Alberto Calva – MIÉRCOLES, 26 de agosto de 2026

· 16.96 USD/MXN el tipo de cambio.

· Dolly Parton, compositora y cantante, murió a los 80 años: “I will always love you”, “Jolene”, “9 to 5”, y muchas otras canciones.

· Informalidad, motor del empleo en el segundo trimestre. En el segundo trimestre, el mercado laboral mexicano sumó 487,434 ocupados, pero 93.9% del avance se concentró en la informalidad, según la Encuesta Nacional de Ocupación y Empleo (ENOE) del Inegi. La tasa de informalidad subió a 55.1%, mientras la desocupación repuntó a 2.7% y la subocupación a 6.9%. Más de 36 millones trabajan sin acceso a salud. Especialistas advierten que el empleo formal no absorbe a quienes se incorporan al mercado y que la meta oficial de bajar la informalidad a 48.9% en 2030 luce lejana.

· Interoceánico opera con subsidios de 97%. El Tren Interoceánico, que une Coatzacoalcos y Salina Cruz, opera con fuerte dependencia del erario: 97% de sus costos se cubren con subsidios y solo 3% proviene de ingresos propios. Según registros de la Secretaría de Hacienda, el proyecto costó 62 mil millones de pesos, triplicando la estimación inicial de costos y solo ha movilizado 1.1 millones de toneladas de carga, con 13 clientes fijos y baja demanda de pasajeros. Expertos atribuyen sus problemas a fallas de planeación, infraestructura obsoleta, trazo histórico y recortes presupuestales que frenan su mantenimiento.

· Afirma ABM que la banca puede y quiere prestar más. La Asociación de Bancos de México afirmó que la banca nacional está en un momento de solidez y fortaleza, con capacidad y disposición para otorgar más crédito. Emilio Romano señaló que el financiamiento crece entre 8% y 11%, por encima de la economía, pero que su penetración sigue siendo baja frente a socios comerciales. También destacó el alto uso de efectivo y el avance de las cuentas digitales.

· La Cámara Minera de México (Camimex) instó al gobierno federal a reactivar el otorgamiento de concesiones mineras para fortalecer la competitividad del sector en el marco de la revisión conjunta del Tratado entre México, Estados Unidos y Canadá (T-MEC). En México no se abrieron nuevas concesiones mineras desde finales de 2018 y los efectos de esto se reflejaron en un menor volumen de producción frente a su potencial.

· Empuja Pemex bonos a categoría “basura”. México llegó a tener una calificación crediticia de grado A en el mercado de bonos hace apenas unos años. Actualmente, el País se encuentra al borde de perder el grado de inversión, cayendo a la categoría de “bonos basura”. Existen numerosas razones para este deterioro desde el gasto público desbocado hasta un crecimiento económico anémico, pero últimamente surge una cuestión recurrente: las pérdidas financieras que se acumulan en Pemex y la constante inyección de fondos públicos para mantener la compañía a flote. Sólo en los últimos dos años, Sheinbaum ha gestionado rescates para Pemex por más de 50 mil millones de dólares.

· Un cargamento de 348 drones, cámaras y accesorios DJI fue robado tras salir del AIFA. El robo ocurre en una zona considerada de alto riesgo para el transporte de mercancías.

· Canadá respondió a EE.UU. con aranceles de represalia de 15, 25 y 50 por ciento sobre unos 20 mil millones de dólares en productos, tras las tarifas impuestas por el presidente Donald Trump. El primer ministro Mark Carney anunció que las medidas entrarán en vigor el 8 de septiembre y que habrá un paquete de ayuda para empresas y trabajadores. Los aranceles afectaran al acero, electrodomésticos, lácteos y otros bienes.

· China anunció que adoptará las medidas necesarias para defender sus derechos e intereses económicos. EE.UU. anunció el lunes una ofensiva comercial para cortar toda fuente de financiación de Irán, llegando a amenazar con sanciones a todos los países que mantengan lazos comerciales con Irán, incluyendo a China, que compra cerca de 90% de las exportaciones de petróleo de Irán.

· El director de la CIA, John Ratcliffe, realizó ayer un viaje secreto a Moscú. Se desconocen los motivos de su visita.

· Los solicitantes de visas de inmigrante con entrevistas programadas en embajadas y consulados de EE.UU. recibieron correos electrónicos informándoles que sus citas se reprogramarían y que recibirían una notificación con la nueva fecha y hora.

Alberto Calva, X(Tw): @acalva

Nuestra especialidad es en finanzas corporativas. Hacemos consultoría en finanzas corporativas y estrategia, valuación de empresas (M&A), análisis de rentabilidad y creación de valor económico. Impartimos cursos para ejecutivos y empresarios.

Alberto Calva – WEDNESDAY, August 26, 2026

· 1.388 USD/CAD exchange rate.

· Dolly Parton, singer-songwriter, dies at 80: “I will always love you”, “Jolene”, “9 to 5”, and many other songs.

· Canada hit back with retaliatory tariffs on about $20 billion worth of U.S. annual imports and rolled out aid for businesses and workers, matching Washington’s latest ‌duties dollar-for-dollar. The counter-tariffs on U.S. goods take effect on September 8 and impose duties of 15%, 25% and 50% ‌across around 700 products imported from south of the border.

· It’s not every day an Ontario premier says a U.S. president can “kiss my ass.” Under Trump 2.0, with his non-stop insults, we’ve grown accustomed to the U.S. president acting un-presidentially. But is that an excuse for our leaders to resort to similar trash talk? Or, maybe you think that’s exactly the plainspoken approach needed in the escalating Canada-U.S. trade war.

· China announced it will take the necessary measures to defend its economic rights and interests. The U.S. announced on Monday a trade offensive to cut off all sources of funding for Iran, threatening sanctions against all countries that maintain trade ties with Iran, including China, which buys about 90% of Iran’s oil exports.

· C.I.A. director John Ratcliffe made a secret trip to Moscow yesterday. It’s not clear why he was there.

· Immigrant visa applicants with scheduled interviews at US embassies and consulates have received emails telling them their appointments were being rescheduled and that they would receive future notice of a new date and time.

Alberto Calva, X(Tw): @acalva

Our expertise field is corporate finance. We do consulting in corporate finance and strategy, business valuations (M&A), economic value creation and profitability analysis. We give workshops for businesspeople.

Alberto Calva – MARTES, 25 de agosto de 2026

· 16.945 USD/MXN el tipo de cambio.

· EE.UU. se prepara para revocar las visas de negocios y turismo de hasta 200 mil personas que han solicitado asilo en su territorio. De concretarse, sería la revocación de visas más numerosa en la historia de EE.UU. y probablemente enfrentaría impugnaciones legales.

· El senador Fernández Noroña sostuvo que el daño a la reputación de Rocha Moya “está hecho” y que le tocará luchar para reivindicar su trayectoria.

· Detienen en EE.UU. a Ricardo Verduzco, exfuncionario de Rocha Moya en Sinaloa, con más de 100 mil pastillas de fentanilo. Fue ubicado por el FBI tras rastrear una compra controlada del opioide.

· Los operadores de bonos han comenzado a tratar la deuda mexicana como bonos basura, después de que el gobierno gastara 130 mil millones de dólares para rescatar a Pemex.

· Trump anunció que, desde el 1 de enero de 2027, duplicará al 50% los aranceles sobre autos, camiones, piezas automotrices y acero procedentes de Canadá, tras fracasar las negociaciones bilaterales. La medida intensifica la disputa comercial y podría afectar de forma importante la cadena de suministro integrada entre ambos países. Aunque la tarifa actual sobre autos es de 25%, solo grava contenida fuera de EE.UU. Canadá prepara hoy respuestas para proteger a trabajadores y empresas, mientras Washington dice seguir abierto a retomar el diálogo.

· El presidente de Colombia, Abelardo de la Espriella, ordenó iniciar esta semana operaciones para deportar a migrantes irregulares en el país. La instrucción es identificar y detener en primer lugar a los migrantes que cometan delitos.

· Casi seis meses después, el conflicto con Irán que Trump prometió que terminaría en seis semanas continúa sin que se vislumbre un final claro.

· Washington endureció su presión sobre Irán con una nueva ronda de sanciones del Tesoro y del Departamento de Estado contra sectores como activos digitales, tecnología, oro, aviación y transporte marítimo, además de casi 60 entidades, personas y buques. Scott Bessent, el secretario del Tesoro, advirtió que los países que mantengan vínculos financieros con Teherán enfrentarán represalias si no los cortan.

Alberto Calva, X(Tw): @acalva

Nuestra especialidad es en finanzas corporativas. Hacemos consultoría en finanzas corporativas y estrategia, valuación de empresas (M&A), análisis de rentabilidad y creación de valor económico. Impartimos cursos para ejecutivos y empresarios.

Alberto Calva – TUESDAY, August 25, 2026

· Quebec’s Davie shipyard gets $11 billion CAD federal contract to build icebreakers. This project will create or maintain 5,000 jobs, the government says. Carney said: “Built in Canada, by Canadian workers, with Canadian steel”.

· Trump posted that he would consider renaming Lake Ontario to Lake America. (Note: I’m sure he doesn’t know the meaning of the work Ontario)

· Trump posted that he would never interfere with Canadians speaking French.

· Trump keeps posting that “we don’t need Canada, they need us.”

· Mark Carney said that “Canada will impose tariffs equivalent to the new U.S. tariffs, down to the dollar. Additionally, we are implementing enhanced additional measures totaling $7.5 billion to support Canadian workers and businesses. These funds are in addition to the approximately $25 billion in measures announced since the introduction of the unjustified U.S. tariffs.”

· The U.S. is preparing to revoke the business and tourism visas of up to 200,000 foreigners who have applied for or are currently seeking asylum status in the U.S. If it happens, the move would be the largest single mass revocation of visas in U.S. history and would likely face legal challenges.

· Nearly six months later, a conflict with Iran that Trump promised would be over within six weeks is continuing without a clear end in sight.

· Washington intensified its pressure on Iran with a new round of Treasury and State Department sanctions targeting sectors such as digital assets, technology, gold, aviation, and shipping, as well as nearly 60 entities, individuals, and vessels. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent warned that countries maintaining financial ties with Tehran will face retaliation if they do not sever them.

Alberto Calva, X(Tw): @acalva

Our expertise field is corporate finance. We do consulting in corporate finance and strategy, business valuations (M&A), economic value creation and profitability analysis. We give workshops for businesspeople.

August 25, 2026, 8:00 am

I would never interfere with Canadians speaking French! In fact, I have never even thought of doing such a stupid thing. This lie was made up by a weak and ineffective Prime Minister in an attempt to gain political support, which he has totally lost, from the people of Quebec. I love French Canadians! President DONALD J. TRUMP. Aug 25, 2026, 7:36 AM

The United States is giving serious consideration to changing the name of Lake Ontario to Lake America in that we don’t expect to doing much business with Ontario any longer. Thank you for your attention to this matter! President DONALD J. TRUMP. Aug 25, 2026, 6:58 AM

Canada has been ripping off the United States of America for years. Their ridiculously high tariffs on our Farmers and farm products has made life impossible for these great American Patriots, and has long created a 60 Billion Dollar Deficit between our two Countries. Not sustainable, and NOT ANYMORE! On January First, 2027, Tariffs on all Cars, Trucks, both large and small, Automotive Parts, and Steel, will be increased to 50%. Build in the U.S. and there are ZERO TARIFFS. Canada will be treated like a State no longer! On Trade, and in other ways, also, they are among the worst Nations in the World to deal with. They feel entitled, and yet, WE DON’T NEED CANADA, THEY NEED US! They do 95% of their business with the U.S., with us, the exact opposite! Thank you for your attention to this matter! President DONALD J. TRUMP. Aug 24, 2026, 9:38 AM

Canada wants the benefits of being a State, without being one!!! They have also charged our great farmers, for many years, massive amounts of Tariffs. No more!!! President DJT. Aug 23, 2026, 1:06 AM

<END>

X(Tw): @acalva

Alberto Calva – LUNES, 24 de agosto de 2026

· Regresó como gobernador de Sinaloa Rocha Moya, después de estar con licencia por cuatro meses. Pidió licencia hace 4 meses cuando EE.UU. solicitó la detención con fines de extradición de Rocha Moya. Sin embargo, 34 horas después, el sábado, Rocha Moya volvió a pedir licencia.

· ¿Rocha Moya realmente se atrevió a regresar sin consultar a nadie o recibió el respaldo de alguien con suficiente poder para hacerlo? Esto dijo Carlos Loret de Mola.

· El director de la DEA, Terry Cole, dijo que funcionarios de alto nivel de México colaboran directamente con los cárteles. También aseguró que mantiene una colaboración fluida con García Harfuch: “También apoyamos operaciones en el país”.

· A 4 años de operar, el AIFA sigue sin ser autosuficiente. Su construcción costó 53% más de lo presupuestado y, en los primeros seis meses del 2026, con todo y Mundial, alcanzó 3.4 millones de pasajeros, lejos de la meta de mover 8.3 millones este año.

· Pierde su registro el PAN en Coahuila tras obtener menos del 3% de los votos.

· En medio de tensiones en la integración de Norteamérica, el secretario de Economía, Marcelo Ebrard, afirmó que hay avances concretos y aseguró que cada país tiene su propia estrategia, por lo que Canadá no es un rival.

· Trump está a menos de un kilogramo de tener obesidad, y los médicos de la Casa Blanca le han recomendado dejar la comida chatarra y tener más actividad física. Trump subió más de 10 kilogramos en los últimos 3 años.

· Países Bajos anunció su retirada del Festival de Eurovisión 2027, alegando que las medidas de la Unión Europea de Radiodifusión (UER) eran insuficientes para restablecer el carácter independiente y neutral del concurso. España, Países Bajos, Irlanda, Islandia y Eslovenia optaron por no participar en la edición de este año en protesta por la participación de Israel en medio del conflicto en Gaza y la preocupación por la influencia en las votaciones.

Alberto Calva, X(Tw): @acalva

Nuestra especialidad es en finanzas corporativas. Hacemos consultoría en finanzas corporativas y estrategia, valuación de empresas (M&A), análisis de rentabilidad y creación de valor económico. Impartimos cursos para ejecutivos y empresarios.

Alberto Calva – MONDAY, August 24, 2026

· Federal Conservative Leader Pierre Poilievre posted: “As Canadians are vulnerable to an escalating trade war with the U.S., Parliament must be reconvened. Canadians deserve answers on how trade talks collapsed, what tariffs will cost their families, and how their jobs will be protected.” Poilievre mentioned three key issues: the first, “transparency on the abandoned deal,” the second, the “true cost” to Canadians, and the third, the impact on Canadian jobs and industry.

· For Canadian businesses caught in the middle of the trade war, attention is now turning to what the new tariffs will mean for costs, sales, jobs and what support will be available to help them weather the impact.

· The Canadian Federation of Independent Business says 40% of small exporters sell products included on the tariff list, and one-third of those businesses expect their sales to fall by 50% or more.

· U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) Jamieson Greer said that trade negotiations with Canada fell apart because Ottawa sought more. He insisted that Canada was offered “the best access” to the U.S., adding that political reasons were likely the main driver for the neighboring country to make more demands, including lowering tariffs on Canadian heavy-duty trucks. The U.S. official went on to say that Washington has no problem moving forward with its planned trade policy.

· Trump said he would increase tariffs on “all” cars and trucks, auto parts and steel to 50%, up from the current 25%, as of January 1.

· Mark Carney says Donald Trump’s new tariff threat shows U.S. wants to “destroy” Canadian auto sector.

· New analysis estimates nearly 90,000 Canadian jobs could be affected by 50% U.S. tariffs, with Ontario, Quebec and B.C. facing the biggest potential losses. From this, approximately 52,000 jobs are directly at risk, while indirect effects on Canadian suppliers and service providers could put another 35,000 at risk. (based on an analysis conducted by University of Calgary economics professor Trevor Tombe).

· Canada will “of course” come to the negotiations table again, but not to be treated like a “subsidiary” of the U.S., Prime Minister Mark Carney said.

· The French language and Quebec and Canadian culture might be trade irritants for the U.S., but in Canda they are fundamental rights, said Carney.

· Trump is less than a kilogram away from being obese, and the White House doctors have recommended that he cut out junk food and get more physical activity. Trump has gained more than 10 kilograms in the last 3 years.

· Netherlands announced its withdrawal from the Eurovision Song Contest in 2027, citing the European Broadcasting Union’s (EBU) insufficient measures to restore the contest’s “independent and neutral character.” Spain, the Netherlands, Ireland, Iceland, and Slovenia opted not to participate in this year’s edition in protest against Israel’s participation amid the conflict in Gaza and concerns over voting influence.

· Prince Harry and Meghan Markle are expected to return to the UK only temporarily. The couple are reportedly unlikely to settle permanently in the UK and could reconsider where they live in around six months. Canada and Australia are among the possible alternatives.

Alberto Calva, X(Tw): @acalva

Our expertise field is corporate finance. We do consulting in corporate finance and strategy, business valuations (M&A), economic value creation and profitability analysis. We give workshops for businesspeople.

Story by CBC Radio Canada, August 23, 2026

If one thing binds us together as Canadians, it’s how invested we are in being different from Americans.

Few things distinguish us from our neighbours to the south more quickly than calling the last letter of the alphabet zed instead of zee, but why do we do it?

Though zed may feel quintessentially British, the word probably entered English from French.

When the French-speaking Normans conquered England at the Battle of Hastings in 1066, French became the language of the British court. For more than three centuries afterward, English kings grew up speaking French.

During that time, thousands of French words were introduced to the English language, including the French letter name zède, which was borrowed into English as zed.

Zed’s roots, though, date back even further — over 2,500 years to ancient Greek.

French inherited the word from Latin, its direct ancestor, which called zed by the similar-sounding name zeta. The Romans had picked up both the letter and the name zeta from the Greeks when they adopted the Greek alphabet to write Latin.

Zed remains the name for the letter not just in Canada and the United Kingdom but throughout the Commonwealth, in countries like Australia, South Africa and India.

That makes Americans the odd ones out when it comes to using the name zee, but they didn’t invent the word. It originated in Great Britain.

By the 1500s, a variety of alternate names for zed were in circulation in England, like zard, ezod, izzard, uzzard, and zee. Most of those pronunciations eventually died out, but zee was popular with spelling reformers, probably because it rhymed with other consonants like B, G and T.

One of the advocates for zee was Noah Webster, who published two groundbreaking American English dictionaries in the early 1800s. He popularized many of the spelling differences that distinguish American English from British English to this day, removing the u from colour, shortening tonne to ton and revising centre to center.

Webster’s motives weren’t just pedantic; they were patriotic. Calling himself “the prophet of language to the American people,” he saw his spelling updates as a way not only to align written English with American pronunciation, but also to assert America’s independence from its former English overlords.

“Customs, habits, and language, as well as government should be national,” he wrote in an essay published in 1789. “America should have her own distinct from all the world. Such is the policy of other nations, and such must be our policy, before the states can be either independent or respectable.”

In his 1790 school speller and 1828 dictionary, Webster stipulated that Z should be pronounced zee. Much as contemporary Canadians use zed to separate themselves from Americans, he likely saw the letter as another way for Americans to differentiate themselves from their rivals, the British.

Webster’s spelling book was one of the first used in Canadian schools and — along with The ABC Song, copyrighted in Boston in 1835 — introduced zee to Canadian children, but there was pushback from British loyalists who felt Canadians should speak “the Queen’s English.”

An 1846 letter to the editor of the Kingston Herald complained that “the instructor of youth, who, when engaged in teaching the elements of the English language, direct them to call that letter ze, instead of zed, are teaching them error.”

The same year, Canada West (modern-day Ontario) adopted Irish National Readers as the standard textbook across its schools. The readers were written in British English and trained generations of Canadians to favour Britishisms like zed over Americanisms like zee.

Still, Canadian children haven’t escaped American influence.

We’re more inundated by U.S. media than ever before. For decades kids have been tuning into American educational programs like Sesame Street and Ms. Rachel that teach zee instead of zed, and it has influenced the way we speak.

In 1972, a study showed that up to 77 per cent of English-speaking Canadians said zed, not zee. Fifty years later, barely over half of Canadian adults have a firm preference for zed.

Affection for zed varies between the provinces. Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario, and Saskatchewan are zed strongholds, while zed is declining in the Maritimes, especially among younger age groups.

Perhaps surprisingly, since N.L. speech is often considered closest to British or Irish English, Newfoundlanders and Labradorians are the least likely of all Canadians to say zed.

Even in the 1970s, half of N.L. adults used zee over zed, and today Newfoundland and Labrador is the only province where the majority of people under 30 prefer zee.

That could be, in part, because teachers and books from the United States played a major role in the development of Newfoundland and Labrador’s schools and libraries in the 1800s and early 1900s, and textbooks weren’t standardized early on the way they were in central Canada.

It’s common to find what we would consider American spellings in N.L. newspapers from the nineteenth century.

The large American presence during World War II, when over 100,000 U.S. troops were stationed in St. John’s, Argentia, Gander, Stephenville and Goose Bay, may also have had an effect.

What’s perhaps most interesting is that as English-speaking Canadians get older they tend to ditch zee and start saying zed. If you ask a Canadian over 55 which they use now, they’re more likely to say zed than when they were in school.

That’s probably because for many of us zed really does become a marker of our cultural and national identity, a subtle way to distinguish ourselves as Canadian to anyone who’s listening.

Story by CBC Radio Canada, August 23, 2026

X(Tw): @acalva

Alberto Calva –22 de agosto de 2026

· Rubén Rocha Moya, acusado por el gobierno de EE.UU. de vínculos con el narcotráfico, retomó ayer el cargo de gobernador de Sinaloa tras casi cuatro meses de licencia.

· En abril pasado EE.UU. solicitó la detención con fines de extradición de Rocha Moya y otros nueve funcionarios. En ese momento, Rocha Moya pidió licencia y no se tuvo claridad de su localización estos meses.

· La decisión de retomar su puesto como gobernador fue personal. Se han deslindado de esa decisión desde Sheinbaum (presidencia), seguido de la dirigencia de Morena, legisladores y mandatarios de la 4T, mientras que la Segob aclaró que fue una “determinación de carácter personal”.

· Sheinbaum dice que no avaló el regreso de Rocha Moya, pero retaron a EE.UU. al no detener a Rocha Moya hace cuatro meses al decir que “no hay pruebas.”

· La Secretaría de Gobernación (Segob) indico que la FGR aún investiga el caso de Rocha Moya.

· Legisladores y dirigentes de oposición criticaron el regreso de Rubén Rocha Moya y lo interpretaron como una muestra de impunidad y de presunta influencia del crimen organizado.

· Senadoras y diputados del PRI, PAN y MC afirmaron que el mandatario morenista busca recuperar fuero y no confianza, y acusaron a Sheinbaum de tolerar la situación.

· La reincorporación de Rocha Moya a sus funciones reavivó las tensiones en la relación bilateral entre México y EE.UU. Medios como The Wall Street Journal, CBS News, Los Angeles Times y The New York Times siguen el caso y subrayan la incomodidad en Washington por la falta de acciones judiciales en México contra funcionarios presuntamente ligados al Cártel de Sinaloa.

· Reportes indican que fiscales de EE.UU. recibieron instrucciones para usar estatutos de terrorismo contra implicados en narcotráfico.

· El senador por Sinaloa Enrique Inzunza Cázarez adelantó que el próximo 30 de agosto participará en la reunión plenaria del grupo parlamentario de Morena y asistirá a todas las sesiones del periodo ordinario. Dijo que esta determinación que no tiene que ver con el regreso de Rubén Rocha Moya. Inzunza solicito licencia al Senado el 28 de mayo pasado.

· En algunos foros se plantean si AMLO está detrás del regreso de Rocha Moya y si tiene que ver con la cancelación de la visa de Andy.

Alberto Calva, X(Tw): @acalva

Alberto Calva – August 22, 2026

We are true believers in the benefits of free trade between individuals, provinces, and countries.

· U.S. tariffs on Canadian goods took effect after midnight Saturday after trade talks collapse.

· “I have decided to suspend trade negotiations with the U.S. and have directed Canada’s negotiators to return to Ottawa,” prime minister Marc Carney said in a statement Friday night.

· The threat is for the U.S. to impose 50% tariffs on a wide range of Canadian products, a total of $28 billion CAD ($20 billion USD).

· Carney said “last-minute changes” by Washington “called into question the reliability of any deal.”

· Carney says Canada will retaliate “dollar for dollar”.

· The measures apply a 50% tariff rate on U.S. imports accounting for about 5% of Canadian exports to the U.S., adding to existing tariffs on products like steel and aluminum, lumber, and motor vehicles.

· More than 80% of exports would remain duty free under CUSMA exemptions.

· Major threatened sectors. Value of 2025 Canadian exports to the U.S. under tariff threat, by category (USD): electronics and electrical equipment ($4.41 billion USD), plastics ($3.1B), furniture, bedding and lighting ($2.51B), industrial machinery ($1.58 B), paper and paperboard items ($1.34 billion USD). (information taken from CBC)

· Ontario Premier Doug Ford said: “Prime minister has my full support for a strong response—tariff for tariff, dollar for dollar.”

· B.C. Premier David Eby said: Canada’s “politeness should never be mistaken for weakness.”

· Alberta Premier Danielle Smith said: “Alberta has always advocated for a tariff free relationship and will continue to do so. No one benefits from a trade war. Tariffs and counter-tariffs hurt businesses, workers and families on both sides of the border, while weakening one of the most important economic and security relationships in the world.”

· Conservative Leader Pierre Poilievre has insisted since the beginning of these negotiations not to take a bad deal.

· U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer said Canada has declined to finalize the deal and “upended” the balance reached during the negotiations.

· Very important, the unpredictability of U.S. administration tariff policy means it is not possible for businesses to predict which sectors might be next. And that unpredictability is a weight on business confidence across all trade exposed industries, not just those directly targeted with tariffs.

· There are a little more than 15 million households in Canada. The problem is with $28 billion CAD of exports from Canada. As a reference to have a perspective, the $28 billion are roughly $1,800 CAD per year per household, or $35 CAD per week. Can Canadians help by avoiding buying U.S. products every week?

· USD/CAD exchange rate closed yesterday at 1.376. It was at 1.393 a week ago and 1.41 a month ago.

· TSX stock exchange index closed yesterday +0.7% above the previous day and +3.5% higher than a month ago.

· Last but not least, when are we going to have complete free trade between provinces?

Alberto Calva, X(Tw): @acalva

Our expertise field is corporate finance. We do consulting in corporate finance and strategy, as well as business valuations (M&A), economic value creation and profitability analysis. We give workshops for businesspeople.