case, rather than a space in which individuals enhance their capacity to act through cooperation, is made into an entity apart from those individuals: an absolute authority that always knows better than those who compose it, an indivisible unity constantly threatened by its very participants.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-3" href="#footnote-anchor-3" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">3</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>A leadership position might derive from publicly manifested personal qualities, adherence to tradition, or explicit, formally binding procedures &#8211; which roughly map onto Max Weber&#8217;s tripartite scheme of charismatic, traditional and legal authority, allowing (as he does) for some measure of combination between the three.41 The less such consolidated positions exist, however, the more the leadership function is free to circulate. That is the reality of the pack, in which each individual is responding to modifications in a common environment rather than deliberating collectively or following a single leader.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-4" href="#footnote-anchor-4" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">4</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>&#8216;Reconciling the poles of the [teacher-student] contradiction&#8217; by making them &#8216;simultaneously teachers and students&#8217; is not decreeing that everyone knows everything, or that whatever people believe about the same thing has the same value. The very condition for there to be any learning is that knowledge differentials exist (in theory, skill, practical experience, perception). The point, however, is that this differential is always local &#8211; relative to a problem or situation and involving revisable beliefs &#8211; rather than implicated in a global partition between those who possess all the true knowledge and those who do not.</p></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Selbstverwaltung vs. Selbstorganisierung]]></title><description><![CDATA[Eine Lektion aus Neither Vertical Nor Horizontal]]></description><link>https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/selbstverwaltung-vs-selbstorganisierung</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/selbstverwaltung-vs-selbstorganisierung</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Acid Communist Aachen]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 28 May 2026 09:48:38 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/511f679c-2938-46e5-a89f-eaba4c9d5edc_479x251.gif" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Im folgenden versuche ich, eine Kernthese aus Rodrigo Nunes&#8217; <em><a href="https://cloud.disroot.org/s/dHBsJ6DWWEHHdGD">Neither Vertical Nor Horizontal: A Theory of Political Organisation</a></em> wiederzugeben. Einige pr&#228;gende Ausz&#252;ge daraus finden sich in den Fu&#223;noten.</p><p>Streng genommen ist jede Ordnung &#8211; jede Organisierung &#8211; <em>selbstorganisiert</em>, wenn man sie nur von weit genug au&#223;en betrachtet. Selbstorganisierung ist somit kein Sonderfall bewusster Organisierung, sondern umgekehrt ist bewusste Organisierung ein Sonderfall der allgemeinen Selbstorganisierung. Wenn in politischen Debatten von &#8222;Selbstorganisierung&#8220; die Rede ist, ist damit jedoch in der Regel <strong>horizontale</strong> Selbstorganisierung gemeint &#8211; also jene ohne nennenswerte Machtgef&#228;lle.</p><p>Doch auch in solchen Gebilden tritt in der Regel <em>F&#252;hrung</em> auf. F&#252;hrung bedeutet hier schlicht das Ansto&#223;en neuen kollektiven Verhaltens. Ein anschauliches Beispiel daf&#252;r bietet die Natur: Eine Schar V&#246;gel ist (horizontal) selbstorganisiert, aber <strong>nicht</strong> <em>selbstverwaltet</em>, denn es werden in ihr keine bewussten, kollektiven Entscheidungen getroffen. Obwohl keine nennenswerten Machtgef&#228;lle vorliegen, ist F&#252;hrung dennoch permanent vorhanden. Individuen schlagen ohne die Einwilligung ihrer Nachbarn oder der Gesamtheit neue Richtungen ein, denen sich die anderen Individuen anschlie&#223;en<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a>.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LJjJ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3e6b87b5-7a07-4ce2-a8d1-87959a29df4f_479x251.gif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LJjJ!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, 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class="image-caption">Ein Starenschwarm</figcaption></figure></div><p>Auf menschliche Organisierung &#252;bertragen, zeigt sich somit ein politischer Fallstrick: Ein Horizontalismus, der die Selbstverwaltung fetischisiert, kann l&#228;hmend wirken, indem er das Kollektiv zur absoluten Autorit&#228;t erhebt. Diese Autorit&#228;t wird dann f&#228;lschlicherweise durch jede eigene oder andere Initiative bedroht gesehen, da diese ohne Mandat &#8211; ohne Segen des Souver&#228;ns &#8211; Einfluss zugunsten des individuellen Vorhabens aus&#252;bt<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-2" href="#footnote-2" target="_self">2</a>.</p><p>F&#252;hrung, verstanden als Initiative, ist f&#252;r das politische Handeln aber v&#246;llig unverzichtbar &#8211; ganz gleich, ob ein Gebilde selbstverwaltet oder anderweitig selbstorganisiert ist. Die entscheidende Frage f&#252;r eine emanzipatorische Politik ist daher nicht, wie F&#252;hrung verhindert werden kann, sondern inwiefern diese F&#252;hrungsfunktion auf einem Machtgef&#228;lle beruht und vom Zirkulieren innerhalb der Gruppe abgehalten wird<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-3" href="#footnote-3" target="_self">3</a><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-4" href="#footnote-4" target="_self">4</a>.</p><blockquote><p><em>Herrscht ein ganz Gro&#223;er,<br>so wei&#223; das Volk kaum, dass er da ist. ...<br>Sein Werk ist vollendet<br>und die Gesch&#228;fte gehen ihren Lauf.<br>Die Menschen denken:<br>es geschah wie von selbst.</em></p></blockquote><p>&#8211; Laozi, <em>Daodejing</em> Vers 17</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Was passiert jedoch, wenn wir die Idee der Avantgarde von ihrer Verbindung mit historischer Notwendigkeit und dem Wissen darum trennen? In diesem Fall wird eine Avantgarde-Initiative nicht als die Handlung verstanden, die die richtige Verbindung zwischen dem gegenw&#228;rtigen Moment und der Zukunft, nach der man strebt, herstellen soll. Stattdessen erscheint sie als ein Bem&#252;hen, das &#8218;benachbarte M&#246;gliche&#8216; einer Situation zu erkunden &#8211; die virtuellen Pfade, die sie er&#246;ffnet &#8211; mit dem Ziel, diejenigen zu finden, die sowohl tragf&#228;hig sind als auch am weitesten in die gew&#252;nschte Richtung f&#252;hren k&#246;nnten. Es geht nicht darum, eine zugrunde liegende Notwendigkeit zu entdecken, sondern etwas ins Leben zu rufen, das vorher nicht da war: eine Richtung zu er&#246;ffnen.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-2" href="#footnote-anchor-2" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">2</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Die schlimmste Wirkung des Horizontalismus k&#246;nnte in der Tat sehr wohl sein, dass er ein Misstrauen gegen&#252;ber der Initiative kultiviert, das sich nach innen als Selbst&#252;berwachung und nach au&#223;en als Paranoia richtet und letztendlich zu L&#228;hmung f&#252;hrt. Wenn alles, was man beginnt, Spaltungen schafft, einige M&#246;glichkeiten ausschlie&#223;t, Einfluss zugunsten der eigenen Ideen aus&#252;bt; und wenn man dies ohne Mandat oder Pr&#228;zedenzfall tut, bedeutet dies, illegitim zu handeln und die Autorit&#228;t eines (noch nicht existierenden) Souver&#228;ns zu usurpieren; dann muss Initiative zwangsl&#228;ufig zu einer inh&#228;rent verd&#228;chtigen Sache werden, unabh&#228;ngig davon, wie relevant oder n&#252;tzlich sie sein mag. Das Kollektiv wird in diesem Fall eher zu einem Wesen, das von den Individuen losgel&#246;st ist, als zu einem Raum, in dem Individuen ihre Handlungsf&#228;higkeit durch Kooperation erweitern: eine absolute Autorit&#228;t, die alles besser wei&#223; als diejenigen, die es bilden, eine unteilbare Einheit, die st&#228;ndig von ihren eigenen Bestandteilen bedroht wird.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-3" href="#footnote-anchor-3" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">3</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Eine F&#252;hrungsposition k&#246;nnte sich aus &#246;ffentlich manifestierten pers&#246;nlichen Qualit&#228;ten, der Einhaltung von Traditionen oder expliziten, formell bindenden Verfahren ergeben &#8211; was grob Max Webers dreiteiliges Schema von charismatischer, traditioneller und legaler Autorit&#228;t abbildet, wobei (wie er es tut) eine gewisse Kombination zwischen den dreien m&#246;glich ist. Je weniger solche konsolidierten Positionen jedoch existieren, desto freier kann die F&#252;hrungsfunktion zirkulieren. Das ist die Realit&#228;t des Rudels, in dem jedes Individuum auf Ver&#228;nderungen in einer gemeinsamen Umwelt reagiert, anstatt kollektiv zu beraten oder einem einzigen Anf&#252;hrer zu folgen.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-4" href="#footnote-anchor-4" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">4</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>&#8222;Die Pole des [Lehrer-Sch&#252;ler-]Widerspruchs zu vers&#246;hnen&#8220;, indem man sie &#8222;gleichzeitig zu Lehrenden und Lernenden macht&#8220;, bedeutet nicht zu verk&#252;nden, dass jeder alles wei&#223;, oder dass alles, was Menschen &#252;ber dieselbe Sache glauben, denselben Wert hat. Die grundlegende Bedingung daf&#252;r, dass es &#252;berhaupt Lernen geben kann, ist, dass Wissensgef&#228;lle existieren (in Theorie, Fertigkeit, praktischer Erfahrung, Wahrnehmung). Der entscheidende Punkt ist jedoch, dass dieses Gef&#228;lle immer lokal ist &#8211; es bezieht sich auf ein bestimmtes Problem oder eine Situation und betrifft revidierbare &#220;berzeugungen &#8211; statt Teil einer globalen Unterscheidung zu sein zwischen denen, die &#252;ber alles wahre Wissen verf&#252;gen, und denen, die es nicht tun.</p></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Das Elend des Staats-Diskurses]]></title><description><![CDATA[Die historische Spannung zwischen dem Anarchismus und den meisten Formen des Marxismus wird oft auf eine einfache Bin&#228;rformel reduziert: diejenigen, die den Staat sofort abschaffen wollen, und diejenigen, die ihn als &#220;bergangsinstrument nutzen m&#246;chten.]]></description><link>https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/das-elend-des-staats-diskurses</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/das-elend-des-staats-diskurses</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Acid Communist Aachen]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 09 May 2026 08:51:53 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9530600e-1ef2-4e1b-9501-49cde82aeb8f_645x339.webp" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Die historische Spannung zwischen dem Anarchismus und den meisten Formen des Marxismus wird oft auf eine einfache Bin&#228;rformel reduziert: diejenigen, die den Staat sofort abschaffen wollen, und diejenigen, die ihn als &#220;bergangsinstrument nutzen m&#246;chten. Diese Gegen&#252;berstellung von &#8222;pro-Staat&#8220; versus &#8222;anti-Staat&#8220; ist jedoch grundlegend irref&#252;hrend. Sie stellt einen kommunikativen Zusammenbruch dar, in dem das Wort &#8222;Staat&#8220; weniger als Beschreibung der Realit&#228;t fungiert, sondern vielmehr als Projektionsfl&#228;che f&#252;r ideologische Vorstellungen. Um diesen Bruch zu verstehen, m&#252;ssen wir zun&#228;chst begreifen, wie der Begriff des &#8222;Staats&#8220; von den jeweiligen Traditionen konstruiert wird.</p><h2>Der Definitions-Patt</h2><p>Das Haupthindernis f&#252;r eine einheitliche revolution&#228;re Theorie besteht darin, dass Anarchisten und Marxisten dasselbe Wort verwenden, um unterschiedliche Sachen zu beschreiben.</p><p>F&#252;r den Anarchisten ist der &#8222;Staat&#8220; <strong>durch Herrschaft definiert</strong> &#8211; eine sich selbst erhaltende und auf Zwang basierende Hierarchie. Michail Bakunin hielt diese Auffassung in <em>Staatlichkeit und Anarchie</em> fest:</p><blockquote><p>Solange es einen Staat gibt, mu&#223; es auch Herrschaft geben und folglich auch Sklaverei; <strong>ein Staat ohne offene oder verborgene Sklaverei ist undenkbar</strong> &#8211; das ist der Grund, weshalb wir Feinde des Staates sind.</p></blockquote><p>Indem der Anarchist &#8222;Sklaverei&#8220; (d. h. Herrschaft) als ein <strong>wesentliches funktionales Merkmal</strong> des Staates postuliert, schlie&#223;t er die M&#246;glichkeit eines herrschaftsfreien Staates per Definition aus. In dieser Ansicht mag eine Institution zwar zahlreiche Merkmale aufweisen, die typischerweise mit Staatlichkeit assoziiert werden &#8211; sowohl in ihren Zielen als auch in der konkreten Art und Weise, wie diese Ziele verfolgt werden &#8211;, doch wird ihr das Etikett &#8222;Staat&#8220; verweigert, solange sie keine Herrschaft darstellt.</p><p>Im Gegensatz dazu definieren Marxisten den Staat als ein <strong>Instrument, mit dem Klassen</strong> <em><strong>Zwang</strong></em> <strong>gegen einander aus&#252;ben,</strong> unabh&#228;ngig davon, wie er intern strukturiert ist, welche Klasse an der Macht ist, und welche Produktionsverh&#228;ltnisse durchgesetzt werden. Anarchisten und Marxisten sind sich einig, dass der Sozialismus gegen reaktion&#228;re Kr&#228;fte verteidigt werden muss; der Marxist betrachtet diesen Akt des <em>Zwangs</em> jedoch selbst bereits als funktionale Konstituierung eines &#8222;Staates&#8220;, unabh&#228;ngig davon, ob er im anarchistischen Sinne eine &#8222;Herrschaft&#8220; darstellt. Aus marxistischer Sicht ist eine anarchistische Miliz, die den Sozialismus zu verteidigen versucht, ein &#8222;Staat&#8220; unter anderem Namen.</p><p>Bemerkenswerterweise n&#228;hert sich Lenin gelegentlich einer anarchistischen Staatsauffassung an, wie in diesem Abschnitt aus <em>Staat und Revolution</em>:</p><blockquote><p>Beim <em>&#220;bergang</em> vom Kapitalismus zum Kommunismus ist die Unterdr&#252;ckung <em>noch</em> notwendig, aber es ist das bereits eine Unterdr&#252;ckung der Minderheit der Ausbeuter durch die Mehrheit der Ausgebeuteten. Ein besonderer Apparat, eine besondere Maschine zur Unterdr&#252;ckung, ein &#8222;Staat&#8220; ist <em>noch</em> notwendig, aber es ist das bereits ein &#220;bergangsstaat, kein Staat im eigentlichen Sinne mehr</p></blockquote><h2>Das Absterben der Verst&#228;ndlichkeit</h2><p>Die marxistische Definition des &#8222;Staates&#8220; f&#252;hrt zu einer der verwirrendsten und praktisch nutzlosesten Behauptungen der sozialistischen Theorie: dem &#8222;Absterben des Staates&#8220;. Wenn der &#8222;Staat&#8220; lediglich als der spezialisierte Apparat der Klassenherrschaft definiert wird, dann <strong>muss</strong> der Staat per Definition aufh&#246;ren zu existieren, sobald die Klassen abgeschafft sind.</p><p>Das Problem besteht darin, dass real existierende Staaten nicht monofunktional sind. Eine Polizei dient beispielsweise als Instrument der Klassenherrschaft, erf&#252;llt aber auch die zweite, kritische Funktion des Umgangs mit antisozialem Verhalten &#8211; Gewalt, Diebstahl, etc. &#8211;, das auch ohne Klassenkampf fortbesteht. Indem Marxisten darauf beharren, dass der Staat <strong>nur</strong> Klassenherrschaft sei, suggerieren sie dem beil&#228;ufigen Beobachter (und vielleicht sich selbst), dass die institutionelle <em>Form</em>, welche diese <strong>und andere</strong> <em>Funktionen</em> erf&#252;llt, im Sozialismus notwendigerweise aufh&#246;ren w&#252;rde zu existieren.</p><p>Dies macht den Diskurs f&#252;r jeden unverst&#228;ndlich, der an der Praktikabilit&#228;t einer stabilen Gesellschaft interessiert ist. Zu sagen, &#8222;der Staat wird absterben&#8220;, ohne zu erkl&#228;ren, was mit der Sozialtechnologie des internen Gewaltmonopols geschieht, bedeutet, eine &#196;nderung von Definitionen mit einer &#196;nderung der Realit&#228;t zu verwechseln. Es verschleiert die Tatsache, dass selbst in einer klassenlosen Gesellschaft viele Marxisten wahrscheinlich Institutionen bef&#252;rworten w&#252;rden, die jeder &#8222;Normalb&#252;rger&#8220; als Staat identifizieren w&#252;rde.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h2>Von Abstraktionen zu Mechanismen</h2><p>Wenn wir diese abstrakten Etiketten abstreifen, stellen wir fest, dass sich die Debatten in Wahrheit um den Nutzen und die Gefahren von <strong>Sozialtechnologien</strong> drehen. Damit meinen wir die spezifischen Werkzeuge, Organisationsprotokolle und institutionellen Formen, die zur L&#246;sung von Problemen der gesellschaftlichen Koordination und Verteidigung eingesetzt werden. Anstatt dar&#252;ber zu streiten, ob der &#8222;Staat&#8220; existieren sollte oder w&#252;rde &#8211; eine Frage, die meist nur als Stellvertreter f&#252;r die Frage dient: &#8222;Wessen W&#246;rterbuch benutzen wir?&#8220; &#8211;, m&#252;ssen wir diese spezifischen Technologien auf der Grundlage ihres funktionalen Nutzens und der damit verbundenen Risiken bewerten.</p><h3>1. Verwaltungsmechanismen</h3><p>Kritiker traditioneller gew&#228;hlter Repr&#228;sentation argumentieren, dass <em>freie Mandate</em> &#8211; bei denen Repr&#228;sentanten nicht an spezifische W&#228;hleranweisungen gebunden sind &#8211; dazu neigen, eine professionelle politische Klasse herauszubilden. Es ist jedoch eine Sache, eine Gefahr in diesem Mechanismus zu identifizieren, und eine ganz andere, zu behaupten, dass er <strong>notwendigerweise</strong> zu Herrschaft f&#252;hrt, unabh&#228;ngig vom Kontext und der genauen Umsetzung. Dennoch bevorzugen viele Sozialisten <em>imperative Mandate</em> (Delegierte, die an strikte Anweisungen gebunden sind und dem sofortigen R&#252;ckruf unterliegen) oder das <em>Losverfahren</em> (Sortition), um sicherzustellen, dass Regierungsf&#252;hrung eine gemeinschaftliche Pflicht bleibt und kein spezialisierter Karriereweg wird.</p><h3>2. Das interne Gewaltmonopol</h3><p>Eine Polizei mit formal privilegiertem Zugang zu Gewalt dient als m&#228;chtiges Instrument der Ordnung, aber ihre Gefahr liegt in der Herausbildung einer permanenten bewaffneten Kaste, die grundlegend von der Bev&#246;lkerung getrennt ist. Die anarchistische Kritik identifiziert dieses Gewaltmonopol zurecht als potenziellen Keim der Herrschaft. Wie ich jedoch in meinem Artikel <em><a href="https://im.allmendenetz.de/channel/acidcommunist_ac?mid=3725b953-0ac2-4a45-9935-3686ed81da61">Gegen den Staat?</a></em> dargelegt habe, kann die strategische Implementierung eines privilegierten Amtes &#8211; etwa einer Moderation &#8211; manchmal genau die Ma&#223;nahme sein, die die Gesamtherrschaft minimiert. Wie oben erw&#228;hnt, werden insbesondere Marxisten diese Sozialtechnologie wahrscheinlich weiter unterst&#252;tzen, nachdem ihre &#8222;prim&#228;re&#8220; Funktion der Klassenherrschaft obsolet geworden ist.</p><p>Umgekehrt erfordern weder die Funktion des Umgangs mit antisozialem Verhalten noch die Funktion der Klassenherrschaft zwingend formal privilegierte &#196;mter. Diese Funktionen k&#246;nnen auf freiwilliger Basis erf&#252;llt werden, &#228;hnlich wie alle anderen Berufe. So wie der B&#228;cker die Funktion des Brotbackens erf&#252;llt, ohne ein formales Monopol darauf zu haben, kann die Verteidigung der Gemeinschaft oder der Umgang mit antisozialem Verhalten als sozialer <em>Dienst</em> und nicht als hoheitliches <em>Recht</em> behandelt werden.</p><h3>3. Integration vs. Autonomie</h3><p>W&#228;hrend Anarchisten oft das &#8222;Sicherheitsventil&#8220; der Sezession als Garant der Freiheit verfechten, markiert das tats&#228;chliche Ausma&#223;, in dem Autonomie gew&#228;hrt wird, den fundamentalen Unterschied zwischen dem sozialistischen (oder &#8222;wahren&#8220;) Anarchismus und seinen rechtsgerichteten Verzerrungen. Kein sozialistischer Anarchist h&#228;lt an einem bedingungslosen Recht auf individuelle Sezession fest; t&#228;te er dies, w&#228;re das Projekt der Vergesellschaftung der Produktionsmittel unm&#246;glich. Indem der sozialistische Anarchist fordert, dass der kollektiv betriebene Arbeitsplatz kollektiv verwaltet wird, schr&#228;nkt er die individuelle Autonomie inh&#228;rent ein und erkennt an, dass &#8222;freiwillige Vereinigung&#8220; nicht das Recht eines Privateigent&#252;mers einschlie&#223;en kann, der Gemeinschaft kritische Ressourcen vorzuenthalten.</p><p>In diesem Licht wird das anarchistische &#8222;Sicherheitsventil&#8220; der Sezession zu einer Frage des Grades und nicht zu einem kategorischen Recht. Wenn das Recht auf Sezession auf der Ebene des Arbeitsplatzes oder der Region bedingungslos ist, kann eine Genossenschaft oder eine Regionalverwaltung im Besitz einer kritischen Ressource sich einfach gegen die &#252;bergeordnete demokratische Verwaltung entscheiden. Indem diese abgespaltenen Einheiten lebenswichtige Infrastruktur vorenthalten und Austauschbedingungen von einer &#8222;souver&#228;nen&#8220; Position aus diktieren, w&#252;rden sie den Rest der Gesellschaft in ein verhandlungsbasiertes Paradigma der &#8222;internationalen Beziehungen&#8220; zwingen. Dies bereitet den Boden f&#252;r die Wiederherstellung von Marktbeziehungen und Ausbeutung unter dem Deckmantel der Autonomie &#8211; analog zum Anarchokapitalismus, aber in gr&#246;&#223;erem Ma&#223;stab.</p><p>Die Kybernetik bietet einen anspruchsvollen technischen Rahmen f&#252;r diese Kritik. <a href="https://youtu.be/doFptvKcIss?si=EVsOrOwkabWgi4bm&amp;t=1815">Wie Tom O&#8217;Brien argumentiert</a>, erfordert die Eliminierung kapitalistischer Dynamiken eine hohe systemische Integration, um die &#8222;Variet&#228;t&#8220; (Komplexit&#228;t) einer modernen Wirtschaft zu bew&#228;ltigen. In einem komplexen, interdependenten System k&#246;nnte die <strong>totale</strong> Autonomie eines einzelnen Knotenpunkts den gesamten Stoffwechselprozess der Gesellschaft destabilisieren. Doch <strong>zu wenig</strong> Autonomie kann ebenso verheerend sein. Kybernetische Lebensf&#228;higkeit erfordert <em>begrenzte Autonomie</em>: den lokalen Einheiten die Freiheit zu geben, ihre eigene Variet&#228;t zu steuern, w&#228;hrend sie gleichzeitig durch die Anforderungen des Gesamtsystems eingeschr&#228;nkt bleiben. Eine &#252;berm&#228;&#223;ig zentralisierte Entscheidungsfindung ist nicht nur ein Einfallstor f&#252;r Herrschaft, sondern auch ein Rezept f&#252;r den systemischen Zusammenbruch, da ein zentraler Knotenpunkt unm&#246;glich die Komplexit&#228;t verarbeiten kann, die f&#252;r die Steuerung jeder lokalen Interaktion erforderlich ist.</p><h2>Fazit</h2><p>Die &#220;berwindung des &#8222;pro-Staat/anti-Staat&#8220;-Rahmens erm&#246;glicht es uns, die konkreten Herausforderungen der Revolution anzugehen. Indem wir den &#8222;Staat&#8220; als einen <em>gleitenden Signifikanten</em> begreifen &#8211; also als ein Wort, das keinen festen Inhalt besitzt, sondern je nach ideologischem Kontext mit unterschiedlichen Bedeutungen gef&#252;llt wird, (z.B. &#8220;Freiheit&#8221;) &#8211;, k&#246;nnen wir uns auf die eigentliche Arbeit konzentrieren: die Bewertung von Sozialtechnologien. Wie Rodrigo Nunes in <em><a href="https://cloud.disroot.org/s/dHBsJ6DWWEHHdGD">Neither Vertical nor Horizontal: A Theory of Political Organisation</a></em> argumentiert:</p><blockquote><p>In dem Moment, in dem Leute beginnen zusammenzuarbeiten, sehen sie sich unweigerlich mit der doppelten Frage konfrontiert, wie sie das Beste aus ihrer kollektiven Handlungsf&#228;higkeit machen und wie sie verhindern k&#246;nnen, dass sich diese Macht gegen sie selbst richtet... Ein aufrechter Verfechter der Vertikalit&#228;t mag bereit sein, den Verlust an Partizipation zu riskieren, um die F&#228;higkeit zu sichern, schnell Entscheidungen zu treffen; ein ehrlicher Libert&#228;rer mag denken, dass ein R&#252;ckgang der Effektivit&#228;t ein akzeptableres Wagnis ist, als die Entstehung einer informellen Hierarchie zuzulassen. Und doch sind es dieselben Zw&#228;nge, dieselben Grenzen, dieselben Schwellenwerte, dieselben Gefahren, dieselben Abw&#228;gungen &#8211; vor allem dieselben Abw&#228;gungen &#8211;, mit denen sie es zu tun haben. Eine der wichtigsten Funktionen, die eine Theorie der politischen Organisation erf&#252;llen kann, besteht genau darin, zu kl&#228;ren, was diese Abw&#228;gungen sind.</p></blockquote><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Ideals without Idealism]]></title><description><![CDATA[Meritocracy, Socialism or Communism? Yes.]]></description><link>https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/ideals-without-idealism</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/ideals-without-idealism</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Acid Communist Aachen]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 03 May 2026 14:01:23 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/4756e0e2-c1ae-490f-a2c9-f05dcf356885_890x500.webp" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>To hold an ideal is not the same as being an idealist. This distinction, though subtle, cuts to the core of a persistent confusion in political and moral debates. <em>Ideals</em> are <strong>orienting</strong> principles: visions of a morally better state of affairs that guide action and judgment. <em>Idealism</em>, by contrast, is a <strong>methodological</strong> error: the tendency to evaluate strategy and intermediate goals solely by their immediate conformity to those ideals, rather than by their capacity to realize them under actually prevailing conditions.</p><p>An idealist, in this sense, mistakes proximity for progress. Another&#8217;s ideal can contradict one&#8217;s own while pointing toward a state of affairs more conducive to it than the status quo&#8212;not only regarding its unconscious realization, but also its conscious adoption. To reject such a step outright, simply because it fails to mirror the final vision, is to engage in idealism. In practice, this hinders, rather than hastens, the realization of one&#8217;s own goals.</p><h2>Case Study: The Ideals of Marx</h2><p>The distinction between ideals and idealism is sharply illustrated in Marx&#8217;s treatment of socialism and communism in his <em>Critique of the Gotha Programme</em>. Marx clearly regards the communist maxim&#8212;&#8221;to each according to their needs&#8221;&#8212;as superior to the socialist maxim&#8212;&#8221;to each according to their contribution.&#8221; Yet he does not demand the immediate implementation of the former, nor does he condemn demands for the latter as reactionary. Instead, he situates both within a developmental framework grounded in material and social conditions.</p><p>Marx rejects certain formulations of the program outright, most notably the claim that workers are entitled to the &#8220;undiminished proceeds of labor.&#8221; As he explains, such phrasing collapses under the conditions of any complex social reproduction, since deductions for common funds&#8212;administration, infrastructure, education, care&#8212;are inescapable prior to individual distribution. However, this slogan is best understood as a carelessly expressed demand for a distributional principle in which individuals receive shares proportional to their contribution <strong>after</strong> necessary social deductions. Marx <strong>accepts</strong> this principle as appropriate for the first phase of communist society (i.e., socialism), but explicitly characterizes it as limited:</p><blockquote><p>But these defects are inevitable in the first phase of communist society...</p></blockquote><p>From a strictly amoral standpoint, the notion of an &#8220;inevitable defect&#8221; is incoherent. If the &#8220;defect&#8221; itself is inevitable, then traversing rather than avoiding it is necessarily the most materially &#8220;progressive&#8221; / accelerationist avenue. The notion of an &#8220;inevitable defect&#8221; only gains coherence relative to an external ideal. The <em>Critique of the Gotha Programme</em> thus stands in subtle contrast to the strictly amoral formulation Marx and Engels use in <em>The German Ideology</em>:</p><blockquote><p>Communism is for us not a <em>state of affairs</em> which is to be established, an <em>ideal</em> to which reality [will] have to adjust itself. We call communism the <em>real</em> movement which abolishes the present state of things.</p></blockquote><p>The truth is that for Marx communism <strong>is</strong> an ideal in the materialist, <strong>orienting</strong> sense of rendering deviations from it &#8220;defects&#8221;, but <strong>not</strong> in the idealist, <strong>methodological</strong> sense of wanting to adjust reality to it without regard for real limitations. The latter would manifest precisely in a practical rejection of the socialist maxim.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h2>Communism &amp; Trust</h2><p>Why are socialism&#8217;s defects inevitable? Marx posits that communism requires a certain level of productivity, i.e., a certain development of the productive forces. But this so-called requirement has a flip-side: It is ultimately a matter of <em>trust</em>. Communistic relations&#8212;where individual consumption is decoupled from individual contribution&#8212;require individuals to <em>trust</em> each other to contribute enough to meet each other&#8217;s needs without coercion or direct compensation. Rising productivity is merely a factor that diminishes that trust requirement over time.</p><p>Even now under capitalism, nothing strictly prevents us from enacting &#8220;communistic&#8221; relations, i.e., from decoupling individual consumption from individual contribution: We could, in principle, pool our incomes with our peers and distribute them according to need. We generally do not do so, not because of any formal barrier, but because we lack the requisite trust that others will contribute enough to ensure our own survival. This is the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-rider_problem">free-rider problem</a> in action.</p><p>At the outset, socialism will face qualitatively the same problem. The differences to capitalism are cosmetic on the one hand and quantitative on the other. First, the relation between labor and consumption is no longer obscured by money, but made explicit through labor time accounting. Second, in the absence of exploitation, individuals receive a larger share of their contribution than under capitalism. But neither change eliminates the underlying risk of free riding. A preference for communistic relations cannot be assumed to prevail under those conditions any more than now. However, by planning production according to need and distributing goods according to labor contribution, socialism at once transcends the &#8220;anarchy of the market&#8221; and creates a framework in which cooperation is rational and transparent<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a>.</p><p>In doing so, socialism lays the groundwork for communism&#8212;not as an imposed system, but as an <em>emergent</em> one. Under socialism (as under capitalism), individuals can freely associate into communistic arrangements where trust is sufficiently high. These associations can expand and merge organically as social norms shift and cooperative practices become habitual. The everyday experience of democratic collaboration under socialism plays a crucial role here. By involving individuals in collective decision-making, socialism fosters the very virtues that communism requires and capitalism systematically erodes. Trust is not a precondition magically assumed, but a social product cultivated over time.</p><p>Contemporary &#8220;communist&#8221; critiques of meritocracy and equality of opportunity fall into the same trap as idealist critiques of socialism. By choosing to interpret them in strictly capitalist terms, critics conclude that they are anti-socialist. In actuality, these ideals point towards socialism and are the organic expression of working-class self-interest at this time. What is the epitome of meritocracy if not socialism&#8212;&#8221;to each according to their contribution&#8221;?</p><blockquote><p>The right of the producers is <em>proportional</em> to the labor they supply; the equality consists in the fact that measurement is made with an <em>equal standard</em>, labor. But one man is superior to another physically, or mentally, and supplies more labor in the same time, or can labor for a longer time; and labor, to serve as a measure, must be defined by its duration or intensity, otherwise it ceases to be a standard of measurement. This <em>equal</em> right is an unequal right for unequal labor. It recognizes no class differences, because everyone is only a worker like everyone else; but it tacitly recognizes unequal individual endowment, and thus productive capacity, as a natural privilege.</p></blockquote><p>&#8211; Karl Marx, <em>Critique of the Gotha Programme</em></p><h2>Conclusion</h2><p>Let us conclude by highlighting the self-defeating logic of idealism: Any articulated ideal and resulting practical prescription can be re-framed as deficient and thus reactionary from the standpoint of a more demanding or more comprehensive ideal. Idealism therefore has an internal tendency toward infinite escalation of standards and&#8212;consequently&#8212;political paralysis.</p><p><em>Ideals without idealism</em>, on the other hand, provide a different orientation. They allow us to hold fast to our ultimate aims while remaining attentive to the constraints and possibilities of the present. They require us to evaluate proposals not by their resemblance to the end state, but by their capacity to move us toward it. They&#8217;re about recognizing that the road to a better world may pass through forms that are, in themselves, imperfect&#8212;but necessary. To reject those forms in the name of purity is to remain where one stands.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>See <em>Amazon Socialism, Labor Time Calculation</em> and <em>Participatory Economy</em> at <a href="https://www.democratic-planning.com/info/models">democratic-planning.com/info/models</a></p></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Ideale ohne Idealismus]]></title><description><![CDATA[Chancengleichheit, Sozialismus oder Kommunismus? Ja.]]></description><link>https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/ideale-ohne-idealismus</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/ideale-ohne-idealismus</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Acid Communist Aachen]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 03 May 2026 13:38:24 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/963a4658-46fd-4d9b-8121-618cdae5dae7_890x500.webp" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Ein Ideal zu haben, ist nicht dasselbe wie ein Idealist zu sein. Diese Unterscheidung ist zwar subtil, trifft aber den Kern einer hartn&#228;ckigen Verwirrung in politischen und moralischen Debatten. <em>Ideale</em> dienen der <strong>Orientierung</strong>: Sie sind Visionen eines moralisch besseren Zustands, die Handeln und Urteilsverm&#246;gen leiten. Der <em>Idealismus</em> hingegen ist ein <strong>methodischer</strong> Fehler: Er ist die Tendenz, Strategien und Zwischenziele ausschlie&#223;lich nach ihrer unmittelbaren &#220;bereinstimmung mit diesen Idealen zu bewerten, anstatt nach ihrer F&#228;higkeit, diese unter tats&#228;chlich vorherrschenden Bedingungen zu verwirklichen.</p><p>Ein Idealist verwechselt so gesehen N&#228;he mit Fortschritt. Das Ideal eines anderen kann dem eigenen Ideal widersprechen und dennoch auf einen Zustand hindeuten, der daf&#252;r f&#246;rderlicher ist als der Status quo &#8211; nicht nur f&#252;r dessen unbewusste Verwirklichung, sondern auch f&#252;r dessen bewusste Annahme. Einen solchen Schritt rundweg abzulehnen, nur weil er die endg&#252;ltige Vision nicht widerspiegelt, bedeutet, sich dem Idealismus hinzugeben. In der Praxis behindert dies die Verwirklichung der eigenen Ziele eher, als dass es sie beschleunigt.</p><h3>Fallstudie: Die Ideale von Marx</h3><p>Die Unterscheidung zwischen Idealen und Idealismus wird anhand von Marx&#8217; Behandlung von Sozialismus und Kommunismus in seiner <em>Kritik des Gothaer Programms</em> deutlich. Marx betrachtet die kommunistische Maxime &#8211; &#8222;Jedem nach seinen Bed&#252;rfnissen&#8220; &#8211; eindeutig als &#252;berlegen gegen&#252;ber der sozialistischen Maxime &#8211; &#8222;Jedem nach seiner Leistung&#8220;. Dennoch fordert er nicht die sofortige Umsetzung der ersteren und verurteilt Forderungen nach der letzteren nicht als reaktion&#228;r. Stattdessen ordnet er beide in einen Entwicklungsrahmen ein, der auf materiellen und sozialen Bedingungen basiert.</p><p>Marx lehnt bestimmte Formulierungen des Programms strikt ab, insbesondere die Behauptung, die Arbeiter h&#228;tten Anspruch auf den &#8222;unverk&#252;rzten Arbeitsertrag&#8220;. Wie er erkl&#228;rt, bricht eine solche Formulierung unter den Bedingungen jeder komplexen gesellschaftlichen Reproduktion zusammen, da Abz&#252;ge f&#252;r Gemeinschaftsfonds &#8211; Verwaltung, Infrastruktur, Bildung, F&#252;rsorge &#8211; vor der individuellen Verteilung unumg&#228;nglich sind. Dieser Slogan ist jedoch am besten als schlecht ausgedr&#252;ckte Forderung nach einem Verteilungsprinzip zu verstehen, bei dem das Individuum <strong>nach</strong> den notwendigen gesellschaftlichen Abz&#252;gen einen Anteil erh&#228;lt, der seiner Leistung entspricht. Marx <strong>akzeptiert</strong> dieses Prinzip als angemessen f&#252;r die erste Phase der kommunistischen Gesellschaft (d. h. den Sozialismus), charakterisiert es aber explizit als begrenzt:</p><blockquote><p>Aber diese Mi&#223;st&#228;nde sind unvermeidbar in der ersten Phase der kommunistischen Gesellschaft...</p></blockquote><p>Von einem strikt amoralischen Standpunkt aus ist der Begriff eines &#8222;unvermeidbaren Missstands&#8220; inkoh&#228;rent. Wenn der &#8222;Missstand&#8220; selbst unvermeidlich ist, dann ist das Durchschreiten &#8211; statt das Vermeiden &#8211; notwendigerweise das materiell &#8222;fortschrittlichste&#8220; bzw. akzelerationistischste Vorgehen. Der Begriff eines &#8222;unvermeidbaren Missstands&#8220; gewinnt erst im Verh&#228;ltnis zu einem externen Ideal an Koh&#228;renz. Die <em>Kritik des Gothaer Programms</em> steht somit in einem subtilen Kontrast zur strikt amoralischen Formulierung, die Marx und Engels in <em>Die deutsche Ideologie</em> verwenden:</p><blockquote><p>Der Kommunismus ist f&#252;r uns nicht ein <em>Zustand</em>, der hergestellt werden soll, ein <em>Ideal</em>, wonach die Wirklichkeit sich zu richten haben [wird]. Wir nennen Kommunismus die <em>wirkliche</em> Bewegung, welche den jetzigen Zustand aufhebt.</p></blockquote><p>Die Wahrheit ist, dass der Kommunismus f&#252;r Marx tats&#228;chlich ein Ideal im materialistischen, <strong>orientierenden</strong> Sinne ist, insofern er Abweichungen davon als &#8222;Missst&#228;nde&#8220; begreifbar macht, aber nicht im idealistischen, <strong>methodischen</strong> Sinne, der die Realit&#228;t ohne R&#252;cksicht auf reale Grenzen an dieses Ideal anpassen will. Letzteres w&#252;rde sich eben in einer praktischen Ablehnung der sozialistischen Maxime &#228;u&#223;ern.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h3>Kommunismus &amp; Vertrauen</h3><p>Warum sind die Missst&#228;nde des Sozialismus unvermeidlich? Marx behauptet, dass der Kommunismus ein gewisses Ma&#223; an Produktivit&#228;t erfordert, d. h. eine bestimmte Entwicklung der Produktivkr&#228;fte. Aber diese sogenannte Anforderung hat eine Kehrseite, denn letztlich handelt es sich um eine Frage des Vertrauens. Kommunistische Beziehungen &#8211; in denen der individuelle Konsum vom individuellen Beitrag entkoppelt ist &#8211; erfordern, dass die Individuen einander vertrauen, ohne Zwang oder direkte Entsch&#228;digung genug beizutragen, um einander am Leben zu halten. Steigende Produktivit&#228;t ist lediglich ein Faktor, der diese Vertrauensanforderung im Laufe der Zeit verringert.</p><p>Schon jetzt, im Kapitalismus, hindert uns nichts strikt daran, &#8222;kommunistische&#8220; Beziehungen einzugehen, d. h. den individuellen Konsum vom individuellen Beitrag zu entkoppeln: Grunds&#228;tzlich k&#246;nnten wir unsere Einkommen mit unseresgleichen zusammenlegen und sie nach Bedarf verteilen. Im Allgemeinen sehen wir davon ab; nicht wegen irgendeiner formalen Barriere, sondern weil uns das erforderliche Vertrauen fehlt, dass andere genug beitragen, um unser eigenes &#220;berleben zu sichern. Dies ist das <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trittbrettfahrerproblem">Trittbrettfahrer-Problem</a> in Aktion.</p><p>Eingangs wird der Sozialismus qualitativ vor demselben Problem stehen. Die Unterschiede zum Kapitalismus sind einerseits kosmetisch und andererseits quantitativ. Erstens wird die Beziehung zwischen Arbeit und Konsum nicht mehr durch Geld verschleiert, sondern durch Arbeitszeitrechnung explizit gemacht. Zweitens erhalten die Individuen in Abwesenheit von Ausbeutung einen gr&#246;&#223;eren Anteil ihres Beitrags als im Kapitalismus. Aber keine der beiden &#196;nderungen beseitigt das zugrunde liegende Risiko des Trittbrettfahrens. Eine Pr&#228;ferenz f&#252;r die kommunistische Beziehungsweise ist dann ebenso wenig selbstverst&#228;ndlich wie heute. Aber indem die Produktion nach Bedarf geplant und die G&#252;ter nach dem Arbeitsbeitrag verteilt werden, &#252;berwindet der Sozialismus die &#8222;Anarchie des Marktes&#8220; und schafft gleichzeitig einen Rahmen, in dem Kooperation vern&#252;nftig und transparent ist<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a>.</p><p>Dadurch legt der Sozialismus das Fundament f&#252;r den Kommunismus &#8211; nicht als aufgezwungenes System, sondern als ein <em>emergentes</em>. Im Sozialismus (wie im Kapitalismus) k&#246;nnen sich Individuen da, wo das Vertrauen ausreichend hoch ist, frei zu kommunistischen Assoziationen zusammenschlie&#223;en. Indem sich soziale Normen verschieben und kooperative Praktiken zur Gewohnheit werden, k&#246;nnen solche Assoziationen organisch wachsen und verschmelzen. Die Alltagserfahrung demokratischer Zusammenarbeit im Sozialismus spielt hier eine entscheidende Rolle. Indem der Sozialismus das Individuum in kollektive Entscheidungsprozesse einbezieht, f&#246;rdert er genau jene Tugenden, die der Kommunismus erfordert und der Kapitalismus systematisch untergr&#228;bt. Vertrauen ist keine magisch vorausgesetzte Bedingung, sondern ein soziales Produkt, das im Laufe der Zeit kultiviert wird.</p><p>Zeitgen&#246;ssische &#8222;kommunistische&#8220; Kritiken der Meritokratie und Chancengleichheit tappen in dieselbe Falle wie idealistische Kritiken des Sozialismus. Nachdem sich solche Kritiker dazu entscheiden, diese Begriffe strikt kapitalistisch zu deuten, kommen sie zu dem Schluss, diese seien antisozialistisch. Diese Ideale weisen jedoch in Wirklichkeit auf den Sozialismus und sind aktuell der organische Ausdruck des Eigeninteresses der arbeitenden Klassen. Was ist der Inbegriff der Meritokratie, wenn nicht der Sozialismus &#8211; &#8222;Jedem nach seiner Leistung&#8220;?</p><blockquote><p>Das Recht der Produzenten ist ihren Arbeitslieferungen <em>proportionell</em>; die Gleichheit besteht darin, da&#223; an <em>gleichem Ma&#223;stab</em>, der Arbeit, gemessen wird. Der eine ist aber physisch oder geistig dem andern &#252;berlegen, liefert also in derselben Zeit mehr Arbeit oder kann w&#228;hrend mehr Zeit arbeiten; und die Arbeit, um als Ma&#223; zu dienen, mu&#223; der Ausdehnung oder der Intensit&#228;t nach bestimmt werden, sonst h&#246;rte sie auf, Ma&#223;stab zu sein. Dies <em>gleiche</em> Recht ist ungleiches Recht f&#252;r ungleiche Arbeit. Es erkennt keine Klassenunterschiede an, weil jeder nur Arbeiter ist wie der andre; aber es erkennt stillschweigend die ungleiche individuelle Begabung und daher Leistungsf&#228;higkeit der Arbeiter als nat&#252;rliche Privilegien an.</p></blockquote><p>&#8211; Karl Marx, <em>Kritik des Gothaer Programms</em></p><h3>Fazit</h3><p>Schlie&#223;en wir mit einem Hinweis auf die selbstzerst&#246;rerische Logik des Idealismus: Jedes artikulierte Ideal und jede daraus resultierende praktische Vorschrift kann vom Standpunkt eines anspruchsvolleren oder umfassenderen Ideals aus als mangelhaft und damit reaktion&#228;r umgedeutet werden. Der Idealismus hat daher eine innere Tendenz zur unendlichen Eskalation von Anspr&#252;chen und folglich zur politischen L&#228;hmung.</p><p><em>Ideale ohne Idealismus</em> hingegen bieten eine andere Orientierung. Sie erlauben uns, an unseren Endzielen festzuhalten, w&#228;hrend wir uns gleichzeitig der Zw&#228;nge und M&#246;glichkeiten der Gegenwart bewusst bleiben. Sie verlangen von uns, Vorschl&#228;ge nicht nach ihrer &#196;hnlichkeit mit dem Endzustand zu bewerten, sondern nach ihrer F&#228;higkeit, uns auf diesen zuzubewegen. Es geht darum zu erkennen, dass der Weg zu einer besseren Welt &#252;ber Formen f&#252;hren kann, die an sich unvollkommen, aber notwendig sind. Diese Formen im Namen der Reinheit abzulehnen, bedeutet, dort zu bleiben, wo man ist.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Siehe <em>Amazon-Sozialismus, Arbeitszeitrechnung</em> und <em>Partizipative &#214;konomie</em> unter <a href="https://www.demokratische-planung.de/info/modelle">demokratische-planung.de/info/modelle</a></p></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[The Moral Territory]]></title><description><![CDATA[Negative Ethics in a Nutshell]]></description><link>https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/the-moral-territory</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/the-moral-territory</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Acid Communist Aachen]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 26 Apr 2026 11:32:22 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5f07a78d-cc66-44c1-adbc-c4af75e0d540_1200x630.webp" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;152c4ce1-6861-451c-8ace-e4d130c73767&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Alle Modelle sind falsch, aber manche sind n&#252;tzlich.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Negative Ethik&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:260637275,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Acid Communist Aachen&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Thoughts of a socialist Daoist &#8212; What if you're trying too hard?&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5e44bf74-9f00-4b19-8712-0375a884ad4c_300x300.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-26T11:29:21.305Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:null,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/negative-ethik&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:195514471,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2916336,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Acid Communist Aachen&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4VXs!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa8aab751-8a7f-4643-b570-6c8e09dc265c_300x300.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><blockquote><p>All models are wrong, but some are useful.</p></blockquote><p>&#8211; George Box</p><blockquote><p>The map is not the territory.</p></blockquote><p>&#8211; Alfred Korzybski</p><p>George Box&#8217;s aphorism points to a fundamentally ineffable Real. It isn&#8217;t that reality actually works like <strong>a</strong> model that we simply haven&#8217;t found yet, but that <strong>no models</strong>&#8212;no concepts&#8212;will ever describe what <strong>is</strong> with total accuracy. If we don&#8217;t believe concepts can produce categorically true <strong>descriptions</strong>, how can we believe that they can produce categorically true <strong>prescriptions</strong>? To deny that possibility is the core of <em>negative ethics</em>.</p><p>Subscribing to negative ethics means never mistaking the map for the territory. It means recognizing that the only map that doesn&#8217;t lie is the territory itself. You might deem a map adequate for the path you&#8217;re currently traveling, but you can only come to that conclusion because you <strong>can see the territory</strong> and thus verify the map. You &#8220;know&#8221; that an ethical system is good, because it matches what you immediately perceive&#8212;i.e., intuit&#8212;to be moral more often than not.</p><p>These maps&#8212;ethical frameworks&#8212;are useful for one reason above all: Giving them to people who prioritize looking at maps over perceiving their surroundings. The best way to not walk off a cliff is to watch where you&#8217;re going, but the next best thing is a map that is accurate enough for the current situation. You might suggest someone a different map that you can tell is more accurate locally, but you cannot extend that guarantee globally.</p><p>Taking negative ethics to its conclusion means personally disregarding maps altogether to instead focus on perceiving the territory itself as clearly as possible.</p><blockquote><p>The Way that can be spoken of is not the real Way.</p></blockquote><p>&#8211; Laozi, <em>Daodejing</em>, Chapter 1</p><blockquote><blockquote><p>In everyday life we do not scan our options beforehand, then enact the one that is best. We simply deal with whatever is at hand. We get up in the morning and put on our clothes without meaning to do so. We help a friend in the same way. . . . Outside the Western tradition, the Daoists of ancient China saw no gap between is and ought. Right action was whatever comes from a clear view of the situation. They did not follow moralists&#8212;in their day, Confucians&#8212;in wanting to fetter human beings with rules or principles. For Daoists, the good life is only the natural life lived skillfully. It has no practical purpose. It has nothing to do with the will, and it does not consist in trying to realize any ideal.</p></blockquote><p>This is, in my view, as close as one can get to the negative ethics of the Daoist moral fool in contemporary theory.</p></blockquote><p>&#8211; HG Moeller, <em>The Moral Fool</em>, quoting John Gray, <em>Straw Dogs</em></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Negative Ethik]]></title><description><![CDATA[Das Reale entspricht keinem Modell]]></description><link>https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/negative-ethik</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/negative-ethik</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Acid Communist Aachen]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 26 Apr 2026 11:29:21 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4VXs!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa8aab751-8a7f-4643-b570-6c8e09dc265c_300x300.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>Alle Modelle sind falsch, aber manche sind n&#252;tzlich.</p></blockquote><p>&#8211; George Box</p><blockquote><p>Die Karte ist nicht das Territorium.</p></blockquote><p>&#8211; Alfred Korzybski</p><p>George Box&#8217; Aphorismus weist auf ein grundlegend unbegreifbares Reales hin. Es ist nicht so, dass die Realit&#228;t tats&#228;chlich wie <strong>ein</strong> Modell funktioniert, das wir blo&#223; noch nicht gefunden haben, sondern dass <strong>keine Modelle</strong> &#8211; keine Konzepte &#8211; jemals das, was <strong>ist</strong>, mit totaler Genauigkeit beschreiben werden. Wenn wir nicht glauben, dass Konzepte kategorisch wahre <strong>Beschreibungen</strong> erzeugen k&#246;nnen, wie k&#246;nnen wir dann glauben, dass sie kategorisch wahre <strong>Vorschriften</strong> erzeugen k&#246;nnen? Diese M&#246;glichkeit zu verneinen, ist der Kern der <em>negativen Ethik</em>.</p><p>Sich einer negativen Ethik zu verschreiben bedeutet, niemals die Karte mit dem Territorium zu verwechseln. Es bedeutet anzuerkennen, dass die einzige Karte, die nicht l&#252;gt, das Territorium selbst ist. Man mag eine Karte f&#252;r den Pfad, den man gerade beschreitet, als angemessen erachten, aber zu diesem Schluss kann man nur kommen, weil man <strong>das Territorium sehen kann</strong> und somit die Karte verifiziert. Man &#8222;wei&#223;&#8220;, dass ein ethisches System gut ist, weil es mit dem &#252;bereinstimmt, was man unmittelbar als moralisch wahrnimmt &#8211; d. h. intuiert &#8211; und das &#246;fter als nicht.</p><p>Diese Karten &#8211; ethische Modelle &#8211; eignen sich vor allem f&#252;r einen Zweck: Um sie Leuten zu geben, die ihrer Karte mehr Aufmerksamkeit schenken als dem Territorium selbst. Der beste Weg, nicht von einer Klippe zu st&#252;rzen, besteht darin, darauf zu achten, wohin man geht; aber die n&#228;chstbeste L&#246;sung ist eine Karte, die f&#252;r die aktuelle Lage genau genug ist. Man mag jemandem eine andere Karte vorschlagen, von der man wei&#223;, dass sie lokal genauer ist, aber man kann diese Garantie niemals global ausweiten.</p><p>Die negative Ethik zu ihrem Schluss zu folgen bedeutet, Karten pers&#246;nlich ganz beiseite zu lassen, um sich stattdessen darauf zu konzentrieren, das Territorium selbst so klar wie m&#246;glich wahrzunehmen.</p><blockquote><p>Der Weg, von dem gesprochen werden kann, ist nicht der ewige Weg.</p></blockquote><p>&#8211; Laozi, <em>Daodejing</em>, Vers 1</p><blockquote><blockquote><p>Im Alltag scannen wir unsere Optionen nicht vorher ab, um dann diejenige auszuf&#252;hren, die am besten ist. Wir gehen einfach mit dem um, was gerade ansteht. Wir stehen morgens auf und ziehen uns an, ohne es absichtlich zu planen. Auf die gleiche Weise helfen wir einem Freund. . . . Au&#223;erhalb der westlichen Tradition sahen die Daoisten des alten Chinas keine Kluft zwischen dem Ist und dem Soll. Richtiges Handeln war das, was aus einer klaren Sicht auf die Situation hervorging. Sie folgten nicht den Moralisten &#8211; zu ihrer Zeit die Konfuzianer &#8211;, die den Menschen mit Regeln oder Prinzipien b&#228;ndigen wollten. F&#252;r Daoisten ist das gute Leben nur das nat&#252;rlich gelebte Leben, das mit Geschick gef&#252;hrt wird. Es hat keinen praktischen Zweck. Es hat nichts mit dem Willen zu tun, und es besteht nicht darin, irgendein Ideal verwirklichen zu wollen.</p></blockquote><p>Dies ist, meines Erachtens, das N&#228;chste, was man in der zeitgen&#246;ssischen Theorie zur negativen Ethik des daoistischen moralischen Narren finden kann.</p></blockquote><p>&#8211; John Gray, <em>Straw Dogs</em>, zitiert nach HG Moeller, <em>The Moral Fool</em></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Right to Sex Work!]]></title><description><![CDATA[How Boycotting Sex Work Harms the Workers]]></description><link>https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/right-to-sex-work</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/right-to-sex-work</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Acid Communist Aachen]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 28 Mar 2026 15:11:45 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!inKS!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef56defe-0c9e-49fe-a528-101bbce55d1d_952x500.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;e68973ff-f1d5-452a-99e3-89d2701cd9ff&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit der Frage, ob man Leuten kategorisch davon abraten sollte, Sex zu kaufen. Linke bejahen dies h&#228;ufig mit der Begr&#252;ndung, Prostitution sei eine besonders elendige Form der Arbeit. Doch dieses Argument ist unschl&#252;ssig.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Freiheit f&#252;r Freier!&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:260637275,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Acid Communist Aachen&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Thoughts of a socialist Daoist &#8212; What if you're trying too hard?&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5e44bf74-9f00-4b19-8712-0375a884ad4c_300x300.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-28T15:01:55.495Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6301f32a-0c2f-43db-9c9d-98ad411b599f_952x500.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/p/freiheit-fur-freier&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:192418020,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2916336,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Acid Communist Aachen&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4VXs!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa8aab751-8a7f-4643-b570-6c8e09dc265c_300x300.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><p>This article addresses the question of whether people should be categorically discouraged from buying sex. The Left often answers in the affirmative, arguing that prostitution is a particularly wretched form of labor. However, this argument is invalid.</p><p>In their book <em><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolting_Prostitutes">Revolting Prostitutes: The Fight for Sex Workers&#8217; Rights</a></em>, communist sex workers Juno Mac and Molly Smith advocate for the full (i.e., bilateral) decriminalization of prostitution. Their reasoning is as simple as it is compelling: you do not help marginalized people by destroying their sources of income or by marginalizing them further.</p><p>First, a disclaimer: we are dealing here with prostitution that is &#8220;voluntary&#8221; in the same way as any other labor under capitalism. It is performed because, from the perspective of the worker and under the given circumstances, it represents the best available option. The alternative might be unemployment and resulting homelessness. You cannot help a person by taking away their best option; you can only help them by providing better ones.</p><p>Let&#8217;s illustrate this with an analogy: Imagine you hire me as a private cleaner. I scrub your toilet, and like the overwhelming majority of all workers, I do this job reluctantly&#8212;but I would rather do it than starve. Now an activist comes along who considers my job so wretched that it requires a different approach than all other jobs. This activist tries to persuade you to boycott <strong>me</strong> out of solidarity to <strong>me</strong>. Furthermore, they want to morally condemn, stigmatize, and in some cases even criminalize your hiring of my services. This does not help me; on the contrary, my fridge stays empty.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!inKS!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef56defe-0c9e-49fe-a528-101bbce55d1d_952x500.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!inKS!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_424, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef56defe-0c9e-49fe-a528-101bbce55d1d_952x500.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!inKS!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, 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/__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef56defe-0c9e-49fe-a528-101bbce55d1d_952x500.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!inKS!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_848, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef56defe-0c9e-49fe-a528-101bbce55d1d_952x500.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!inKS!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef56defe-0c9e-49fe-a528-101bbce55d1d_952x500.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!inKS!, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/acidcommunistac.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fef56defe-0c9e-49fe-a528-101bbce55d1d_952x500.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Every client and every employer exercises power over workers, mediated by economic necessity. In that sense, we are all &#8220;slaves.&#8221; Prostitution merely represent the special case of the &#8220;sex slavery.&#8221; In certain feminist circles, the client&#8212;unlike all other metaphorical slave masters&#8212;is decidedly perceived as a &#8220;perpetrator.&#8221; This moralistic perspective distorts our otherwise structural understanding of labor. God knows bourgeois society does not make it easy to think structurally, but if we do not want to waste our capacities on useless or even counterproductive activity, we must first learn and deepen this skill.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://acidcommunistac.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! 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