Major studies and specialized tracking efforts have highlighted key figures across different fields. [2, 3]

## Health Disinformation (The "Disinformation Dozen")

In 2021, the [Center for Countering Digital Hate (CCDH)](https://counterhate.com/research/the-disinformation-dozen/) published a highly publicized report identifying twelve individuals responsible for up to 65% of anti-vaccine content shared on social media. The most prominent names frequently cited from that list include: [4, 5]

* Joseph Mercola: An alternative medicine practitioner noted for profiting from unproven health remedies.

* Robert F. Kennedy Jr.: A public figure who was repeatedly flagged or suspended by platforms for promoting debunked vaccine claims.

* Ty and Charlene Bollinger: Health influencers known for selling videos pushing conspiracy theories regarding medical systems.

* Sherri Tenpenny: An osteopathic physician who advanced widely debunked medical claims. [4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]

## Election and Political Misinformation

Academic groups and human rights organizations have isolated specific "superspreaders" who drove the highest interaction rates around voter and political narratives: [2]

* The Election Integrity Partnership (EIP): A [study from the EIP](https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/mar/05/election-misinformation-trump-rightwing-super-spreader-study) found that a small network of political accounts—including Donald Trump, Eric Trump, Donald Trump Jr., and conservative commentators like James O'Keefe—accounted for the vast majority of viral election-related falsehoods during the 2020 election cycle. [11]

* Avaaz: A report by Avaaz highlighted a group of media commentators and influencers, such as Dan Bongino, Mark Levin, and David J. Harris Jr., who generated a significant share of all Facebook interactions related to election fraud claims. [12]

## Social Media "Supersharers"

Data scientists and researchers tracking broad-spectrum political and cultural claims look at "supersharers"—accounts with outsized algorithmic reach. These lists change dynamically, but frequently analyze high-profile platform owners, political leaders, and media commentary channels with millions of followers. However, these designations remain highly controversial, and individuals labeled as disinformation spreaders regularly contest the claims and assert their rights to free speech. [2, 6, 11, 13, 14]

[1] [https://misinforeview.hks.harvard.edu](https://misinforeview.hks.harvard.edu/article/quantifying-the-misinformation-beat-38-years-of-coverage-in-major-u-s-daily-newspapers/)

[2] [https://www.nytimes.com](https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/23/technology/election-misinformation.html)

[3] [https://www.govtech.com](https://www.govtech.com/em/emergency-blogs/disaster-zone/the-disinformation-dozen)

[4] [https://counterhate.com](https://counterhate.com/research/disinformation-dozen-the-sequel/)

[5] [https://www.npr.org](https://www.npr.org/2021/05/13/996570855/disinformation-dozen-test-facebooks-twitters-ability-to-curb-vaccine-hoaxes)

[6] [https://www.codastory.com](https://www.codastory.com/disinformation/disinformation-research/)

[7] [https://www.youtube.com](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bymnnaw48Bc&t=16)

[8] [https://www.njspotlightnews.org](https://www.njspotlightnews.org/video/covid-19-vaccines-dont-magnetize-you-fighting-misinformation-on-social-media/)

[9] [https://www.bbc.com](https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-56536390)

[10] [https://www.politico.com](https://www.politico.com/newsletters/digital-future-daily/2025/10/30/do-the-disinformation-dozen-still-matter-00629795)

[11] [https://www.theguardian.com](https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/mar/05/election-misinformation-trump-rightwing-super-spreader-study)

[12] [https://www.nytimes.com](https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/23/technology/election-misinformation.html)

[13] [https://www.facebook.com](https://www.facebook.com/groups/msnbcnewsjunkies/posts/3360782837416903/)

[14] [https://www.instagram.com](https://www.instag

ram.com/reel/DNDvvtKAkBi/?hl=en)

The word Califas is a Spanish slang term primarily used by Chicanos (Mexican Americans) to refer to the state of [California](https://www.google.com/search?kgmid=/m/01n7q). It carries a cultural and political weight that emphasizes the region's deep history and identity long before modern international borders were established. [1, 2, 3, 4]

## Etymology and Origins

The term is deeply intertwined with the naming of the state itself, tracing back to the following roots:

* The Arabic Khalifa: The word likely derives from the Arabic khalifa (caliph), meaning "successor" or "leader". During the 700 years of Muslim rule in Spain, Arabic heavily influenced the Spanish language.

* Queen Calafia: Spanish explorers named California after a mythical island described in the 1510 novel Las Sergas de Esplandián. The novel features Queen Calafia, a powerful leader of a race of black women living in a terrestrial paradise. Her name is a Spanish variation of califa.

* Spanish Adaptation: When explorers first landed in Baja California, they believed it was the mythical island from the book and applied the name. [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13]

## Cultural Significance

For many in the Chicano movement, using "Califas" is a way to reclaim the state's heritage:

* Identity: It emphasizes a sense of pride and a connection to the land that predates the [Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo](https://nuestrostories.com/2025/02/why-do-some-chicanos-call-california-califas/) of 1848.

* Art and Social Movements: The term gained wider visibility in the 1960s through figures like Chicano artist [Eduardo Carrillo](https://artsandculture.google.com/story/califas-the-ancestral-journey-el-viaje-ancestral-museo-eduardo-carrillo/owVBRfmpTf-hLw?hl=en), who co-organized the 1982 conference "Califas: Chicano Art and Culture in California".

* Modern Usage: Today, it is used in music, art projects like the [Califas Legacy Project](http://voca.network/blog/2021/04/23/the-califas-legacy-project/), and everyday conversation to denote a specifically Chicano/Latino perspective of the state. [

When the lights go out

When she closes her eyes

When she looks in the mirror?

Does she think about me

In those idle moments

In the midst of crisis

In between the beats of her heart?

Does she think about me?

Would somebody please see that that orange motherfucker sees this? Please.

February 12, 2026

Dear David,

Thank you for reaching out about the plans to establish an ICE facility in Merrimack. Congresswoman Goodlander saw your message and wanted to make sure you know that she shares your concerns.

That’s why the Congresswoman joined the rest of the New Hampshire Congressional Delegation to demand that Secretary of Homeland Security Kristi Noem swiftly acknowledge and respond to concerns expressed by the Merrimack Town Council on the new center. You can read the full letter here.

The Congresswoman also wanted to make sure we shared her latest remarks on the plans:

“The Department of Homeland Security is moving forward to commandeer an industrial warehouse and use it to detain human beings in the state of New Hampshire.”

“When we first read reports of this possibility back in December, we sounded the alarm, because it was clear that local leaders in New Hampshire, that the people of New Hampshire, and that the United States Congress were being stonewalled and kept in the dark by Kristi Noem and the Department of Homeland Security.”

“That’s just not right. Public safety depends on public trust, and public trust depends on the basic transparency that the American people and people of our state deserve.”

“We’ve been working for weeks in good faith to get answers to basic questions about how your taxpayer dollars might be used — stonewalled at every turn, denied basic information. And now we know that these plans are moving forward and we need your voices to be heard.”

The Congresswoman is also leading legislation to rein in federal immigration enforcement, including:

The No Secret Police Act, which requires immigration enforcement officers to display identification during detentions or arrests and bans them from using home-made masks or face coverings.

The Stop Excessive Force in Immigration Act, which establishes a stronger standard for federal immigration agents’ use of force and standardizes body and vehicle camera usage.

The PUBLIC SAFETY Act, which redirects almost $75 billion in funding from increased ICE funding to local law enforcement programs that keep our communities safe.

It truly means the world to her to hear from Granite Staters who care so deeply about immigrants and their communities. Thank you again for taking the time to add your voice to this important discussion.

Sincer

ely,

Team Goodlander

image

Please be advised that NOTHING is more important than uncovering the whole truth about the current administration and their ties and/or participation in the Epstein pedo trafficking ring. The budget is immaterial, the bridge to Canada doesn't matter. None of it means anything as long as trump and his cabinet remain in control. The future for our children depend on all of you dropping everything and putting all your focus into this one thing.

Thank you for your attention to this matter! Let's together, really make America great again, for all Americans. Show the world what it really is that America stands for. Equality and diversity.

How long since I felt

How long till I die

Will dying make me feel?

What will I feel when I'm dead?

What will I see?

What will I remember?

It's all been pushed so deep

Will I want to see?

Will I want to remember?

Emptiness forced out front

Filled with anger

Filled with hate

Longtime friends,

Comforting, safe

They say they'll be there

They promised, till the end

Who's next?, I ask

To commit to me

Then walk away

When things get tough

Which one will stay?

The fuck!, I say, not one!

Will dying make me feel?

Who's next?, I plead

More anger?

More hate?

We'll be there,

They promised again

Then, what if? I wonder

Dying is so permanent

How many 'what if's'

Am I supposed to ask?

Will 'the one' appear next?

Is it a dream to keep death at bay?

How much waiting is too much?

Emptiness, anger and hate

My long-time friends

How long since I cried.