<script data-pm-proxy="intercept"></script><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" version="2.0" xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:googleplay="http://www.google.com/schemas/play-podcasts/1.0"><channel><title><![CDATA[PhuongCao's Substack]]></title><description><![CDATA[Cao Thị Hồng Phương' Substack thảo luận về phương pháp giảng dạy, kiểm tra đánh giá, và thiết kế chương trình Tiếng Anh học thuật như IELTS, chương trình CLIL và cập nhật nghiên cứu mới nhất trong lĩnh vực TESOL, ngôn ngữ học ứng dụng]]></description><link>https://caothihongphuong.substack.com</link><image><url>https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6RJG!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab83f025-552e-4f72-beb1-f817c20bd2b3_905x905.jpeg</url><title>PhuongCao&apos;s Substack</title><link>https://caothihongphuong.substack.com</link></image><generator>Substack</generator><lastBuildDate>Thu, 03 Sep 2026 03:13:45 GMT</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="/__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><copyright><![CDATA[Cao Thi Hong Phuong]]></copyright><language><![CDATA[en]]></language><webMaster><![CDATA[caothihongphuong@substack.com]]></webMaster><itunes:owner><itunes:email><![CDATA[caothihongphuong@substack.com]]></itunes:email><itunes:name><![CDATA[Cao Thi Hong Phuong]]></itunes:name></itunes:owner><itunes:author><![CDATA[Cao Thi Hong Phuong]]></itunes:author><googleplay:owner><![CDATA[caothihongphuong@substack.com]]></googleplay:owner><googleplay:email><![CDATA[caothihongphuong@substack.com]]></googleplay:email><googleplay:author><![CDATA[Cao Thi Hong Phuong]]></googleplay:author><itunes:block><![CDATA[Yes]]></itunes:block><item><title><![CDATA[🇻🇳 ĐÓN TẾT ĐỘC LẬP THẬT Ý NGHĨA]]></title><description><![CDATA[B&#224;i b&#225;o &#8220;Teacher-mediated assessment washback: Classroom assessment under Vietnam&#8217;s English National Graduation Examination&#8221; c&#7911;a b&#7885;n m&#236;nh &#273;&#227; ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c xu&#7845;t b&#7843;n.]]></description><link>https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/on-tet-oc-lap-that-y-nghia</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/on-tet-oc-lap-that-y-nghia</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Cao Thi Hong Phuong]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 31 Aug 2026 07:10:04 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xyiE!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ed30e73-e977-4dcc-bbdf-ba3df3451be7_1024x608.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span>V&#7899;i b&#7885;n m&#236;nh, &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#225;ng nh&#7899; kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t b&#224;i b&#225;o &#273;&#432;&#7907;c xu&#7845;t b&#7843;n, m&#224; l&#224; c&#7843; m&#7897;t h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh &#273;&#7891;ng h&#224;nh c&#249;ng h&#7885;c vi&#234;n l&#7899;p Pathway.</span></p><p><span>T&#7915; nh&#7919;ng bu&#7893;i &#273;&#7847;u h&#432;&#7899;ng d&#7851;n c&#225;ch d&#249;ng Zotero &#273;&#7875; qu&#7843;n l&#253; t&#224;i li&#7879;u v&#224; tr&#237;ch d&#7851;n; c&#249;ng nhau h&#7885;c c&#225;ch &#273;&#7885;c m&#7897;t b&#224;i nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u, t&#236;m kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng, thu th&#7853;p s&#7889; li&#7879;u, ph&#226;n t&#237;ch s&#7889; li&#234;&#7909;, x&#226;y d&#7921;ng l&#7853;p lu&#7853;n trong bi&#7875;n data; r&#7891;i h&#7871;t v&#242;ng n&#224;y &#273;&#7871;n v&#242;ng kh&#225;c s&#7917;a b&#7843;n th&#7843;o, &#273;&#7885;c &#273;i &#273;&#7885;c l&#7841;i t&#7915;ng &#273;o&#7841;n, r&#224; t&#7915;ng l&#7895;i. C&#243; nh&#7919;ng l&#250;c t&#432;&#7903;ng nh&#432; &#273;&#227; xong, nh&#432;ng &#273;&#7885;c l&#7841;i v&#7851;n th&#7845;y m&#7897;t c&#226;u c&#7847;n vi&#7871;t r&#245; h&#417;n, m&#7897;t &#253; c&#7847;n l&#7853;p lu&#7853;n ch&#7863;t h&#417;n, hay m&#7897;t t&#224;i li&#7879;u c&#7847;n ki&#7875;m tra l&#7841;i.</span></p><p><span>Qu&#225; tr&#236;nh review c&#361;ng l&#224; m&#7897;t b&#224;i h&#7885;c v&#7873; s&#7921; ki&#234;n tr&#236;. Ch&#7901; &#273;&#7907;i, nh&#7853;n ph&#7843;n bi&#7879;n, c&#243; l&#250;c h&#417;i n&#7843;n khi th&#7845;y m&#7897;t danh s&#225;ch d&#224;i nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7875;m c&#7847;n s&#7917;a &#128517;, r&#7891;i l&#7841;i ng&#7891;i c&#249;ng nhau &#273;&#7885;c t&#7915;ng comment, c&#226;n nh&#7855;c, ch&#7881;nh s&#7917;a v&#224; vi&#7871;t response. C&#7913; th&#7871;, b&#7843;n th&#7843;o t&#7889;t d&#7847;n l&#234;n sau m&#7895;i v&#242;ng review, v&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#224;m nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u c&#361;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng th&#224;nh h&#417;n sau m&#7895;i l&#7847;n s&#7917;a.</span></p><p><span>Nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u, v&#7899;i m&#236;nh, c&#361;ng l&#224; m&#7897;t qu&#225; tr&#236;nh h&#7885;c ngh&#7873; nh&#432; th&#7871;. C&#225;c b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#7915; nh&#7919;ng vi&#7879;c r&#7845;t nh&#7887;, ki&#234;n nh&#7851;n l&#224;m t&#7915;ng b&#432;&#7899;c, nh&#7853;n ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i, s&#7917;a ch&#7919;a, r&#7891;i l&#7841;i ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c. Kh&#244;ng ai bi&#7871;t l&#224;m nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u ngay t&#7915; &#273;&#7847;u; ai c&#361;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng th&#224;nh d&#7847;n qua ch&#237;nh qu&#225; tr&#236;nh &#7845;y.</span></p><p><span>V&#236; v&#7853;y, nh&#236;n th&#7845;y t&#234;n h&#7885;c vi&#234;n c&#7911;a m&#236;nh tr&#234;n m&#7897;t b&#224;i b&#225;o khoa h&#7885;c c&#243; l&#7869; l&#224; m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng ni&#7873;m vui &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a ngh&#7873; d&#7841;y h&#7885;c. Kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; v&#236; c&#243; th&#234;m m&#7897;t </span><em><span>publication</span></em><span>, m&#224; v&#236; m&#236;nh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7913;ng ki&#7871;n m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c t&#7915;ng b&#432;&#7899;c &#273;i t&#7915; h&#7885;c c&#225;ch l&#224;m nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u &#273;&#7871;n th&#7921;c s&#7921; tham gia v&#224;o m&#7897;t d&#7921; &#225;n nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#244;ng b&#7889;.</span></p><p><span>Ch&#250;c m&#7915;ng em Nga v&#224; c&#7843;m &#417;n c&#244; H&#7857;ng v&#236; m&#7897;t h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh c&#7897;ng t&#225;c th&#7853;t nhi&#7873;u &#253; ngh&#297;a. &#10084;&#65039; Teamwork hi&#7879;u qu&#7843;, nh&#432;ng ph&#237;a sau hai ch&#7919; hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; &#7845;y l&#224; r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u ki&#234;n tr&#236;, nh&#7851;n n&#7841;i, v&#224; tr&#225;ch nhi&#7879;m.</span></p><p><span>Nh&#226;n ti&#7879;n c&#361;ng chia s&#7867; v&#7899;i c&#225;c b&#7841;n &#273;ang h&#7885;c MA ho&#7863;c PhD trong l&#297;nh v&#7921;c Applied Linguistics and ELT. </span><em><span>The Asian Journal of Applied Linguistics</span></em><span> l&#224; m&#7897;t t&#7841;p ch&#237; scopus x&#7883;n x&#242;, kh&#225; ph&#249; h&#7907;p &#273;&#7875; c&#225;c b&#7841;n &#273;&#7885;c, tham kh&#7843;o c&#225;ch vi&#7871;t v&#224; c&#226;n nh&#7855;c cho nh&#7919;ng nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n c&#7911;a m&#236;nh, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u g&#7855;n v&#7899;i b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y v&#224; h&#7885;c ng&#244;n ng&#7919; &#7903; ch&#226;u &#193;. Link m&#236;nh &#273;&#7875; trong comment.</span></p><p><span>Hy v&#7885;ng &#273;&#226;y m&#7899;i ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng d&#7845;u m&#7889;c &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n tr&#234;n h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u c&#242;n d&#224;i ph&#237;a tr&#432;&#7899;c. M&#224; &#273;&#227; g&#7885;i l&#224; Pathway r&#7891;i, quan tr&#7885;ng &#273;&#226;u ch&#7881; l&#224; &#273;&#237;ch &#273;&#7871;n, m&#224; c&#242;n l&#224; con &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng c&#249;ng nhau &#273;i qua.</span></p><p><em><span>C&#242;n b&#224;i b&#225;o vi&#7871;t v&#7873; c&#225;i g&#236;?</span></em></p><p><span>M&#7897;t c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n kh&#225; quen thu&#7897;c v&#7899;i gi&#225;o vi&#234;n ti&#7871;ng Anh ph&#7893; th&#244;ng. Khi ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh h&#432;&#7899;ng t&#7899;i ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n n&#259;ng l&#7921;c giao ti&#7871;p, nh&#432;ng k&#7923; thi t&#7889;t nghi&#7879;p THPT l&#7841;i ch&#7911; y&#7871;u &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; &#273;&#7885;c hi&#7875;u, t&#7915; v&#7921;ng v&#224; ng&#7919; ph&#225;p, th&#236; gi&#225;o vi&#234;n s&#7869; l&#224;m g&#236;?</span></p><p><span>Qua ph&#7887;ng v&#7845;n, quan s&#225;t l&#7899;p h&#7885;c v&#224; ph&#226;n t&#237;ch t&#224;i li&#7879;u &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; c&#7911;a 6 gi&#225;o vi&#234;n THPT, b&#7885;n m&#236;nh nh&#7853;n th&#7845;y washback kh&#244;ng &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n l&#224; thi g&#236; d&#7841;y n&#7845;y. Gi&#225;o vi&#234;n ch&#237;nh l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i trung gian (teacher mediator</span><strong><span>)</span></strong><span>, li&#234;n t&#7909;c c&#226;n b&#7857;ng gi&#7919;a m&#7909;c ti&#234;u c&#7911;a ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh v&#224; &#225;p l&#7921;c gi&#250;p h&#7885;c sinh &#273;&#7841;t k&#7871;t qu&#7843; t&#7889;t trong k&#7923; thi.</span></p><p><em><span>M&#7897;t ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n &#273;&#225;ng suy ngh&#297; l&#224; ngay c&#7843; formative assessment c&#361;ng c&#243; xu h&#432;&#7899;ng tr&#7903; th&#224;nh nh&#7919;ng v&#242;ng luy&#7879;n thi nh&#7887;, bao g&#7891;m ch&#7919;a &#273;&#225;p &#225;n, s&#7917;a l&#7895;i, luy&#7879;n d&#7841;ng b&#224;i v&#224; chi&#7871;n thu&#7853;t l&#224;m b&#224;i. &#272;i&#7875;m s&#7889; c&#243; th&#7875; t&#7889;t l&#234;n, nh&#432;ng li&#7879;u n&#259;ng l&#7921;c giao ti&#7871;p c&#7911;a h&#7885;c sinh c&#361;ng ti&#7871;n b&#7897; t&#432;&#417;ng &#7913;ng!!!</span></em></p><p><span>V&#236; v&#7853;y, mu&#7889;n t&#7841;o ra positive washback, c&#243; l&#7869; thay &#273;&#7893;i &#273;&#7873; thi th&#244;i ch&#432;a &#273;&#7911;; &#273;i&#7873;u quan tr&#7885;ng l&#224; ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh, c&#225;ch thi v&#224; nh&#7919;ng g&#236; ch&#250;ng ta k&#7923; v&#7885;ng &#7903; gi&#225;o vi&#234;n, h&#7885;c sinh c&#7847;n th&#7921;c s&#7921; &#273;i c&#249;ng m&#7897;t h&#432;&#7899;ng.</span></p><p>https://caes.hku.hk/ajal/index.php/ajal/index </p><p><span>#Pathway #ResearchJourney #AppliedLinguistics #Teamwork</span></p><p><span>Pathwaytoresearchsuccess</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xyiE!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ed30e73-e977-4dcc-bbdf-ba3df3451be7_1024x608.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Publication </figcaption></figure></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[THESIS CỦA BẠN CÓ MẠCH LẠC KHÔNG?]]></title><description><![CDATA[B&#7841;n &#273;&#227; bao gi&#7901; b&#7883; gi&#225;o vi&#234;n h&#432;&#7899;ng d&#7851;n nh&#7853;n x&#233;t r&#7857;ng thesis c&#7911;a b&#7841;n]]></description><link>https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/thesis-cua-ban-co-mach-lac-khong</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/thesis-cua-ban-co-mach-lac-khong</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Cao Thi Hong Phuong]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 05 Jun 2026 15:24:25 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!H2jh!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96bc1476-97a6-49ab-998d-ad037c104077_2338x1276.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p> thi&#7871;u t&#237;nh li&#234;n k&#7871;t?</p><p>thi&#7871;u s&#7921; m&#7841;ch l&#7841;c?</p><p> Hay l&#224; nh&#236;n c&#226;y m&#224; kh&#244;ng th&#7845;y r&#7915;ng kh&#244;ng?</p></blockquote><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n say yes, th&#236; b&#7841;n kh&#244;ng h&#7873; c&#244; &#273;&#417;n, v&#224; b&#224;i vi&#7871;t n&#224;y d&#224;nh cho b&#7841;n</p><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><p>M&#7897;t v&#259;n b&#7843;n m&#7841;ch l&#7841;c l&#224; g&#236;?</p></div><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; v&#259;n b&#7843;n m&#224; m&#7885;i ph&#7847;n &#273;&#7873;u k&#7871;t n&#7889;i v&#7899;i t&#7893;ng th&#7875;. Nghe th&#236; c&#243; v&#7867; hi&#7875;n nhi&#234;n, nh&#432;ng th&#7921;c ra &#273;&#226;y l&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i vi&#7871;t kh&#244;ng d&#7877; &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c. M&#7897;t ph&#7847;n c&#361;ng l&#224; b&#7903;i v&#236; t&#7893;ng th&#7875; r&#7845;t d&#7877; bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t kh&#7887;i t&#7847;m nh&#236;n c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i vi&#7871;t, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng v&#259;n b&#7843;n d&#224;i nh&#432; ki&#7875;u thesis &#273;&#432;&#7907;c vi&#7871;t qua nhi&#7873;u ng&#224;y, nhi&#7873;u tu&#7847;n ho&#7863;c nhi&#7873;u th&#225;ng. To&#224;n b&#7897; lu&#7853;n &#273;i&#7875;m (argument) c&#7911;a b&#224;i vi&#7871;t hi&#7871;m khi xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n c&#249;ng l&#250;c.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading PhuongCao's Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><p>M&#7841;ch l&#7841;c (coherence) th&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7883; nh&#7847;m v&#7899;i t&#237;nh li&#234;n k&#7871;t (cohesion). </p></div><p>Li&#234;n k&#7871;t l&#224; l&#7899;p k&#7871;t n&#7889;i tr&#234;n b&#7873; m&#7863;t c&#7911;a v&#259;n b&#7843;n. &#272;&#243; l&#224; vi&#7879;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng nh&#7919;ng c&#226;u d&#7851;n, nh&#7919;ng &#273;o&#7841;n chuy&#7875;n &#253;, nh&#7919;ng c&#7909;m t&#7915; b&#225;o tr&#432;&#7899;c ho&#7863;c g&#7907;i l&#7841;i, nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#7841;i t&#7915; li&#234;n k&#7871;t v&#7873; danh t&#7915; tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#243;, hay nh&#7919;ng c&#226;u m&#7903; &#273;&#7847;u ti&#7871;p n&#7889;i m&#7841;ch c&#7911;a c&#226;u tr&#432;&#7899;c. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y r&#7845;t quan tr&#7885;ng v&#236; m&#7897;t v&#259;n b&#7843;n li&#234;n k&#7871;t k&#233;m th&#236; khi&#7871;n vi&#7879;c &#273;&#7885;c tr&#7903; n&#234;n v&#244; c&#249;ng kh&#243; kh&#259;n. Nhi&#7873;u khi ch&#237;nh ng&#432;&#7901;i vi&#7871;t &#273;&#7885;c l&#7841;i b&#7843;n m&#236;nh vi&#7871;t h&#244;m qua &#273;&#227; ph&#7843;i th&#7889;t l&#234;n, &#7911;a m&#236;nh &#273;&#227; vi&#7871;t c&#225;i g&#236; v&#7853;y ta.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!H2jh!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96bc1476-97a6-49ab-998d-ad037c104077_2338x1276.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!H2jh!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_424, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, 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/__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96bc1476-97a6-49ab-998d-ad037c104077_2338x1276.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!H2jh!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_848, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96bc1476-97a6-49ab-998d-ad037c104077_2338x1276.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!H2jh!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96bc1476-97a6-49ab-998d-ad037c104077_2338x1276.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!H2jh!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96bc1476-97a6-49ab-998d-ad037c104077_2338x1276.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><p>Nh&#432;ng m&#7897;t v&#259;n b&#7843;n c&#243; th&#7875; li&#234;n k&#7871;t r&#7845;t t&#7889;t m&#224; v&#7851;n thi&#7871;u s&#7921; m&#7841;ch l&#7841;c. </p></div><p>C&#225;c &#273;o&#7841;n v&#259;n c&#243; th&#7875; tr&#244;i ch&#7843;y, m&#7873;m m&#7841;i v&#224; n&#7889;i ti&#7871;p nhau &#273;&#7847;y t&#7921; nhi&#234;n. Tuy v&#7853;y, v&#259;n b&#7843;n v&#7851;n kh&#244;ng th&#7921;c s&#7921; mach l&#7841;c, n&#7871;u c&#225;c &#273;o&#7841;n trong v&#259;n b&#7843;n &#7845;y  kh&#244;ng c&#249;ng h&#432;&#7899;ng v&#7873; m&#7897;t tr&#7909;c chung g&#7885;i l&#224; main argument. M&#7841;ch l&#7841;c l&#224; v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; c&#7911;a c&#7845;u tr&#250;c. N&#243; li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n vi&#7879;c li&#7879;u l&#7853;p lu&#7853;n c&#243; xoay quanh x&#432;&#417;ng s&#7889;ng hay kh&#244;ng, c&#243; t&#7853;p trung l&#224;m t&#7889;t argument t&#7893;ng c&#7911;a b&#224;i hay kh&#244;ng?</p><p>X&#432;&#417;ng s&#7889;ng &#273;&#243; gi&#7919; to&#224;n b&#7897; v&#259;n b&#7843;n l&#7841;i v&#7899;i nhau. Trong vi&#7871;t h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t, x&#432;&#417;ng s&#7889;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng l&#224; lu&#7853;n &#273;i&#7875;m trung t&#226;m (main argument) ho&#7863;c c&#226;u h&#7887;i ch&#237;nh m&#224; b&#224;i vi&#7871;t xoay quanh. Trong m&#7897;t b&#224;i b&#225;o khoa h&#7885;c, lu&#7853;n &#273;i&#7875;m ho&#7863;c c&#226;u h&#7887;i &#7845;y th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c n&#234;u r&#245; &#7903; cu&#7889;i ph&#7847;n m&#7903; &#273;&#7847;u.</p><p>B&#224;i vi&#7871;t n&#224;y l&#7853;p lu&#7853;n &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236;, n&#243; mu&#7889;n ch&#7881; ra &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236;. T&#7915; &#273;&#243;, m&#7895;i ph&#7847;n c&#7911;a b&#224;i vi&#7871;t &#273;&#7873;u th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n m&#7897;t ch&#7913;c n&#259;ng li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n lu&#7853;n &#273;i&#7875;m &#7845;y, thi&#7871;t l&#7853;p b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh, &#273;&#432;a ra b&#7857;ng ch&#7913;ng, gi&#7843;i quy&#7871;t  v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873;, &#273;&#7863;t gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n cho l&#7853;p lu&#7853;n ho&#7863;c tri&#7875;n khai h&#7879; qu&#7843; c&#7911;a n&#243;. M&#7897;t ph&#7847;n kh&#244;ng &#273;&#243;ng g&#243;p g&#236; cho l&#7853;p lu&#7853;n s&#7869; kh&#244;ng t&#7841;o ra s&#7921; m&#7841;ch l&#7841;c, b&#7845;t k&#7875; b&#7843;n th&#226;n ph&#7847;n &#273;&#243; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c vi&#7871;t t&#7889;t &#273;&#7871;n &#273;&#226;u.</p><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; l&#224; &#7903; ch&#7895; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; n&#7897;i dung m&#236;nh vi&#7871;t c&#243; hay kh&#244;ng m&#224; l&#224; n&#7897;i dung n&#224;y &#273;&#243;ng vai tr&#242; g&#236; &#7903; &#273;&#226;y, trong m&#7889;i quan h&#7879; v&#7899;i lu&#7853;n &#273;i&#7875;m ch&#237;nh m&#224; b&#224;i vi&#7871;t &#273;ang c&#7889; g&#7855;ng di&#7877;n &#273;&#7841;t.</p><blockquote><p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i vi&#7871;t lu&#7853;n v&#259;n g&#7863;p kh&#243; kh&#259;n g&#236;?</p></blockquote><p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i vi&#7871;t lu&#7853;n &#225;n ti&#7871;n s&#297;, ho&#7863;c lu&#7853;n v&#259;n th&#7841;c s&#297;  th&#432;&#7901;ng g&#7863;p v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; v&#7873; m&#7841;ch l&#7841;c &#7903; nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7875;m kh&#225; quen thu&#7897;c. &#272;i&#7875;n h&#236;nh nh&#432; ph&#7847;n t&#7893;ng quan t&#224;i li&#7879;u bi&#7871;n th&#224;nh danh s&#225;ch t&#243;m t&#7855;t. Ng&#432;&#7901;i vi&#7871;t l&#7847;n l&#432;&#7907;t &#273;i qua t&#7915;ng ngu&#7891;n, m&#244; t&#7843; t&#7915;ng t&#225;c gi&#7843; n&#243;i g&#236;, cho th&#7845;y m&#236;nh &#273;&#7885;c r&#7845;t r&#7897;ng nh&#432;ng l&#7841;i kh&#244;ng x&#226;y d&#7921;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#7897;t h&#432;&#7899;ng l&#7853;p lu&#7853;n k&#7871;t n&#7889;i tr&#7903; l&#7841;i c&#226;u h&#7887;i nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u c&#7911;a ch&#237;nh m&#236;nh. &#272;&#226;y ch&#237;nh l&#224; l&#253; do t&#7841;i sao, nh&#236;n c&#226;y m&#224; kh&#244;ng th&#7845;y r&#7915;ng,</p><p>M&#7897;t tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p kh&#225;c l&#224; ch&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c vi&#7871;t qu&#225; s&#7899;m trong qu&#225; tr&#236;nh l&#224;m lu&#7853;n &#225;n r&#7891;i kh&#244;ng bao gi&#7901; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7881;nh s&#7917;a l&#7841;i &#273;&#7875; ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i h&#432;&#7899;ng &#273;i sau n&#224;y c&#7911;a thesis. L&#7853;p lu&#7853;n trong ch&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#243; t&#7915;ng ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i m&#7897;t d&#7921; &#225;n kh&#225;c, v&#224; gi&#7901; n&#243; n&#7857;m h&#417;i l&#7879;ch so v&#7899;i to&#224;n b&#7897; ph&#7847;n c&#242;n l&#7841;i. Ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7885;c c&#243; th&#7875; c&#7843;m nh&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7897; l&#7879;ch &#7845;y.</p><p>M&#7897;t &#273;i&#7875;m kh&#225;c th&#432;&#7901;ng xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n &#7903; ph&#7847;n discussion, n&#417;i ng&#432;&#7901;i vi&#7871;t b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u &#273;&#432;a v&#224;o nh&#7919;ng &#253; t&#432;&#7903;ng, kh&#225;i ni&#7879;m ho&#7863;c h&#7879; th&#7889;ng l&#253; thuy&#7871;t m&#7899;i ch&#432;a t&#7915;ng xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n trong ph&#7847;n khung l&#253; thuy&#7871;t, c&#243; th&#7875; v&#236; h&#7885; th&#7845;y th&#250; v&#7883; ho&#7863;c v&#236; d&#7919; li&#7879;u d&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#432; g&#7907;i m&#7903; &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243;. Nh&#432;ng discussion l&#224; n&#417;i ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n v&#224; m&#7903; r&#7897;ng &#273;i&#7873;u m&#224; thesis &#273;&#227; thi&#7871;t l&#7853;p, ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i n&#417;i b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u m&#7897;t cu&#7897;c tr&#242; chuy&#7879;n ho&#224;n to&#224;n m&#7899;i.</p><p>C&#225;c v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; v&#7873; t&#237;nh m&#7841;ch l&#7841;c th&#432;&#7901;ng xu&#7845;t ph&#225;t t&#7915; s&#7921; thi&#7871;t g&#7855;n k&#7871;t gi&#7919;a n&#7897;i dung t&#7893;ng th&#7875; v&#224; t&#7915;ng ph&#7847;n ri&#234;ng l&#7867;. Ng&#432;&#7901;i vi&#7871;t qu&#225; t&#7853;p trung v&#224;o t&#7915;ng &#273;o&#7841;n ho&#7863;c t&#7915;ng ch&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c &#273;&#225;nh m&#7845;t vi&#7879;c ch&#250;ng &#273;ang &#273;&#243;ng vai tr&#242; g&#236; trong c&#7845;u tr&#250;c l&#7899;n h&#417;n. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y th&#7921;c ra r&#7845;t d&#7877; hi&#7875;u Khi b&#7841;n ch&#236;m &#273;&#7855;m trong m&#7897;t ch&#432;&#417;ng, ch&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#243; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh to&#224;n b&#7897; th&#7871; gi&#7899;i c&#7911;a b&#7841;n. V&#7853;y &#273;&#7875; ch&#432;&#417;ng n&#224;y k&#7871;t n&#7889;i v&#7899;i l&#7853;p lu&#7853;n trung t&#226;m &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i ng&#432;&#7901;i vi&#7871;t ph&#7843;i nh&#236;n nh&#7853;n v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; kh&#225;i qu&#225;t h&#417;n, &#273;i&#7873;u m&#224; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#250;c n&#224;o c&#361;ng d&#7877; th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n,nh&#7845;t l&#224; khi b&#7841;n c&#242;n &#273;ang loay hoay v&#7899;i vi&#7879;c vi&#7871;t ti&#7871;p c&#226;u ti&#7871;p theo.</p><blockquote><p>V&#7853;y ph&#7843;i l&#224;m g&#236; &#273;&#7875; t&#7841;o ra s&#7921; m&#7841;ch l&#7841;c?</p></blockquote><p>M&#7897;t  g&#7907;i &#253; h&#7919;u &#237;ch l&#224; h&#227;y h&#236;nh th&#224;nh th&#243;i quen li&#234;n t&#7909;c &#273;&#7889;i chi&#7871;u ph&#7847;n c&#7909; th&#7875;  v&#7899;i to&#224;n b&#7897; b&#224;i vi&#7871;t. M&#7897;t chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; l&#224; backward mapping. H&#227;y vi&#7871;t m&#7897;t c&#226;u m&#244; t&#7843; ch&#7913;c n&#259;ng c&#7911;a t&#7915;ng &#273;o&#7841;n v&#259;n, t&#7921; h&#7887;i xem c&#226;u n&#224;y &#273;ang ph&#7909;c v&#7909; &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236; trong l&#7853;p lu&#7853;n chung, r&#7891;i &#273;&#7885;c t&#7845;t c&#7843; c&#225;c c&#226;u &#273;&#243; theo th&#7913; t&#7921;.</p><p>N&#7871;u chu&#7895;i c&#226;u &#7845;y t&#7841;o th&#224;nh m&#7897;t phi&#234;n b&#7843;n c&#244; &#273;&#7885;ng nh&#432;ng h&#7907;p l&#253; c&#7911;a l&#7853;p lu&#7853;n, nhi&#7873;u kh&#7843; n&#259;ng v&#259;n b&#7843;n &#273;&#227; m&#7841;ch l&#7841;c. N&#7871;u kh&#244;ng, ho&#7863;c n&#7871;u nhi&#7873;u c&#226;u ch&#7881; &#273;&#417;n thu&#7847;n m&#244; t&#7843; n&#7897;i dung, b&#224;i vi&#7871;t c&#243; l&#7869; v&#7851;n thi&#7871;u &#273;&#7883;nh Vi&#7879;c ch&#7881;nh s&#7917;a &#273;&#243;ng vai tr&#242; quan tr&#7885;ng gi&#250;p kh&#7855;c ph&#7909;c c&#225;c v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; v&#7873; t&#237;nh m&#7841;ch l&#7841;c c&#7911;a lu&#7853;n v&#259;n, b&#7903;i nh&#7919;ng v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; n&#224;y th&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#243; nh&#7853;n ra khi &#253; t&#432;&#7903;ng m&#7899;i ch&#7881; &#7903; trong &#273;&#7847;u. &#272;&#226;y c&#361;ng l&#224; l&#253; do c&#225;c chuy&#234;n gia vi&#7871;t h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t th&#432;&#7901;ng khuy&#234;n h&#227;y b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u vi&#7871;t ngay c&#7843; khi &#253; t&#432;&#7903;ng ch&#432;a ho&#224;n thi&#7879;n. M&#7897;t b&#7843;n nh&#225;p ch&#432;a ho&#224;n thi&#7879;n hay thi&#7871;u m&#7841;ch l&#7841;c v&#7851;n t&#7889;t h&#417;n, khi &#273;&#243; b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; r&#224; so&#225;t v&#224; ch&#7881;nh s&#7917;a. Hay n&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c, ng&#432;&#7901;i vi&#7871;t ch&#7881; c&#243; th&#7875; ho&#224;n thi&#7879;n t&#237;nh m&#7841;ch l&#7841;c khi &#273;&#227; c&#243; b&#7843;n th&#7843;o.</p><p>Sau c&#249;ng, m&#7841;ch l&#7841;c l&#224; k&#7871;t qu&#7843; c&#7911;a m&#7897;t l&#7853;p lu&#7853;n r&#245; r&#224;ng (clear argument). N&#7871;u b&#7841;n bi&#7871;t m&#236;nh &#273;ang l&#7853;p lu&#7853;n &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236;, b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#7863;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i v&#7899;i t&#7915;ng ph&#7847;n c&#7911;a b&#224;i vi&#7871;t r&#7857;ng li&#7879;u n&#243; c&#243; &#273;ang ph&#7909;c v&#7909; cho l&#7853;p lu&#7853;n &#7845;y hay kh&#244;ng. N&#7871;u b&#7841;n v&#7851;n ch&#432;a th&#7921;c s&#7921; bi&#7871;t l&#7853;p lu&#7853;n c&#7911;a m&#236;nh l&#224; g&#236; v&#224; &#273;ang vi&#7871;t &#273;&#7875; t&#236;m ra n&#243;, v&#259;n b&#7843;n s&#7869; ph&#7843;n &#225;nh s&#7921; ch&#432;a ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n &#273;&#243;, d&#249; t&#7915;ng ph&#7847;n ri&#234;ng l&#7867; c&#243; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c trau chu&#7889;t &#273;&#7871;n &#273;&#226;u. V&#224; n&#7871;u b&#7841;n bi&#7871;t r&#7857;ng l&#7853;p lu&#7853;n c&#7911;a m&#236;nh v&#7851;n ch&#432;a th&#7853;t s&#7921; &#273;&#7883;nh h&#236;nh, c&#243; l&#7869; &#273;i&#7873;u c&#7847;n l&#224;m ti&#7871;p theo l&#224; nh&#236;n l&#7841;i t&#237;nh m&#7841;ch l&#7841;c c&#7911;a to&#224;n b&#7897; b&#224;i vi&#7871;t, thay v&#236; ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c ch&#7881;nh s&#7917;a t&#7915;ng ph&#7847;n nh&#7887;.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y kh&#244;ng h&#7873; d&#7877; d&#224;ng, &#237;t nh&#7845;t l&#224; v&#7899;i m&#236;nh. Tu&#7847;n qua m&#236;nh c&#361;ng v&#7915;a nh&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i t&#417;i t&#7843; t&#7915; gi&#225;o s&#432; c&#7911;a m&#236;nh, r&#7889;t cu&#7897;c c&#361;ng xoay quanh ch&#7919; argument. C&#224;ng vi&#7871;t c&#224;ng th&#7845;y, vi&#7871;t ch&#237;nh l&#224; m&#7897;t qu&#225; tr&#236;nh h&#7885;c h&#7887;i. S&#7855;p gi&#224; &#273;&#7871;n n&#417;i, g&#7847;n v&#7873; h&#432;u r&#7891;i m&#224; ng&#224;y n&#224;o c&#361;ng v&#7851;n ph&#7843;i h&#7885;c th&#234;m.</p><p>Phuong Cao</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading PhuongCao's Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[RESEARCH GAP ]]></title><description><![CDATA[Kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng trong nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u]]></description><link>https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/research-gap</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/research-gap</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Cao Thi Hong Phuong]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 28 May 2026 14:49:56 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qrN6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac436730-5df7-434e-b183-a3bd6234ba82_1438x1170.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Trong l&#297;nh v&#7921;c gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y ti&#7871;ng Anh, &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c hi&#7875;u &#273;&#417;n thu&#7847;n l&#224; vi&#7879;c cho &#273;i&#7875;m hay ki&#7875;m tra cu&#7889;i k&#7923;. Nh&#7919;ng n&#259;m g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y, nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u qu&#7889;c t&#7871; xem &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; nh&#432; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n c&#7911;a qu&#225; tr&#236;nh h&#7885;c t&#7853;p, n&#417;i ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c c&#243; th&#7875; nh&#7853;n ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i, t&#7921; &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh v&#224; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n n&#259;ng l&#7921;c ng&#244;n ng&#7919; li&#234;n t&#7909;c. Tuy nhi&#234;n, m&#7863;c d&#249; assessment &#273;&#227; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh m&#7897;t ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; r&#7845;t ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n trong l&#297;nh v&#7921;c h&#7865;p n&#224;y, hay r&#7897;ng h&#417;n l&#224; TESOL. nhi&#7873;u sinh vi&#234;n v&#7851;n g&#7863;p kh&#243; kh&#259;n khi x&#225;c &#273;&#7883;nh research gap cho &#273;&#7873; t&#224;i c&#7911;a m&#236;nh.</p><p>Sai l&#7847;m ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n nh&#7845;t l&#224; cho r&#7857;ng research gap ch&#7881; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n l&#224; ch&#432;a c&#243; ai nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u &#7903; Vi&#7879;t Nam ho&#7863;c ch&#432;a c&#243; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u t&#7841;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng em. C&#225;ch x&#225;c &#273;&#7883;nh n&#224;y th&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#432;a &#273;&#7911; s&#7913;c thuy&#7871;t ph&#7909;c v&#7873; m&#7863;t h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t. Trong nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u qu&#7889;c t&#7871;, m&#7897;t research gap m&#7841;nh ph&#7843;i xu&#7845;t ph&#225;t t&#7915; v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; m&#224; literature hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i ch&#432;a gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911;, ch&#432;a th&#7889;ng nh&#7845;t ho&#7863;c ch&#432;a ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i th&#7921;c ti&#7877;n gi&#225;o d&#7909;c m&#7899;i.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading PhuongCao's Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p>M&#7897;t v&#237; d&#7909; &#273;i&#7875;n h&#236;nh trong assessment l&#224; v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; qu&#225; tr&#236;nh. Nhi&#7873;u nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u t&#7841;i Anh, &#218;c v&#224; Canada cho th&#7845;y &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; qu&#225; tr&#236;nh gi&#250;p ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c ch&#7911; &#273;&#7897;ng h&#417;n trong vi&#7879;c h&#7885;c ti&#7871;ng Anh. Khi sinh vi&#234;n nh&#7853;n ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&#234;n thay v&#236; ch&#7881; thi cu&#7889;i k&#7923;, h&#7885; c&#243; xu h&#432;&#7899;ng t&#7921; &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh l&#7895;i v&#224; c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n k&#7929; n&#259;ng hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; h&#417;n. Tuy nhi&#234;n, &#7903; nhi&#7873;u qu&#7889;c gia ch&#226;u &#193;, trong &#273;&#243; c&#243; Vi&#7879;t Nam, th&#7921;c t&#7871; l&#7899;p h&#7885;c l&#7841;i kh&#225;c. Ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c th&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#250; tr&#7885;ng &#273;i&#7875;m s&#7889; cu&#7889;i k&#7923; h&#417;n ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i trong qu&#225; tr&#236;nh h&#7885;c. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y xu&#7845;t ph&#225;t t&#7915; v&#259;n h&#243;a thi c&#7917; v&#224; t&#226;m l&#253; xem b&#224;i ki&#7875;m tra l&#224; th&#432;&#7899;c &#273;o ch&#237;nh c&#7911;a n&#259;ng l&#7921;c.</p><p>Ch&#237;nh s&#7921; kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t n&#224;y t&#7841;o ra m&#7897;t research gap c&#243; gi&#225; tr&#7883; h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t. V&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n l&#224; Vi&#7879;t Nam ch&#432;a nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; qu&#225; tr&#236;nh, m&#224; l&#224;: li&#7879;u c&#225;c l&#253; thuy&#7871;t v&#7873; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; qu&#225; tr&#236;nh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&#226;y d&#7921;ng &#7903; ph&#432;&#417;ng T&#226;y c&#243; th&#7853;t s&#7921; ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7885;c t&#7853;p ch&#7883;u &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng m&#7841;nh c&#7911;a thi c&#7917; t&#7841;i Vi&#7879;t Nam hay kh&#244;ng. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u m&#7841;nh v&#236; n&#243; gi&#250;p ki&#7875;m tra gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n c&#7911;a l&#253; thuy&#7871;t hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i trong m&#7897;t b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh gi&#225;o d&#7909;c kh&#225;c.</p><p>M&#7897;t v&#237; d&#7909; kh&#225;c li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n n&#259;ng l&#7921;c &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; c&#7911;a gi&#225;o vi&#234;n ti&#7871;ng Anh. Tr&#234;n th&#7871; gi&#7899;i, nhi&#7873;u nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u cho th&#7845;y gi&#225;o vi&#234;n th&#432;&#7901;ng g&#7863;p kh&#243; kh&#259;n trong vi&#7879;c thi&#7871;t k&#7871; ti&#234;u ch&#237; ch&#7845;m &#273;i&#7875;m, ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i b&#224;i vi&#7871;t ho&#7863;c &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o t&#237;nh c&#244;ng b&#7857;ng trong &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; k&#7929; n&#259;ng n&#243;i. Tuy nhi&#234;n, &#7903; nhi&#7873;u n&#432;&#7899;c ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n, gi&#225;o vi&#234;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#224;o t&#7841;o kh&#225; b&#224;i b&#7843;n v&#7873; assessment literacy ngay t&#7915; ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh &#273;&#224;o t&#7841;o s&#432; ph&#7841;m.</p><p>Trong khi &#273;&#243;, t&#7841;i Vi&#7879;t Nam, nhi&#7873;u gi&#225;o vi&#234;n ph&#7843;i chuy&#7875;n nhanh t&#7915; h&#236;nh th&#7913;c ki&#7875;m tra truy&#7873;n th&#7889;ng sang &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; theo n&#259;ng l&#7921;c, nh&#432;ng ch&#432;a &#273;&#432;&#7907;c h&#7895; tr&#7907; &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911; v&#7873; chuy&#234;n m&#244;n &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225;. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y t&#7841;o ra kho&#7843;ng c&#225;ch gi&#7919;a y&#234;u c&#7847;u c&#7911;a ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh gi&#225;o d&#7909;c v&#224; th&#7921;c t&#7871; gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y trong l&#7899;p h&#7885;c. V&#236; v&#7853;y, research gap kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m &#7903; vi&#7879;c kh&#7843;o s&#225;t gi&#225;o vi&#234;n Vi&#7879;t Nam, m&#224; c&#243; th&#7875; &#7903; vi&#7879;c l&#253; gi&#7843;i v&#236; sao gi&#225;o vi&#234;n g&#7863;p kh&#243; kh&#259;n khi &#225;p d&#7909;ng c&#225;c h&#236;nh th&#7913;c &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; m&#7899;i v&#224;o th&#7921;c ti&#7877;n.</p><p>Ngo&#224;i ra, tr&#237; tu&#7879; nh&#226;n t&#7841;o &#273;ang t&#7841;o ra r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u research gap m&#7899;i trong assessment. &#7902; c&#225;c n&#432;&#7899;c nh&#432; M&#7929; v&#224; Anh, nhi&#7873;u tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7841;i h&#7885;c b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u lo ng&#7841;i r&#7857;ng sinh vi&#234;n s&#7917; d&#7909;ng AI &#273;&#7875; vi&#7871;t b&#224;i c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224;m m&#7845;t t&#237;nh ch&#237;nh x&#225;c c&#7911;a vi&#7879;c &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; n&#259;ng l&#7921;c vi&#7871;t. M&#7897;t s&#7889; nh&#224; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u cho r&#7857;ng AI khi&#7871;n gi&#225;o vi&#234;n kh&#243; ph&#226;n bi&#7879;t &#273;&#226;u l&#224; n&#259;ng l&#7921;c th&#7853;t c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c. Tuy nhi&#234;n, c&#361;ng c&#243; &#253; ki&#7871;n cho r&#7857;ng AI n&#234;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c xem nh&#432; m&#7897;t c&#244;ng c&#7909; h&#7895; tr&#7907; h&#7885;c t&#7853;p m&#7899;i thay v&#236; ch&#7881; nh&#236;n nh&#7853;n d&#432;&#7899;i g&#243;c &#273;&#7897; gian l&#7853;n h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t.</p><p>T&#7841;i Vi&#7879;t Nam, v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; n&#224;y c&#242;n ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p h&#417;n v&#236; nhi&#7873;u tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7841;i h&#7885;c ch&#432;a c&#243; quy &#273;&#7883;nh r&#245; r&#224;ng v&#7873; vi&#7879;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng AI trong h&#7885;c t&#7853;p v&#224; ki&#7875;m tra. Sinh vi&#234;n c&#243; th&#7875; d&#249;ng AI &#273;&#7875; h&#7895; tr&#7907; vi&#7871;t nh&#432;ng v&#7851;n xem b&#224;i l&#224;m l&#224; s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m c&#7911;a m&#236;nh. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y cho th&#7845;y c&#225;c l&#253; thuy&#7871;t truy&#7873;n th&#7889;ng v&#7873; t&#237;nh trung th&#7921;c h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#432;a &#273;&#7911; &#273;&#7875; gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch th&#7921;c t&#7871; m&#7899;i trong th&#7901;i &#273;&#7841;i AI. &#272;&#226;y ch&#237;nh l&#224; m&#7897;t research gap mang t&#237;nh l&#253; thuy&#7871;t v&#224; th&#7921;c ti&#7877;n c&#249;ng l&#250;c.</p><p>M&#7897;t v&#237; d&#7909; kh&#225;c th&#432;&#7901;ng xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n trong nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u assessment l&#224; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; &#273;&#7891;ng &#273;&#7859;ng, t&#7913;c sinh vi&#234;n nh&#7853;n x&#233;t b&#224;i l&#224;m c&#7911;a nhau. &#7902; nhi&#7873;u nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u qu&#7889;c t&#7871;, h&#236;nh th&#7913;c n&#224;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7913;ng minh gi&#250;p ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n kh&#7843; n&#259;ng ph&#7843;n t&#432; v&#224; &#253; th&#7913;c t&#7921; h&#7885;c. Tuy nhi&#234;n, trong nhi&#7873;u l&#7899;p h&#7885;c ti&#7871;ng Anh t&#7841;i Vi&#7879;t Nam, sinh vi&#234;n th&#432;&#7901;ng ng&#7841;i g&#243;p &#253; tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p v&#236; t&#226;m l&#253; s&#7907; l&#224;m m&#7845;t l&#242;ng b&#7841;n h&#7885;c ho&#7863;c ng&#7841;i ph&#234; b&#236;nh c&#244;ng khai. K&#7871;t qu&#7843; l&#224; ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i &#273;&#7891;ng &#273;&#7859;ng &#273;&#244;i khi tr&#7903; n&#234;n h&#236;nh th&#7913;c v&#224; thi&#7871;u chi&#7873;u s&#226;u.</p><p>N&#7871;u ch&#7881; vi&#7871;t r&#7857;ng ch&#432;a c&#243; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#7873; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; &#273;&#7891;ng &#273;&#7859;ng peer assessment t&#7841;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng X, research gap &#273;&#243; r&#7845;t y&#7871;u. Nh&#432;ng n&#7871;u &#273;&#7863;t v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; r&#7857;ng y&#7871;u t&#7889; v&#259;n h&#243;a v&#224; t&#226;m l&#253; gi&#7919; th&#7875; di&#7879;n c&#243; th&#7875; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; c&#7911;a ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i &#273;&#7891;ng &#273;&#7859;ng trong l&#7899;p h&#7885;c ti&#7871;ng Anh t&#7841;i Vi&#7879;t Nam, th&#236; kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u tr&#7903; n&#234;n m&#7841;nh h&#417;n nhi&#7873;u. L&#250;c n&#224;y, nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; m&#244; t&#7843; hi&#7879;n t&#432;&#7907;ng m&#224; c&#242;n gi&#250;p gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch c&#225;ch v&#259;n h&#243;a &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; trong TESOL.</p><p>Nh&#236;n chung, trong nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u assessment, m&#7897;t research gap m&#7841;nh kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m &#7903; vi&#7879;c thay &#273;&#7893;i &#273;&#7883;a &#273;i&#7875;m nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u, m&#224; n&#7857;m &#7903; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng ch&#7881; ra r&#7857;ng l&#253; thuy&#7871;t hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i ch&#432;a gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911; th&#7921;c t&#7871; gi&#225;o d&#7909;c m&#7899;i. Vi&#7879;t Nam c&#243; th&#7875; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh m&#7897;t b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u quan tr&#7885;ng n&#7871;u ng&#432;&#7901;i vi&#7871;t ch&#7913;ng minh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c r&#7857;ng &#273;&#7863;c &#273;i&#7875;m v&#259;n h&#243;a h&#7885;c t&#7853;p, &#225;p l&#7921;c thi c&#7917;, s&#7921; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n c&#244;ng ngh&#7879; ho&#7863;c &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n gi&#225;o d&#7909;c t&#7841;i Vi&#7879;t Nam c&#243; th&#7875; t&#7841;o ra nh&#7919;ng k&#7871;t qu&#7843; kh&#225;c v&#7899;i literature qu&#7889;c t&#7871;. &#272;&#226;y m&#7899;i l&#224; n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng gi&#250;p m&#7897;t nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u assessment c&#243; gi&#225; tr&#7883; h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t th&#7921;c s&#7921; trong TESOL.</p><p>Research Gaps in TESOL</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qrN6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac436730-5df7-434e-b183-a3bd6234ba82_1438x1170.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qrN6!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_424, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac436730-5df7-434e-b183-a3bd6234ba82_1438x1170.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qrN6!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_848, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac436730-5df7-434e-b183-a3bd6234ba82_1438x1170.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qrN6!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac436730-5df7-434e-b183-a3bd6234ba82_1438x1170.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qrN6!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac436730-5df7-434e-b183-a3bd6234ba82_1438x1170.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qrN6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac436730-5df7-434e-b183-a3bd6234ba82_1438x1170.png" width="1438" height="1170" 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/__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac436730-5df7-434e-b183-a3bd6234ba82_1438x1170.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qrN6!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_848, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac436730-5df7-434e-b183-a3bd6234ba82_1438x1170.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qrN6!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac436730-5df7-434e-b183-a3bd6234ba82_1438x1170.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qrN6!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac436730-5df7-434e-b183-a3bd6234ba82_1438x1170.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>Trong nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u TESOL, vi&#7879;c x&#225;c &#273;&#7883;nh &#273;&#250;ng lo&#7841;i kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u l&#224; b&#432;&#7899;c r&#7845;t quan tr&#7885;ng v&#236; n&#243; quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh h&#432;&#7899;ng &#273;i c&#7911;a to&#224;n b&#7897; &#273;&#7873; t&#224;i. M&#7897;t research gap m&#7841;nh kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; cho th&#7845;y &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#432;a &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u, m&#224; c&#242;n ph&#7843;i ch&#7913;ng minh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c v&#236; sao v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; &#273;&#243; c&#243; gi&#225; tr&#7883; h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i l&#297;nh v&#7921;c h&#7865;p m&#224; h&#7885;c g&#7881;&#7843; &#273;ang nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u. Th&#244;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng, trong nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u gi&#225;o d&#7909;c v&#224; ng&#244;n ng&#7919; h&#7885;c &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng, c&#243; s&#225;u lo&#7841;i kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n.</p><p>Th&#7913; nh&#7845;t l&#224; kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng v&#7873; b&#7857;ng ch&#7913;ng, g&#7885;i l&#224; Empirical Gap. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p c&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#432;a ra k&#7871;t qu&#7843; kh&#244;ng th&#7889;ng nh&#7845;t ho&#7863;c m&#226;u thu&#7851;n v&#7899;i nhau. V&#237; d&#7909;, trong nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#7873; ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i s&#7917;a l&#7895;i trong k&#7929; n&#259;ng vi&#7871;t ti&#7871;ng Anh, m&#7897;t s&#7889; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u qu&#7889;c t&#7871; cho r&#7857;ng ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p gi&#250;p c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n &#273;&#7897; ch&#237;nh x&#225;c ng&#244;n ng&#7919; t&#7889;t h&#417;n, trong khi c&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u kh&#225;c l&#7841;i cho r&#7857;ng ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i gi&#225;n ti&#7871;p gi&#250;p ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n kh&#7843; n&#259;ng t&#7921; s&#7917;a l&#7895;i hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; h&#417;n. Khi literature ch&#432;a c&#243; k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n r&#245; r&#224;ng, nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u m&#7899;i c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7875; gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n c&#7911;a s&#7921; kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t n&#224;y.</p><p>Th&#7913; hai l&#224; kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng tri th&#7913;c, g&#7885;i l&#224; Knowledge Gap. Lo&#7841;i kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng n&#224;y xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n khi m&#7897;t v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; quan tr&#7885;ng &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nh&#7855;c &#273;&#7871;n trong literature nh&#432;ng v&#7851;n ch&#432;a &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911;. V&#237; d&#7909;, hi&#7879;n nay nhi&#7873;u nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u qu&#7889;c t&#7871; &#273;&#7873; c&#7853;p &#273;&#7871;n t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng c&#7911;a tr&#237; tu&#7879; nh&#226;n t&#7841;o &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i vi&#7879;c h&#7885;c ngo&#7841;i ng&#7919;, nh&#432;ng v&#7851;n c&#242;n r&#7845;t &#237;t nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#7873; c&#225;ch sinh vi&#234;n s&#7917; d&#7909;ng AI &#273;&#7875; t&#7921; h&#7885;c k&#7929; n&#259;ng vi&#7871;t ti&#7871;ng Anh trong m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7841;i h&#7885;c t&#7841;i Vi&#7879;t Nam. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y cho th&#7845;y l&#297;nh v&#7921;c v&#7851;n c&#242;n thi&#7871;u tri th&#7913;c th&#7921;c nghi&#7879;m v&#7873; hi&#7879;n t&#432;&#7907;ng m&#7899;i.</p><p>Th&#7913; ba l&#224; kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng th&#7921;c ti&#7877;n (Practical Gap). &#272;&#226;y l&#224; tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p c&#243; s&#7921; kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t gi&#7919;a l&#253; thuy&#7871;t v&#224; th&#7921;c t&#7871; l&#7899;p h&#7885;c. Ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n, l&#253; thuy&#7871;t d&#7841;y h&#7885;c giao ti&#7871;p khuy&#7871;n kh&#237;ch sinh vi&#234;n ch&#7911; &#273;&#7897;ng trao &#273;&#7893;i v&#224; t&#432;&#417;ng t&#225;c b&#7857;ng ti&#7871;ng Anh, nh&#432;ng trong nhi&#7873;u l&#7899;p h&#7885;c t&#7841;i Vi&#7879;t Nam, sinh vi&#234;n v&#7851;n ng&#7841;i ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u do t&#226;m l&#253; s&#7907; sai ho&#7863;c &#225;p l&#7921;c thi c&#7917;. Kho&#7843;ng c&#225;ch gi&#7919;a l&#253; thuy&#7871;t v&#224; th&#7921;c ti&#7877;n n&#224;y t&#7841;o ra m&#7897;t research gap c&#243; gi&#225; tr&#7883; v&#236; n&#243; gi&#250;p gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch t&#7841;i sao m&#7897;t ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&#225;p hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; &#7903; qu&#7889;c gia n&#224;y nh&#432;ng ch&#432;a ch&#7855;c ph&#249; h&#7907;p &#7903; qu&#7889;c gia kh&#225;c.</p><p>Th&#7913; t&#432; l&#224; kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&#225;p (Methodological Gap). Lo&#7841;i kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng n&#224;y xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n khi m&#7897;t ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u kh&#225; nhi&#7873;u nh&#432;ng ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&#225;p nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u c&#242;n h&#7841;n ch&#7871;. V&#237; d&#7909;, nhi&#7873;u nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#7873; lo &#226;u khi n&#243;i ti&#7871;ng Anh ch&#7881; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng b&#7843;ng h&#7887;i kh&#7843;o s&#225;t, trong khi c&#7843;m x&#250;c c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c thay &#273;&#7893;i li&#234;n t&#7909;c trong qu&#225; tr&#236;nh giao ti&#7871;p th&#7921;c t&#7871;. V&#236; v&#7853;y, c&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u m&#7899;i c&#243; th&#7875; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng quan s&#225;t l&#7899;p h&#7885;c, ph&#7887;ng v&#7845;n ho&#7863;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u theo chi&#7873;u d&#7885;c &#273;&#7875; t&#7841;o ra d&#7919; li&#7879;u s&#226;u h&#417;n v&#224; ch&#237;nh x&#225;c h&#417;n.</p><p>Th&#7913; n&#259;m l&#224; kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng l&#253; thuy&#7871;t (Theoretical Gap). &#272;&#226;y l&#224; tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p c&#225;c l&#253; thuy&#7871;t hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i ch&#432;a &#273;&#7911; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch hi&#7879;n t&#432;&#7907;ng m&#7899;i. V&#237; d&#7909;, nhi&#7873;u m&#244; h&#236;nh &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c h&#7885;c t&#7853;p &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&#226;y d&#7921;ng tr&#432;&#7899;c th&#7901;i &#273;&#7841;i AI n&#234;n ch&#432;a gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911; vi&#7879;c sinh vi&#234;n s&#7917; d&#7909;ng ChatGPT trong h&#7885;c ti&#7871;ng Anh. Ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c c&#243; th&#7875; v&#7915;a ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o AI v&#7915;a c&#7843;m th&#7845;y b&#7843;n th&#226;n h&#7885;c hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; h&#417;n, nh&#432;ng c&#225;c l&#253; thuy&#7871;t truy&#7873;n th&#7889;ng ch&#432;a gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch r&#245; hi&#7879;n t&#432;&#7907;ng n&#224;y.</p><p>Th&#7913; s&#225;u l&#224; kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng &#273;&#7889;i t&#432;&#7907;ng nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u (Population Gap). Kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng n&#224;y xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n khi m&#7897;t v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u &#7903; nhi&#7873;u nh&#243;m ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c nh&#432;ng ch&#432;a &#273;&#432;&#7907;c kh&#7843;o s&#225;t &#7903; m&#7897;t nh&#243;m c&#243; &#273;&#7863;c &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t. V&#237; d&#7909;, vi&#7879;c h&#7885;c ti&#7871;ng Anh b&#7857;ng c&#244;ng ngh&#7879; &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u nhi&#7873;u &#7903; sinh vi&#234;n th&#224;nh ph&#7889;, nh&#432;ng c&#242;n &#237;t nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#7873; h&#7885;c sinh v&#249;ng n&#244;ng th&#244;n c&#243; &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n c&#244;ng ngh&#7879; h&#7841;n ch&#7871;. Tuy nhi&#234;n, population gap ch&#7881; c&#243; gi&#225; tr&#7883; khi ng&#432;&#7901;i nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch &#273;&#432;&#7907;c v&#236; sao nh&#243;m &#273;&#7889;i t&#432;&#7907;ng m&#7899;i c&#243; th&#7875; t&#7841;o ra k&#7871;t qu&#7843; kh&#225;c v&#7899;i c&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#243;.</p><p>Nh&#236;n chung, vi&#7879;c hi&#7875;u r&#245; c&#225;c lo&#7841;i kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u gi&#250;p sinh vi&#234;n x&#226;y d&#7921;ng proposal logic h&#417;n, x&#225;c &#273;&#7883;nh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#243;ng g&#243;p h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t r&#245; r&#224;ng h&#417;n v&#224; tr&#225;nh t&#236;nh tr&#7841;ng ch&#7885;n &#273;&#7873; t&#224;i ch&#7881; v&#236; ch&#432;a c&#243; ai l&#224;m &#7903; tr&#432;&#7901;ng em, hay l&#224; &#7903; Vi&#7879;t Nam. Trong nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u TESOL hi&#7879;n nay, m&#7897;t research gap m&#7841;nh lu&#244;n ph&#7843;i xu&#7845;t ph&#225;t t&#7915; v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; th&#7921;c s&#7921; t&#7891;n t&#7841;i trong literature qu&#7889;c t&#7871; v&#224; c&#243; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng t&#7841;o ra hi&#7875;u bi&#7871;t m&#7899;i cho l&#297;nh v&#7921;c.</p><p>C&#225;ch &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n nh&#7845;t t&#236;m ra research gaps l&#224; &#273;&#7885;c c&#225;c cu&#7889;n handbooks m&#7899;i nh&#7845;t, c&#225;c b&#224;i State of the Arts Article c&#7911;a big names, hay l&#224; systematic review m&#7899;i nh&#7845;t trong chuy&#234;n ng&#224;nh h&#7865;p m&#224; b&#7841;n h&#432;&#7899;ng t&#7899;i. &#272;&#7915;ng ch&#7881; n&#243;i r&#7857;ng em quan t&#226;m t&#7899;i Testing and Assessment c&#244; &#7841;:))))</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading PhuongCao's Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[A Course in English Teaching]]></title><description><![CDATA[Penny Ur]]></description><link>https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/a-course-in-english-teaching</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/a-course-in-english-teaching</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Cao Thi Hong Phuong]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 24 May 2026 04:31:29 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nD04!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc37e4c76-4d0e-40e4-9780-243817cace85_522x522.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>N&#7871;u ph&#7843;i ch&#7885;n m&#7897;t cu&#7889;n nh&#7853;p m&#244;n v&#7873; ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&#225;p gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y &#273;&#7911; s&#226;u &#273;&#7875; h&#7885;c th&#7841;c s&#297; nh&#432;ng v&#7851;n &#273;&#7911; th&#7921;c t&#7871; &#273;&#7875; &#273;i d&#7841;y ngay, th&#236; <em>A Course in English Language Teaching</em> c&#7911;a Penny Ur g&#7847;n nh&#432; v&#7851;n l&#224; l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n an to&#224;n nh&#7845;t trong l&#297;nh v&#7921;c gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y ti&#7871;ng Anh. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; ki&#7875;u s&#225;ch m&#224; gi&#225;o vi&#234;n tr&#7867; c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#7885;c &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7905; hoang mang khi m&#7899;i b&#432;&#7899;c v&#224;o ngh&#7873;, c&#242;n gi&#225;o vi&#234;n &#273;&#227; &#273;i d&#7841;y v&#224;i n&#259;m s&#7869; &#273;&#7885;c l&#7841;i v&#224; nh&#7853;n ra r&#7857;ng nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7873;u t&#432;&#7903;ng r&#7845;t c&#417; b&#7843;n n&#224;y m&#7899;i l&#224; th&#7913; gi&#250;p l&#7899;p h&#7885;c v&#7853;n h&#224;nh l&#226;u d&#224;i.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nD04!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc37e4c76-4d0e-40e4-9780-243817cace85_522x522.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nD04!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_424, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc37e4c76-4d0e-40e4-9780-243817cace85_522x522.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nD04!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_848, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc37e4c76-4d0e-40e4-9780-243817cace85_522x522.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nD04!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc37e4c76-4d0e-40e4-9780-243817cace85_522x522.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nD04!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc37e4c76-4d0e-40e4-9780-243817cace85_522x522.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nD04!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc37e4c76-4d0e-40e4-9780-243817cace85_522x522.jpeg" width="522" height="522" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c37e4c76-4d0e-40e4-9780-243817cace85_522x522.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:522,&quot;width&quot;:522,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;A Course in English Language Teaching&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="A Course in English Language Teaching" title="A Course in English Language Teaching" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nD04!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_424, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc37e4c76-4d0e-40e4-9780-243817cace85_522x522.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nD04!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_848, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc37e4c76-4d0e-40e4-9780-243817cace85_522x522.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nD04!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc37e4c76-4d0e-40e4-9780-243817cace85_522x522.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nD04!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc37e4c76-4d0e-40e4-9780-243817cace85_522x522.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>&#272;i&#7873;u khi&#7871;n t&#244;i th&#237;ch cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch n&#224;y l&#224; Penny Ur kh&#244;ng vi&#7871;t nh&#432; m&#7897;t h&#7885;c gi&#7843; &#273;ang c&#7889; ch&#7913;ng minh m&#7897;t h&#7879; t&#432; t&#432;&#7903;ng gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y m&#7899;i. B&#224; vi&#7871;t nh&#432; m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#224;o t&#7841;o gi&#225;o vi&#234;n &#273;&#227; &#7903; trong th&#7921;c t&#7871; l&#7899;p h&#7885;c &#273;&#7911; l&#226;u &#273;&#7875; hi&#7875;u r&#7857;ng vi&#7879;c d&#7841;y h&#7885;c hi&#7871;m khi v&#7853;n h&#224;nh &#273;&#7865;p &#273;&#7869; nh&#432; trong c&#225;c h&#7897;i th&#7843;o hay b&#224;i b&#225;o h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t. C&#243; m&#7897;t s&#7921; &#273;i&#7873;m t&#297;nh r&#7845;t &#273;&#7863;c tr&#432;ng trong c&#225;ch b&#224; vi&#7871;t: kh&#244;ng c&#7921;c &#273;oan, kh&#244;ng th&#7847;n th&#225;nh h&#243;a b&#7845;t k&#7923; ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&#225;p n&#224;o, v&#224; &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t kh&#244;ng khi&#7871;n gi&#225;o vi&#234;n tr&#7867; c&#7843;m th&#7845;y m&#236;nh &#273;ang l&#224;m sai m&#7885;i th&#7913; ch&#7881; v&#236; ch&#432;a &#273;&#7911; giao ti&#7871;p hay ch&#432;a &#273;&#7911; l&#7845;y ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c l&#224;m trung t&#226;m.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading PhuongCao's Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p>C&#243; l&#7869; &#273;i&#7875;m hay nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch n&#7857;m &#7903; ch&#237;nh s&#7921; c&#226;n b&#7857;ng &#273;&#243;. Penny Ur th&#7915;a nh&#7853;n c&#225;ch ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n giao ti&#7871;p &#273;&#227; thay &#273;&#7893;i vi&#7879;c d&#7841;y ti&#7871;ng Anh theo h&#432;&#7899;ng t&#237;ch c&#7921;c, nh&#432;ng b&#224; c&#361;ng nh&#7855;c m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u m&#224; nhi&#7873;u gi&#225;o vi&#234;n ch&#7881; hi&#7875;u sau v&#224;i n&#259;m &#273;&#7913;ng l&#7899;p r&#7857;ng giao ti&#7871;p kh&#244;ng c&#243; ngh&#297;a l&#224; ph&#7911; nh&#7853;n vi&#7879;c d&#7841;y ng&#7919; ph&#225;p ho&#224;n to&#224;n, ch&#7881; l&#224; d&#7841;y khi n&#224;o. T&#7915; v&#7921;ng v&#7851;n c&#7847;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c d&#7841;y c&#243; ch&#7911; &#273;&#237;ch. D&#7883;ch thu&#7853;t kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i th&#7913; n&#234;n b&#7883; xem nh&#432; t&#224;n d&#432; l&#7895;i th&#7901;i. Th&#7853;m ch&#237;, Penny Ur c&#242;n kh&#225; th&#7859;ng th&#7855;n khi n&#243;i r&#7857;ng kh&#244;ng c&#243; l&#253; do g&#236; ph&#7843;i c&#7845;m ho&#224;n to&#224;n ti&#7871;ng m&#7865; &#273;&#7867; trong l&#7899;p h&#7885;c. V&#7899;i gi&#225;o vi&#234;n &#7903; nh&#7919;ng b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh h&#7885;c ti&#7871;ng Anh nh&#432; ngo&#7841;i ng&#7919; nh&#432; Vi&#7879;t Nam, &#273;&#226;y th&#7853;t s&#7921; l&#224; m&#7897;t quan &#273;i&#7875;m d&#7877; th&#7903; h&#417;n r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u so v&#7899;i ki&#7875;u l&#7899;p h&#7885;c ch&#7881; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c d&#249;ng ti&#7871;ng Anh th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c qu&#7843;ng b&#225; nh&#432; chu&#7849;n m&#7921;c ngh&#7873; nghi&#7879;p.</p><p>&#272;&#7885;c cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch n&#224;y c&#243; c&#7843;m gi&#225;c nh&#432; &#273;ang nghe m&#7897;t gi&#225;o vi&#234;n kinh nghi&#7879;m n&#243;i chuy&#7879;n th&#7853;t l&#242;ng v&#7873; ngh&#7873;. Ch&#432;&#417;ng v&#7873; ti&#7871;t h&#7885;c v&#224; t&#432;&#417;ng t&#225;c l&#7899;p h&#7885;c ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n, kh&#244;ng c&#7889; bi&#7871;n l&#7899;p h&#7885;c th&#224;nh m&#7897;t kh&#244;ng gian l&#253; t&#432;&#7903;ng n&#417;i gi&#225;o vi&#234;n ch&#7881; &#273;&#243;ng vai tr&#242; h&#7895; tr&#7907; c&#242;n h&#7885;c sinh t&#7921; kh&#225;m ph&#225; m&#7885;i th&#7913;. Penny Ur g&#7907;i &#253; r&#7857;ng d&#7841;y ng&#244;n ng&#7919; v&#7851;n c&#7847;n s&#7921; h&#432;&#7899;ng d&#7851;n ch&#7911; &#273;&#7897;ng t&#7915; gi&#225;o vi&#234;n, v&#236; ng&#244;n ng&#7919; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i th&#7913; h&#7885;c sinh c&#243; th&#7875; t&#7921; kh&#225;m ph&#225; ho&#224;n to&#224;n. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y nghe c&#243; v&#7867; hi&#7875;n nhi&#234;n, nh&#432;ng trong nhi&#7873;u cu&#7897;c th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n v&#7873; gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y ti&#7871;ng Anh, gi&#225;o vi&#234;n &#273;&#244;i khi b&#7883; khi&#7871;n cho c&#7843;m th&#7845;y r&#7857;ng c&#224;ng n&#243;i &#237;t, c&#224;ng gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch &#237;t th&#236; c&#224;ng hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i. Penny Ur kh&#244;ng &#273;i theo h&#432;&#7899;ng &#273;&#243;. B&#224; nh&#236;n gi&#225;o vi&#234;n nh&#432; ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#432;&#7899;ng d&#7851;n, h&#236;nh m&#7851;u ng&#244;n ng&#7919;, ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7841;o &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c, ng&#432;&#7901;i qu&#7843;n l&#253; l&#7899;p h&#7885;c v&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i c&#249;ng l&#250;c, ngh&#297;a l&#224; m&#7897;t vai tr&#242; ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p h&#417;n r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u so v&#7899;i h&#236;nh &#7843;nh ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7895; tr&#7907; th&#432;&#7901;ng th&#7845;y trong c&#225;c s&#225;ch ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&#225;p.</p><p>M&#7897;t &#273;i&#7875;m kh&#225;c khi&#7871;n cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch n&#224;y v&#7851;n c&#242;n gi&#225; tr&#7883; l&#224; ph&#7847;n v&#7873; h&#7885;c t&#7915; v&#7921;ng v&#224; &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c h&#7885;c t&#7853;p. Penny Ur kh&#244;ng tin r&#7857;ng ch&#7881; c&#7847;n ti&#7871;p x&#250;c ng&#244;n ng&#7919; l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c s&#7869; t&#7921; h&#7845;p th&#7909; &#273;&#7911; t&#7915; v&#7921;ng. B&#224; nh&#7845;n m&#7841;nh vai tr&#242; c&#7911;a vi&#7879;c d&#7841;y c&#243; ch&#7911; &#273;&#237;ch, &#244;n t&#7853;p v&#224; t&#225;i s&#7917; d&#7909;ng ng&#244;n ng&#7919;. V&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng ai t&#7915;ng &#273;i d&#7841;y &#7903; c&#225;c l&#7899;p h&#7885;c n&#417;i h&#7885;c sinh qu&#234;n s&#7841;ch t&#7915; m&#7899;i sau v&#224;i tu&#7847;n, quan &#273;i&#7875;m n&#224;y r&#7845;t b&#225;m s&#225;t th&#7921;c t&#7871; . T&#432;&#417;ng t&#7921;, ph&#7847;n v&#7873; &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c h&#7885;c t&#7853;p kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c vi&#7871;t theo ki&#7875;u truy&#7873;n c&#7843;m h&#7913;ng s&#225;o r&#7895;ng, m&#224; r&#7845;t th&#7921;c t&#7871;: h&#7885;c sinh c&#243; &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c h&#417;n khi c&#225;c em c&#7843;m th&#7845;y m&#236;nh c&#243; th&#7875; th&#224;nh c&#244;ng, &#273;&#432;&#7907;c kh&#237;ch l&#7879; &#273;&#250;ng c&#225;ch v&#224; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c tham gia nh&#7919;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng th&#7853;t s&#7921; th&#250; v&#7883;.</p><p>T&#7845;t nhi&#234;n, &#273;&#226;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i m&#7897;t cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch ho&#224;n h&#7843;o. V&#236; xu&#7845;t b&#7843;n t&#7915; n&#259;m 2012 n&#234;n m&#7897;t s&#7889; ph&#7847;n v&#7873; c&#244;ng ngh&#7879; gi&#7901; &#273;&#227; h&#417;i c&#361;, v&#224; n&#7871;u &#273;&#7885;c &#7903; b&#7853;c th&#7841;c s&#297; thi&#234;n v&#7873; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u, b&#7841;n s&#7869; th&#7845;y s&#225;ch ch&#432;a &#273;i qu&#225; s&#226;u v&#224;o c&#225;c h&#432;&#7899;ng nh&#432; b&#7843;n s&#7855;c ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c, l&#253; thuy&#7871;t x&#227; h&#7897;i v&#259;n h&#243;a ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n. Nh&#432;ng  <em>A Course in English Language Teaching</em> gi&#250;p b&#7841;n hi&#7875;u l&#7899;p h&#7885;c r&#245; h&#417;n, hi&#7875;u h&#7885;c sinh r&#245; h&#417;n, v&#224; hi&#7875;u r&#7857;ng d&#7841;y h&#7885;c th&#432;&#7901;ng l&#224; ngh&#7879; thu&#7853;t c&#7911;a s&#7921; c&#226;n b&#7857;ng h&#417;n l&#224; vi&#7879;c ch&#7841;y theo m&#7897;t ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&#225;p duy nh&#7845;t.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xlbS!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd5a07544-a134-44c9-99e6-18f548f8b347_1024x608.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xlbS!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_424, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd5a07544-a134-44c9-99e6-18f548f8b347_1024x608.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xlbS!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_848, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd5a07544-a134-44c9-99e6-18f548f8b347_1024x608.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xlbS!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd5a07544-a134-44c9-99e6-18f548f8b347_1024x608.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xlbS!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd5a07544-a134-44c9-99e6-18f548f8b347_1024x608.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xlbS!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd5a07544-a134-44c9-99e6-18f548f8b347_1024x608.png" width="1024" height="608" 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/__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd5a07544-a134-44c9-99e6-18f548f8b347_1024x608.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xlbS!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_848, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd5a07544-a134-44c9-99e6-18f548f8b347_1024x608.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xlbS!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd5a07544-a134-44c9-99e6-18f548f8b347_1024x608.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xlbS!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd5a07544-a134-44c9-99e6-18f548f8b347_1024x608.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">A course in english teaching </figcaption></figure></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading PhuongCao's Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[TESOL Material Development ]]></title><description><![CDATA[4-3-2 Technique for Fluency Development]]></description><link>https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/tesol-material-development</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/tesol-material-development</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Cao Thi Hong Phuong]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 17 May 2026 13:03:35 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_nqr!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd891c0e1-05ed-4ba6-84b3-dc1a8639d5ab_1024x608.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>H&#7885;c vi&#234;n c&#7911;a b&#7841;n &#273;&#7841;t Listening v&#224; Reading cao, nh&#432;ng k&#7929; n&#259;ng n&#243;i l&#7841;i th&#7845;p h&#7859;n, b&#7841;n c&#243; bi&#7871;t l&#253; do l&#224; g&#236; kh&#244;ng?</p><p></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading PhuongCao's Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p>C&#226;u tr&#7843; l&#7901;i c&#243; nhi&#7873;u, nh&#432;ng m&#7897;t l&#253; do c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224; c&#225;c b&#7841;n &#273;ang &#273;&#432;&#7907;c h&#7885;c &#273;&#7875; nh&#7853;n di&#7879;n ng&#244;n ng&#7919; ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i s&#7917; d&#7909;ng ng&#244;n ng&#7919;. R&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c &#7903; Vi&#7879;t Nam c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224;m t&#7889;t b&#224;i &#273;&#7885;c, nghe &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#7915; kho&#225;, th&#7853;m ch&#237; thu&#7897;c r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u t&#7915; v&#7921;ng h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t, nh&#432;ng khi b&#432;&#7899;c v&#224;o Speaking th&#236; l&#7841;i ch&#7919;ng h&#7859;n. C&#225;c b&#7841;n d&#7915;ng r&#7845;t l&#226;u &#273;&#7875; ngh&#297; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c, s&#7907; sai ng&#7919; ph&#225;p, s&#7907; ph&#225;t &#226;m ch&#432;a &#273;&#250;ng, c&#224;ng c&#7889; n&#243;i ho&#224;n h&#7843;o th&#236; c&#224;ng m&#7845;t t&#7921; nhi&#234;n. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y kh&#244;ng ho&#224;n to&#224;n l&#224; l&#7895;i c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c. Trong nhi&#7873;u l&#7899;p h&#7885;c ti&#7871;ng Anh, ch&#250;ng ta v&#7851;n d&#224;nh ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n th&#7901;i gian cho &#273;&#7847;u v&#224;o (input) v&#224; s&#7921; ch&#237;nh x&#225;c (accuracy), trong khi &#273;&#7897; tr&#244;i ch&#7843;y (fluency) g&#7847;n nh&#432; b&#7883; b&#7887; tr&#7889;ng. Ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c luy&#7879;n &#273;&#7875; l&#224;m &#273;&#250;ng b&#224;i thi (test), nh&#432;ng l&#7841;i thi&#7871;u c&#417; h&#7897;i &#273;&#7875; x&#7917; l&#253; ng&#244;n ng&#7919; theo th&#7901;i gian th&#7921;c.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_nqr!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd891c0e1-05ed-4ba6-84b3-dc1a8639d5ab_1024x608.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_nqr!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_424, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd891c0e1-05ed-4ba6-84b3-dc1a8639d5ab_1024x608.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_nqr!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_848, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd891c0e1-05ed-4ba6-84b3-dc1a8639d5ab_1024x608.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_nqr!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd891c0e1-05ed-4ba6-84b3-dc1a8639d5ab_1024x608.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_nqr!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd891c0e1-05ed-4ba6-84b3-dc1a8639d5ab_1024x608.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_nqr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd891c0e1-05ed-4ba6-84b3-dc1a8639d5ab_1024x608.png" width="1024" height="608" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d891c0e1-05ed-4ba6-84b3-dc1a8639d5ab_1024x608.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:&quot;normal&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:608,&quot;width&quot;:1024,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_nqr!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_424, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd891c0e1-05ed-4ba6-84b3-dc1a8639d5ab_1024x608.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_nqr!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_848, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd891c0e1-05ed-4ba6-84b3-dc1a8639d5ab_1024x608.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_nqr!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd891c0e1-05ed-4ba6-84b3-dc1a8639d5ab_1024x608.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_nqr!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd891c0e1-05ed-4ba6-84b3-dc1a8639d5ab_1024x608.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">IELTS Fluency </figcaption></figure></div><p></p><p>Paul Nation g&#7885;i &#273;&#226;y l&#224; v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; thi&#7871;u s&#7921; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n &#273;&#7897; tr&#244;i ch&#7843;y (fluency development). Trong nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#7873; Four Strands, &#244;ng cho r&#7857;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c c&#7847;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7921;c h&#224;nh v&#7899;i ng&#244;n ng&#7919; quen thu&#7897;c d&#432;&#7899;i &#225;p l&#7921;c th&#7901;i gian v&#7915;a ph&#7843;i &#273;&#7875; h&#236;nh th&#224;nh kh&#7843; n&#259;ng n&#243;i m&#7897;t c&#225;ch t&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng (automaticity), t&#7913;c kh&#7843; n&#259;ng s&#7917; d&#7909;ng ng&#244;n ng&#7919; g&#7847;n nh&#432; t&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng m&#224; kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n d&#7883;ch trong &#273;&#7847;u. &#272;&#226;y c&#361;ng l&#224; l&#253; do r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u h&#7885;c vi&#234;n c&#243; n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng ng&#7919; ph&#225;p t&#7889;t nh&#432;ng ph&#7843;n x&#7841; n&#243;i r&#7845;t ch&#7853;m. C&#225;c b&#7841;n kh&#244;ng thi&#7871;u ki&#7871;n th&#7913;c, m&#224; thi&#7871;u t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; truy xu&#7845;t ng&#244;n ng&#7919;. Khi ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c ph&#7843;i v&#7915;a ngh&#297; &#253;, v&#7915;a ch&#7885;n t&#7915;, v&#7915;a ki&#7875;m tra ng&#7919; ph&#225;p c&#249;ng m&#7897;t l&#250;c, b&#7897; nh&#7899; l&#224;m vi&#7879;c (working memory) s&#7869; nhanh ch&#243;ng b&#7883; qu&#225; t&#7843;i. K&#7871;t qu&#7843; l&#224; c&#226;u n&#243;i b&#7883; &#273;&#7913;t &#273;o&#7841;n, thi&#7871;u t&#7921; nhi&#234;n v&#224; m&#7845;t t&#7921; tin. &#272;i&#7873;u th&#250; v&#7883; l&#224; khi gi&#7843;m &#225;p l&#7921;c v&#7873; &#273;&#7897; ch&#237;nh x&#225;c v&#224; t&#259;ng t&#7847;n su&#7845;t l&#7863;p l&#7841;i n&#7897;i dung quen thu&#7897;c, &#273;&#7897; tr&#244;i ch&#7843;y th&#432;&#7901;ng c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n r&#7845;t nhanh.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ehlr!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F720d0231-4d57-4fcb-9f82-8461288a6814_1024x608.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ehlr!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_424, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F720d0231-4d57-4fcb-9f82-8461288a6814_1024x608.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ehlr!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_848, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F720d0231-4d57-4fcb-9f82-8461288a6814_1024x608.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ehlr!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F720d0231-4d57-4fcb-9f82-8461288a6814_1024x608.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ehlr!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F720d0231-4d57-4fcb-9f82-8461288a6814_1024x608.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ehlr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F720d0231-4d57-4fcb-9f82-8461288a6814_1024x608.png" width="1024" height="608" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/720d0231-4d57-4fcb-9f82-8461288a6814_1024x608.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:&quot;normal&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:608,&quot;width&quot;:1024,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ehlr!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_424, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F720d0231-4d57-4fcb-9f82-8461288a6814_1024x608.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ehlr!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_848, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F720d0231-4d57-4fcb-9f82-8461288a6814_1024x608.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ehlr!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F720d0231-4d57-4fcb-9f82-8461288a6814_1024x608.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ehlr!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F720d0231-4d57-4fcb-9f82-8461288a6814_1024x608.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">2 people talking in fluency development technique </figcaption></figure></div><p></p><p>H&#244;m nay d&#7841;y l&#7899;p Th&#7841;c s&#297; v&#7873; thi&#7871;t k&#7871; h&#7885;c li&#7879;u v&#224; ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh ti&#7871;ng Anh, m&#236;nh c&#243; gi&#7899;i thi&#7879;u m&#7897;t chi&#7871;n thu&#7853;t t&#259;ng &#273;&#7897; tr&#244;i ch&#7843;y g&#7885;i l&#224; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng 4-3-2 (4-3-2 activity). Ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c n&#243;i v&#7873; c&#249;ng m&#7897;t ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; ba l&#7847;n, l&#7847;n &#273;&#7847;u trong 4 ph&#250;t, l&#7847;n hai trong 3 ph&#250;t v&#224; l&#7847;n cu&#7889;i trong 2 ph&#250;t. M&#7895;i l&#7847;n &#273;&#7893;i ng&#432;&#7901;i nghe (partner) v&#224; ph&#7843;i n&#243;i nhanh h&#417;n. C&#225;c b&#7841;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m peer feedback v&#224; self feedback. &#272;i&#7873;u th&#250; v&#7883; l&#224; c&#225;c b&#7841;n h&#7885;c vi&#234;n kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; nh&#236;n ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng n&#224;y t&#7915; g&#243;c &#273;&#7897; ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c m&#224; c&#242;n chi&#234;m nghi&#7879;m t&#7915; g&#243;c &#273;&#7897; gi&#225;o vi&#234;n. C&#225;c b&#7841;n b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u nh&#7853;n ra r&#7857;ng h&#7885;c vi&#234;n c&#243; th&#7875; n&#243;i t&#7921; nhi&#234;n h&#417;n, &#237;t ng&#7853;p ng&#7915;ng h&#417;n v&#224; d&#249;ng t&#7915; linh ho&#7841;t h&#417;n d&#249; kh&#244;ng h&#7873; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c h&#7885;c th&#234;m t&#7915; m&#7899;i hay c&#7845;u tr&#250;c m&#7899;i n&#224;o. &#272;i&#7873;u thay &#273;&#7893;i n&#7857;m &#7903; t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; x&#7917; l&#253; ng&#244;n ng&#7919;. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t chi ti&#7871;t r&#7845;t &#273;&#225;ng suy ngh&#297; v&#7899;i ng&#432;&#7901;i d&#7841;y ti&#7871;ng Anh, &#273;&#243; l&#224; h&#7885;c vi&#234;n c&#243; th&#7875; kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n h&#7885;c th&#234;m nhi&#7873;u ki&#7871;n th&#7913;c, m&#224; c&#7847;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c thi&#7871;t k&#7871; nh&#7919;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng bu&#7897;c h&#7885; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng ph&#7847;n ki&#7871;n th&#7913;c &#273;&#227; c&#243; m&#7897;t c&#225;ch li&#234;n t&#7909;c v&#224; c&#243; &#253; ngh&#297;a.</p><p></p><p> Reference:<br>Nation, I.S.P. (2007). The four strands. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 1(1), 2&#8211;13.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading PhuongCao's Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Thực trạng đề thi tiếng Anh ở Việt Nam]]></title><description><![CDATA[Bi&#7871;t r&#7891;i kh&#7893; l&#7855;m n&#243;i m&#227;i]]></description><link>https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/thuc-trang-e-thi-tieng-anh-o-viet</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/thuc-trang-e-thi-tieng-anh-o-viet</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Cao Thi Hong Phuong]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 09 May 2026 09:37:36 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1645594287996-086e2217a809?crop=entropy&amp;cs=tinysrgb&amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;ixid=M3wzMDAzMzh8MHwxfHNlYXJjaHwxNnx8JUM0JTkxJUUxJUJCJTgxJTIwdGhpJTIwdGklRTElQkElQkZuZyUyMGFuaCUyMG11bHRpcGxlJTIwY2hvaWNlfGVufDB8fHx8MTc3ODMxOTE5M3ww&amp;ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=80&amp;w=1080" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>Th&#7921;c tr&#7841;ng &#273;&#7873; thi ti&#7871;ng Anh &#7903; Vi&#7879;t Nam</strong></p><p><strong>M&#7845;y h&#244;m nay th&#7845;y nhi&#7873;u trung t&#226;m chia s&#7867; &#273;&#7873; thi th&#7917; m&#224; &#273;&#7885;c xong m&#236;nh th&#7853;t s&#7921; cho&#225;ng. R&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u t&#7915; v&#224; c&#7909;m t&#7915; &#7903; m&#7913;c C2, m&#236;nh ph&#7843;i d&#7915;ng l&#7841;i tra m&#7899;i hi&#7875;u. &#272;i&#7873;u &#273;&#225;ng n&#243;i l&#224; &#273;&#226;y l&#7841;i l&#224; nh&#7919;ng b&#7897; &#273;&#7873; d&#224;nh cho h&#7885;c sinh THPT thi th&#7917; t&#7889;t nghi&#7879;p.</strong></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading PhuongCao's Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p>Trong nh&#7919;ng n&#259;m g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y, &#273;&#7873; thi ti&#7871;ng Anh trong k&#7923; thi t&#7889;t nghi&#7879;p THPT t&#7841;i Vi&#7879;t Nam li&#234;n t&#7909;c tr&#7903; th&#224;nh ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; g&#226;y tranh lu&#7853;n trong x&#227; h&#7897;i. &#272;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t, k&#7923; thi n&#259;m 2025 &#273;&#227; t&#7841;o ra l&#224;n s&#243;ng ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng m&#7841;nh m&#7869; t&#7915; h&#7885;c sinh, gi&#225;o vi&#234;n v&#224; ph&#7909; huynh khi nhi&#7873;u &#253; ki&#7871;n cho r&#7857;ng &#273;&#7873; thi qu&#225; kh&#243; so v&#7899;i n&#259;ng l&#7921;c th&#7921;c t&#7871; c&#7911;a h&#7885;c sinh ph&#7893; th&#244;ng. M&#7897;t nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u m&#7899;i c&#244;ng b&#7889; tr&#234;n <em>The University of Danang, Journal of Science and Technology</em> (trong<a href="https://jst-ud.vn/jst-ud/article/view/10335"> link n&#224;y</a> https://jst-ud.vn/jst-ud/article/view/10335)  &#273;&#227; cung c&#7845;p nh&#7919;ng d&#7919; li&#7879;u ph&#226;n t&#237;ch &#273;&#7897; kh&#243; c&#7911;a c&#225;c b&#224;i &#273;&#7885;c hi&#7875;u trong &#273;&#7873; thi ti&#7871;ng Anh THPT qu&#7889;c gia giai &#273;o&#7841;n 2015&#8211;2025.</p><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1645594287996-086e2217a809?crop=entropy&amp;cs=tinysrgb&amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;ixid=M3wzMDAzMzh8MHwxfHNlYXJjaHwxNnx8JUM0JTkxJUUxJUJCJTgxJTIwdGhpJTIwdGklRTElQkElQkZuZyUyMGFuaCUyMG11bHRpcGxlJTIwY2hvaWNlfGVufDB8fHx8MTc3ODMxOTE5M3ww&amp;ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=80&amp;w=1080" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div 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srcset="https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1645594287996-086e2217a809?crop=entropy&amp;cs=tinysrgb&amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;ixid=M3wzMDAzMzh8MHwxfHNlYXJjaHwxNnx8JUM0JTkxJUUxJUJCJTgxJTIwdGhpJTIwdGklRTElQkElQkZuZyUyMGFuaCUyMG11bHRpcGxlJTIwY2hvaWNlfGVufDB8fHx8MTc3ODMxOTE5M3ww&amp;ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=80&amp;w=1080 424w, https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1645594287996-086e2217a809?crop=entropy&amp;cs=tinysrgb&amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;ixid=M3wzMDAzMzh8MHwxfHNlYXJjaHwxNnx8JUM0JTkxJUUxJUJCJTgxJTIwdGhpJTIwdGklRTElQkElQkZuZyUyMGFuaCUyMG11bHRpcGxlJTIwY2hvaWNlfGVufDB8fHx8MTc3ODMxOTE5M3ww&amp;ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=80&amp;w=1080 848w, https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1645594287996-086e2217a809?crop=entropy&amp;cs=tinysrgb&amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;ixid=M3wzMDAzMzh8MHwxfHNlYXJjaHwxNnx8JUM0JTkxJUUxJUJCJTgxJTIwdGhpJTIwdGklRTElQkElQkZuZyUyMGFuaCUyMG11bHRpcGxlJTIwY2hvaWNlfGVufDB8fHx8MTc3ODMxOTE5M3ww&amp;ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=80&amp;w=1080 1272w, https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1645594287996-086e2217a809?crop=entropy&amp;cs=tinysrgb&amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;ixid=M3wzMDAzMzh8MHwxfHNlYXJjaHwxNnx8JUM0JTkxJUUxJUJCJTgxJTIwdGhpJTIwdGklRTElQkElQkZuZyUyMGFuaCUyMG11bHRpcGxlJTIwY2hvaWNlfGVufDB8fHx8MTc3ODMxOTE5M3ww&amp;ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=80&amp;w=1080 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Photo by <a href="https://unsplash.com/@markuswinkler">Markus Winkler</a> on <a href="https://unsplash.com">Unsplash</a></figcaption></figure></div><p></p><p><strong>&#272;&#7873; thi ng&#224;y c&#224;ng kh&#243; v&#224; thi&#7871;u &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh</strong></p><p>Theo nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u, nh&#243;m t&#225;c gi&#7843; &#273;&#227; ph&#226;n t&#237;ch 22 b&#224;i &#273;&#7885;c hi&#7875;u trong &#273;&#7873; thi ti&#7871;ng Anh THPT t&#7915; n&#259;m 2015 &#273;&#7871;n 2025 b&#7857;ng c&#225;c c&#244;ng c&#7909; &#273;o &#273;&#7897; kh&#243; h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t v&#224; m&#7853;t &#273;&#7897; t&#7915; v&#7921;ng. K&#7871;t qu&#7843; cho th&#7845;y nhi&#7873;u b&#224;i &#273;&#7885;c c&#243; m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; kh&#243; v&#432;&#7907;t qu&#225; chu&#7849;n B1, &#273;&#243; l&#224; m&#7913;c n&#259;ng l&#7921;c m&#224; B&#7897; Gi&#225;o d&#7909;c v&#224; &#272;&#224;o t&#7841;o &#273;&#7863;t ra cho h&#7885;c sinh t&#7889;t nghi&#7879;p THPT.</p><p>C&#7909; th&#7875;, nhi&#7873;u b&#224;i &#273;&#7885;c &#273;&#7841;t &#273;i&#7875;m &#8220;Flesch Reading Ease&#8221; d&#432;&#7899;i 50, m&#7913;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c xem l&#224; kh&#243; &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i h&#7885;c sinh ph&#7893; th&#244;ng v&#224; t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh &#273;&#7897; sinh vi&#234;n &#273;&#7841;i h&#7885;c &#7903; n&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#224;i. &#272;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t, c&#225;c n&#259;m 2015, 2016, 2017, 2019 v&#224; 2025 xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n nh&#7919;ng v&#259;n b&#7843;n c&#243; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c c&#226;u d&#224;i, t&#7915; v&#7921;ng h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p v&#224; &#273;&#7897; kh&#243; cao b&#7845;t th&#432;&#7901;ng.</p><p>Nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u c&#361;ng ch&#7881; ra r&#7857;ng &#273;&#7873; thi th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c thi&#7871;t k&#7871; theo ki&#7875;u hai t&#7847;ng &#273;&#7897; kh&#243;, b&#224;i &#273;&#7885;c &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#7889;i ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i h&#7885;c sinh ph&#7893; th&#244;ng, trong khi b&#224;i &#273;&#7885;c th&#7913; hai c&#243; &#273;&#7897; kh&#243; t&#259;ng m&#7841;nh nh&#7857;m ph&#7909;c v&#7909; m&#7909;c ti&#234;u tuy&#7875;n sinh &#273;&#7841;i h&#7885;c. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y t&#7841;o ra s&#7921; thi&#7871;u &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#7919;a c&#225;c n&#259;m v&#224; khi&#7871;n nhi&#7873;u h&#7885;c sinh b&#7883; &#225;p l&#7921;c l&#7899;n trong ph&#242;ng thi.</p><p><strong>T&#7915; v&#7921;ng v&#432;&#7907;t xa ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh h&#7885;c</strong></p><p>M&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; n&#7893;i b&#7853;t l&#224; y&#234;u c&#7847;u t&#7915; v&#7921;ng c&#7911;a &#273;&#7873; thi. Theo nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u, &#273;&#7875; hi&#7875;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c kho&#7843;ng 95% n&#7897;i dung b&#224;i &#273;&#7885;c, l&#224; m&#7913;c t&#7889;i thi&#7875;u &#273;&#7875; l&#224;m b&#224;i hi&#7879;u qu&#7843;, h&#7885;c sinh c&#7847;n v&#7889;n t&#7915; kho&#7843;ng 3.000 t&#7899;i 5.000 word families (h&#7885; t&#7915;). Tuy nhi&#234;n, &#7903; m&#7897;t s&#7889; &#273;&#7873; kh&#243; nh&#432; n&#259;m 2025, h&#7885;c sinh c&#7847;n t&#7899;i 10.000&#8211;14.000 h&#7885; t&#7915; &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7841;t m&#7913;c hi&#7875;u t&#7889;i &#432;u 98%. Trong khi &#273;&#243;, h&#7885;c sinh THPT Vi&#7879;t Nam theo chu&#7849;n ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh hi&#7879;n h&#224;nh ch&#7881; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c k&#7923; v&#7885;ng &#273;&#7841;t kho&#7843;ng 2.000&#8211;3.000 h&#7885; t&#7915;, t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh &#273;&#7897; B1 theo Khung tham chi&#7871;u ch&#226;u &#194;u (CEFR). &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y cho th&#7845;y s&#7921; ch&#234;nh l&#7879;ch &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875; gi&#7919;a m&#7909;c ti&#234;u &#273;&#224;o t&#7841;o v&#224; y&#234;u c&#7847;u th&#7921;c t&#7871; c&#7911;a &#273;&#7873; thi.</p><p>C&#225;c t&#225;c gi&#7843; cho r&#7857;ng vi&#7879;c &#273;&#432;a qu&#225; nhi&#7873;u t&#7915; v&#7921;ng h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t v&#224; t&#7915; hi&#7871;m v&#224;o &#273;&#7873; thi kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; g&#226;y &#225;p l&#7921;c t&#226;m l&#253; m&#224; c&#242;n &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n t&#237;nh c&#244;ng b&#7857;ng, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i h&#7885;c sinh &#7903; khu v&#7921;c n&#244;ng th&#244;n ho&#7863;c &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n h&#7885;c t&#7853;p h&#7841;n ch&#7871;.</p><p><strong>M&#226;u thu&#7851;n gi&#7919;a x&#233;t t&#7889;t nghi&#7879;p v&#224; tuy&#7875;n sinh &#273;&#7841;i h&#7885;c</strong></p><p>M&#7897;t nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n s&#226;u xa &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u ch&#7881; ra l&#224; k&#7923; thi ti&#7871;ng Anh hi&#7879;n nay &#273;ang ph&#7843;i g&#225;nh hai m&#7909;c ti&#234;u c&#249;ng l&#250;c: v&#7915;a x&#233;t t&#7889;t nghi&#7879;p THPT, v&#7915;a d&#249;ng &#273;&#7875; tuy&#7875;n sinh &#273;&#7841;i h&#7885;c. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n &#8220;ngh&#7883;ch l&#253;&#8221; trong thi&#7871;t k&#7871; &#273;&#7873; thi: n&#7871;u &#273;&#7873; qu&#225; d&#7877; s&#7869; kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7911; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng ph&#226;n lo&#7841;i h&#7885;c sinh gi&#7887;i, nh&#432;ng n&#7871;u qu&#225; kh&#243; s&#7869; v&#432;&#7907;t kh&#7887;i n&#259;ng l&#7921;c trung b&#236;nh c&#7911;a h&#7885;c sinh ph&#7893; th&#244;ng.</p><p>Theo nh&#243;m nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u, gi&#7843;i ph&#225;p ph&#249; h&#7907;p l&#224; t&#225;ch ri&#234;ng hai m&#7909;c ti&#234;u n&#224;y b&#7857;ng c&#225;c b&#224;i thi kh&#225;c nhau. M&#7897;t b&#224;i thi n&#234;n t&#7853;p trung &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; n&#259;ng l&#7921;c c&#417; b&#7843;n ph&#7909;c v&#7909; x&#233;t t&#7889;t nghi&#7879;p, trong khi b&#224;i thi c&#242;n l&#7841;i ph&#7909;c v&#7909; tuy&#7875;n ch&#7885;n &#273;&#7841;i h&#7885;c v&#7899;i y&#234;u c&#7847;u h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t cao h&#417;n.</p><p><strong>C&#7847;n thay &#273;&#7893;i c&#225;ch d&#7841;y, h&#7885;c, v&#224; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; ti&#7871;ng Anh</strong></p><p>Ngo&#224;i vi&#7879;c &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh &#273;&#7873; thi, nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u c&#361;ng nh&#7845;n m&#7841;nh vai tr&#242; c&#7911;a nh&#224; tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#224; gi&#225;o vi&#234;n trong vi&#7879;c n&#226;ng cao k&#7929; n&#259;ng &#273;&#7885;c hi&#7875;u ti&#7871;ng Anh cho h&#7885;c sinh. C&#225;c t&#225;c gi&#7843; khuy&#7871;n ngh&#7883; h&#7885;c sinh c&#7847;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ti&#7871;p x&#250;c nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n v&#7899;i t&#224;i li&#7879;u th&#7921;c t&#7871; nh&#432; b&#225;o ch&#237;, truy&#7879;n ng&#7855;n v&#224; b&#224;i vi&#7871;t h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t thay v&#236; ch&#7881; h&#7885;c theo s&#225;ch gi&#225;o khoa. &#272;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i, gi&#225;o vi&#234;n c&#7847;n ch&#250; tr&#7885;ng ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n v&#7889;n t&#7915; v&#7921;ng theo &#8220;word families&#8221; v&#224; t&#259;ng c&#432;&#7901;ng vi&#7879;c &#273;&#7885;c m&#7903; r&#7897;ng &#273;&#7875; h&#7885;c sinh l&#224;m quen v&#7899;i v&#259;n b&#7843;n d&#224;i, kh&#243;. Quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n c&#7843;, l&#224; vi&#7879;c &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; c&#7847;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c thay &#273;&#7893;i, &#273;&#7875; t&#432;&#417;ng &#7913;ng v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng y&#234;u c&#7847;u ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh gi&#225;o d&#7909;c ph&#7893; th&#244;ng &#273;&#7873; ra.</p><p><strong>K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n</strong></p><p>Nh&#7919;ng d&#7919; li&#7879;u t&#7915; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u cho th&#7845;y &#273;&#7873; thi ti&#7871;ng Anh THPT &#7903; Vi&#7879;t Nam &#273;ang t&#7891;n t&#7841;i kho&#7843;ng c&#225;ch &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875; gi&#7919;a m&#7909;c ti&#234;u &#273;&#224;o t&#7841;o v&#224; y&#234;u c&#7847;u &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; th&#7921;c t&#7871;. Vi&#7879;c n&#226;ng cao ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng ti&#7871;ng Anh cho h&#7885;c sinh l&#224; c&#7847;n thi&#7871;t trong b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh h&#7897;i nh&#7853;p qu&#7889;c t&#7871;, tuy nhi&#234;n &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; c&#7847;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n m&#7897;t c&#225;ch h&#7907;p l&#253;, c&#244;ng b&#7857;ng v&#224; ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i n&#259;ng l&#7921;c c&#7911;a &#273;a s&#7889; ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c. N&#7871;u kh&#244;ng c&#243; nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh k&#7883;p th&#7901;i, k&#7923; thi ti&#7871;ng Anh c&#243; th&#7875; ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c tr&#7903; th&#224;nh &#225;p l&#7921;c l&#7899;n thay v&#236; l&#224; c&#244;ng c&#7909; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; n&#259;ng l&#7921;c h&#7885;c sinh.</p><p><em>B&#224;i vi&#7871;t c&#7911;a TS Cao Th&#7883; H&#7891;ng Ph&#432;&#417;ng, t&#7889;t nghi&#7879;p ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh TS v&#7873; ng&#244;n ng&#7919; h&#7885;c &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng t&#7841;i &#272;H Victoria Wellington, b&#224; c&#243; chuy&#234;n m&#244;n s&#226;u v&#7873; ki&#7875;m tra &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh Ti&#7871;ng Anh h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t. </em></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading PhuongCao's Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Nỗi ám ảnh mang tên Literature Review]]></title><description><![CDATA[V&#224; c&#225;ch v&#432;&#7907;t qua]]></description><link>https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/noi-am-anh-mang-ten-literature-review</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/noi-am-anh-mang-ten-literature-review</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Cao Thi Hong Phuong]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 05 May 2026 07:40:25 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lWp6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbb182538-35d8-4f5b-85e8-38ad31b97edd_1024x608.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>C&#243; m&#7897;t kho&#7843;nh kh&#7855;c m&#224; g&#7847;n nh&#432; m&#7885;i h&#7885;c vi&#234;n cao h&#7885;c ng&#224;nh Ng&#244;n ng&#7919; h&#7885;c &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng &#273;&#7873;u t&#7915;ng tr&#7843;i qua. B&#7841;n &#273;&#7885;c r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u v&#7873; second language acquisition, corrective feedback, task-based learning. B&#7841;n highlight g&#7847;n nh&#432; to&#224;n b&#7897; b&#224;i b&#225;o. Nh&#432;ng khi b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u vi&#7871;t literature review (LR), b&#7841;n l&#7841;i &#273;&#7913;ng h&#236;nh v&#236; kh&#244;ng bi&#7871;t ph&#7843;i &#273;&#7863;t b&#250;t vi&#7871;t c&#226;u &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n nh&#432; th&#7871; n&#224;o.  C&#243; l&#7869; b&#7841;n thi&#7871;u c&#225;ch di&#7877;n &#273;&#7841;t mang t&#237;nh h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t. V&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m &#7903; vi&#7879;c b&#7841;n &#273;&#7885;c ch&#432;a &#273;&#7911;, m&#224; l&#224; b&#7841;n ch&#432;a c&#243; ng&#244;n ng&#7919; &#273;&#7875; vi&#7871;t.  D&#432;&#7899;i &#273;&#226;y l&#224; 5 tips cho b&#7841;n khi vi&#7871;t LR nh&#233;.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lWp6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbb182538-35d8-4f5b-85e8-38ad31b97edd_1024x608.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lWp6!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_424, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbb182538-35d8-4f5b-85e8-38ad31b97edd_1024x608.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lWp6!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_848, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbb182538-35d8-4f5b-85e8-38ad31b97edd_1024x608.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lWp6!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbb182538-35d8-4f5b-85e8-38ad31b97edd_1024x608.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lWp6!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbb182538-35d8-4f5b-85e8-38ad31b97edd_1024x608.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lWp6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbb182538-35d8-4f5b-85e8-38ad31b97edd_1024x608.png" width="1024" height="608" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/bb182538-35d8-4f5b-85e8-38ad31b97edd_1024x608.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:&quot;normal&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:608,&quot;width&quot;:1024,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lWp6!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_424, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbb182538-35d8-4f5b-85e8-38ad31b97edd_1024x608.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lWp6!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_848, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbb182538-35d8-4f5b-85e8-38ad31b97edd_1024x608.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lWp6!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbb182538-35d8-4f5b-85e8-38ad31b97edd_1024x608.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lWp6!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbb182538-35d8-4f5b-85e8-38ad31b97edd_1024x608.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Literature Review</figcaption></figure></div><p></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading PhuongCao's Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p>1<strong>. H&#227;y x&#226;y d&#7921;ng l&#7853;p lu&#7853;n</strong></p><p>Literature review kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; n&#417;i b&#7841;n k&#7875; l&#7841;i m&#236;nh &#273;&#227; &#273;&#7885;c g&#236;, m&#224; l&#224; n&#417;i b&#7841;n x&#226;y d&#7921;ng l&#7853;p lu&#7853;n d&#7921;a tr&#234;n nh&#7919;ng g&#236; &#273;&#227; &#273;&#7885;c. V&#224; &#273;&#7875; l&#224;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243;, b&#7841;n c&#7847;n nh&#7919;ng c&#7845;u tr&#250;c c&#7909; th&#7875;.   B&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#7915; ph&#7847;n m&#7903; &#273;&#7847;u, thay v&#236; vi&#7871;t qu&#225; chung chung ho&#7863;c qu&#225; c&#225; nh&#226;n , h&#227;y d&#249;ng nh&#7919;ng c&#226;u c&#243; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng &#8220;neo&#8221; ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; c&#7911;a b&#7841;n v&#224;o d&#242;ng ch&#7843;y nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i:</p><ul><li><p><em>In recent years, there has been growing interest in the role of corrective feedback in second language classrooms.</em></p></li></ul><ul><li><p><em>A large and growing body of literature has investigated how feedback influences learner uptake.</em></p></li></ul><ul><li><p><em>Much of the current literature on second language acquisition pays particular attention to interactional feedback.</em></p></li></ul><p>Nh&#7919;ng c&#226;u n&#224;y gi&#250;p b&#7841;n l&#224;m r&#245; v&#7899;i h&#7897;i &#273;&#7891;ng r&#7857;ng, &#273;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u r&#7897;ng r&#227;i v&#224; b&#7841;n &#273;ang l&#224;m ch&#7911; cu&#7897;c ch&#417;i.</p><p><strong>2. Ngh&#7879; thu&#7853;t t&#7893;ng h&#7907;p theo &#253; t&#432;&#7903;ng (Synthesis)</strong></p><p>L&#7895;i ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n nh&#7845;t l&#224; vi&#7871;t theo ki&#7875;u li&#7879;t k&#234; t&#7915;ng t&#225;c gi&#7843;. &#272;&#7875; b&#224;i vi&#7871;t c&#243; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c r&#245; r&#224;ng thay v&#236; r&#7901;i r&#7841;c , b&#7841;n c&#7847;n t&#7893;ng h&#7907;p theo &#253; t&#432;&#7903;ng, v&#237; d&#7909; nh&#432;</p><ul><li><p><em>Several studies have reported that corrective feedback facilitates language development in classroom settings.</em></p></li></ul><ul><li><p><em>Previous research has shown that explicit feedback is more effective for adult learners than implicit feedback.</em></p></li></ul><ul><li><p><em>A number of researchers have examined the relationship between feedback and learner uptake.</em></p></li></ul><p>Sau &#273;&#243;, khi c&#7847;n d&#7851;n ch&#7913;ng c&#7909; th&#7875; ho&#7863;c nh&#7855;c &#273;&#7871;n nh&#7919;ng Big names trong ng&#224;nh, b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; c&#226;n nh&#7855;c c&#225;c c&#225;ch di&#7877;n &#273;&#7841;t sau:</p><ul><li><p><em>According to author A (year), recasts are the most frequently used type of feedback in classrooms.</em></p></li></ul><ul><li><p><em>Author A argues that different types of feedback may lead to different learning outcomes.</em></p></li></ul><p><strong>3. So s&#225;nh v&#224; b&#236;nh lu&#7853;n</strong></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IELD!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F384b6fa3-bafd-4dd8-931e-62f7207e1820_1024x608.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IELD!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_424, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F384b6fa3-bafd-4dd8-931e-62f7207e1820_1024x608.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IELD!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_848, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F384b6fa3-bafd-4dd8-931e-62f7207e1820_1024x608.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IELD!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F384b6fa3-bafd-4dd8-931e-62f7207e1820_1024x608.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IELD!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F384b6fa3-bafd-4dd8-931e-62f7207e1820_1024x608.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IELD!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F384b6fa3-bafd-4dd8-931e-62f7207e1820_1024x608.png" width="1024" height="608" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/384b6fa3-bafd-4dd8-931e-62f7207e1820_1024x608.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:&quot;normal&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:608,&quot;width&quot;:1024,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IELD!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_424, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F384b6fa3-bafd-4dd8-931e-62f7207e1820_1024x608.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IELD!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_848, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F384b6fa3-bafd-4dd8-931e-62f7207e1820_1024x608.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IELD!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F384b6fa3-bafd-4dd8-931e-62f7207e1820_1024x608.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IELD!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F384b6fa3-bafd-4dd8-931e-62f7207e1820_1024x608.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Tips in writing literature review TESOl </figcaption></figure></div><p></p><p>Ph&#7847;n n&#224;y l&#224; l&#250;c b&#7841;n th&#7921;c s&#7921; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u vi&#7871;t nh&#432; m&#7897;t nh&#224; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u b&#7857;ng c&#225;ch &#273;&#7863;t c&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u c&#7841;nh nhau &#273;&#7875; so s&#225;nh.</p><p>Khi b&#7841;n th&#7845;y c&#225;c t&#225;c gi&#7843; c&#249;ng nh&#236;n v&#7873; m&#7897;t h&#432;&#7899;ng:</p><ul><li><p><em>Similarly, several studies have found positive effects of feedback on learner performance (nh&#7899; tr&#237;ch d&#7851;n nhi&#7873;u t&#225;c gi&#7843; &#7903; &#273;&#226;y).</em></p></li></ul><ul><li><p><em>In line with these findings, other researchers report that feedback enhances noticing.</em></p></li></ul><p>Khi c&#225;c t&#225;c g&#7881;a &#273;i theo tr&#432;&#7901;ng ph&#225;i kh&#225;c nhau</p><ul><li><p><em>In contrast, some researchers argue that corrective feedback may have limited long-term effects.</em></p></li></ul><ul><li><p><em>However, Author A (year) suggests that error correction should be abandoned altogether.</em></p></li></ul><ul><li><p><em>While Author B (year) emphasizes the benefits of interactional feedback, others question its effectiveness in real classrooms.</em></p></li></ul><p>N&#7871;u kh&#244;ng c&#243; nh&#7919;ng c&#226;u chuy&#7875;n s&#7855;c b&#233;n nh&#432; v&#7853;y, b&#224;i c&#7911;a b&#7841;n ch&#7881; d&#7915;ng &#7903; m&#7913;c t&#243;m t&#7855;t th&#244; s&#417;.</p><p><strong>4. Critical Analysis Ph&#226;n t&#237;ch &#273;&#7875; t&#236;m th&#7845;y kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u</strong></p><p>B&#7841;n c&#7847;n th&#7875; hi&#7879;n r&#7857;ng m&#236;nh hi&#7875;u nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u s&#226;u &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#7843; &#273;i&#7875;m m&#7841;nh l&#7851;n h&#7841;n ch&#7871; c&#7911;a n&#243;.</p><ul><li><p><em>A major strength of this study is its use of classroom-based data collected over an extended period.</em></p></li></ul><ul><li><p><em>This approach provides valuable insights into how learners respond to feedback without delay.</em></p></li></ul><p>Nh&#432;ng h&#227;y t&#7881;nh t&#225;o ch&#7881; ra nh&#7919;ng gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7863;t nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#224;o &#273;&#250;ng b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh:</p><ul><li><p><em>However, this study is limited by its small sample size.</em></p></li></ul><ul><li><p><em>One weakness of this research is the lack of longitudinal evidence.</em></p></li></ul><ul><li><p><em>The findings may be limited due to the controlled experimental setting.</em></p></li></ul><p><strong>5. C&#250; ch&#7889;t khi b&#7841;n kh&#7859;ng &#273;&#7883;nh s&#7921; t&#7891;n t&#7841;i c&#7911;a nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u</strong></p><p>T&#7915; nh&#7919;ng h&#7841;n ch&#7871; tr&#234;n, b&#7841;n &#273;i &#273;&#7871;n b&#432;&#7899;c quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t: X&#225;c &#273;&#7883;nh kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u (Research Gap). &#272;&#226;y ch&#237;nh l&#224; l&#253; do v&#236; sao nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u c&#7911;a b&#7841;n c&#7847;n t&#7891;n t&#7841;i.</p><ul><li><p><em>However, there is a lack of empirical evidence of on corrective feedback in online learning environments.</em></p></li></ul><ul><li><p><em>Few studies have addressed how Vietnamese EFL learners respond to peer feedback.</em></p></li></ul><ul><li><p><em>This area remains underexplored in the context of technology-mediated language learning.</em></p></li></ul><ul><li><p><em>To date, little attention has been paid to learner perceptions of feedback in blended classrooms.</em></p></li></ul><p>Cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng, h&#227;y k&#7871;t n&#7889;i tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p v&#7899;i nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u c&#7911;a ch&#237;nh b&#7841;n:</p><ul><li><p><em>This study addresses this gap by examining the effects of peer feedback in online EFL classes.</em></p></li></ul><ul><li><p><em>The present research seeks to investigate how learners engage with feedback in digital environments.</em></p></li></ul><ul><li><p><em>Building on previous work, this study explores feedback practices in Vietnamese university classrooms.</em></p></li></ul><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; b&#432;&#7899;c chuy&#7875;n m&#236;nh t&#7915; m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7893;ng h&#7907;p sang m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#243;ng g&#243;p cho tri th&#7913;c.   &#272;i&#7873;u khi&#7871;n LR tr&#7903; th&#224;nh n&#7895;i &#225;m &#7843;nh kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#236; n&#243; qu&#225; kh&#243;, m&#224; v&#236; b&#7841;n &#273;ang c&#7889; vi&#7871;t m&#224; kh&#244;ng c&#243; c&#244;ng c&#7909;. Khi s&#7903; h&#7919;u nh&#7919;ng c&#7845;u tr&#250;c c&#7909; th&#7875; n&#224;y, vi&#7879;c vi&#7871;t kh&#244;ng c&#242;n l&#224; v&#7853;t l&#7897;n v&#7899;i c&#226;u ch&#7919;, m&#224; l&#224; qu&#225; tr&#236;nh x&#226;y d&#7921;ng t&#432; duy h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t &#273;&#7881;nh cao.   Ch&#250;c b&#7841;n c&#243; m&#7897;t m&#249;a lu&#7853;n v&#259;n s&#7889;ng s&#243;t v&#224; r&#7921;c r&#7905; nh&#233;.</p><p></p><p>Trainer: Cao Th&#7883; H&#7891;ng Ph&#432;&#417;ng </p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading PhuongCao's Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[ Introduction to TESOL]]></title><description><![CDATA[D&#224;nh cho sinh vi&#234;n n&#259;m cu&#7889;i, gi&#225;o vi&#234;n m&#7899;i v&#224;o ngh&#7873;, v&#224; gi&#225;o vi&#234;n tr&#225;i ng&#224;nh]]></description><link>https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/introduction-to-tesol</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/introduction-to-tesol</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Cao Thi Hong Phuong]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 26 Apr 2026 13:33:15 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!x6Yb!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6e239d3-3721-4f4e-8f26-1a8797f70e59_989x1334.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Cu&#7889;n <em>Introduction to TESOL: Becoming a Language Teaching Professional</em> c&#7911;a Kate Reynolds, Kenan Dikilita&#351; v&#224; Steve Close (2021) l&#224; m&#7897;t t&#224;i li&#7879;u nh&#7853;p m&#244;n to&#224;n di&#7879;n d&#224;nh cho nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c v&#224; gi&#225;o vi&#234;n t&#432;&#417;ng lai trong l&#297;nh v&#7921;c gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y ti&#7871;ng Anh cho ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c ng&#244;n ng&#7919; th&#7913; hai ho&#7863;c ngo&#7841;i ng&#7919; (TESOL). Cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch h&#432;&#7899;ng &#273;&#7871;n &#273;&#7889;i t&#432;&#7907;ng ch&#237;nh l&#224; gi&#225;o sinh (pre-service teachers) v&#224; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7899;i b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u b&#432;&#7899;c v&#224;o ngh&#7873;, c&#361;ng nh&#432; tr&#225;i ng&#224;nh, v&#7899;i m&#7909;c ti&#234;u cung c&#7845;p n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng l&#253; thuy&#7871;t v&#224; &#273;&#7883;nh h&#432;&#7899;ng th&#7921;c h&#224;nh trong gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y ng&#244;n ng&#7919;.</p><p><strong>N&#7897;i dung v&#224; ph&#7841;m vi</strong></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading PhuongCao's Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p>Cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch tr&#236;nh b&#224;y m&#7897;t c&#225;ch c&#243; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng c&#225;c kh&#237;a c&#7841;nh c&#7889;t l&#245;i c&#7911;a TESOL, bao g&#7891;m l&#253; thuy&#7871;t ti&#7871;p thu ng&#244;n ng&#7919; th&#7913; hai, ki&#7871;n th&#7913;c ng&#244;n ng&#7919; h&#7885;c, ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&#225;p gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y v&#224; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n ngh&#7873; nghi&#7879;p. N&#7897;i dung &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#7893; ch&#7913;c theo h&#432;&#7899;ng t&#7915; t&#7893;ng quan &#273;&#7871;n &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng, gi&#250;p ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7885;c hi&#7875;u r&#245; b&#7843;n ch&#7845;t c&#7911;a TESOL nh&#432; m&#7897;t l&#297;nh v&#7921;c v&#7915;a mang t&#237;nh h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t v&#7915;a mang t&#237;nh th&#7921;c h&#224;nh. B&#234;n c&#7841;nh &#273;&#243;, s&#225;ch c&#361;ng &#273;&#7873; c&#7853;p &#273;&#7871;n c&#225;c y&#7871;u t&#7889; x&#227; h&#7897;i, v&#259;n h&#243;a v&#224; ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n vi&#7879;c d&#7841;y v&#224; h&#7885;c ng&#244;n ng&#7919;, qua &#273;&#243; nh&#7845;n m&#7841;nh t&#237;nh ph&#7913;c h&#7907;p c&#7911;a b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh gi&#225;o d&#7909;c ng&#244;n ng&#7919; trong th&#7901;i &#273;&#7841;i to&#224;n c&#7847;u h&#243;a.</p><p><strong>&#431;u &#273;i&#7875;m</strong></p><p>M&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7875;m m&#7841;nh n&#7893;i b&#7853;t c&#7911;a cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch l&#224; s&#7921; k&#7871;t h&#7907;p h&#224;i h&#242;a gi&#7919;a l&#253; thuy&#7871;t v&#224; th&#7921;c ti&#7877;n. C&#225;c kh&#225;i ni&#7879;m quan tr&#7885;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c tr&#236;nh b&#224;y r&#245; r&#224;ng, d&#7877; ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n, &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i lu&#244;n g&#7855;n v&#7899;i c&#225;c t&#236;nh hu&#7889;ng l&#7899;p h&#7885;c c&#7909; th&#7875;, gi&#250;p ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c h&#236;nh dung c&#225;ch &#225;p d&#7909;ng v&#224;o th&#7921;c t&#7871; gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y.</p><p>Ngo&#224;i ra, vi&#7879;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng c&#225;c t&#236;nh hu&#7889;ng gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y th&#7921;c t&#7871;<strong> (vignettes)</strong> t&#7915; nhi&#7873;u b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh qu&#7889;c t&#7871; g&#243;p ph&#7847;n l&#224;m t&#259;ng t&#237;nh &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng v&#224; gi&#250;p ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7885;c ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n t&#432; duy ph&#7843;n bi&#7879;n v&#7873; vai tr&#242; c&#7911;a gi&#225;o vi&#234;n trong c&#225;c m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#225;c nhau. Cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch c&#361;ng cung c&#7845;p m&#7897;t c&#225;i nh&#236;n to&#224;n di&#7879;n v&#7873; ngh&#7873; nghi&#7879;p trong l&#297;nh v&#7921;c TESOL, bao g&#7891;m c&#225;c &#273;&#7883;nh h&#432;&#7899;ng ngh&#7873; nghi&#7879;p, vai tr&#242; c&#7911;a gi&#225;o vi&#234;n, c&#361;ng nh&#432; y&#234;u c&#7847;u v&#7873; n&#259;ng l&#7921;c chuy&#234;n m&#244;n. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t h&#7919;u &#237;ch &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i gi&#225;o sinh trong qu&#225; tr&#236;nh h&#236;nh th&#224;nh b&#7843;n s&#7855;c ngh&#7873; nghi&#7879;p.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!x6Yb!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6e239d3-3721-4f4e-8f26-1a8797f70e59_989x1334.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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/__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6e239d3-3721-4f4e-8f26-1a8797f70e59_989x1334.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!x6Yb!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6e239d3-3721-4f4e-8f26-1a8797f70e59_989x1334.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p><strong>H&#7841;n ch&#7871;</strong></p><p>Tuy nhi&#234;n, do mang t&#237;nh ch&#7845;t nh&#7853;p m&#244;n, m&#7897;t s&#7889; n&#7897;i dung trong s&#225;ch ch&#432;a &#273;&#432;&#7907;c khai th&#225;c s&#226;u. C&#225;c v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; nh&#432; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; ng&#244;n ng&#7919;, t&#432;&#417;ng t&#225;c l&#7899;p h&#7885;c hay c&#225;c h&#432;&#7899;ng ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n ph&#234; ph&#225;n ch&#7881; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7873; c&#7853;p &#7903; m&#7913;c kh&#225;i qu&#225;t. V&#236; v&#7853;y, ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7885;c &#7903; tr&#236;nh &#273;&#7897; n&#226;ng cao c&#243; th&#7875; c&#7847;n tham kh&#7843;o th&#234;m c&#225;c t&#224;i li&#7879;u chuy&#234;n s&#226;u h&#417;n. B&#234;n c&#7841;nh &#273;&#243;, m&#7863;c d&#249; s&#225;ch c&#243; &#273;&#7873; c&#7853;p &#273;&#7871;n t&#237;nh &#273;a d&#7841;ng c&#7911;a c&#225;c b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh TESOL tr&#234;n th&#7871; gi&#7899;i, nh&#432;ng c&#225;c th&#225;ch th&#7913;c &#273;&#7863;c th&#249; &#7903; c&#225;c qu&#7889;c gia &#273;ang ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n (v&#237; d&#7909;: h&#7841;n ch&#7871; v&#7873; ngu&#7891;n l&#7921;c, ch&#234;nh l&#7879;ch tr&#236;nh &#273;&#7897; ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c) ch&#432;a &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&#226;n t&#237;ch &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911;.</p><p><strong>&#221; ngh&#297;a &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i gi&#225;o sinh</strong></p><p>&#272;&#7889;i v&#7899;i gi&#225;o sinh, cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch c&#243; gi&#225; tr&#7883; &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t khi ph&#7843;n &#225;nh &#273;&#250;ng qu&#225; tr&#236;nh ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n t&#7915; nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c l&#253; thuy&#7871;t &#273;&#7871;n n&#259;ng l&#7921;c th&#7921;c h&#224;nh. C&#225;ch ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n n&#224;y ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i &#273;&#7883;nh h&#432;&#7899;ng &#273;&#224;o t&#7841;o gi&#225;o vi&#234;n hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i, n&#417;i ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; n&#7855;m ki&#7871;n th&#7913;c m&#224; c&#242;n c&#7847;n ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n n&#259;ng l&#7921;c s&#432; ph&#7841;m v&#224; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng t&#7921; ph&#7843;n t&#432;.</p><p>&#272;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i, n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng m&#224; cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch cung c&#7845;p c&#361;ng c&#243; th&#7875; h&#7895; tr&#7907; vi&#7879;c ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n c&#225;c ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&#225;p t&#237;ch h&#7907;p nh&#432; CLIL, v&#7889;n &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i s&#7921; k&#7871;t h&#7907;p gi&#7919;a n&#7897;i dung, ng&#244;n ng&#7919; v&#224; ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&#225;p gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y.</p><p><strong>K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n</strong></p><p>Nh&#236;n chu<strong>ng, </strong><em><strong>Introduction to TESOL: Becoming a Language Teaching Professional</strong></em><strong> l&#224; m</strong>&#7897;t t&#224;i li&#7879;u nh&#7853;p m&#244;n c&#243; gi&#225; tr&#7883;, cung c&#7845;p c&#225;i nh&#236;n to&#224;n di&#7879;n v&#224; d&#7877; ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n v&#7873; l&#297;nh v&#7921;c TESOL. V&#7899;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c r&#245; r&#224;ng, n&#7897;i dung c&#226;n b&#7857;ng gi&#7919;a l&#253; thuy&#7871;t v&#224; th&#7921;c h&#224;nh, cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i gi&#225;o sinh v&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7899;i b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u. Tuy ch&#432;a &#273;i s&#226;u v&#224;o m&#7897;t s&#7889; kh&#237;a c&#7841;nh chuy&#234;n m&#244;n, nh&#432;ng &#273;&#226;y v&#7851;n l&#224; n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng v&#7919;ng ch&#7855;c cho vi&#7879;c h&#7885;c t&#7853;p v&#224; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n ngh&#7873; nghi&#7879;p trong l&#297;nh v&#7921;c gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y ng&#244;n ng&#7919;.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading PhuongCao's Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Tài Nguyên về Language Assessment]]></title><description><![CDATA[Kh&#225;m ph&#225; series video v&#7873; Language Testing & Assessment t&#7915; Victoria University of Wellington]]></description><link>https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/tai-nguyen-ve-language-assessment</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/tai-nguyen-ve-language-assessment</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Cao Thi Hong Phuong]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 01 Apr 2026 01:16:12 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NjL3!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff76fc8df-1937-45da-ac43-ddb9ff76f9d4_1024x608.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n &#273;ang t&#236;m m&#7897;t ngu&#7891;n t&#224;i li&#7879;u n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng v&#7873; language testing &amp; assessment, th&#236; playlist n&#224;y t&#7915; <strong>Khoa Ng&#244;n ng&#7919; h&#7885;c &#7912;ng d&#7909;ng (School of Linguistics and Applied Language Studies) thu&#7897;c Victoria University of Wellington</strong> ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n l&#224; m&#7897;t l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n r&#7845;t &#273;&#225;ng &#273;&#7875; kh&#225;m ph&#225;.</p><p>Series bao g&#7891;m <strong>18 video ng&#7855;</strong>n, t&#7853;p trung gi&#7899;i thi&#7879;u nh&#7919;ng kh&#225;i ni&#7879;m c&#7889;t l&#245;i trong &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; ng&#244;n ng&#7919;. N&#7897;i dung &#273;&#432;&#7907;c thi&#7871;t k&#7871; theo h&#432;&#7899;ng d&#7877; hi&#7875;u, ph&#249; h&#7907;p cho c&#7843; ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7899;i b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u l&#7851;n nh&#7919;ng ai &#273;ang h&#7885;c chuy&#234;n s&#226;u trong l&#297;nh v&#7921;c gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y ng&#244;n ng&#7919;.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading PhuongCao's Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p>Trong playlist, b&#7841;n s&#7869; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c l&#224;m quen v&#7899;i c&#225;c kh&#225;i ni&#7879;m quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#432; validity (&#273;&#7897; gi&#225; tr&#7883;), li&#7879;u b&#224;i ki&#7875;m tra c&#243; th&#7921;c s&#7921; &#273;o &#273;&#250;ng n&#259;ng l&#7921;c c&#7847;n &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; hay kh&#244;ng, hay reliability (&#273;&#7897; tin c&#7853;y),  m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh v&#224; nh&#7845;t qu&#225;n c&#7911;a k&#7871;t qu&#7843;. Ngo&#224;i ra, series c&#361;ng gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch r&#245; s&#7921; kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t gi&#7919;a formative assessment (&#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; qu&#225; tr&#236;nh) v&#224; summative assessment (&#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; t&#7893;ng k&#7871;t).</p><p>Link &#273;&#226;y b&#7841;n nh&#233; <a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLZtk7A6i_hdiwB87l2DCO1MqfLJoHIA6G">https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLZtk7A6i_hdiwB87l2DCO1MqfLJoHIA6G</a></p><p>&#272;i&#7875;m n&#7893;i b&#7853;t c&#7911;a chu&#7895;i video n&#224;y l&#224; c&#225;ch tr&#236;nh b&#224;y r&#245; r&#224;ng, logic v&#224; kh&#244;ng qu&#225; n&#7863;ng h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t, gi&#250;p ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c d&#7877; ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n nh&#432;ng v&#7851;n &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o t&#237;nh n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t ngu&#7891;n h&#7885;c li&#7879;u r&#7845;t ph&#249; h&#7907;p cho sinh vi&#234;n ng&#224;nh ng&#244;n ng&#7919;, gi&#225;o vi&#234;n, ho&#7863;c b&#7845;t k&#7923; ai quan t&#226;m &#273;&#7871;n TESOL v&#224; Applied Linguistics.</p><p>B&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; xem m&#7895;i video nh&#432; m&#7897;t b&#224;i h&#7885;c nh&#7887; m&#7895;i ng&#224;y &#273;&#7875; x&#226;y d&#7921;ng ki&#7871;n th&#7913;c m&#7897;t c&#225;ch v&#7919;ng ch&#7855;c v&#224; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NjL3!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff76fc8df-1937-45da-ac43-ddb9ff76f9d4_1024x608.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NjL3!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_424, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff76fc8df-1937-45da-ac43-ddb9ff76f9d4_1024x608.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NjL3!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_848, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff76fc8df-1937-45da-ac43-ddb9ff76f9d4_1024x608.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NjL3!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff76fc8df-1937-45da-ac43-ddb9ff76f9d4_1024x608.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NjL3!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff76fc8df-1937-45da-ac43-ddb9ff76f9d4_1024x608.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NjL3!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff76fc8df-1937-45da-ac43-ddb9ff76f9d4_1024x608.png" width="1024" height="608" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f76fc8df-1937-45da-ac43-ddb9ff76f9d4_1024x608.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:&quot;normal&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:608,&quot;width&quot;:1024,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NjL3!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_424, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff76fc8df-1937-45da-ac43-ddb9ff76f9d4_1024x608.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NjL3!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_848, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff76fc8df-1937-45da-ac43-ddb9ff76f9d4_1024x608.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NjL3!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff76fc8df-1937-45da-ac43-ddb9ff76f9d4_1024x608.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NjL3!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff76fc8df-1937-45da-ac43-ddb9ff76f9d4_1024x608.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">language assessment</figcaption></figure></div><p>&#128279; Link playlist: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLZtk7A6i_hdiwB87l2DCO1MqfLJoHIA6G">https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLZtk7A6i_hdiwB87l2DCO1MqfLJoHIA6G</a></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading PhuongCao's Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[How to Structure Literature Review]]></title><description><![CDATA[Here are Five Ways]]></description><link>https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/how-to-structure-literature-review</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/how-to-structure-literature-review</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Cao Thi Hong Phuong]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 30 Mar 2026 12:31:19 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HUU_!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6cf2f061-1fd6-460b-aab4-0244353d4c52_1920x1080.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>B&#7841;n &#273;&#227; &#273;&#7885;c. V&#224; &#273;&#7885;c. V&#224; &#273;&#7885;c n&#7919;a. B&#7841;n highlight k&#237;n t&#224;i li&#7879;u, ghi ch&#250; &#273;&#7847;y trang, vi&#7871;t summary, l&#224;m memo, v&#7869; mind-map, ph&#226;n nh&#243;m t&#7915;ng b&#224;i r&#7845;t c&#7849;n th&#7853;n. B&#7841;n l&#224;m &#273;&#250;ng m&#7885;i th&#7913; m&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i ta n&#243;i l&#224; ph&#7843;i l&#224;m khi chu&#7849;n b&#7883; vi&#7871;t Literature Review. Nh&#432;ng khi m&#7903; file ra &#273;&#7875; vi&#7871;t, b&#7841;n v&#7851;n kh&#244;ng b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c. Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#236; b&#7841;n ch&#432;a &#273;&#7885;c &#273;&#7911;, m&#224; v&#236; b&#7841;n kh&#244;ng bi&#7871;t l&#224;m th&#7871; n&#224;o &#273;&#7875; k&#233;o t&#7845;t c&#7843; nh&#7919;ng g&#236; &#273;&#227; &#273;&#7885;c th&#224;nh m&#7897;t v&#259;n b&#7843;n c&#243; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c. B&#7841;n hi&#7875;u m&#7909;c &#273;&#237;ch c&#7911;a literature review, nh&#432;ng &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; kh&#244;ng gi&#250;p b&#7841;n bi&#7871;t n&#234;n t&#7893; ch&#7913;c n&#243; ra sao cho ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i ch&#237;nh nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u c&#7911;a m&#236;nh. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; &#273;i&#7875;m m&#224; r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#7883; m&#7855;c k&#7865;t, cho d&#249; h&#7885; c&#243; r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u t&#224;i li&#7879;u, nh&#432;ng l&#7841;i kh&#244;ng c&#243; m&#7897;t c&#225;ch k&#7875; chuy&#7879;n r&#245; r&#224;ng, kh&#244;ng l&#224;m n&#7893;i b&#7853;t r&#245; lu&#7853;n &#273;i&#7875;m c&#7911;a nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u.</p><p>V&#7853;y th&#7917; d&#7915;ng l&#7841;i m&#7897;t ch&#250;t nh&#233;. &#272;&#7915;ng vi&#7871;t v&#7897;i. H&#227;y t&#7921; h&#7887;i xem n&#7871;u ph&#7843;i k&#7875; l&#7841;i l&#297;nh v&#7921;c c&#7911;a m&#236;nh cho m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#225;c nghe, b&#7841;n s&#7869; k&#7875; theo c&#225;ch n&#224;o? B&#7841;n s&#7869; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#7915; qu&#225; kh&#7913; r&#7891;i &#273;i t&#7899;i hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i? Hay b&#7841;n s&#7869; chia m&#7885;i th&#7913; th&#224;nh t&#7915;ng nh&#243;m v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873;? Hay b&#7841;n s&#7869; ch&#7881; ch&#7885;n nh&#7919;ng nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7875; ph&#226;n t&#237;ch? Ch&#237;nh c&#226;u tr&#7843; l&#7901;i cho nh&#7919;ng c&#226;u h&#7887;i n&#224;y s&#7869; d&#7851;n b&#7841;n t&#7899;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c ph&#249; h&#7907;p.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading PhuongCao's Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HUU_!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6cf2f061-1fd6-460b-aab4-0244353d4c52_1920x1080.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HUU_!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_424, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6cf2f061-1fd6-460b-aab4-0244353d4c52_1920x1080.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HUU_!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_848, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6cf2f061-1fd6-460b-aab4-0244353d4c52_1920x1080.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HUU_!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6cf2f061-1fd6-460b-aab4-0244353d4c52_1920x1080.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HUU_!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6cf2f061-1fd6-460b-aab4-0244353d4c52_1920x1080.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HUU_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6cf2f061-1fd6-460b-aab4-0244353d4c52_1920x1080.jpeg" width="1456" height="819" 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/__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6cf2f061-1fd6-460b-aab4-0244353d4c52_1920x1080.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HUU_!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6cf2f061-1fd6-460b-aab4-0244353d4c52_1920x1080.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p><strong>A chronology</strong></p><p>M&#7897;t l&#224;, n&#7871;u b&#7841;n th&#7845;y l&#297;nh v&#7921;c c&#7911;a m&#236;nh gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; m&#7897;t c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n theo th&#7901;i gian, b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#7885;n vi&#7871;t theo d&#242;ng th&#7901;i gian (chronology). Nh&#432;ng h&#227;y c&#7849;n th&#7853;n: b&#7841;n kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; &#273;ang k&#7875; l&#7841;i ai l&#224;m g&#236; tr&#432;&#7899;c, m&#224; &#273;ang cho ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7885;c th&#7845;y &#253; t&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#227; thay &#273;&#7893;i nh&#432; th&#7871; n&#224;o v&#224; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u c&#7911;a b&#7841;n chen v&#224;o d&#242;ng ch&#7843;y &#273;&#243; &#7903; &#273;&#226;u. N&#7871;u b&#7841;n &#273;ang l&#224;m TESOL hay ng&#244;n ng&#7919; h&#7885;c &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng, h&#227;y t&#7921; h&#7887;i m&#7897;t l&#7847;n n&#7919;a xem li&#7879;u &#273;&#7873; t&#224;i c&#7911;a b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7921;c s&#7921; c&#7847;n m&#7897;t c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n l&#7883;ch s&#7917; nh&#432; v&#7853;y kh&#244;ng, hay b&#7841;n &#273;ang c&#7847;n m&#7897;t c&#225;ch ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n kh&#225;c?</p><p></p><p><strong>Major themes</strong></p><p>Hai l&#224;, n&#7871;u khi nh&#236;n v&#224;o t&#224;i li&#7879;u b&#7841;n th&#7845;y ch&#250;ng t&#7921; nhi&#234;n t&#7909; l&#7841;i th&#224;nh t&#7915;ng c&#7909;m, v&#237; d&#7909; nh&#432; motivation, feedback, identity, classroom interaction, assessment literacy, th&#236; r&#7845;t c&#243; th&#7875; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c theo ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; (major themes) s&#7869; ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i b&#7841;n. Nh&#432;ng l&#250;c n&#224;y, c&#226;u h&#7887;i quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n, l&#7841;i l&#224; b&#7841;n ch&#7881; &#273;ang gom nh&#243;m, hay b&#7841;n &#273;ang th&#7921;c s&#7921; &#273;&#7889;i tho&#7841;i gi&#7919;a c&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u? B&#7841;n c&#243; &#273;ang ch&#7881; ra ch&#250;ng gi&#7889;ng nhau &#7903; &#273;&#226;u, kh&#225;c nhau &#7903; &#273;&#226;u, v&#224; b&#7887; s&#243;t &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236; kh&#244;ng?</p><p><strong>The canon/classic studies</strong></p><p>Ba l&#224;, h&#227;y ngh&#297; s&#226;u h&#417;n, xem c&#243; nh&#7919;ng nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u n&#224;o m&#224; b&#7841;n kh&#244;ng th&#7875; b&#7887; qua? Nh&#7919;ng c&#225;i t&#234;n, m&#244; h&#236;nh hay l&#253; thuy&#7871;t n&#224;o m&#224; n&#7871;u kh&#244;ng nh&#7855;c t&#7899;i th&#236; b&#224;i c&#7911;a b&#7841;n s&#7869; thi&#7871;u n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng l&#253; thuy&#7871;t? N&#7871;u c&#243;, b&#7841;n &#273;ang ch&#7841;m t&#7899;i c&#225;ch vi&#7871;t theo c&#225;c c&#244;ng tr&#236;nh kinh &#273;i&#7875;n (the canon). Nh&#432;ng &#273;&#7915;ng ch&#7881; tr&#237;ch d&#7851;n cho c&#243;; b&#7841;n c&#7847;n d&#249;ng ch&#237;nh c&#226;u h&#7887;i nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u c&#7911;a m&#236;nh l&#224;m ti&#234;u ch&#237; &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7885;c l&#7841;i v&#224; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; ch&#250;ng.</p><p><strong>The wheel</strong></p><p>B&#7889;n l&#224;, n&#7871;u b&#7841;n nh&#7853;n ra nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u c&#7911;a m&#236;nh kh&#244;ng thu&#7897;c v&#7873; m&#7897;t d&#242;ng duy nh&#7845;t m&#224; n&#7857;m &#7903; giao &#273;i&#7875;m c&#7911;a nhi&#7873;u l&#297;nh v&#7921;c, v&#237; d&#7909; v&#7915;a TESOL v&#7915;a psychology, v&#7915;a pedagogy v&#7915;a technology, th&#236; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c b&#225;nh xe (the wheel) c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224; ch&#236;a kh&#243;a. Nh&#432;ng l&#250;c n&#224;y, c&#226;u h&#7887;i quan tr&#7885;ng l&#224; b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7921;c s&#7921; k&#7871;t n&#7889;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#225;c nan hoa &#273;&#243; l&#7841;i kh&#244;ng, hay ch&#250;ng v&#7851;n &#273;ang &#273;&#7913;ng ri&#234;ng l&#7867;?</p><p><strong>The pyramid</strong></p><p>N&#259;m l&#224;, n&#7871;u b&#7841;n mu&#7889;n d&#7851;n d&#7855;t ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7885;c t&#7915;ng b&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#7871;n nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u c&#7911;a m&#236;nh, b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#7885;n kim t&#7921; th&#225;p (the pyramid). H&#227;y t&#432;&#7903;ng t&#432;&#7907;ng b&#7841;n &#273;ang zoom t&#7915; xa l&#7841;i g&#7847;n: t&#7915; b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh r&#7897;ng, t&#7899;i v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; c&#7909; th&#7875;, r&#7891;i t&#7899;i kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng m&#224; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u c&#7911;a b&#7841;n gi&#7843;i quy&#7871;t. Nh&#432;ng h&#227;y t&#7921; h&#7887;i, b&#7841;n &#273;&#227; l&#224;m r&#245; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng &#273;&#243; ch&#432;a, hay b&#7841;n ch&#7881; &#273;ang thu h&#7865;p ph&#7841;m vi m&#7897;t c&#225;ch c&#417; h&#7885;c?</p><p>Cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng, ng&#432;&#7901;i vi&#7871;t lu&#244;n c&#7847;n t&#7921; h&#7887;i, li&#7879;u v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; c&#7911;a b&#7841;n c&#243; ph&#7843;i l&#224; b&#7841;n ch&#432;a &#273;&#7885;c &#273;&#7911; hay kh&#244;ng, hay l&#224; l&#224; b&#7841;n ch&#432;a quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#236;nh &#273;ang k&#7875; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n theo c&#225;ch n&#224;o. Literature review kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; n&#417;i b&#7841;n &#273;&#7893; t&#224;i li&#7879;u v&#224;o, m&#224; l&#224; n&#417;i b&#7841;n s&#7855;p x&#7871;p ch&#250;ng &#273;&#7875; t&#7841;o th&#224;nh m&#7897;t l&#7853;p lu&#7853;n. V&#224; &#273;&#244;i khi, ch&#7881; c&#7847;n &#273;&#7893;i c&#225;ch s&#7855;p x&#7871;p, to&#224;n b&#7897; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n c&#7911;a b&#7841;n s&#7869; tr&#7903; n&#234;n r&#245; r&#224;ng h&#417;n r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u.</p><p>B&#7841;n &#273;ang &#7903; &#273;&#226;u trong h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh vi&#7871;t Literature Review v&#7853;y? H&#227;y chia s&#7867; nh&#233;</p><p>Cheers</p><p></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading PhuongCao's Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Build the Life you Want ]]></title><description><![CDATA[Book review by Phuong Cao]]></description><link>https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/build-the-life-you-want</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/build-the-life-you-want</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Cao Thi Hong Phuong]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 30 Mar 2026 11:06:47 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nqX4!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F997abdb8-47eb-4ad0-a33b-f78f86fe784e_3024x4032.heic" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>X&#226;y d&#7921;ng cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng m&#224; b&#7841;n mong mu&#7889;n&#8221; l&#224; s&#7921; c&#7897;ng t&#225;c &#273;&#7847;y c&#7843;m h&#7913;ng gi&#7919;a hai t&#225;c gi&#7843; c&#243; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng l&#7899;n trong l&#297;nh v&#7921;c s&#225;ch ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n b&#7843;n th&#226;n:&#8220;self development&#8221;. S&#225;ch c&#7911;a h&#7885; li&#234;n t&#7909;c n&#7857;m trong danh s&#225;ch Best Sellers, &#273;&#243; l&#224; Arthur C. Brooks, nh&#224; kinh t&#7871; h&#7885;c v&#224; nh&#224; khoa h&#7885;c x&#227; h&#7897;i n&#7893;i ti&#7871;ng, gi&#225;o s&#432; t&#7841;i Havard v&#224; Oprah Winfrey, m&#7897;t &#244;ng tr&#249;m truy&#7873;n th&#244;ng. Brooks v&#224; Winfrey kh&#225;m ph&#225; nh&#7919;ng kh&#237;a c&#7841;nh kh&#225;c nhau c&#7911;a s&#7921; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n c&#225; nh&#226;n c&#7911;a m&#7895;i con ng&#432;&#7901;i &#7903; b&#7845;t k&#7923; giai &#273;o&#7841;n n&#224;o trong cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nqX4!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F997abdb8-47eb-4ad0-a33b-f78f86fe784e_3024x4032.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nqX4!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_424, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, 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/__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F997abdb8-47eb-4ad0-a33b-f78f86fe784e_3024x4032.heic 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nqX4!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F997abdb8-47eb-4ad0-a33b-f78f86fe784e_3024x4032.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" 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y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><br><br>Hai t&#225;c gi&#7843; &#273;i s&#226;u v&#224;o vi&#7879;c x&#225;c &#273;&#7883;nh th&#224;nh c&#244;ng theo c&#225;ch ri&#234;ng c&#7911;a b&#7841;n, cho d&#249; cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng c&#7911;a b&#7841;n c&#243; kh&#243; kh&#259;n tr&#7903; ng&#7841;i &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c n&#224;o &#273;i ch&#259;ng n&#7919;a, th&#236; b&#7841;n v&#7851;n c&#243; nh&#7919;ng th&#224;nh c&#244;ng nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7883;nh. &#272;&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224; b&#7841;n &#273;&#227; &#273;&#7841;t t&#7899;i &#273;&#7881;nh cao c&#7911;a s&#7921; tha th&#7913;, hay b&#7841;n &#273;&#227; thi&#7871;t l&#7853;p &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#7897;t th&#243;i quen t&#7889;t.<br><br>Hai t&#225;c gi&#7843; l&#7891;ng gh&#233;p 4 nguy&#234;n t&#7855;c b&#7843;n l&#7873; xuy&#234;n su&#7889;t cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch, gi&#250;p ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7885;c d&#7877; theo m&#7841;ch. &#272;&#243; l&#224;: (1)ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n t&#432; duy, (2) x&#226;y d&#7921;ng c&#225;c m&#7889;i quan h&#7879; c&#243; &#253; ngh&#297;a, (3) &#273;&#7863;t ra c&#225;c m&#7909;c ti&#234;u nh&#7887;, thi&#7871;t th&#7921;c, (4) &#225;p d&#7909;ng c&#225;c th&#243;i quen l&#224;nh m&#7841;nh v&#224; qu&#7843;n l&#253; stress hi&#7879;u qu&#7843;. Th&#244;ng qua hi&#7875;u bi&#7871;t s&#226;u s&#7855;c t&#7915; c&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#224; ph&#7887;ng v&#7845;n c&#225;c chuy&#234;n gia trong nhi&#7873;u l&#297;nh v&#7921;c, hai t&#225;c gi&#7843; gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch nh&#7919;ng thu&#7853;t ng&#7919; t&#432;&#7903;ng nh&#432; kh&#243;, tr&#7903; n&#234;n d&#7877; hi&#7875;u, gi&#250;p ng&#432;&#417;&#236; &#273;&#7885;c c&#243; th&#7875; &#225;p d&#7909;ng nh&#7919;ng nguy&#234;n t&#7855;c n&#224;y v&#224;o cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng c&#7911;a m&#236;nh.<br><br>Xuy&#234;n su&#7889;t c&#225;c ch&#432;&#417;ng c&#7911;a cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch d&#224;y 242 trang, hai t&#225;c gi&#7843; h&#432;&#7899;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7885;c t&#7921; suy ng&#7851;m, &#273;&#7875; hi&#7875;u r&#245; &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236; th&#7921;c s&#7921; quan tr&#7885;ng trong cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng c&#7911;a m&#236;nh. T&#7915; &#273;&#243;, ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7885;c c&#243; th&#7875; tho&#225;t kh&#7887;i b&#7851;y so s&#225;nh v&#224; theo &#273;u&#7893;i c&#225;c m&#7909;c ti&#234;u ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i con ng&#432;&#7901;i th&#7853;t c&#7911;a h&#7885;, &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7889;ng l&#224; ch&#237;nh h&#7885;.<br><br>Ch&#432;&#417;ng 5; Build your imperfect family, l&#224; ch&#432;&#417;ng m&#236;nh c&#7843;m th&#7845;y g&#7855;n k&#7871;t nh&#7845;t. Trong ch&#432;&#417;ng n&#224;y, t&#225;c gi&#7843; c&#243; n&#243;i &#8220;m&#7897;t gia &#273;&#236;nh h&#7841;nh ph&#250;c, ho&#224;n h&#7843;o ch&#7881; xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n trong c&#225;c ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh Tivi&#8221; (p. 102). M&#7895;i gia &#273;&#236;nh ngo&#224;i kia, &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; xung &#273;&#7897;t, &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; nh&#7919;ng n&#7895;i &#273;au c&#7911;a ri&#234;ng m&#236;nh. &#272;i&#7873;u quan tr&#7885;ng l&#224; h&#7885; kh&#244;ng n&#233; tr&#225;nh, h&#7885; nh&#236;n nh&#7853;n nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7873;u t&#237;ch c&#7921;c trong nh&#7919;ng n&#7895;i &#273;au &#226;&#253;, &#273;&#243;n nh&#7853;n kh&#243; kh&#259;n v&#7899;i v&#242;ng tay r&#7897;ng m&#7903; thay v&#236; s&#7907; h&#227;i. H&#7885; nu&#244;i d&#432;&#7905;ng c&#225;c k&#7871;t n&#7889;i c&#243; &#253; ngh&#297;a cho cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng c&#7911;a h&#7885;, gi&#250;p h&#7885; &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7921; tr&#7885;n v&#7865;n trong s&#7921; kh&#244;ng ho&#224;n h&#7843;o c&#7911;a m&#236;nh.<br><br>Cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch r&#7845;t &#273;&#225;ng &#273;&#7885;c, b&#7903;i n&#243; &#273;&#432;a ra khuy&#234;n thi&#7871;t th&#7921;c v&#7873; vi&#7879;c &#273;&#7863;t m&#7909;c ti&#234;u m&#7897;t c&#225;ch hi&#7879;u qu&#7843;, ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n th&#243;i quen l&#224;nh m&#7841;nh &#273;&#7875; c&#243; s&#7913;c kh&#7887;e th&#7875; ch&#7845;t, tinh th&#7847;n, v&#224; qu&#7843;n l&#253; c&#259;ng th&#7859;ng b&#7857;ng c&#225;ch trau d&#7891;i &#8220;inner resilience&#8221;. M&#224; theo trend hi&#7879;n th&#7901;i, c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224; &#8220;ch&#7919;a l&#224;nh&#8221; &#273;&#243; c&#225;c b&#7841;n.<br><br>B&#7843;n th&#226;n m&#236;nh &#273;&#7885;c cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch n&#224;y ng&#7855;t qu&#227;ng, khi th&#236; &#7903; h&#224;nh lang b&#7879;nh vi&#7879;n, khi th&#236; &#7903; s&#226;n bay, khi th&#236; bu&#7893;i t&#7889;i tr&#432;&#7899;c khi &#273;i ng&#7911;, &#273;&#7875; t&#7921; tr&#7845;n an m&#236;nh. Kh&#244;ng ngh&#297; l&#224; review cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch, nh&#432;ng tu&#7847;n r&#7891;i, c&#243; nhi&#7873;u ti&#7871;ng &#7903; 1 s&#226;n bay, n&#234;n review nh&#7843;m &#273;&#7875; gi&#7871;t th&#7901;i gian.<br><br>Reviewed by Phuong Cao, a mom of an imperfect family.</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Bước Chậm Cùng Con ]]></title><description><![CDATA[Ra &#273;&#7901;i sau 7 n&#259;m &#7845;p &#7911;]]></description><link>https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/buoc-cham-cung-con</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/buoc-cham-cung-con</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Cao Thi Hong Phuong]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 30 Mar 2026 10:54:38 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ecz_!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47fc79ec-8890-4f0a-b3bb-3d6c7e412a0b_699x972.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p></p><p>B&#432;&#7899;c Ch&#7853;m C&#249;ng Con</p><p>Xin chia s&#7867; v&#7899;i &#244;ng b&#224;, c&#244; ch&#250;, anh ch&#7883;, b&#7841;n &#273;&#7891;ng nghi&#7879;p, c&#225;c b&#7853;c ph&#7909; huynh v&#224; c&#225;c th&#7871; h&#7879; h&#7885;c tr&#242; cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch c&#7911;a Ph&#432;&#417;ng: &#8220;B&#432;&#7899;c Ch&#7853;m C&#249;ng Con, h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh c&#7911;a m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7865; &#273;&#7891;ng h&#224;nh c&#249;ng con kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t.&#8221;</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ecz_!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47fc79ec-8890-4f0a-b3bb-3d6c7e412a0b_699x972.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch Ph&#432;&#417;ng k&#7875; v&#7873; h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh l&#224;m m&#7865;, v&#7915;a mong manh v&#7915;a b&#7873;n b&#7881;, c&#7911;a m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7865; v&#7899;i hai s&#7889; ph&#7853;n kh&#225;c nhau. Ph&#432;&#417;ng l&#224; m&#7865; c&#7911;a em Linh (23 tu&#7893;i), m&#7897;t em b&#233; mang &#273;&#7871;n bao ni&#7873;m hy v&#7885;ng, m&#7863;c d&#249; em kh&#244;ng bi&#7871;t &#273;&#7885;c bi&#7871;t vi&#7871;t, kh&#244;ng th&#7875; t&#7921; ph&#7909;c v&#7909;. V&#224; &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i m&#7865; c&#7911;a Long (26 tu&#7893;i),  c&#7853;u con trai &#7845;m &#225;p nh&#432; &#225;nh s&#225;ng m&#7863;t tr&#7901;i. </p><p>Cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch n&#224;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ho&#224;n th&#224;nh v&#7899;i s&#7921; ho&#224; quy&#7879;n c&#7911;a l&#242;ng can &#273;&#7843;m, c&#7843;m x&#250;c, hy v&#7885;ng, v&#224; y&#234;u th&#432;&#417;ng. Cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c vi&#7871;t t&#7915; v&#7883; tr&#237; c&#7911;a m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#227; v&#432;&#7907;t qua t&#7845;t c&#7843;, m&#224; c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i trong cu&#7897;c. M&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7865;, m&#7897;t gia &#273;&#236;nh, &#273;&#227; &#273;i qua b&#224;ng ho&#224;ng, ki&#7879;t qu&#7879;, gi&#7853;n d&#7919;, tr&#7889;ng r&#7895;ng&#8230; v&#224; r&#7845;t ch&#7853;m, r&#7845;t &#273;au, h&#7885;c c&#225;ch b&#432;&#7899;c sang m&#7897;t tr&#7841;ng th&#225;i kh&#225;c c&#7911;a t&#236;nh y&#234;u, ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n m&#224; kh&#244;ng bu&#244;ng xu&#244;i, hy v&#7885;ng m&#224; kh&#244;ng &#7843;o t&#432;&#7903;ng.</p><p>H&#224;nh tr&#236;nh &#273;&#243; khi&#7871;n Ph&#432;&#417;ng nh&#7853;n ra r&#7857;ng nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#7913;a tr&#7867; kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; thay &#273;&#7893;i cu&#7897;c &#273;&#7901;i c&#7911;a cha m&#7865;, nh&#7919;ng em b&#233; &#7845;y bu&#7897;c ta ph&#7843;i nh&#236;n l&#7841;i r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u &#273;i&#7873;u v&#7873; th&#224;nh c&#244;ng, k&#7923; v&#7885;ng, v&#224; &#253; ngh&#297;a c&#7911;a vi&#7879;c tr&#432;&#7903;ng th&#224;nh. </p><p>Ph&#432;&#417;ng vi&#7871;t cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch n&#224;y v&#7899;i m&#7897;t hy v&#7885;ng gi&#7843;n d&#7883;, n&#7871;u c&#243; m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7865;, m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i cha n&#224;o &#273;&#243; &#273;ang &#226;m th&#7847;m &#273;i tr&#234;n con &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#243; kh&#259;n &#7845;y, th&#236; h&#7885; s&#7869; bi&#7871;t r&#7857;ng h&#7885; kh&#244;ng h&#7873; &#273;&#417;n &#273;&#7897;c. </p><p>Nh&#432; l&#7901;i t&#7921;a nh&#224; gi&#225;o Ho&#224;ng Th&#7883; &#272;oan H&#7841; nh&#7855;n nh&#7911;: &#8220;N&#7871;u b&#7841;n &#273;ang &#7903; trong m&#7897;t h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh t&#432;&#417;ng t&#7921;, mong b&#7841;n t&#236;m th&#7845;y &#7903; &#273;&#226;y m&#7897;t ngu&#7891;n &#273;&#7897;ng vi&#234;n, m&#7897;t ch&#250;t &#225;nh s&#225;ng. N&#7871;u b&#7841;n &#273;ang tr&#234;n m&#7897;t h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh kh&#225;c, t&#244;i v&#7851;n mong b&#7841;n &#273;&#7885;c h&#7871;t B&#432;&#7899;c ch&#7853;m c&#249;ng con, &#273;&#7875; ghi nh&#7853;n r&#7857;ng, gi&#7919;a m&#7897;t th&#7871; gi&#7899;i nhi&#7873;u bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng v&#224; m&#417; h&#7891;, c&#243; r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u t&#226;m h&#7891;n can &#273;&#7843;m v&#224; bi&#7871;t y&#234;u th&#432;&#417;ng.  Mong r&#7857;ng b&#7841;n &#273;&#7885;c b&#432;&#7899;c ch&#7853;m b&#234;n ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#236;nh th&#432;&#417;ng, c&#243; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i th&#432;&#417;ng b&#432;&#7899;c ch&#7853;m b&#234;n m&#236;nh&#8221;.</p><p>Ph&#432;&#417;ng mu&#7889;n g&#7917;i g&#7855;m r&#7857;ng c&#243; nh&#7919;ng h&#7841;t m&#7847;m &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t &#273;&#244;i khi n&#7843;y m&#7847;m r&#7845;t ch&#7853;m, nh&#432;ng v&#7899;i &#273;&#7911; ki&#234;n nh&#7851;n, &#273;&#7911; t&#236;nh y&#234;u v&#224; &#273;&#7911; &#225;nh s&#225;ng, ch&#250;ng v&#7851;n c&#243; th&#7875; l&#7899;n l&#234;n theo c&#225;ch ri&#234;ng c&#7911;a m&#236;nh. </p><p>Ph&#432;&#417;ng c&#361;ng xin ch&#226;n th&#224;nh c&#7843;m &#417;n &#273;&#7897;i ng&#361; bi&#234;n t&#7853;p c&#7911;a NXB Ph&#7909; N&#7919;, h&#7885;a s&#297; Kim Du&#7849;n, bi&#234;n t&#7853;p Nguy&#7877;n Ph&#432;&#417;ng Qu&#7923;nh, d&#7883;ch gi&#7843; Nguy&#7877;n Thanh Nh&#224;n, c&#249;ng gia &#273;&#236;nh, b&#7841;n b&#232; v&#224; c&#225;c h&#7885;c vi&#234;n &#273;&#227; kh&#237;ch l&#7879;, &#273;&#7897;ng vi&#234;n &#273;&#7875; cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#7871;n tay &#273;&#7897;c gi&#7843; sau g&#7847;n 7 n&#259;m.</p><p>Tr&#226;n tr&#7885;ng v&#224; bi&#7871;t &#417;n. </p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[90% hồ sơ học bổng thất bại… không phải vì điểm số. Mà có thể vì bài luận.]]></title><description><![CDATA[B&#7841;n &#273;ang chu&#7849;n b&#7883; h&#7891; s&#417; xin h&#7885;c b&#7893;ng? B&#7841;n &#273;ang loay hoay vi&#7871;t Research Intent?]]></description><link>https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/90-ho-so-hoc-bong-that-bai-khong</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/90-ho-so-hoc-bong-that-bai-khong</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Cao Thi Hong Phuong]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 12 Mar 2026 14:13:08 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-EsR!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4a9f4b7c-37f7-4d56-933b-47a36dce0c8c_4000x6000.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p></p><p>Khi chu&#7849;n b&#7883; h&#7891; s&#417; xin h&#7885;c b&#7893;ng PhD, m&#236;nh t&#7915;ng ngh&#297; GPA, CV hay kinh nghi&#7879;m l&#224; quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t. Nh&#432;ng sau n&#224;y m&#236;nh m&#7899;i hi&#7875;u: <strong>Statement of Purpose v&#224; Research Intent m&#7899;i l&#224; th&#7913; quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh h&#7897;i &#273;&#7891;ng c&#243; tin v&#224;o b&#7841;n hay kh&#244;ng.</strong></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading PhuongCao's Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p>Research Intent c&#7911;a m&#236;nh b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#7915; m&#7897;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i r&#7845;t &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n:<br><em>T&#7841;i sao r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c ti&#7871;ng Anh bi&#7871;t nhi&#7873;u t&#7915; nh&#432;ng v&#7851;n kh&#243; vi&#7871;t h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t t&#7889;t?</em></p><p>T&#7915; &#273;&#243; m&#236;nh &#273;i s&#226;u v&#224;o <strong>academic collocations</strong> v&#224; c&#225;ch <strong>c&#225;c chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c h&#7885;c t&#7915; v&#7921;ng</strong> c&#243; th&#7875; gi&#250;p ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng nh&#7919;ng c&#7909;m t&#7915; n&#224;y t&#7921; nhi&#234;n h&#417;n trong ti&#7871;ng Anh h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t. B&#224;i lu&#7853;n &#273;&#243; m&#236;nh &#273;&#227; <strong>vi&#7871;t &#273;i vi&#7871;t l&#7841;i r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u l&#7847;n</strong>. Nh&#432;ng cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng, ch&#237;nh n&#243; &#273;&#227; gi&#250;p m&#236;nh <strong>chinh ph&#7909;c h&#7885;c b&#7893;ng PhD</strong>. &#7842;nh l&#224; m&#236;nh ch&#7909;p &#7903; khoa sau &#273;&#7841;i h&#7885;c v&#224; v&#259;n ph&#242;ng c&#7845;p h&#7885;c b&#7893;ng t&#7841;i &#272;H Victoria, n&#417;i trao cho m&#236;nh h&#7885;c b&#7893;ng to&#224;n ph&#7847;n Victoria Doctoral Scholarhip. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-EsR!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4a9f4b7c-37f7-4d56-933b-47a36dce0c8c_4000x6000.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-EsR!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_424, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, 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y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u th&#250; v&#7883; l&#224; sau nhi&#7873;u n&#259;m, m&#236;nh v&#7851;n th&#7845;y h&#432;&#7899;ng nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u n&#224;y <strong>c&#242;n nguy&#234;n gi&#225; tr&#7883;</strong>.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n quan t&#226;m v&#224; &#273;ang chu&#7849;n b&#7883; h&#7891; s&#417; h&#7885;c b&#7893;ng MA ho&#7863;c PhD, m&#236;nh s&#7869; <strong>chia s&#7867; b&#7843;n m&#236;nh &#273;&#227; d&#249;ng &#273;&#7875; apply h&#7885;c b&#7893;ng</strong> nh&#233;. N&#7871;u b&#7841;n c&#7847;n, th&#236; h&#227;y comment cho m&#236;nh bi&#7871;t &#273;&#7875; m&#236;nh share v&#7899;i c&#225;c b&#7841;n. Bi&#7871;t &#273;&#226;u n&#243; s&#7869; gi&#250;p b&#7841;n <strong>vi&#7871;t n&#234;n c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t c&#7911;a ch&#237;nh m&#236;nh. Cheers. Dr Phuong Cao</strong></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading PhuongCao's Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Nếu học sinh học khoa học bằng tiếng Anh, giáo viên tiếng Anh còn dạy gì?]]></title><description><![CDATA[B&#7841;n s&#7869; &#273;&#7883;nh v&#7883; m&#236;nh l&#224; ai trong l&#7899;p h&#7885;c &#273;&#243;, trong d&#242;ng ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n &#273;&#243;?]]></description><link>https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/neu-hoc-sinh-hoc-khoa-hoc-bang-tieng</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/neu-hoc-sinh-hoc-khoa-hoc-bang-tieng</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Cao Thi Hong Phuong]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 06 Mar 2026 03:23:13 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1619255140471-9ecfa6f9c052?crop=entropy&amp;cs=tinysrgb&amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;ixid=M3wzMDAzMzh8MHwxfHNlYXJjaHw4Mnx8ZXNsJTIwc2Nob29sfGVufDB8fHx8MTc3Mjc2Njk5MXww&amp;ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=80&amp;w=1080" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p></p><p style="text-align: justify;">H&#227;y th&#7917; t&#432;&#7903;ng t&#432;&#7907;ng m&#7897;t l&#7899;p h&#7885;c trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai g&#7847;n. H&#7885;c sinh &#273;ang h&#7885;c v&#7873; h&#7879; sinh th&#225;i. C&#225;c em &#273;&#7885;c m&#7897;t &#273;o&#7841;n v&#259;n v&#7873; <em>food chains (chu&#7895;i th&#7913;c &#259;n)</em>, th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n v&#236; sao n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng gi&#7843;m qua m&#7895;i b&#7853;c dinh d&#432;&#7905;ng, r&#7891;i <em><strong>v&#7869; s&#417; &#273;&#7891; minh h&#7885;a m&#7889;i quan h&#7879; </strong></em>gi&#7919;a c&#225;c sinh v&#7853;t. Nh&#7919;ng kh&#225;i ni&#7879;m nh&#432; <em>producer</em>, <em>consumer</em>, hay l&#224; <em>energy transfer</em> xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n trong b&#224;i h&#7885;c. </p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading PhuongCao's Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Trong l&#7899;p h&#7885;c &#273;&#243;, c&#243; m&#7897;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i th&#250; v&#7883; xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n. Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; h&#7885;c sinh c&#243; hi&#7875;u b&#224;i hay kh&#244;ng, m&#224; l&#224;: <strong>gi&#225;o vi&#234;n ti&#7871;ng Anh &#273;ang l&#224;m g&#236;?</strong> H&#7885; c&#243; c&#242;n d&#7841;y ti&#7871;ng Anh theo ngh&#297;a quen thu&#7897;c, d&#7841;y t&#7915; v&#7921;ng, ng&#7919; ph&#225;p, v&#224; luy&#7879;n k&#7929; n&#259;ng giao ti&#7871;p, hay vai tr&#242; c&#7911;a h&#7885; &#273;ang thay &#273;&#7893;i?</p><blockquote><p>C&#226;u h&#7887;i n&#224;y ng&#224;y c&#224;ng tr&#7903; n&#234;n quan tr&#7885;ng khi Vi&#7879;t Nam &#273;ang th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n v&#7873; vi&#7879;c &#273;&#432;a ti&#7871;ng Anh tr&#7903; th&#224;nh ng&#244;n ng&#7919; th&#7913; hai trong tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7885;c. Trong b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh &#273;&#243;, m&#7897;t c&#225;ch ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nh&#7855;c &#273;&#7871;n l&#224; CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning). T&#244;i c&#361;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&#234;n &#273;&#7863;t c&#225;c c&#226;u h&#7887;i t&#432;&#417;ng t&#7921; cho c&#225;c b&#7841;n sinh vi&#234;n, h&#7879; BA hay MA t&#244;i &#273;ang c&#243; c&#417; h&#7897;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y.</p></blockquote><p style="text-align: justify;">Theo Yolanda Ruiz de Zarobe trong cu&#7889;n <em>Content and Language Integrated Learning</em>, CLIL kh&#244;ng &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n l&#224; d&#7841;y m&#244;n h&#7885;c b&#7857;ng ti&#7871;ng Anh. Thay v&#224;o &#273;&#243;, n&#243; l&#224; m&#7897;t thi&#7871;t k&#7871; s&#432; ph&#7841;m trong &#273;&#243; <em><strong>tri th&#7913;c m&#244;n h&#7885;c, ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n ng&#244;n ng&#7919; v&#224; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#237;ch h&#7907;p v&#7899;i nha</strong></em><strong>u</strong>. N&#7897;i dung h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; c&#225;c ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; r&#7901;i r&#7841;c &#273;&#7875; luy&#7879;n ti&#7871;ng Anh, m&#224; l&#224; <strong>h&#7879; th&#7889;ng kh&#225;i ni&#7879;m v&#224; c&#225;ch l&#7853;p lu&#7853;n &#273;&#7863;c th&#249; c&#7911;a t&#7915;ng m&#244;n h&#7885;c</strong>.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#7902; &#273;i&#7875;m n&#224;y, CLIL gi&#250;p ch&#250;ng ta ph&#226;n bi&#7879;t ba c&#225;ch ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n th&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7883; nh&#7847;m l&#7851;n, &#273;&#243; l&#224; <em>teaching English</em>, <em>teaching in English</em>, v&#224; CLIL. <em>Teaching English</em> xem ti&#7871;ng Anh l&#224; m&#7909;c ti&#234;u ch&#237;nh c&#7911;a b&#224;i h&#7885;c, trong khi n&#7897;i dung ch&#7911; y&#7871;u &#273;&#243;ng vai tr&#242; ph&#432;&#417;ng ti&#7879;n luy&#7879;n t&#7853;p. <em>Teaching in English</em> t&#7853;p trung v&#224;o vi&#7879;c gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y m&#244;n h&#7885;c b&#7857;ng ti&#7871;ng Anh nh&#432;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng thi&#7871;u thi&#7871;t k&#7871; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n ng&#244;n ng&#7919; c&#243; ch&#7911; &#273;&#237;ch. CLIL c&#7889; g&#7855;ng v&#432;&#7907;t l&#234;n tr&#234;n c&#7843; hai c&#225;ch ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n n&#224;y b&#7857;ng c&#225;ch t&#237;ch h&#7907;p n&#7897;i dung v&#224; ng&#244;n ng&#7919; trong c&#249;ng m&#7897;t ti&#7871;n tr&#236;nh h&#7885;c t&#7853;p.</p><blockquote><p>N&#7871;u n&#7897;i dung v&#224; ng&#244;n ng&#7919; th&#7921;c s&#7921; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#237;ch h&#7907;p nh&#432; v&#7853;y, vai tr&#242; c&#7911;a gi&#225;o vi&#234;n ti&#7871;ng Anh c&#361;ng c&#7847;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nh&#236;n l&#7841;i. Thay v&#236; ch&#7881; l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i d&#7841;y ng&#244;n ng&#7919;, gi&#225;o vi&#234;n c&#243; th&#7875; c&#7847;n &#273;&#7843;m nhi&#7879;m nh&#7919;ng vai tr&#242; m&#7899;i trong l&#7899;p h&#7885;c.</p></blockquote><p style="text-align: justify;">M&#7897;t c&#225;ch &#273;&#7883;nh v&#7883; l&#224; xem gi&#225;o vi&#234;n ti&#7871;ng Anh nh&#432; <strong>curriculum designer (nh&#224; thi&#7871;t k&#7871; ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh) &#7903; c&#7845;p &#273;&#7897; l&#7899;p h&#7885;c</strong>. Trong l&#7899;p h&#7885;c CLIL, gi&#225;o vi&#234;n kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; ngh&#297; v&#7873; t&#7915; v&#7921;ng hay c&#7845;u tr&#250;c c&#226;u, m&#224; c&#242;n ph&#7843;i suy ngh&#297; v&#7873; c&#225;ch tri th&#7913;c c&#7911;a m&#244;n h&#7885;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#7893; ch&#7913;c. V&#237; d&#7909;, trong m&#7897;t b&#224;i h&#7885;c v&#7873; h&#7879; sinh th&#225;i, gi&#225;o vi&#234;n c&#7847;n x&#225;c &#273;&#7883;nh nh&#7919;ng kh&#225;i ni&#7879;m khoa h&#7885;c tr&#7885;ng t&#226;m, l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n ngu&#7891;n ng&#244;n ng&#7919; gi&#250;p h&#7885;c sinh di&#7877;n &#273;&#7841;t nh&#7919;ng kh&#225;i ni&#7879;m &#273;&#243;, v&#224; thi&#7871;t k&#7871; c&#225;c chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c h&#7895; tr&#7907; &#273;&#7875; h&#7885;c sinh ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n n&#7897;i dung khi tr&#236;nh &#273;&#7897; ti&#7871;ng Anh c&#242;n h&#7841;n ch&#7871;, ph&#432;&#417;ng th&#7913;c &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; n&#224;o cho ph&#249; h&#7907;p. Nh&#7919;ng quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh n&#224;y th&#7921;c ch&#7845;t l&#224; <em><strong>nh&#7919;ng quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh thi&#7871;t k&#7871; ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh &#7903; c&#7845;p &#273;&#7897; vi m&#244;</strong>,</em> n&#417;i gi&#225;o vi&#234;n ch&#7911; &#273;&#7897;ng x&#226;y d&#7921;ng tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m h&#7885;c t&#7853;p t&#237;ch h&#7907;p gi&#7919;a n&#7897;i dung v&#224; ng&#244;n ng&#7919;.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1619255140471-9ecfa6f9c052?crop=entropy&amp;cs=tinysrgb&amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;ixid=M3wzMDAzMzh8MHwxfHNlYXJjaHw4Mnx8ZXNsJTIwc2Nob29sfGVufDB8fHx8MTc3Mjc2Njk5MXww&amp;ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=80&amp;w=1080" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1619255140471-9ecfa6f9c052?crop=entropy&amp;cs=tinysrgb&amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;ixid=M3wzMDAzMzh8MHwxfHNlYXJjaHw4Mnx8ZXNsJTIwc2Nob29sfGVufDB8fHx8MTc3Mjc2Njk5MXww&amp;ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=80&amp;w=1080 424w, https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1619255140471-9ecfa6f9c052?crop=entropy&amp;cs=tinysrgb&amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;ixid=M3wzMDAzMzh8MHwxfHNlYXJjaHw4Mnx8ZXNsJTIwc2Nob29sfGVufDB8fHx8MTc3Mjc2Njk5MXww&amp;ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=80&amp;w=1080 848w, https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1619255140471-9ecfa6f9c052?crop=entropy&amp;cs=tinysrgb&amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;ixid=M3wzMDAzMzh8MHwxfHNlYXJjaHw4Mnx8ZXNsJTIwc2Nob29sfGVufDB8fHx8MTc3Mjc2Njk5MXww&amp;ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=80&amp;w=1080 1272w, https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1619255140471-9ecfa6f9c052?crop=entropy&amp;cs=tinysrgb&amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;ixid=M3wzMDAzMzh8MHwxfHNlYXJjaHw4Mnx8ZXNsJTIwc2Nob29sfGVufDB8fHx8MTc3Mjc2Njk5MXww&amp;ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=80&amp;w=1080 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1619255140471-9ecfa6f9c052?crop=entropy&amp;cs=tinysrgb&amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;ixid=M3wzMDAzMzh8MHwxfHNlYXJjaHw4Mnx8ZXNsJTIwc2Nob29sfGVufDB8fHx8MTc3Mjc2Njk5MXww&amp;ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=80&amp;w=1080" width="3376" height="5640" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1619255140471-9ecfa6f9c052?crop=entropy&amp;cs=tinysrgb&amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;ixid=M3wzMDAzMzh8MHwxfHNlYXJjaHw4Mnx8ZXNsJTIwc2Nob29sfGVufDB8fHx8MTc3Mjc2Njk5MXww&amp;ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=80&amp;w=1080&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:5640,&quot;width&quot;:3376,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;brown concrete building near bare trees during daytime&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="brown concrete building near bare trees during daytime" title="brown concrete building near bare trees during daytime" srcset="https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1619255140471-9ecfa6f9c052?crop=entropy&amp;cs=tinysrgb&amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;ixid=M3wzMDAzMzh8MHwxfHNlYXJjaHw4Mnx8ZXNsJTIwc2Nob29sfGVufDB8fHx8MTc3Mjc2Njk5MXww&amp;ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=80&amp;w=1080 424w, https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1619255140471-9ecfa6f9c052?crop=entropy&amp;cs=tinysrgb&amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;ixid=M3wzMDAzMzh8MHwxfHNlYXJjaHw4Mnx8ZXNsJTIwc2Nob29sfGVufDB8fHx8MTc3Mjc2Njk5MXww&amp;ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=80&amp;w=1080 848w, https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1619255140471-9ecfa6f9c052?crop=entropy&amp;cs=tinysrgb&amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;ixid=M3wzMDAzMzh8MHwxfHNlYXJjaHw4Mnx8ZXNsJTIwc2Nob29sfGVufDB8fHx8MTc3Mjc2Njk5MXww&amp;ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=80&amp;w=1080 1272w, https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1619255140471-9ecfa6f9c052?crop=entropy&amp;cs=tinysrgb&amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;ixid=M3wzMDAzMzh8MHwxfHNlYXJjaHw4Mnx8ZXNsJTIwc2Nob29sfGVufDB8fHx8MTc3Mjc2Njk5MXww&amp;ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=80&amp;w=1080 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Photo by <a href="https://unsplash.com/@ichbinjem">Rojem Cajan</a> on <a href="https://unsplash.com">Unsplash</a></figcaption></figure></div><p></p><p>Tuy nhi&#234;n, vai tr&#242; c&#7911;a gi&#225;o vi&#234;n c&#243; th&#7875; kh&#244;ng d&#7915;ng l&#7841;i &#7903; &#273;&#243;. Khi c&#225;c m&#244; h&#236;nh nh&#432; CLIL &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#432;a v&#224;o nh&#7919;ng b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh m&#7899;i nh&#432; Vi&#7879;t Nam, nhi&#7873;u c&#226;u h&#7887;i v&#7851;n ch&#432;a c&#243; c&#226;u tr&#7843; l&#7901;i r&#245; r&#224;ng. V&#237; d&#7909;, h&#7885;c sinh s&#7917; d&#7909;ng ti&#7871;ng Vi&#7879;t v&#224; ti&#7871;ng Anh nh&#432; th&#7871; n&#224;o khi h&#7885;c n&#7897;i dung m&#7899;i? Nh&#7919;ng chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c scaffolding n&#224;o th&#7921;c s&#7921; hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; trong l&#7899;p h&#7885;c? V&#224; di&#7877;n ng&#244;n h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c h&#236;nh th&#224;nh nh&#432; th&#7871; n&#224;o trong t&#432;&#417;ng t&#225;c gi&#7919;a gi&#225;o vi&#234;n v&#224; h&#7885;c sinh?</p><p>Nh&#7919;ng c&#226;u h&#7887;i n&#224;y k&#7871;t n&#7889;i v&#7899;i c&#225;c khung l&#253; thuy&#7871;t quan tr&#7885;ng trong ng&#244;n ng&#7919; h&#7885;c &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng, ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; s&#7921; ph&#226;n bi&#7879;t gi&#7919;a n&#259;ng l&#7921;c giao ti&#7871;p c&#417; b&#7843;n v&#224; n&#259;ng l&#7921;c ng&#244;n ng&#7919; h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t c&#7911;a Cummins, hay thang ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c c&#7911;a Bloom. Nh&#432;ng ch&#250;ng c&#361;ng l&#224; nh&#7919;ng c&#226;u h&#7887;i ch&#7881; c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c tr&#7843; l&#7901;i th&#244;ng qua quan s&#225;t v&#224; ph&#226;n t&#237;ch l&#7899;p h&#7885;c th&#7921;c t&#7871;.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">V&#236; v&#7853;y, m&#7897;t c&#225;ch &#273;&#7883;nh v&#7883; kh&#225;c l&#224; xem gi&#225;o vi&#234;n ti&#7871;ng Anh nh&#432; <strong>researcher&#8211;practitioner (gi&#225;o vi&#234;n v&#224; nh&#224; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u)</strong>. Trong vai tr&#242; n&#224;y, gi&#225;o vi&#234;n kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh m&#224; c&#242;n ph&#7843;n t&#432; v&#7873; th&#7921;c h&#224;nh gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y c&#7911;a m&#236;nh, quan s&#225;t c&#225;ch h&#7885;c sinh h&#7885;c n&#7897;i dung qua ti&#7871;ng Anh, v&#224; t&#7915;ng b&#432;&#7899;c &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh c&#225;ch t&#7893; ch&#7913;c l&#7899;p h&#7885;c. Nh&#7919;ng nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u quy m&#244; nh&#7887; trong l&#7899;p h&#7885;c, ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; ph&#226;n t&#237;ch t&#432;&#417;ng t&#225;c l&#7899;p h&#7885;c ho&#7863;c c&#225;ch h&#7885;c sinh s&#7917; d&#7909;ng hai ng&#244;n ng&#7919; trong qu&#225; tr&#236;nh h&#7885;c t&#7853;p. &#272;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; g&#243;p ph&#7847;n x&#226;y d&#7921;ng hi&#7875;u bi&#7871;t s&#226;u h&#417;n v&#7873; c&#225;ch CLIL ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng trong b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh Vi&#7879;t Nam.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Nh&#236;n theo c&#225;ch n&#224;y, gi&#225;o vi&#234;n ti&#7871;ng Anh trong ESL School Project kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i d&#7841;y ng&#244;n ng&#7919;. H&#7885; c&#243; th&#7875; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh <strong>ng&#432;&#7901;i thi&#7871;t k&#7871; vi&#7879;c h&#7885;c &#7903; c&#7845;p &#273;&#7897; l&#7899;p h&#7885;c v&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7841;o ra tri th&#7913;c s&#432; ph&#7841;m t&#7915; ch&#237;nh th&#7921;c h&#224;nh c&#7911;a m&#236;nh</strong>. V&#224; c&#243; l&#7869; &#273;&#226;y l&#224; c&#226;u h&#7887;i th&#250; v&#7883; d&#224;nh cho nh&#7919;ng gi&#225;o vi&#234;n v&#224; sinh vi&#234;n &#273;ang quan t&#226;m &#273;&#7871;n CLIL v&#224; TESOL t&#7841;i Vi&#7879;t Nam:</p><div class="pullquote"><p><strong>V&#224; t&#244;i xin nh&#7855;c l&#7841;i c&#226;u h&#7887;i. N&#7871;u h&#7885;c sinh h&#7885;c khoa h&#7885;c b&#7857;ng ti&#7871;ng Anh, gi&#225;o vi&#234;n ti&#7871;ng Anh c&#242;n d&#7841;y g&#236;?</strong> B&#7841;n s&#7869; &#273;&#7883;nh v&#7883; m&#236;nh l&#224; ai trong l&#7899;p h&#7885;c &#273;&#243;, trong d&#242;ng ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n &#273;&#243;? </p></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading PhuongCao's Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Đề Tiếng Anh thi tốt nghiệp THPT 2025 đo năng lực hay tạo áp lực?]]></title><description><![CDATA[B&#224;i vi&#7871;t ph&#226;n t&#237;ch d&#432;&#7899;i g&#243;c nh&#236;n chuy&#234;n m&#244;n v&#7873; &#273;&#7873; thi Ti&#7871;ng Anh t&#7889;t nghi&#7879;p THPT 2025 c&#7911;a TS Cao Th&#7883; H&#7891;ng Ph&#432;&#417;ng, gi&#7843;ng vi&#234;n, nh&#224; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#224; &#273;&#224;o t&#7841;o gi&#225;o vi&#234;n, tr&#234;n b&#225;o Vietnamnet]]></description><link>https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/e-tieng-anh-thi-tot-nghiep-thpt-2025</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/e-tieng-anh-thi-tot-nghiep-thpt-2025</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Cao Thi Hong Phuong]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 04 Mar 2026 14:18:44 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6RJG!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab83f025-552e-4f72-beb1-f817c20bd2b3_905x905.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>Sau bu&#7893;i thi m&#244;n Ti&#7871;ng Anh t&#7889;t nghi&#7879;p THPT, t&#244;i &#273;&#259;ng m&#7897;t d&#242;ng chia s&#7867;, khen &#273;&#7883;nh d&#7841;ng &#273;&#7873; thi c&#243; c&#7843;i ti&#7871;n v&#224; nh&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i. C&#243; h&#7885;c sinh than: &#8220;&#272;&#7873; kh&#243; kh&#244;ng t&#432;&#7903;ng t&#432;&#7907;ng n&#7893;i!&#8221;. M&#7897;t gi&#225;o vi&#234;n n&#243;i: &#8220;Kh&#243; m&#7899;i ph&#226;n lo&#7841;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c!&#8221;...</strong></p><p>&#272;&#7873; thi c&#225;c m&#244;n To&#225;n, Ti&#7871;ng Anh t&#7889;t nghi&#7879;p THPT 2025 &#273;ang g&#226;y ch&#250; &#253; v&#224; tranh lu&#7853;n trong gi&#7899;i chuy&#234;n m&#244;n, gi&#225;o vi&#234;n, h&#7885;c sinh v&#224; ph&#7909; huynh. C&#243; &#253; ki&#7871;n cho r&#7857;ng &#273;&#7873; qu&#225; kh&#243;, mang t&#237;nh &#273;&#225;nh &#273;&#7889;; ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#225;c l&#7841;i &#7911;ng h&#7897; c&#225;ch ra &#273;&#7873; m&#7899;i. VietNamNet m&#7903; di&#7877;n &#273;&#224;n &#273;&#7875; ghi nh&#7853;n c&#225;c &#253; ki&#7871;n &#273;a chi&#7873;u, g&#243;p ph&#7847;n c&#7843;i ti&#7871;n k&#7923; thi v&#224; n&#226;ng cao ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng d&#7841;y - h&#7885;c.</p><p>B&#224;i vi&#7871;t d&#432;&#7899;i &#273;&#226;y l&#224; ph&#226;n t&#237;ch d&#432;&#7899;i g&#243;c nh&#236;n chuy&#234;n m&#244;n v&#7873; &#273;&#7873; thi Ti&#7871;ng Anh t&#7889;t nghi&#7879;p THPT 2025 c&#7911;a TS Cao Th&#7883; H&#7891;ng Ph&#432;&#417;ng, gi&#7843;ng vi&#234;n, nh&#224; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#224; &#273;&#224;o t&#7841;o gi&#225;o vi&#234;n.</p><p>L&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y, nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#224; &#273;&#224;o t&#7841;o gi&#225;o vi&#234;n ti&#7871;ng Anh, t&#244;i t&#7921; h&#7887;i: &#272;&#7873; thi Ti&#7871;ng Anh hi&#7879;n nay c&#243; ph&#7843;n &#225;nh &#273;&#250;ng tri&#7871;t l&#253; gi&#225;o d&#7909;c ch&#250;ng ta h&#432;&#7899;ng t&#7899;i, hay &#273;ang khi&#7871;n h&#7885;c sinh, gi&#225;o vi&#234;n v&#224; ph&#7909; huynh th&#234;m m&#7879;t m&#7887;i?</p><p><strong>Khi tri&#7871;t l&#253; gi&#225;o d&#7909;c kh&#244;ng g&#7863;p th&#7921;c ti&#7877;n &#273;&#7873; thi</strong></p><p>Ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh Gi&#225;o d&#7909;c Ph&#7893; th&#244;ng n&#259;m 2018 &#273;&#7863;t tr&#7885;ng t&#226;m v&#224;o ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n n&#259;ng l&#7921;c to&#224;n di&#7879;n, trong &#273;&#243; coi ti&#7871;ng Anh l&#224; c&#244;ng c&#7909; quan tr&#7885;ng &#273;&#7875; h&#7885;c t&#7853;p, giao ti&#7871;p v&#224; h&#7897;i nh&#7853;p v&#7899;i th&#7871; gi&#7899;i. D&#249; n&#259;m nay <a href="https://vietnamnet.vn/de-thi-mon-tieng-anh-thi-tot-nghiep-thpt-nam-2025-2414634.html">&#273;&#7873; thi m&#244;n Ti&#7871;ng Anh t&#7889;t nghi&#7879;p THPT</a> &#273;&#227; c&#243; nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#7893;i m&#7899;i v&#7873; ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873;, ng&#7919; c&#7843;nh giao ti&#7871;p g&#7847;n g&#361;i h&#417;n, nh&#432;ng c&#7845;u tr&#250;c v&#7851;n thi&#234;n v&#7873; nh&#7853;n di&#7879;n ng&#244;n ng&#7919; ch&#7913; ch&#432;a th&#7921;c s&#7921; t&#7841;o c&#417; h&#7897;i cho h&#7885;c sinh v&#7853;n d&#7909;ng ti&#7871;ng Anh. Ch&#250;ng ta &#273;ang d&#7841;y &#273;&#7875; h&#7885;c sinh s&#7917; d&#7909;ng ti&#7871;ng Anh hay ch&#7881; &#273;&#7875; l&#224;m b&#224;i thi gi&#7887;i?</p><p>&#7902; Singapore, k&#7923; thi O-Level English, ph&#7847;n n&#243;i chi&#7871;m t&#7899;i 20-30% t&#7893;ng &#273;i&#7875;m. Ph&#7847;n vi&#7871;t, h&#7885;c sinh ph&#7843;i ho&#224;n th&#224;nh d&#7841;ng vi&#7871;t email, g&#7855;n v&#7899;i t&#236;nh hu&#7889;ng th&#7921;c t&#7871;. H&#7879; th&#7889;ng NCEA c&#7911;a New Zealand (&#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; theo chu&#7849;n &#273;&#7847;u ra) chia k&#7929; n&#259;ng ti&#7871;ng Anh ra th&#224;nh t&#7915;ng ph&#7847;n, vi&#7871;t s&#225;ng t&#7841;o v&#224; &#273;&#7885;c hi&#7875;u v&#259;n b&#7843;n d&#224;i.</p><p>M&#7895;i n&#259;ng l&#7921;c &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; c&#225;ch ki&#7875;m tra kh&#225;c nhau, ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n do ch&#237;nh c&#225;c tr&#432;&#7901;ng th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n v&#224; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n nh&#7887; do nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c t&#7893; ch&#7913;c. T&#244;i t&#7915;ng ch&#7845;m b&#224;i h&#7885;c sinh vi&#7871;t ngh&#7883; lu&#7853;n v&#7899;i y&#234;u c&#7847;u tr&#237;ch d&#7851;n t&#224;i li&#7879;u v&#224; l&#7853;p lu&#7853;n s&#7855;c s&#7843;o. T&#7915; nh&#7919;ng tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m &#273;&#243;, t&#244;i c&#224;ng th&#7845;y r&#245;, n&#7871;u ch&#7881; ki&#7875;m tra nh&#7919;ng g&#236; d&#7877; ch&#7845;m, d&#7877; &#273;o th&#236; ta &#273;ang &#273;&#225;nh m&#7845;t c&#417; h&#7897;i ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n nh&#7919;ng n&#259;ng l&#7921;c th&#7853;t s&#7921; c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4MPc!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55fc02c4-c2b8-413c-81ac-653217084117_1x1.gif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4MPc!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_424, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_lossy/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55fc02c4-c2b8-413c-81ac-653217084117_1x1.gif 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4MPc!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_848, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_lossy/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55fc02c4-c2b8-413c-81ac-653217084117_1x1.gif 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4MPc!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_lossy/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55fc02c4-c2b8-413c-81ac-653217084117_1x1.gif 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4MPc!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_lossy/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55fc02c4-c2b8-413c-81ac-653217084117_1x1.gif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4MPc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_lossy/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55fc02c4-c2b8-413c-81ac-653217084117_1x1.gif" width="320" height="320" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/55fc02c4-c2b8-413c-81ac-653217084117_1x1.gif&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1,&quot;width&quot;:1,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;W-thi tot nghiep.jpg&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="W-thi tot nghiep.jpg" title="W-thi tot nghiep.jpg" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4MPc!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_424, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_lossy/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55fc02c4-c2b8-413c-81ac-653217084117_1x1.gif 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4MPc!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_848, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_lossy/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55fc02c4-c2b8-413c-81ac-653217084117_1x1.gif 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4MPc!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_lossy/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55fc02c4-c2b8-413c-81ac-653217084117_1x1.gif 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4MPc!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_lossy/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55fc02c4-c2b8-413c-81ac-653217084117_1x1.gif 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption"><em>H&#7885;c sinh thi t&#7889;t nghi&#7879;p THPT n&#259;m 2025.</em></figcaption></figure></div><p>B&#224;i thi Ti&#7871;ng Anh hi&#7879;n nay mang m&#7909;c ti&#234;u k&#233;p v&#7915;a &#273;&#7875; x&#233;t t&#7889;t nghi&#7879;p, v&#7915;a ph&#7909;c v&#7909; tuy&#7875;n sinh &#273;&#7841;i h&#7885;c. Tuy nhi&#234;n, vi&#7879;c ch&#7881; c&#243; m&#7897;t &#273;&#7873; chung khi&#7871;n nh&#7919;ng h&#7885;c sinh kh&#244;ng d&#249;ng Ti&#7871;ng Anh &#273;&#7875; x&#233;t tuy&#7875;n c&#361;ng ph&#7843;i ch&#7883;u &#225;p l&#7921;c kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n thi&#7871;t.</p><p>T&#244;i ngh&#297; &#273;&#7871;n c&#225;c cu&#7897;c kh&#7843;o th&#237; &#7903; m&#7897;t s&#7889; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng gi&#225;o d&#7909;c ti&#234;n ti&#7871;n m&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c ta c&#361;ng &#273;ang h&#432;&#7899;ng t&#7899;i. V&#237; d&#7909;, &#7903; New Zealand h&#7885;c sinh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7885;n chu&#7849;n &#273;&#7847;u ra ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i m&#7909;c ti&#234;u h&#7885;c t&#7853;p v&#224; ngh&#7873; nghi&#7879;p, v&#224; c&#225;c b&#224;i thi &#273;&#432;&#7907;c chia th&#224;nh nhi&#7873;u c&#7845;p &#273;&#7897;. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y gi&#250;p h&#7885;c sinh ch&#7885;n l&#7889;i &#273;i ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i n&#259;ng l&#7921;c c&#7911;a m&#236;nh. Vi&#7879;t Nam ho&#224;n to&#224;n c&#243; th&#7875; c&#226;n nh&#7855;c m&#244; h&#236;nh n&#224;y. M&#7897;t &#273;&#7873; thi ph&#226;n t&#7847;ng s&#7869; gi&#250;p gi&#7843;m &#225;p l&#7921;c, n&#226;ng cao c&#244;ng b&#7857;ng, v&#224; kh&#7859;ng &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; tr&#7883; nh&#226;n v&#259;n trong &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; h&#7885;c sinh.</p><p><strong>Khi &#8220;h&#7885;c &#273;&#7875; thi&#8221; l&#7845;n &#225;t &#8220;h&#7885;c &#273;&#7875; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n&#8221;</strong></p><p>T&#244;i t&#7915;ng ngh&#297; luy&#7879;n &#273;&#7873; l&#224; con &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng v&#224;o &#273;&#7841;i h&#7885;c. Nh&#432;ng c&#224;ng nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u s&#226;u v&#7873; gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y v&#224; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225;, t&#244;i c&#224;ng nh&#7853;n ra, qu&#225; tr&#236;nh h&#7885;c c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#227; b&#7883; bi&#7871;n d&#7841;ng v&#236; &#225;p l&#7921;c thi c&#7917;. Khi vi&#7879;c h&#7885;c tr&#7903; th&#224;nh c&#244;ng c&#7909; &#273;&#7875; v&#432;&#7907;t qua m&#7897;t b&#224;i ki&#7875;m tra, n&#243; s&#7869; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n l&#224; h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh kh&#225;m ph&#225;, giao ti&#7871;p, ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n t&#432; duy b&#7857;ng ti&#7871;ng Anh.</p><p>Trong vai tr&#242; &#273;&#224;o t&#7841;o gi&#225;o vi&#234;n, t&#244;i g&#7863;p nhi&#7873;u th&#7847;y c&#244; h&#224;o h&#7913;ng v&#7899;i ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&#225;p d&#7841;y h&#7885;c t&#237;ch c&#7921;c, nh&#432;ng khi v&#7873; v&#7899;i th&#7921;c t&#7871; l&#7841;i b&#7883; bu&#7897;c d&#7841;y theo &#273;&#7873; minh h&#7885;a. Nh&#432; v&#7853;y, ng&#432;&#7901;i d&#7841;y, ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c c&#243; l&#7869; &#273;ang b&#7883; cu&#7889;n v&#224;o v&#242;ng xo&#225;y d&#7841;y v&#224; h&#7885;c &#273;&#7875; thi, l&#224;m phai nh&#7841;t &#253; ngh&#297;a th&#7853;t s&#7921; c&#7911;a vi&#7879;c h&#7885;c ti&#7871;ng Anh l&#224; &#273;&#7875; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng, &#273;&#7875; k&#7871;t n&#7889;i v&#224; &#273;&#7875; s&#7861;n s&#224;ng cho t&#432;&#417;ng lai h&#7885;c t&#7853;p, l&#224;m vi&#7879;c.</p><p>M&#7897;t tri&#7871;t l&#253; ti&#7871;n b&#7897; l&#224; &#8220;assessment for learning&#8221;, &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; nh&#7857;m c&#7843;i ti&#7871;n vi&#7879;c d&#7841;y v&#224; h&#7885;c. Trong khi &#273;&#243;, h&#7879; th&#7889;ng hi&#7879;n nay v&#7851;n thi&#234;n qu&#225; nhi&#7873;u v&#7873; &#8220;assessment of learning&#8221;, ki&#7875;m tra t&#7893;ng k&#7871;t v&#7899;i m&#7897;t b&#224;i thi quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh, h&#7885;c sinh &#237;t c&#243; c&#417; h&#7897;i s&#7917;a sai.</p><p>&#7902; New Zealand, c&#225;c b&#224;i thi n&#7897;i b&#7897; cho ph&#233;p h&#7885;c sinh n&#7897;p l&#7841;i n&#7871;u ch&#432;a &#273;&#7841;t y&#234;u c&#7847;u, gi&#225;o vi&#234;n g&#243;p &#253;, ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i, &#273;&#7875; h&#7885;c sinh c&#243; s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m t&#7889;t h&#417;n. N&#7871;u ch&#250;ng ta mu&#7889;n kh&#417;i d&#7853;y &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c h&#7885;c t&#7853;p th&#7853;t s&#7921;, c&#225;c k&#7923; thi &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; c&#361;ng n&#234;n ph&#7843;n &#225;nh tinh th&#7847;n &#7845;y - &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; &#273;&#7875; ph&#226;n lo&#7841;i, m&#224; c&#242;n &#273;&#7875; trao quy&#7873;n, t&#7841;o &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c cho ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c.</p><p><strong>Nh&#7919;ng c&#7843;i ti&#7871;n c&#243; th&#7875; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u ngay</strong></p><p>Ch&#250;ng ta c&#243; th&#7875; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u b&#7857;ng nh&#7919;ng c&#7843;i ti&#7871;n c&#7909; th&#7875; &#273;&#7875; l&#224;m t&#7889;t h&#417;n cho to&#224;n h&#7879; th&#7889;ng. Th&#7913; nh&#7845;t, thi&#7871;t k&#7871; &#273;&#7873; thi theo h&#432;&#7899;ng ph&#226;n t&#7847;ng r&#245; r&#224;ng: Ph&#7847;n c&#417; b&#7843;n &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o chu&#7849;n &#273;&#7847;u ra t&#7889;t nghi&#7879;p, ph&#7847;n n&#226;ng cao ph&#7909;c v&#7909; x&#233;t tuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7841;i h&#7885;c.</p><p>Th&#7913; hai, t&#237;ch h&#7907;p th&#234;m c&#225;c nhi&#7879;m v&#7909; ng&#244;n ng&#7919; th&#7921;c, nh&#432; b&#224;i vi&#7871;t ng&#7855;n ho&#7863;c ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i t&#236;nh hu&#7889;ng, d&#249; v&#7851;n trong h&#236;nh th&#7913;c tr&#7855;c nghi&#7879;m.</p><p>Th&#7913; ba, t&#259;ng c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#224;o t&#7841;o gi&#225;o vi&#234;n v&#7873; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; trong l&#7899;p h&#7885;c, &#273;&#7875; l&#7899;p h&#7885;c kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; xoay quanh luy&#7879;n &#273;&#7873;. B&#234;n c&#7841;nh &#273;&#243;, c&#7847;n c&#244;ng khai ph&#226;n t&#237;ch th&#244;ng s&#7889;, tr&#432;&#7899;c v&#224; sau k&#7923; thi, g&#7891;m th&#7917; nghi&#7879;m, ph&#7893; &#273;i&#7875;m, &#273;&#7897; kh&#243;, &#273;&#7897; ph&#226;n lo&#7841;i c&#7911;a &#273;&#7873;, gi&#250;p minh b&#7841;ch h&#243;a v&#224; c&#7843;i ti&#7871;n li&#234;n t&#7909;c.</p><p>T&#244;i cho r&#7857;ng, k&#7923; thi t&#7889;t nghi&#7879;p THPT n&#234;n l&#224; c&#225;nh c&#7917;a quan tr&#7885;ng m&#7903; ra c&#417; h&#244;&#803;i c&#244;ng b&#7857;ng cho h&#224;ng ng&#224;n h&#7885;c sinh ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng n&#234;n tr&#7903; th&#224;nh cu&#244;&#803;c &#273;ua ch&#7881; cho ng&#432;&#7901;i gi&#7887;i nh&#226;&#769;t, c&#224;ng kh&#244;ng n&#234;n g&#226;y hoang mang trong d&#432; lu&#7853;n.</p><p>M&#7895;i b&#224;i thi c&#7847;n l&#224; m&#7897;t t&#7845;m g&#432;&#417;ng ph&#7843;n chi&#7871;u l&#7841;i c&#225;ch d&#7841;y, h&#7885;c v&#224; tri&#7871;t l&#253; gi&#225;o d&#7909;c m&#224; ta &#273;ang h&#432;&#7899;ng &#273;&#7871;n. N&#7871;u &#273;&#7873; ch&#7881; ki&#7875;m tra nh&#7919;ng g&#236; d&#7877; &#273;o, d&#7877; ch&#7845;m, v&#244; t&#236;nh s&#7869; b&#243;p ngh&#7865;t nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7873;u kh&#243; &#273;o l&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#432; t&#432; duy ph&#7843;n bi&#7879;n, kh&#7843; n&#259;ng di&#7877;n &#273;&#7841;t, s&#7921; s&#225;ng t&#7841;o, hay n&#259;ng l&#7921;c giao ti&#7871;p trong th&#7871; gi&#7899;i th&#7853;t.</p><p>Tuy ch&#250;ng ta ch&#432;a th&#7875; k&#7923; v&#7885;ng m&#7897;t k&#7923; thi nh&#432; c&#225;c n&#432;&#7899;c ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n, nh&#432;ng &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; kh&#244;ng c&#243; ngh&#297;a l&#224; kh&#244;ng th&#7875; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#7915; nh&#7919;ng b&#432;&#7899;c &#273;i &#273;&#250;ng &#273;&#7855;n. Khi ch&#250;ng ta c&#249;ng ki&#234;n nh&#7851;n c&#7843;i ti&#7871;n, t&#7915; c&#225;ch d&#7841;y, c&#225;ch h&#7885;c &#273;&#7871;n c&#225;ch &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225;, d&#249; xu&#7845;t ph&#225;t &#273;i&#7875;m kh&#225;c nhau, h&#7885;c sinh Vi&#7879;t Nam v&#7851;n c&#243; th&#7875; t&#7921; tin b&#432;&#7899;c ra th&#7871; gi&#7899;i b&#7857;ng ch&#237;nh n&#259;ng l&#7921;c th&#7853;t s&#7921; c&#7911;a m&#236;nh.Link:</p><p> https://vietnamnet.vn/de-tieng-anh-thi-tot-nghiep-thpt-2025-do-nang-luc-hay-tao-ap-luc-2417192.html?gidzl=o6l8241Id6_BSyyDGqwOOSXvpG5P4yqoXowSLGqGnZ23BS9MMaQHOD1-bmnMHi5eYY-L33c_3s9LH5oTR0</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Cách NoteLab hỗ trợ xây dựng Lesson Plan chuẩn CEFR]]></title><description><![CDATA[Thi&#7871;t k&#7871; b&#224;i d&#7841;y c&#249;ng NoteLab- Khi AI gi&#250;p gi&#225;o vi&#234;n th&#7921;c h&#224;nh t&#432; duy Assessment-for-Learning]]></description><link>https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/cach-notelab-ho-tro-xay-dung-lesson</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/cach-notelab-ho-tro-xay-dung-lesson</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Cao Thi Hong Phuong]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 03 Mar 2026 14:33:55 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YkXM!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fee1fecbf-ec6c-4da2-86a5-e45a96294c60_2422x1278.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Ch&#224;o c&#225;c b&#7841;n &#273;&#7891;ng nghi&#7879;p v&#224; c&#225;c em sinh vi&#234;n,</p><p>Ch&#250;ng ta &#273;&#227; th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n nhi&#7873;u v&#7873; t&#7847;m quan tr&#7885;ng c&#7911;a vi&#7879;c c&#225; nh&#226;n h&#243;a vi&#7879;c h&#7885;c v&#224; vai tr&#242; c&#7911;a &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&#234;n (formative assessment). Tuy nhi&#234;n, m&#7897;t th&#225;ch th&#7913;c th&#7921;c t&#7871;, &#273;&#243; l&#224; l&#224;m sao &#273;&#7875; thi&#7871;t k&#7871; m&#7897;t b&#224;i d&#7841;y v&#7915;a b&#225;m s&#225;t khung n&#259;ng l&#7921;c (nh&#432; CEFR), v&#7915;a &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o m&#7885;i ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng &#273;&#7873;u h&#432;&#7899;ng t&#7899;i m&#7909;c ti&#234;u &#273;&#7847;u ra trong m&#7897;t kho&#7843;ng th&#7901;i gian so&#7841;n b&#224;i c&#243; h&#7841;n?</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YkXM!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fee1fecbf-ec6c-4da2-86a5-e45a96294c60_2422x1278.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YkXM!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_424, 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xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading PhuongCao's Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p>G&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y, m&#236;nh c&#243; tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m <strong>NoteLab English</strong> v&#224; th&#7845;y &#273;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t c&#244;ng c&#7909; h&#7895; tr&#7907; gi&#225;o vi&#234;n r&#7845;t t&#7889;t trong vi&#7879;c hi&#7879;n th&#7921;c h&#243;a c&#225;c nguy&#234;n l&#253; s&#432; ph&#7841;m v&#224;o gi&#225;o &#225;n. D&#432;&#7899;i &#273;&#226;y l&#224; 3 &#273;i&#7875;m m&#224; m&#236;nh tin r&#7857;ng nh&#7919;ng ai quan t&#226;m &#273;&#7871;n ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y v&#224; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; s&#7869; th&#7845;y h&#7919;u &#237;ch:</p><p><strong>1. B&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#7915; M&#7909;c ti&#234;u &#273;&#237;ch (Learning Outcomes)</strong> Thay v&#236; ch&#7885;n ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng tr&#432;&#7899;c r&#7891;i m&#7899;i t&#236;m m&#7909;c ti&#234;u l&#7855;p v&#224;o, NoteLab bu&#7897;c ch&#250;ng ta &#273;i theo quy tr&#236;nh ng&#432;&#7907;c: x&#225;c &#273;&#7883;nh r&#245; <em>&#8220;H&#7885;c sinh s&#7869; c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224;m g&#236; sau ti&#7871;t h&#7885;c?&#8221;</em>. T&#7915; m&#7909;c ti&#234;u n&#224;y, c&#244;ng c&#7909; gi&#250;p ta l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n k&#7929; n&#259;ng (Speaking, Listening, Reading, Writing) v&#224; h&#236;nh th&#7913;c t&#432;&#417;ng t&#225;c (Whole class, Pair work, Group work) sao cho t&#432;&#417;ng th&#237;ch nh&#7845;t. Vi&#7879;c b&#225;m s&#225;t khung <strong>CEFR</strong> c&#361;ng gi&#250;p b&#224;i d&#7841;y c&#243; m&#7897;t &#8220;th&#432;&#7899;c &#273;o&#8221; chu&#7849;n x&#225;c ngay t&#7915; &#273;&#7847;u.</p><p><strong>2. T&#237;ch h&#7907;p &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; v&#224;o  b&#224;i d&#7841;y</strong> &#272;i&#7873;u m&#236;nh t&#226;m &#273;&#7855;c nh&#7845;t ch&#237;nh l&#224; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng <strong>integrate assessment</strong>. Khi m&#7895;i Task (nhi&#7879;m v&#7909;) &#273;&#432;&#7907;c thi&#7871;t k&#7871; d&#7921;a tr&#234;n Learning Outcomes, vi&#7879;c thu th&#7853;p <strong>Evidence of learning</strong> (minh ch&#7913;ng h&#7885;c t&#7853;p) tr&#7903; n&#234;n logic v&#224; t&#7921; nhi&#234;n. V&#7899;i t&#432; duy <em>Assessment-for-learning</em>, c&#225;c ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng giao ti&#7871;p hay luy&#7879;n t&#7853;p kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; &#273;&#7875; &#8220;cho vui&#8221; hay l&#7845;p &#273;&#7847;y th&#7901;i gian, m&#224; l&#224; nh&#7919;ng c&#417; h&#7897;i &#273;&#7875; gi&#225;o vi&#234;n quan s&#225;t, thu nh&#7853;n ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i v&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh d&#7841;y h&#7885;c k&#7883;p th&#7901;i. NoteLab cung c&#7845;p s&#7861;n c&#225;c <strong>Assessment criteria</strong> (ti&#234;u ch&#237; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225;) gi&#250;p k&#7923; v&#7885;ng c&#7911;a gi&#225;o vi&#234;n v&#224; h&#7885;c sinh tr&#7903; n&#234;n minh b&#7841;ch h&#417;n.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jvY_!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5c1ba83-4a9b-401d-820e-d5779d9a7714_2276x1094.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jvY_!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_424, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5c1ba83-4a9b-401d-820e-d5779d9a7714_2276x1094.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jvY_!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_848, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5c1ba83-4a9b-401d-820e-d5779d9a7714_2276x1094.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jvY_!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5c1ba83-4a9b-401d-820e-d5779d9a7714_2276x1094.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jvY_!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5c1ba83-4a9b-401d-820e-d5779d9a7714_2276x1094.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jvY_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5c1ba83-4a9b-401d-820e-d5779d9a7714_2276x1094.png" width="1456" height="700" 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/__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5c1ba83-4a9b-401d-820e-d5779d9a7714_2276x1094.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jvY_!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_848, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5c1ba83-4a9b-401d-820e-d5779d9a7714_2276x1094.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jvY_!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5c1ba83-4a9b-401d-820e-d5779d9a7714_2276x1094.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jvY_!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5c1ba83-4a9b-401d-820e-d5779d9a7714_2276x1094.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p><strong>3. C&#244;ng c&#7909; AI nh&#432;ng t&#432; duy l&#224; c&#7911;a Gi&#225;o vi&#234;n</strong> NoteLab h&#7895; tr&#7907; ch&#250;ng ta v&#7873; m&#7863;t k&#7929; thu&#7853;t v&#224; t&#224;i li&#7879;u &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o b&#224;i d&#7841;y <strong>pedagogically sound</strong> (chu&#7849;n s&#432; ph&#7841;m). Tuy nhi&#234;n, gi&#225; tr&#7883; l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t v&#7851;n n&#7857;m &#7903; s&#7921; r&#224; so&#225;t c&#7911;a gi&#225;o vi&#234;n. C&#244;ng c&#7909; n&#224;y &#273;&#243;ng vai tr&#242; nh&#432; m&#7897;t framework (khung x&#432;&#417;ng) v&#7919;ng ch&#7855;c, gi&#250;p ch&#250;ng ta ti&#7871;t ki&#7879;m th&#7901;i gian v&#7853;n h&#224;nh &#273;&#7875; t&#7853;p trung v&#224;o vi&#7879;c <strong>c&#225; nh&#226;n h&#243;a</strong> b&#224;i d&#7841;y sao cho ph&#249; h&#7907;p nh&#7845;t v&#7899;i b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh (Class context) v&#224; nhu c&#7847;u c&#7909; th&#7875; c&#7911;a t&#7915;ng h&#7885;c sinh.</p><p>Trong k&#7927; nguy&#234;n AI, m&#236;nh tin r&#7857;ng nh&#7919;ng c&#244;ng c&#7909; nh&#432; NoteLab kh&#244;ng thay th&#7871; gi&#225;o vi&#234;n, m&#224; gi&#250;p ch&#250;ng ta r&#232;n luy&#7879;n t&#432; duy thi&#7871;t k&#7871; b&#224;i d&#7841;y b&#224;i b&#7843;n v&#224; khoa h&#7885;c h&#417;n. C&#225;c b&#7841;n kh&#225;m ph&#225; NoteLab English trong link m&#236;nh &#273;&#237;nh k&#232;m &#273;&#226;y nh&#233;.</p><p>https://notelab.trinitycollege.com/english </p><p><em>C&#242;n c&#225;c b&#7841;n, c&#225;c b&#7841;n &#273;ang s&#7917; d&#7909;ng c&#244;ng c&#7909; n&#224;o &#273;&#7875; t&#7889;i &#432;u h&#243;a vi&#7879;c thi&#7871;t k&#7871; b&#224;i d&#7841;y v&#224; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; trong l&#7899;p h&#7885;c c&#7911;a m&#236;nh? H&#227;y chia s&#7867; c&#249;ng m&#236;nh &#7903; ph&#7847;n b&#236;nh lu&#7853;n nh&#233;.</em></p><p>Cheers,</p><p>H&#7891;ng Ph&#432;&#417;ng</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading PhuongCao's Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Doing a Master’s Dissertation in TESOL ]]></title><description><![CDATA[Phao c&#7913;u sinh cho nh&#7919;ng ai &#273;ang &#273;&#225;nh v&#7853;t v&#7899;i lu&#7853;n v&#259;n TESOL]]></description><link>https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/book-review</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/book-review</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Cao Thi Hong Phuong]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 03 Mar 2026 04:18:19 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Y2ms!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbb44f16b-2f92-4950-8729-673ae16e8c7b_1158x1556.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n &#273;ang trong giai &#273;o&#7841;n m&#7845;t &#259;n m&#7845;t ng&#7911; v&#236; c&#225;i lu&#7853;n v&#259;n Th&#7841;c s&#297; ng&#224;nh TESOL hay Ng&#244;n ng&#7919; h&#7885;c &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng, th&#236; cu&#7889;n Doing a Master&#8217;s Dissertation in TESOL and Applied Linguistics c&#7911;a Lindy Woodrow (2020) ch&#237;nh l&#224; cu&#7889;n b&#237; k&#237;p m&#224; nhi&#7873;u h&#7885;c vi&#234;n c&#7911;a m&#236;nh &#432;&#7899;c g&#236; &#273;&#227; bi&#7871;t s&#7899;m h&#417;n. Kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t cu&#7889;n gi&#225;o tr&#236;nh kh&#244; khan, n&#243; gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i th&#7847;y t&#7853;n t&#226;m c&#7847;m tay ch&#7881; vi&#7879;c cho m&#236;nh v&#7853;y.</p><p>&#272;i&#7875;m c&#7897;ng l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t l&#224; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c c&#7921;c k&#7923; logic, b&#225;m s&#225;t t&#7915;ng b&#432;&#7899;c m&#224; ch&#250;ng ta ph&#7843;i tr&#7843;i qua: t&#7915; l&#250;c v&#242; &#273;&#7847;u b&#7913;t tai ch&#7885;n &#273;&#7873; t&#224;i, thu th&#7853;p d&#7919; li&#7879;u, cho &#273;&#7871;n t&#7853;n khi c&#7847;m b&#7843;n c&#7913;ng &#273;i b&#7843;o v&#7879;. Thay v&#236; qu&#259;ng cho m&#236;nh m&#7897;t &#273;&#7889;ng l&#253; thuy&#7871;t, t&#225;c gi&#7843; l&#7841;i &#273;&#237;nh k&#232;m &#273;&#7911; lo&#7841;i b&#7843;ng bi&#7875;u, checklist v&#224; &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t l&#224; c&#225;c v&#237; d&#7909; ng&#432;&#7901;i th&#7853;t vi&#7879;c th&#7853;t t&#7915; c&#225;c b&#224;i lu&#7853;n &#273;&#7841;t chu&#7849;n t&#7841;i Anh, &#218;c, M&#7929;. Nh&#236;n v&#224;o &#273;&#243;, b&#7841;n s&#7869; t&#7921; kh&#7855;c bi&#7871;t m&#236;nh c&#7847;n ph&#7843;i vi&#7871;t g&#236; &#273;&#7875; chu&#7849;n b&#7883; cho lu&#7853;n v&#259;n c&#7911;a m&#236;nh. </p><p>V&#7899;i t&#432; c&#225;ch l&#224; m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#361;ng t&#7915;ng &#273;&#7913;ng l&#7899;p d&#7841;y m&#244;n Ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&#225;p nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u, m&#236;nh th&#7845;y cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch n&#224;y ch&#7841;m &#273;&#250;ng nh&#7919;ng n&#7895;i &#273;au m&#224; h&#7885;c vi&#234;n hay t&#226;m s&#7921;.</p><p>M&#7897;t l&#224; ch&#7885;n &#273;&#7873; t&#224;i. Thay v&#236; c&#7913; m&#7843;i m&#234; v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng c&#226;u h&#7887;i ki&#7875;u m&#236;nh th&#237;ch g&#236;, cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch s&#7869; h&#432;&#7899;ng b&#7841;n &#273;&#7871;n c&#226;u h&#7887;i th&#7921;c t&#7871; h&#417;n: &#8220;M&#236;nh c&#243; &#273;&#7911; th&#7901;i gian v&#224; d&#7919; li&#7879;u &#273;&#7875; l&#224;m c&#225;i n&#224;y trong 15.000 t&#7915; kh&#244;ng?&#8221;. N&#243; gi&#250;p b&#7841;n bi&#7871;n m&#7897;t &#253; t&#432;&#7903;ng bay b&#7893;ng th&#224;nh m&#7897;t Researchable Topic, &#273;&#7873; t&#224;i c&#243; t&#237;nh kh&#7843; thi hay kh&#244;ng</p><p>Hai l&#224; n&#7895;i &#225;m &#7843;nh mang t&#234;n Literature Review. Nhi&#7873;u b&#7841;n c&#7913; ngh&#297; t&#7893;ng quan t&#224;i li&#7879;u l&#224; &#273;i t&#243;m t&#7855;t l&#7841;i b&#224;i c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#225;c. Nh&#432;ng, Lindy Woodrow s&#7869; d&#7841;y b&#7841;n c&#225;ch t&#236;m ra kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng (research gap) v&#224; c&#225;ch d&#249;ng c&#225;ch vi&#7871;t ph&#7843;n bi&#7879;n (critical writing )&#273;&#7875; kh&#7859;ng &#273;&#7883;nh v&#7883; th&#7871; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u c&#7911;a m&#236;nh.</p><p>Ngo&#224;i ra, ph&#7847;n v&#7873; ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&#225;p nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#224; ph&#226;n t&#237;ch d&#7919; li&#7879;u c&#361;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c vi&#7871;t r&#7845;t v&#7915;a ph&#7843;i. T&#225;c gi&#7843; kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; d&#7841;y c&#225;ch l&#224;m &#273;&#250;ng, m&#224; c&#242;n nh&#7855;c nh&#7903; m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u r&#7845;t nh&#226;n v&#259;n: M&#7897;t b&#224;i lu&#7853;n v&#259;n ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng kh&#244;ng nh&#7845;t thi&#7871;t ph&#7843;i l&#224; m&#7897;t nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u ho&#224;n h&#7843;o kh&#244;ng t&#236; v&#7871;t, m&#224; l&#224; m&#7897;t c&#244;ng tr&#236;nh th&#7875; hi&#7879;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7921; trung th&#7921;c v&#224; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng nh&#236;n nh&#7853;n l&#7841;i nh&#7919;ng h&#7841;n ch&#7871; c&#7911;a ch&#237;nh m&#236;nh.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n &#273;ang c&#7843;m th&#7845;y l&#7841;c l&#7889;i gi&#7919;a r&#7915;ng h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t, h&#227;y th&#7917; &#273;&#7885;c cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch n&#224;y. N&#243; s&#7869; gi&#250;p b&#7841;n b&#7899;t lo &#226;u v&#224; t&#7921; tin h&#417;n r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u tr&#234;n h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh v&#7873; &#273;&#237;ch! </p><p>B&#7841;n n&#224;o &#273;&#227; d&#249;ng cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch n&#224;y r&#7891;i nh&#7881;? B&#7841;n th&#7845;y th&#7871; n&#224;o?</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Y2ms!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbb44f16b-2f92-4950-8729-673ae16e8c7b_1158x1556.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Y2ms!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_424, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbb44f16b-2f92-4950-8729-673ae16e8c7b_1158x1556.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Y2ms!, /__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/w_848, 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</h1>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Người đồng hành thầm lặng cùng bạn trên con đường học thuật]]></title><description><![CDATA[Pathway to Research Success]]></description><link>https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/nguoi-ong-hanh</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/nguoi-ong-hanh</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Cao Thi Hong Phuong]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 03 Mar 2026 02:56:34 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6RJG!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab83f025-552e-4f72-beb1-f817c20bd2b3_905x905.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="/__u/caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><p>Ch&#224;o m&#7915;ng b&#7841;n &#273;&#7871;n v&#7899;i blog c&#7911;a Cao Th&#7883; H&#7891;ng Ph&#432;&#417;ng!</p><p>M&#236;nh hi&#7879;n l&#224; gi&#7843;ng vi&#234;n khoa Ti&#7871;ng Anh, Tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#272;&#7841;i h&#7885;c S&#432; ph&#7841;m H&#224; N&#7897;i. Sau nhi&#7873;u n&#259;m gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y, nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#224; &#273;&#7891;ng h&#224;nh c&#249;ng sinh vi&#234;n, m&#236;nh nh&#7853;n ra r&#7857;ng c&#243; r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u &#273;i&#7873;u kh&#244;ng th&#7875; g&#243;i g&#7885;n trong khu&#244;n kh&#7893; m&#7897;t gi&#7901; h&#7885;c hay m&#7897;t b&#224;i b&#225;o h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t. C&#243; nh&#7919;ng tr&#259;n tr&#7903; v&#7873; ngh&#7873;, nh&#7919;ng c&#226;u h&#7887;i ch&#432;a c&#243; l&#7901;i gi&#7843;i r&#245; r&#224;ng trong nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u, nh&#7919;ng th&#7917; nghi&#7879;m ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&#225;p gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y th&#224;nh c&#244;ng,  ch&#432;a th&#224;nh c&#244;ng, nh&#432;ng &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#225;ng &#273;&#7875; k&#7875; l&#7841;i.</p><p>V&#236; sao l&#224; Newsletter n&#224;y, v&#224; v&#236; sao l&#7841;i l&#224; th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m n&#224;y? C&#243; l&#7869; b&#7903;i m&#236;nh &#273;ang &#7903; m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7875;m gi&#7919;a c&#7911;a h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh, &#273;&#7911; l&#226;u &#273;&#7875; nh&#236;n l&#7841;i, nh&#432;ng c&#361;ng &#273;&#7911; t&#242; m&#242; &#273;&#7875; ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c b&#432;&#7899;c &#273;i. M&#236;nh mu&#7889;n t&#7841;o ra m&#7897;t kh&#244;ng gian ri&#234;ng, n&#417;i nh&#7919;ng suy ngh&#297; v&#7873; TESOL, v&#7873; bi&#234;n so&#7841;n ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh, v&#7873; ki&#7875;m tra &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; v&#7873; m&#7897;t ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t c&#7909; th&#7875;, c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224; IELTS hay CLIL. L&#224; BOOK REVEW, v&#7873; nh&#7919;ng xu h&#432;&#7899;ng d&#7841;y h&#7885;c v&#224; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u th&#7883;nh h&#224;nh tr&#234;n th&#7871; gi&#7899;i. </p><p>Nh&#432;ng c&#361;ng c&#243; th&#7875; c&#225;c b&#224;i vi&#7871;t s&#7869; xoay quanh &#273;&#7901;i s&#7889;ng h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t n&#243;i chung, v&#7873; h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh l&#224;m ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c su&#7889;t &#273;&#7901;i c&#7845;t ti&#7871;ng n&#243;i m&#7897;t c&#225;ch ch&#226;n th&#224;nh v&#224; g&#7847;n g&#361;i nh&#7845;t. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; n&#417;i &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7889;i tho&#7841;i, v&#7899;i &#273;&#7891;ng nghi&#7879;p, v&#7899;i sinh vi&#234;n, v&#224; v&#7899;i b&#7845;t k&#7923; ai quan t&#226;m &#273;&#7871;n gi&#225;o d&#7909;c v&#224; s&#7921; h&#7885;c Ti&#7871;ng Anh, v&#224; h&#7885;c b&#7857;ng Ti&#7871;ng Anh.</p><p>&#7902; m&#7897;t kh&#237;a c&#7841;nh kh&#225;c, khi s&#7889;ng t&#7841;i Vi&#7879;t Nam c&#249;ng ch&#7891;ng v&#224; c&#244; con g&#225;i h&#417;n 20 tu&#7893;i c&#7911;a m&#236;nh, m&#7897;t em b&#233; t&#7853;t nguy&#7873;n, m&#236;nh c&#224;ng th&#7845;m th&#237;a r&#7857;ng gi&#225;o d&#7909;c kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; di&#7877;n ra trong l&#7899;p h&#7885;c. N&#243; di&#7877;n ra trong gia &#273;&#236;nh, trong c&#225;ch ta &#273;&#7889;i di&#7879;n v&#7899;i kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t, trong s&#7921; ki&#234;n nh&#7851;n v&#224; t&#236;nh y&#234;u m&#7895;i ng&#224;y. V&#236; v&#7853;y, blog n&#224;y c&#361;ng l&#224; n&#417;i m&#236;nh ghi l&#7841;i nh&#7919;ng c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n nh&#7887; c&#7911;a &#273;&#7901;i s&#7889;ng, c&#7911;a m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7865; c&#243; con kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t, nh&#432; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n kh&#244;ng th&#7875; t&#225;ch r&#7901;i c&#7911;a h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh h&#7885;c h&#7887;i v&#224; tr&#432;&#7903;ng th&#224;nh.</p><p>M&#236;nh m&#7903; kh&#244;ng gian n&#224;y v&#7899;i mong mu&#7889;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7891;ng h&#224;nh th&#7847;m l&#7863;ng,kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i ng&#432;&#7901;i d&#7851;n &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng ho&#224;n h&#7843;o, m&#224; l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#249;ng &#273;i, c&#249;ng suy ngh&#297;, c&#249;ng &#273;&#7863;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i. N&#7871;u b&#7841;n &#273;ang tr&#234;n h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u, gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y, hay &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n l&#224; h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh tr&#7903; th&#224;nh phi&#234;n b&#7843;n t&#7889;t h&#417;n c&#7911;a ch&#237;nh m&#236;nh, m&#236;nh hy v&#7885;ng b&#7841;n s&#7869; t&#236;m th&#7845;y &#7903; &#273;&#226;y m&#7897;t s&#7921; chia s&#7867; ch&#226;n th&#224;nh v&#224; m&#7897;t ch&#250;t c&#7843;m h&#7913;ng.</p><p>C&#7843;m &#417;n b&#7841;n &#273;&#227; gh&#233; th&#259;m, v&#224; hy v&#7885;ng ch&#250;ng ta s&#7869; c&#249;ng nhau &#273;i m&#7897;t ch&#7863;ng &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng d&#224;i.</p><p><em><strong>C&#7909; th&#7875; h&#417;n m&#7897;t ch&#250;t nh&#233;</strong></em></p><p>M&#236;nh d&#7921; &#273;&#7883;nh vi&#7871;t &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#7863;n m&#7895;i tu&#7847;n m&#7897;t b&#224;i, ch&#7911; y&#7871;u xoay quanh h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u, gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y TESOL, ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n ngh&#7873; nghi&#7879;p h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t v&#224; nh&#7919;ng ghi ch&#233;p c&#225; nh&#226;n v&#7873; &#273;&#7901;i s&#7889;ng &#273;&#7841;i h&#7885;c, th&#7881;nh tho&#7843;ng xen v&#224;o l&#224; nh&#7919;ng l&#225;t c&#7855;t nh&#7887; t&#7915; cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng gia &#273;&#236;nh. Ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; mi&#7877;n ph&#237; s&#7869; &#273;&#7885;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c to&#224;n b&#7897; c&#225;c b&#224;i vi&#7871;t ch&#237;nh v&#224; tham gia b&#236;nh lu&#7853;n, trao &#273;&#7893;i. </p><p></p><p>Sau n&#224;y, trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai n&#7871;u b&#7841;n ch&#7885;n &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; tr&#7843; m&#7897;t kho&#7843;n ph&#237; nh&#7887; xinh &#273;&#7875; &#7911;ng h&#7897; (ki&#7875;u nh&#432; m&#7901;i m&#236;nh m&#7897;t t&#225;ch cafe) BUY ME A COFFEE, b&#7841;n s&#7869; nh&#7853;n th&#234;m nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i vi&#7871;t chuy&#234;n s&#226;u h&#417;n (v&#7873; thi&#7871;t k&#7871; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u, x&#226;y d&#7921;ng b&#224;i gi&#7843;ng, reading list), t&#224;i nguy&#234;n m&#236;nh s&#7917; d&#7909;ng trong l&#7899;p h&#7885;c, c&#249;ng nh&#7919;ng chia s&#7867; h&#7853;u tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#7873; qu&#225; tr&#236;nh l&#224;m ngh&#7873;. D&#249; &#7903; l&#7841;i theo c&#225;ch n&#224;o, m&#236;nh v&#7851;n mong n&#417;i &#273;&#226;y gi&#7919; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7921; r&#245; r&#224;ng, &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#7863;n v&#224; &#273;&#225;ng tin c&#7853;y &#273;&#7875; ch&#250;ng ta c&#249;ng h&#7885;c h&#7887;i l&#226;u d&#224;i.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n th&#7845;y nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7873;u m&#236;nh vi&#7871;t c&#243; s&#7921; &#273;&#7891;ng &#273;i&#7879;u, &#273;&#7915;ng ng&#7841;i nh&#7845;n <strong>Subscribe</strong> &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7891;ng h&#224;nh l&#226;u d&#224;i nh&#233;. Vi&#7879;c b&#7841;n &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; gi&#250;p b&#7841;n kh&#244;ng b&#7887; l&#7905; b&#224;i vi&#7871;t m&#7899;i, m&#224; c&#242;n l&#224; m&#7897;t c&#225;ch nh&#7887; &#273;&#7875; n&#243;i v&#7899;i m&#236;nh r&#7857;ng, b&#7841;n mu&#7889;n c&#249;ng b&#7841;n ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c cu&#7897;c tr&#242; chuy&#7879;n n&#224;y. </p><h3></h3><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1513542789411-b6a5d4f31634?crop=entropy&amp;cs=tinysrgb&amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;ixid=MnwzMDAzMzh8MHwxfHNlYXJjaHwyfHxyYW5kb218ZW58MHx8fHwxNjY3MzQ5Njkx&amp;ixlib=rb-4.0.3&amp;q=80&amp;w=1080" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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href="https://unsplash.com">Unsplash</a></figcaption></figure></div><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading Cao's Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[About Phuong's Substack  ]]></title><description><![CDATA[Keep your face towards the sunshine]]></description><link>https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/coming-soon</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://caothihongphuong.substack.com/p/coming-soon</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Cao Thi Hong Phuong]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 19 Nov 2025 04:41:08 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6RJG!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab83f025-552e-4f72-beb1-f817c20bd2b3_905x905.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>Ch&#224;o m&#7915;ng b&#7841;n &#273;&#7871;n v&#7899;i blog c&#7911;a Cao Th&#7883; H&#7891;ng Ph&#432;&#417;ng!</p><p>M&#236;nh hi&#7879;n l&#224; gi&#7843;ng vi&#234;n khoa Ti&#7871;ng Anh, Tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#272;&#7841;i h&#7885;c S&#432; ph&#7841;m H&#224; N&#7897;i. Sau nhi&#7873;u n&#259;m gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y, nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#224; &#273;&#7891;ng h&#224;nh c&#249;ng sinh vi&#234;n, m&#236;nh nh&#7853;n ra r&#7857;ng c&#243; r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u &#273;i&#7873;u kh&#244;ng th&#7875; g&#243;i g&#7885;n trong khu&#244;n kh&#7893; m&#7897;t gi&#7901; h&#7885;c hay m&#7897;t b&#224;i b&#225;o h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t. C&#243; nh&#7919;ng tr&#259;n tr&#7903; v&#7873; ngh&#7873;, nh&#7919;ng c&#226;u h&#7887;i ch&#432;a c&#243; l&#7901;i gi&#7843;i r&#245; r&#224;ng trong nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u, nh&#7919;ng th&#7917; nghi&#7879;m ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&#225;p gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y th&#224;nh c&#244;ng, ch&#432;a th&#224;nh c&#244;ng, nh&#432;ng &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#225;ng &#273;&#7875; k&#7875; l&#7841;i.</p><p>V&#236; sao l&#224; blog n&#224;y, v&#224; v&#236; sao l&#224; b&#226;y gi&#7901;? C&#243; l&#7869; b&#7903;i m&#236;nh &#273;ang &#7903; m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7875;m gi&#7919;a c&#7911;a h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh, &#273;&#7911; l&#226;u &#273;&#7875; nh&#236;n l&#7841;i, nh&#432;ng c&#361;ng &#273;&#7911; t&#242; m&#242; &#273;&#7875; ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c b&#432;&#7899;c &#273;i. M&#236;nh mu&#7889;n t&#7841;o ra m&#7897;t kh&#244;ng gian ri&#234;ng, n&#417;i nh&#7919;ng suy ngh&#297; v&#7873; TESOL, v&#7873; bi&#234;n so&#7841;n ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh, v&#7873; ki&#7875;m tra &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; v&#7873; m&#7897;t ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t c&#7909; th&#7875;, c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224; IELTS hay CLIL. L&#224; BOOK REVEW, nh&#432;ng c&#361;ng c&#243; th&#7875; c&#225;c b&#224;i vi&#7871;t s&#7869; xoay quanh &#273;&#7901;i s&#7889;ng h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t n&#243;i chung, v&#7873; h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh l&#224;m ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c su&#7889;t &#273;&#7901;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#7845;t ti&#7871;ng m&#7897;t c&#225;ch ch&#226;n th&#224;nh v&#224; g&#7847;n g&#361;i h&#417;n. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; n&#417;i &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7889;i tho&#7841;i, v&#7899;i &#273;&#7891;ng nghi&#7879;p, v&#7899;i sinh vi&#234;n, v&#224; v&#7899;i b&#7845;t k&#7923; ai quan t&#226;m &#273;&#7871;n gi&#225;o d&#7909;c v&#224; s&#7921; h&#7885;c.</p><p>&#7902; m&#7897;t kh&#237;a c&#7841;nh kh&#225;c, khi s&#7889;ng t&#7841;i Vi&#7879;t Nam c&#249;ng ch&#7891;ng v&#224; c&#244; con g&#225;i h&#417;n 20 tu&#7893;i c&#7911;a m&#236;nh, m&#7897;t em b&#233; t&#7853;t nguy&#7873;n, m&#236;nh c&#224;ng th&#7845;m th&#237;a r&#7857;ng gi&#225;o d&#7909;c kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; di&#7877;n ra trong l&#7899;p h&#7885;c. N&#243; di&#7877;n ra trong gia &#273;&#236;nh, trong c&#225;ch ta &#273;&#7889;i di&#7879;n v&#7899;i kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t, trong s&#7921; ki&#234;n nh&#7851;n v&#224; t&#236;nh y&#234;u m&#7895;i ng&#224;y. V&#236; v&#7853;y, blog n&#224;y c&#361;ng l&#224; n&#417;i m&#236;nh ghi l&#7841;i nh&#7919;ng c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n nh&#7887; c&#7911;a &#273;&#7901;i s&#7889;ng, c&#7911;a m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7865; c&#243; con kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t, nh&#432; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n kh&#244;ng th&#7875; t&#225;ch r&#7901;i c&#7911;a h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh h&#7885;c h&#7887;i v&#224; tr&#432;&#7903;ng th&#224;nh.</p><p>M&#236;nh m&#7903; kh&#244;ng gian n&#224;y v&#7899;i mong mu&#7889;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7891;ng h&#224;nh,kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i ng&#432;&#7901;i d&#7851;n &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng ho&#224;n h&#7843;o, m&#224; l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#249;ng &#273;i, c&#249;ng suy ngh&#297;, c&#249;ng &#273;&#7863;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i. N&#7871;u b&#7841;n &#273;ang tr&#234;n h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u, gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y, hay &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n l&#224; h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh tr&#7903; th&#224;nh phi&#234;n b&#7843;n t&#7889;t h&#417;n c&#7911;a ch&#237;nh m&#236;nh, m&#236;nh hy v&#7885;ng b&#7841;n s&#7869; t&#236;m th&#7845;y &#7903; &#273;&#226;y m&#7897;t s&#7921; chia s&#7867; ch&#226;n th&#224;nh v&#224; m&#7897;t ch&#250;t c&#7843;m h&#7913;ng.</p><p>C&#7843;m &#417;n b&#7841;n &#273;&#227; gh&#233; th&#259;m, v&#224; hy v&#7885;ng ch&#250;ng ta s&#7869; c&#249;ng nhau &#273;i m&#7897;t ch&#7863;ng &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng d&#224;i.</p><p><em><strong>C&#7909; th&#7875; h&#417;n m&#7897;t ch&#250;t nh&#233;</strong></em></p><p>M&#236;nh d&#7921; &#273;&#7883;nh vi&#7871;t &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#7863;n m&#7895;i tu&#7847;n m&#7897;t b&#224;i, ch&#7911; y&#7871;u xoay quanh h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u, gi&#7843;ng d&#7841;y TESOL, ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n ngh&#7873; nghi&#7879;p h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t v&#224; nh&#7919;ng ghi ch&#233;p c&#225; nh&#226;n v&#7873; &#273;&#7901;i s&#7889;ng &#273;&#7841;i h&#7885;c, th&#7881;nh tho&#7843;ng xen v&#224;o l&#224; nh&#7919;ng l&#225;t c&#7855;t nh&#7887; t&#7915; cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng gia &#273;&#236;nh. Ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; mi&#7877;n ph&#237; s&#7869; &#273;&#7885;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c to&#224;n b&#7897; c&#225;c b&#224;i vi&#7871;t ch&#237;nh v&#224; tham gia b&#236;nh lu&#7853;n, trao &#273;&#7893;i.</p><p>Sau n&#224;y, trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai n&#7871;u b&#7841;n ch&#7885;n &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; tr&#7843; m&#7897;t kho&#7843;n ph&#237; nh&#7887; xinh &#273;&#7875; &#7911;ng h&#7897; (ki&#7875;u nh&#432; m&#7901;i m&#236;nh m&#7897;t t&#225;ch cafe) BUY ME A COFFEE, b&#7841;n s&#7869; nh&#7853;n th&#234;m nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i vi&#7871;t chuy&#234;n s&#226;u h&#417;n (v&#7873; thi&#7871;t k&#7871; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u, x&#226;y d&#7921;ng b&#224;i gi&#7843;ng, reading list), t&#224;i nguy&#234;n m&#236;nh s&#7917; d&#7909;ng trong l&#7899;p h&#7885;c, c&#249;ng nh&#7919;ng chia s&#7867; h&#7853;u tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#7873; qu&#225; tr&#236;nh l&#224;m ngh&#7873;. D&#249; &#7903; l&#7841;i theo c&#225;ch n&#224;o, m&#236;nh v&#7851;n mong n&#417;i &#273;&#226;y gi&#7919; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7921; r&#245; r&#224;ng, &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#7863;n v&#224; &#273;&#225;ng tin c&#7853;y &#273;&#7875; ch&#250;ng ta c&#249;ng h&#7885;c h&#7887;i l&#226;u d&#224;i.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n th&#7845;y nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7873;u m&#236;nh vi&#7871;t c&#243; s&#7921; &#273;&#7891;ng &#273;i&#7879;u, &#273;&#7915;ng ng&#7841;i nh&#7845;n <strong>Subscribe</strong> &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7891;ng h&#224;nh l&#226;u d&#224;i nh&#233;. 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