<script data-pm-proxy="intercept"></script><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" version="2.0" xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:googleplay="http://www.google.com/schemas/play-podcasts/1.0"><channel><title><![CDATA[Martin Bella]]></title><description><![CDATA[Former pro sports, Physiotherapist, Farmer, Elected Representative. Lots more, never only had one job in my life. Believe that good and evil come in all races, religions, sexualities etc. ]]></description><link>https://martinbella1.substack.com</link><image><url>https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dL07!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94ae2ee3-5f98-4f37-a232-e09c92ed1c2f_927x927.jpeg</url><title>Martin Bella</title><link>https://martinbella1.substack.com</link></image><generator>Substack</generator><lastBuildDate>Tue, 01 Sep 2026 17:29:57 GMT</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="/__u/martinbella1.substack.com/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><copyright><![CDATA[Martin Bella]]></copyright><language><![CDATA[en]]></language><webMaster><![CDATA[martinbella1@substack.com]]></webMaster><itunes:owner><itunes:email><![CDATA[martinbella1@substack.com]]></itunes:email><itunes:name><![CDATA[Martin Bella]]></itunes:name></itunes:owner><itunes:author><![CDATA[Martin Bella]]></itunes:author><googleplay:owner><![CDATA[martinbella1@substack.com]]></googleplay:owner><googleplay:email><![CDATA[martinbella1@substack.com]]></googleplay:email><googleplay:author><![CDATA[Martin Bella]]></googleplay:author><itunes:block><![CDATA[Yes]]></itunes:block><item><title><![CDATA[COULDN’T RATTLE A TIN WITH A PEBBLE IN IT !]]></title><link>https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/couldnt-rattle-a-tin-with-a-pebble</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/couldnt-rattle-a-tin-with-a-pebble</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Martin Bella]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 31 Aug 2026 07:54:44 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.substack.com/feed/podcast/213511776/ba36e367dc1873467fcf33f082572ec1.mp3" length="0" type="audio/mpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[DISGUSTING BEYOND WORDS]]></title><description><![CDATA[My friend and colleague the Gherkin wrote and posted another of his deeply thought out missives today regarding yesterday&#8217;s freedom March.]]></description><link>https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/disgusting-beyond-words</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/disgusting-beyond-words</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Martin Bella]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 31 Aug 2026 07:46:43 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dL07!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94ae2ee3-5f98-4f37-a232-e09c92ed1c2f_927x927.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span>My friend and colleague the Gherkin wrote and posted another of his deeply thought out missives today regarding yesterday&#8217;s freedom March.</span></p><p><span>More correctly, he posted a bout a member of the now banned &#8220;National Socialist Network&#8221; being given a plarform at one of these events.</span></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://martinbella1.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">This Substack is reader-supported. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p><span>Don&#8217;t let the word &#8220;Socialist&#8221; fool you &#8211; these guys were Nazis through and through.</span></p><p><span>Now Joel Davis was a senior figure in this organization and has said that HE DOES NOT CARE WHAT THE LAW SAYS BUT A 14 YEAR OLD GIRL SHOULD BE ABLE TO MARRY AN ADULT MALE IF HER FATHER OKAYS IT !</span></p><p><span>I wrote it in capitals so you did not miss it.</span></p><p><span>This is pretty much straight out of the &#8220;Rock spiders manual&#8221;.</span></p><p><span>Do a deal with Dad then get the little girl as a plaything.</span></p><p><span>If this does not sicken you then I would say you have something truly broken inside.</span></p><p><span>But some people did not see this that way.</span></p><p><span>The number of commenters that made excuses, that claimed if it was good enough for one religion well why not all.</span></p><p><span>That claimed histrionically questioned why Gherkin did not call out Muslims and &#8220;Sharia Law&#8221;</span></p><p><span>So let&#8217;s explore this a little.</span></p><p><span>Firstly, it is Sharia.</span></p><p><span>Just Sharia.</span></p><p><span>No law.</span></p><p><span>Secondly, bad people are within every religion and denomination to be found &#8211; you don&#8217;t have to look very far.</span></p><p><span>Thirdly, anyone that does not immediately denounce this without using it to debate their own biases, IS A FUCKING PATHETIC GRUB !</span></p><p><span>I wrote that in capitals so you did not miss it.</span></p><p><span>Just so you know, peadophilia is endemic in ALL populations to a greater or lesser degree.</span></p><p><span>Now just to give context, child marriage is legal in 33 US states, with only 17 states banning child marriage in any circumstance.</span></p><p><span>Between the year 2000 and 2021, 315000 minors were legally married in the USA, 86% of those were young girls marrying an adult male.</span></p><p><span>So how is that for perspective eh?</span></p><p><span>Kinda sobering in my book.</span></p><p><span>So lets stop whatabouting.</span></p><p><span>Let&#8217;s just call out disgusting evil behaviour wherever it is found.</span></p><p><span>Let&#8217;s call out the perpetrators AND their facilitators no matter their colour or religion.</span></p><p><span>To not do so is acceptance of the unconscionable for ones own ends be whatever they are.</span></p><p><span>Just another sobering thought.</span></p><p><span>For every man that marries a child with the father&#8217;s permission, there is a fucking Father that is disgusting beyond redemption !</span></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://martinbella1.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">This Substack is reader-supported. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Brine & Biff - Live Chat]]></title><description><![CDATA[A recording from Martin Bella and Snarky Gherkin (The Gherk)'s live video]]></description><link>https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/brine-and-biff-live-chat</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/brine-and-biff-live-chat</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Martin Bella]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 30 Aug 2026 12:58:17 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.substack.com/feed/podcast/213394589/e731165d40fd08d4ae8372cf6d5f337f.mp3" length="0" type="audio/mpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="install-substack-app-embed install-substack-app-embed-web" data-component-name="InstallSubstackAppToDOM"><img class="install-substack-app-embed-img" src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dL07!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94ae2ee3-5f98-4f37-a232-e09c92ed1c2f_927x927.jpeg"><div class="install-substack-app-embed-text"><div class="install-substack-app-header">Get more from Martin Bella in the Substack app</div><div class="install-substack-app-text">Available for iOS and Android</div></div><a href="/__u/substack.com/app/app-store-redirect?utm_campaign=app-marketing&amp;utm_content=author-post-insert&amp;utm_source=martinbella1" target="_blank" class="install-substack-app-embed-link"><button class="install-substack-app-embed-btn button primary">Get the app</button></a></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[CHICKEN POX AND SHINGLES]]></title><description><![CDATA[No fun at all]]></description><link>https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/chicken-pox-and-shingles</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/chicken-pox-and-shingles</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Martin Bella]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 28 Aug 2026 23:23:53 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dL07!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94ae2ee3-5f98-4f37-a232-e09c92ed1c2f_927x927.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span>Let&#8217;s talk about a lifetime of Chicken Pox !</span></p><p><span>A lifetime ?</span></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://martinbella1.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">This Substack is reader-supported. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p><span>Yep that&#8217;s right.</span></p><p><span>Once you have it you&#8217;ve got it for good.</span></p><p><span>Kinda like herpes.</span></p><p><span>That&#8217;s because it is in the same family as the other herpes viruses we know and love !</span></p><p><span>Now Chicken pox can ruin a life before someone is even born.</span></p><p><span>If a pregnant woman catches CP it can be passed on to the foetus and can cause developmental issues such as underdeveloped limbs, scarring, microcephaly and permanent vision impairment.</span></p><p><span>Not a great start at all really</span></p><p><span>How can we avoid this&#8230;&#8230; Vaccinate !</span></p><p><span>CP is highly contagious mainly through bodily fluids.</span></p><p><span>Prior to vaccination Australia reported about 240000 cases per year, 1500 hospitalisations, and 1 death per 60000.</span></p><p><span>Since vaccination began in 2005 no deaths have been recorded.</span></p><p><span>Again&#8230;&#8230; Vaccinate !</span></p><p><span>But now for the good bit&#8230;.. well&#8230;. Not really.</span></p><p><span>CP never leaves.</span></p><p><span>It retreats to the dorsal root ganglion of your nervous system.</span></p><p><span>There it resides until much later when it emerges as, you guess it, SHINGLES.</span></p><p><span>Now shingles is just bloody nasty.</span></p><p><span>Now take it from me, and I only had a mild case, it is bloody awful.</span></p><p><span>It manifests in a dermatomal distribution, that is, whichever level of doral root ganglion gets stirred up, shingles will appear on the area of skin that that nerve supplies.</span></p><p><span>This is why it usually appears in bands around one side of the body.</span></p><p><span>Shingles occurs in up to one third of the population that had CP earlier in life.</span></p><p><span>I will not go into the side effects, suffice to say that apart from prolonged pain there can be vision loss and severe neurological effects.</span></p><p><span>So&#8230;&#8230;. If I was not vaccinated for CP and caught it as a kid, how do I avoid Shingles&#8230;. Or Herpes Zoster as I like to call it ?</span></p><p><span>Vaccinate !</span></p><p><span>I have had my first dose 3 months ago and am due for my second about now.</span></p><p><span>Shingrix is free over 65 years of age and younger for susceptible groups.</span></p><p><span>I paid the $300 and a bit, to get it early simply for the reason that I most definitely DO NOT want to go through it again even though it is unlikely.</span></p><p><span>While the pain is indeed a worry, for me the risk of dysfunction as an after effect is quite scary.</span></p><p><span>It is plain simple fact that as we age we suffer decreased function.</span></p><p><span>For me, anything that can decrease the rate and chance of dysfunstion is worth it in spades.</span></p><p><span>I will restate what has been said by many far smarter than I&#8230;&#8230;</span></p><p><span>Vaccination is the greatest human health advance in history.</span></p><p><span>You would be mad not to take advantage of it.</span></p><p><span>Everything in life carries risk &#8211; even vaccination.</span></p><p><span>Those risks are far far lower than the consequences of the diseases vaccination prevent or mitigate.</span></p><p><span>Some see vaccination as Russian roulette, but for me better to play with 100000 empty chambers and one full than the other way round !</span></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://martinbella1.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">This Substack is reader-supported. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[THE GOOSE]]></title><description><![CDATA[By now we are all aware that Canada and Mark Carney pretty much told America and The Great Shitstain to go fuck themselves with regard to a trade deal.]]></description><link>https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/the-goose</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/the-goose</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Martin Bella]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 27 Aug 2026 23:15:46 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dL07!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94ae2ee3-5f98-4f37-a232-e09c92ed1c2f_927x927.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>By now we are all aware that Canada and Mark Carney pretty much told America and The Great Shitstain to go fuck themselves with regard to a trade deal.</p><p>Having seen some of the demands made by Shitstain, my hands are stinging from applauding the Canucks.</p><p>The continual threat of annexing Canada, saying they wanted the benefits of being and American state is so detached from reality it is hilarious.</p><p>Canadian standard of living is higher in every metric you care to dream up.</p><p>The fact that the Usa is a massive destination for American products is not lost on me.</p><p>To do so without an ace up the sleeve would be somewhat foolish.</p><p>Carney is far from foolish.</p><p>He has been building and strengthening links around the world since his arse hit Prime Ministerial leather.</p><p>While replacing the American market in it&#8217;s entirety will be extremely difficult, the fact stands that ultimately Carney&#8217;s Canucks have what America needs.</p><p>It is as simple as that.</p><p>Carney entered negotiations with strategy and purpose.</p><p>Shitstain&#8217;s mob, with hubris and no fucking idea.</p><p>The contrast is laughable.</p><p>Carney&#8217;s economic credentials, and professional history are difficult to read because of the glare cast by the many highlights.</p><p>Shitstain&#8217;s rabble were qualified in nothing more than being Arse lickers extraordinaire.</p><p>It was like watching a renaissance painter watching a kindergarden class walk in with crayons&#8230;&#8230;&#8230; and then eating them.</p><p>So what was Shitstain&#8217;s mature and measured diplomatic response ?</p><p>He threw a tantrum.</p><p>Again threatening Canada&#8217;s sovereignty &#8211; great for garnering respect and trust eh &#8211; he then went on to do really impressive things like threaten to rename a lake.</p><p>Worked well with the Gulf of Mexico &#8211; which by the way is what the whole fucking world still calls it you fucking MAGA cretins !</p><p>But best of all was the release of a Bald Eagle, the symbol of America, supposedly defeating a Canada Goose on the ice.</p><p>Oh how to make a fucking goose of yourself.</p><p>Firstly, just so you know, there are 4 other types of eagle that are larger than the Bald Eagle &#8211; just saying &#8211; not exactly premier.</p><p>It is however a beautiful bird and in my opinion a great symbol, however this was so fucking ridiculous that I can hear Canadian laughter from here.</p><p>Why?</p><p>Well the video that the image was taken from, runs for 20 minutes.</p><p>The eagle attacks, the goose fights back.</p><p>For 20 minutes the eagle tries to think of a way to win and fails.</p><p>It has not got a fucking clue.</p><p>Fails and flies away.</p><p>Credibility gone.</p><p>Totally exhausted.</p><p>Beaten by a goose that it attacked.</p><p>Can anyone see where I am going with this ?</p><p>Yes, you could apply this to Canada, but there is a far more apt example.</p><p>Fucking Iran.</p><p>The USA attacked Iran with no warning.</p><p>It has fucked around with no plan.</p><p>None.</p><p>It pretty much thought, &#8220;I am an eagle, you are a goose cop this&#8221;</p><p>Iran replied, &#8220;do your worst pretty boy, waste your energy, flap, squawk, and dance around, and at the end we will still be here and you will have to fly away.&#8221;</p><p>That is how it is going to end.</p><p>At some point, having gained sweet fuck all, and made life a misery for most of the world, Shitstain will have to fly back to his perch, having lost a shit ton of feathers.</p><p>He will fire off about a thousand social media post about claiming victory, his gaggle of sycophants will give his incontinent arse a good licking, and he will go on being the biggest joke on the planet.</p><p>Any American that does not turn out in the Midterm elections to further pluck this moron&#8217;s feathers is beneath contempt.</p><p>What is always at front of mind for me, is that this utter fuckwit has the nuclear codes, and any decent sensible person that may have curbed him has been purged.</p><p>This festering mass of rancid corruption has the ability to end life on this planet as we know it.</p><p>I am not being dramatic.</p><p>I am merely reminding everyone of an extremely uncomfortable truth that we have ignored because it is too horrific to contemplate.</p><p>I fear that Shitstain will never face consequences for his actions as death will give him an exit.</p><p>If however, the people of the USA do not hold each and every one of his enablers to account, and do not change their system so that this can never happen again, they will be Pariahs for a long time to come.</p><p>So to the citizens of the USA&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;</p><p>THE WORLD IS WATCHING YOU !</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[RELIGIOUS DOES NOT MEAN GOODNESS]]></title><description><![CDATA[Despite being brought up as a catholic of Italian persuasion, I have a huge problem with organised religion.]]></description><link>https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/religious-does-not-mean-goodness</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/religious-does-not-mean-goodness</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Martin Bella]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 26 Aug 2026 20:52:59 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dL07!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94ae2ee3-5f98-4f37-a232-e09c92ed1c2f_927x927.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Despite being brought up as a catholic of Italian persuasion, I have a huge problem with organised religion.</p><p>I believe that the essence of good is the inclusion of all despite difference and the recognition of evil in all it&#8217;s many forms.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://martinbella1.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">This Substack is reader-supported. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p>This is definitely NOT the way of &#8220;religion&#8221;.</p><p>Religion is always exclusive.</p><p>I saw it even within churches and denominations.</p><p>The &#8220;good&#8221; people who sat at the front of the church making a bigger display than a shipload of randy peacocks, and looked down on others in the same congregation were the prime examples.</p><p>The way denominations then regarded others as &#8220;less&#8221; or &#8220;misguided&#8221;, the restrictions placed on any interdenominational activity including marriage was hardly in the spirit of the very &#8220;Christianity&#8221; they espoused.</p><p>Then we had the delineation between faiths.</p><p>Christianity, Islam, Hindu etc, all of whom in varying ways and times treated those of differing faiths abominably.</p><p>The concept of &#8220;goodness&#8221; to all has NEVER been a part of religion.</p><p>Why ?</p><p>Because religion is a vessel created by man generally for the control of other men and the exclusion of still more.</p><p>True goodness can be seen in many places.</p><p>Those striving, failing, yet striving again to be the best they can in the ways of true goodness can be seen in all walks and facets of society.</p><p>It is not exclusive to religion, faith, sect, cult, colour, race, etc.</p><p>This is the same for evil.</p><p>It is only when those members of any group welcome every and all, question the ultimate objective of the actions of whatever group they are a part of, and analyse the response in the light of how well it achieves the aim of true inclusion and goodness, will any religion be worth the breath taken to sing its psalms. </p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://martinbella1.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">This Substack is reader-supported. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[MALCOM AT HIS WORST]]></title><description><![CDATA[Let me start this with a statement that I believe is the core of real leadership.]]></description><link>https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/malcom-at-his-worst</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/malcom-at-his-worst</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Martin Bella]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 26 Aug 2026 20:50:12 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dL07!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94ae2ee3-5f98-4f37-a232-e09c92ed1c2f_927x927.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span>Let me start this with a statement that I believe is the core of real leadership.</span></p><p><span>&#8220;Good leaders unite&#8221;</span></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://martinbella1.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">This Substack is reader-supported. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p><span>They bring people together, by highlighting the essence of humanity is&#8230;&#8230;. Well, our humanity.</span></p><p><span>Everything apart from that is merely an interesting aside.</span></p><p><span>It is an aside we can remark upon, marvel at, appreciate, but never be a reason to treat others as inferior or indeed superior.</span></p><p><span>This is one of the reason that I find ONE NATION such a disgrace.</span></p><p><span>The whole One Nation closet is chock full of division.</span></p><p><span>Colour, creed, sexuality, are all just tools akin to crowbars for these rancid populists to use to lever society asunder.</span></p><p><span>Indeed, what sort of aspiring leader in a democratic system DOES NOT PRACTICE DEMOCRACY WITHIN ?</span></p><p><span>Leader for life.</span></p><p><span>Nepotistic succession.</span></p><p><span>Total financial control.</span></p><p><span>No election for office bearers.</span></p><p><span>No preselection for candidates.</span></p><p><span>Banning of media.</span></p><p><span>Failure to financially report.</span></p><p><span>And my special favourite &#8211; gagging of candidates and party branches.</span></p><p><span>I will at this point urge anyone of the One Nation sycophants that will launch into a foam flecked rage at this missive, to &#8220;please explain&#8221; how the above points are conducive to democracy&#8230;&#8230;&#8230; I dare them.</span></p><p><span>I digress.</span></p><p><span>In June, at the &#8220;Church and State&#8221; conference &#8211; I must say my blood runs cold when I see those two words in the same sentence &#8211; Malcom Roberts, One Nation Minister for all things conspiracy, stated he did not think that people whom are gay should be regarded as equal.</span></p><p><span>He went on to say that he did not think it was possible to &#8220;ban them&#8221;.</span></p><p><span>To even raise those points is disgusting to the Nth degree.</span></p><p><span>Targeted state sponsored discrimination, banning of human beings, these are things that should never need consideration because they should be viewed as evil AND impossible as every decent person should be adamantly and definitively denouncing this.</span></p><p><span>It get murkier when you look at One Nation&#8217;s claim via Barnaby Joyce, to be the &#8220;gayest party in Australia&#8221;.</span></p><p><span>When you consider that there are a couple of people whom are openly gay, probably a couple of others in the closet of grievance, and if scuttlebutt is to be believed at least one prominent individual having &#8220;walked on the wild side, there are indeed questions as to where this is coming from.</span></p><p><span>Which comes to the point of this article.</span></p><p><span>There is one thing far mor dangerous and evil than blatant bigotry.</span></p><p><span>That thing is unfettered ambition, manifesting in an all out effort to take advantage of the bigotry of sections of the populace and exploit it for political gain.</span></p><p><span>While Roberts might not be actually guilty of this &#8211; he is just your garden variety bigoted nutjob &#8211; Others in this party most certainly are.</span></p><p><span>Good and evil should not be judged on anything other than actions and words.</span></p><p><span>For anyone &#8211; especially those whom aspire to office -to not accept that basic truth, is worrying in the worst way.</span></p><p><span>I have seen the best and worst of religion.</span></p><p><span>I have seen the best and worst of politics.</span></p><p><span>I have seen the best and worst of humans.</span></p><p><span>Combine the worst of all three in the pursuit of power and ultimately innocent people will pay the ultimate price.</span></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://martinbella1.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">This Substack is reader-supported. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[LETS TALK ABOUT MEASLES]]></title><description><![CDATA[Measles is not harmless.]]></description><link>https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/lets-talk-about-measles</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/lets-talk-about-measles</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Martin Bella]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 26 Aug 2026 05:52:10 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dL07!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94ae2ee3-5f98-4f37-a232-e09c92ed1c2f_927x927.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Measles is not harmless.</p><p>Measles are making a comeback due to low immunization rates and it will hurt a lot of people.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://martinbella1.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">This Substack is reader-supported. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p>In the USA there have been 2777 confirmed cases in the last two years of a disease that had been essentially eradicated for 3 decades.</p><p>There have been 5 deaths.</p><p>So I would like you to meet Mr Measles.</p><p>He is the most contagious virus known to medicine.</p><p>Usually he will resolve in about 10 days but all is not usual for about a third of those who catch him.</p><p>The first things people suffer with are the 3 c&#8217;s, cough, coryza (runny nose), and conjunctivitis.</p><p>High fever and koplick spots &#8211; small white spots in the mouth on about day 2 -<span> </span>and a non itchy rash come with the territory.</p><p>Nothing to worry about yet eh ?</p><p>Well NO.</p><p>1 in 10 can develop an ear infection causing severe pain and possibly permanent hearing damage.</p><p>1 in 10 develop diarrhea possibly leading to severe dehydration and the complications associated with that.</p><p>Many also develop respiratory infections, swelling of the airways, bronchitis croup and laryngitis.</p><p>So you are still not overly concerned ?</p><p>You should be.</p><p>It gets much worse.</p><p>Kids under 5 and adults over 20 face a high risk of neurological and respiratory complications</p><p>Pneumonia at a rate of 1 in 20 which can take very long recovery times and in some cases leave permanent damage.</p><p>Acute Encephalitis occurs in 1 in 1000 cases leading to convulsions, permanent intellectual disability and deafness.</p><p>Pregnant women risk premature births, low birth weights, miscarriage, and even maternal death in some cases.</p><p>Two of the long term effects are &#8220;Immune amnesia&#8221;, where the immune system memory cells are wiped leaving high susceptibility to other pathogens.</p><p>Last but not least, your visitor could leave you with SSPE &#8211; subacute sclerosing Panencephalitis, a rare but always fatal degenerative disease of the central nervous system developing 7 to 10 years after the event.</p><p>All in all, Mr Measles kills up to 3 in every 1000 it infects.</p><p>It does not sound too bad unless you are or know one of the 3 !!!</p><p>Lets put it in perspective.</p><p>If you went to a sports stadium with 60 000 other people and 3 per thousand died and were left there as you departed, it would mean 180 dead bodies left there.</p><p>Further perspective, if the average rugby league team is 17 players, that is the equivalent of seeing the equivalent of 10.6 teams lying dead on the grass.</p><p>That is 3/5 of the NRL competition wiped out.</p><p>If you find this graphic &#8230;&#8230; you need to !</p><p>Remember the ones with the neurological damage ? the ones that survive but are permanently disabled for life ?</p><p>Don&#8217;t be a complete dick&#8230;&#8230; get vaccinated&#8230;&#8230;. Get those you care for vaccinated !</p><p>If you don&#8217;t, their death or disability may be your responsibility.</p><p>Is their life less important than your beliefs gained from some charlatan on facebook trying to sell alternative snake oil ?</p><p>I suppose ultimately it is up to you really !</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://martinbella1.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">This Substack is reader-supported. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[A TALE OF 3 MEN]]></title><description><![CDATA[Let me tell you a story about 2 heroes and a coward.]]></description><link>https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/a-tale-of-3-men</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/a-tale-of-3-men</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Martin Bella]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 25 Aug 2026 06:14:00 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dL07!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94ae2ee3-5f98-4f37-a232-e09c92ed1c2f_927x927.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p></p><p>Let me tell you a story about 2 heroes and a coward.</p><p>The first is a man who flew 24 missions in Vietnam.</p><p>On his last mission, a missile struck and he sustained breaks to both arms and a leg.</p><p>He was then taken prisoner, which was particularly horrific due to his injuries.</p><p>He spent 5 years in the &#8220;Hanoi Hilton&#8221;, of which 2 were in solitary confinement.</p><p>Due to his father being the admiral commanding all US forces in the theatre, he was of particular value to his captors and suffered significant torture.</p><p>For this same reason he was used as a political pawn, and was offered early release as a bargaining tool.</p><p>This he refused despite his situation as this would violate the military code of conduct as release should be in order of capture.</p><p>He was awarded a Silver Star, Legion of Honor, Purple Heart, and Distinguished Flying Cross.</p><p>A destroyer was named after his Grandfather, Father and himself in honour of their service.</p><p>Next was a man born the third of four sons in Texas in 1919.</p><p>Growing up poor, and gaining little education he enlisted as a Mess Attendant third class in the US navy.</p><p>This was one of the few openings available to a black man prior to WW2.</p><p>On the morning of Dec 7 1941, he had served breakfast and was doing laundry duties when the Japanese struck.</p><p>The details of the events are fascinating and I suggest you research them, but for now I will sumarise.</p><p>There were many acts of selfless bravery that day.</p><p>This man dragged wounded sailors to safety including his commander.</p><p>He then manned a 50 calibre Machine that he had never been trained to use.</p><p>This is when a man regarded as almost sub human, to use a phrase I have always loved, stood up on his hind legs and fought.</p><p>He fought despite those he fought for having no respect for him and his lineage.</p><p>He fought because of hope &#8211; he hoped that one day his actions would advance the cause of his people.</p><p>He is reputed to have brought down &#8230;&#8230; officially one, unofficially 4 to 6 enemy fighters &#8230;&#8230; each of which had killed and would have continued to kill if not for his actions.</p><p>He then waded through filth and oil dragging survivors to safety.</p><p>Having won the Navy Cross he continued to serve until he was killed along with 701 others on his ship when a torpedo ignited the munitions on board his ship.</p><p>He was 24.</p><p>Nominated for the Medal of Honor, but this was refused by the Secretary of the Navy Frank Knox &#8211; a man whom did not want black servicemen in the navy.</p><p>This man was to have an Aircraft carrier named after him to recognise his courage and undoubted contribution.</p><p>Now lets talk about another man.</p><p>This man was born with a silver spoon in his mouth.</p><p>He dodged the draft for Vietnam on no less than 5 occasions.</p><p>He has lied, cheated, been convicted of felonies, rape, and is detestable in every way.</p><p>He is vain, ignorant, boorish, and should we ever see a certain set of files will almost certainly star.</p><p>Now one of these men wanted the ship named after another moved out of sight when he visited a naval yard as it may have offended him.</p><p>The same man has ordered a new Aircraft character named after another of these three men to have its name changed to his.</p><p>I will give you the names of all three men.</p><p>I will leave it to you to decide who were the heroes&#8230;&#8230;.. and who is the most grossly detestable, cowardly piece of shit of all time.</p><p>I will also leave you to ponder the collapse of a once great nation !</p><p>JOHN McCAIN, DORIS MILLER, DONALD TRUMP.</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[CHARLEY TAKES A DIFFERENT ROUTE]]></title><description><![CDATA[It appears that &#8220;Charlie Farley&#8221; has upset Boss Pelican.]]></description><link>https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/charley-takes-a-different-route</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/charley-takes-a-different-route</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Martin Bella]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 23 Aug 2026 07:51:16 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dL07!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94ae2ee3-5f98-4f37-a232-e09c92ed1c2f_927x927.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span>It appears that &#8220;Charlie Farley&#8221; has upset Boss Pelican.</span></p><p><span>Now we all know that she has gagged all candidates and branches from speaking publicly without her approval.</span></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://martinbella1.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">This Substack is reader-supported. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p><span>We have seen the Pelican candidate for Secret Harbour, chicken out on an informal debate with another candidate&#8230;. ( can pelicans chicken ? )</span></p><p><span>So it seems that Charley never got the memo, OR, he got it and his own hide means more to him than his boss&#8217;s orders.</span></p><p><span>After a bit of a dive into his background, it is quite apparent that Charley collects feathers.</span></p><p><span>The soft downy ones that are best to line a nest with.</span></p><p><span>Even during the By Election he wandered off script &#8211; not because he did not know it &#8211; but because he knew that the Pelican stance on migration would completely scupper his chance of obtaining some easy feathers.</span></p><p><span>Myself and other predicted one of two things, either he would leave the party, or, they would have to &#8220;stretch&#8221; to accommodate.</span></p><p><span>It appears the stretching is underway, although the question is when the snap occurs.</span></p><p><span>Charley has done two rather unforgiveable things for a pelican.</span></p><p><span>Firstly, he thanked and congratulated the prime minister&#8230;&#8230;.. Pelican sacrilege !</span></p><p><span>Secondly, he has gone on record as saying that the migration figures would need to be much higher than the approved Pelican level, probably higher than Labor&#8217;s level&#8230;&#8230;. Pelican Heresy !</span></p><p><span>Charley knows that without foreign students, regional universities would close, without PALM workers ( pacific Australia labour mobility scheme), agriculture and processing industries would collapse, and without backpackers small businesses in regional towns would disappear.</span></p><p><span>He know that if this were to occur he would have as much chance of re-election as a &#8230;&#8230;&#8230;. Pelican in a bird flu epidemic.</span></p><p><span>Now Boss Pelican is not impressed.</span></p><p><span>She is incredibly cranky after all those late nights trying to get the financial papers in order for the final deadline the Office of Fair Trading handed out after they were 3 years overdue.</span></p><p><span>Thus Charley&#8217;s meandering off track incensed her and she publicly corrected him.</span></p><p><span>What is at the root of all of this is that this mob do not actually have a clue as to the different migration streams, and their impacts, and their necessity.</span></p><p><span>They cannot tell their NOM from their PM, MP, or HP.</span></p><p><span>This is what comes from merely saying whatever has populist appeal to the flock, without trying to gain an understanding of the issues at play.</span></p><p><span>There is a massive difference between preaching to the choir and actually running the diocese.</span></p><p><span>Boss pelican does not possess the personal wherewithal, nor the Big Birds around her to work it out for her.</span></p><p><span>The other problem is that this is most definitely a personality cult.</span></p><p><span>She is President for life.</span></p><p><span>She has complete control of finances.</span></p><p><span>There are NO internal elections for office bearers nor pre selections.</span></p><p><span>She alone chooses her successor &#8211; her daughter.</span></p><p><span>Most of all, she is pretty much a sock pocket for the big dollars currently acting as the wind beneath her wings.</span></p><p><span>This is the reason she has avoided any form of deep inquiry on any issue &#8230;&#8230;.. because beneath the loudly Squarked populist mantra, lies a gaping void of any true understanding of the complexities of&#8230;&#8230;.. well just about anything.</span></p><p><span>The upshot of all of this is that the media will target those that are placed in the untenable spot of protecting their job or towing the party line.</span></p><p><span>I predict that there will be a couple of noises we will be best getting used to.</span></p><p><span>Not the outraged Squark of the Boss Pelican and the loyal pelican cult, but rather the sound of stretching, snapping, and exit doors slamming.</span></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://martinbella1.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">This Substack is reader-supported. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[COMMON SENSE IS JUST AS COMMON IN THE EDUCATED.]]></title><description><![CDATA[Every time I post about the Pelican&#8217;s lack of education, some one gets their knickers in a twist about how I should not because lots of people were like that and it does not make them stupid.]]></description><link>https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/common-sense-is-just-as-common-in</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/common-sense-is-just-as-common-in</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Martin Bella]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 23 Aug 2026 03:07:45 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dL07!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94ae2ee3-5f98-4f37-a232-e09c92ed1c2f_927x927.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Every time I post about the Pelican&#8217;s lack of education, some one gets their knickers in a twist about how I should not because lots of people were like that and it does not make them stupid.</p><p>I entirely agree, but Pelican is !</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://martinbella1.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">This Substack is reader-supported. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p>I am not actually having a go at the lack of education per se, but I am indeed having a go at a number of other things.</p><p>Lets deal with the Pelican matters first.</p><p>It is her scorn and derision toward people whoma are better educated that is especially galling.</p><p>She criticises, carps and moans and yet shows a complete lack of the most basic literacy and numeracy skills combined with the self awareness of the average blowfly.</p><p>There is pretty much no occupation or education stream she has not denigrated.</p><p>Anyone in her situation, with similar aspiration and similar income would have undertaken studies such as economics etc to increase understanding &#8211; she has not !</p><p>Generally there is a belief by a certain section that the much vaunted &#8220;common sense&#8221; is all that is needed and for some reason they postulate that this only resides within the cohort lacking academic achievement.</p><p>There are definitely people for whom the opportunity to pursue education was not available.</p><p>There are also many who eschewed furthering their education for no other reason than they could not be bothered.</p><p>Please enlighten me how this displays common sense in any form whatsoever?</p><p>I would ask, how many major medical, scientific, engineering advances to name a few, were made by those with solely a dose of common sense but a dearth of education ?</p><p>The inability to recognise that awareness of pertinent circumstance ( a far better term than common sense ) resides in ALL echelons of society in greater or lesser degree and is often magnified a thousand fold with a basic foundation of knowledge gained through formal study.</p><p>Would you entrust your next heart surgery to someone with common sense only, or to someone that spent the many many years of study and practice to achieve surgical excellence?</p><p>Again I say, I am not belittling the lack of education of individuals.</p><p>I am however calling out the bullshit belief that education is worthless.</p><p>Now to my personal perspective.</p><p>I am continually attacked as being &#8220;only a washed up footballer&#8221;</p><p>This is untrue in so many ways.</p><p>I retired from professional Rugby League while still playing at elite level.</p><p>That is aging, not laundry.</p><p>I am also accused of having had it easy.</p><p>I acknowledge that many had it far tougher.</p><p>My own father only completed year 7 education before leaving to run a farm.</p><p>He did however read extensively throughout his life and has handwriting that would make angels weep.</p><p>So my education ?</p><p>I finished year 12 in the top percent of the state.</p><p>I studied for my final exams, sitting in a landcruiser cab using the little light behind head and getting out to take readings of bores we were test pumping.</p><p>The mossies were a delight I must say &#8211; a valuable study aid !</p><p>I applied to study engineering at UQ, however my Grandfather was suffering from cancer, so I deferred my study and worked his farm for the next year.</p><p>I moved to Brisbane on a contract for Easts Tigers, and tried to undertake an Accounting degree but soon realised that the pressures of training, playing, and working to support myself were too much thus I withdrew from the course.</p><p>I will say at this point that ALL my education was self funded, tuition, texts, travel, etc.</p><p>After 3 years I moved to Sydney and undertook my Physiotherapy degree.</p><p>This was around 30 plus contact hours a week and required an hour commute by train or car.</p><p>I was newly married and was trying to pay for a unit during a time when interest rates hit 18% - fortunately I had fixed at 13.5.</p><p>I was working 2 jobs, training was pretty intense and the money for playing was very little and only paid at the end of the year.</p><p>I would head to Uni for the day, then back to training, I would go to work after training, do a gym session in my break, get home after midnight, get up early to do my own fitness work.</p><p>My weekend were a little different.</p><p>I would work from 6 am till about 2pm, often I would then go to wherever I had Backyard maintenance jobs to do, head home, shower dress and go to a bouncing job starting at 7 pm. We would finish at anywhere between 3 and 5am depending on venue,</p><p>I would then get home and change to be at work again at 6 am.</p><p>It was wonderful when someone else drove as I slept.</p><p>I would often wake at end of line if I travelled by train as I overslept.</p><p>Many times I would work up to a couple of hours before games and then head to work pretty much as soon as I finished.</p><p>On making the 1986 Kangaroo tour, I missed the last 8 weeks of my first semester.</p><p>In those days there were no recorded lectures or tutorials.</p><p>Fail a subject and you failed the WHOLE YEAR.</p><p>I toured England and France lugging a case full of texts, and upon return was lucky enough to be given assistance by some friends in my year.</p><p>Sitting for post exams is unnerving.</p><p>You are alone &#8211; you do not have the company of others nor do you get to discuss after the exam how you went.</p><p>Rather than go back to my hometown for Christmas I was compelled to complete a practical placement or again&#8230;&#8230; fail the year.</p><p>The next 3 years were similar.</p><p>There was no tour, but I had become a father and the pressure and the bills became pretty intense as my wife had ceased work.</p><p>I undertook as many professional development courses as I possibly could over the next few years.</p><p>Again, the cost of these, including travel and accommodation were solely borne by me.</p><p>I have run a practice, labored, run an industrial maintenance company, laid telecommunication cabling, worked in sales, retail, farming, mining and local government.</p><p>In EVERY role I have had, the education I undertook earlier stood me in good stead.</p><p>I pretty much always progressed to a position of authority wherever I have been employed<span> </span>- and in no way did my education impinge on my ability to assess and act on any given situation.</p><p>I say here and now, that I was far from the only one that bore that sort of load.</p><p>I also say that there are plenty that never had the opportunity to access education through no fault of their own.</p><p>I will also say and stand by my statement that there are plenty out there that did not undertake an education simply because drinking grog and fucking around was easier and more fun.</p><p>I am fed up with those types trying to make out they have some special quality that holds them above those that worked themselves to a frazzle to be better.</p><p>Hanson is one of these !</p><p>Many of her supporters are the same !</p><p>So I am bloody sorry if me being unapologetic about the things I achieved through hard bloody work offends you.</p><p>By the way, in the time I was the owner of practices, the only staff I lost were those that we encouraged to take up education to better their prospects.</p><p>I am proud of my achievements &#8211; and of theirs.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://martinbella1.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">This Substack is reader-supported. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[mRNA WINNING AGAIN]]></title><description><![CDATA[Promising results for children with brain tumours.]]></description><link>https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/mrna-winning-again</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/mrna-winning-again</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Martin Bella]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 22 Aug 2026 08:07:32 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.substack.com/feed/podcast/212254701/4af4acd88da7914c2b37e6d9fd0bde3a.mp3" length="0" type="audio/mpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[mRNA VACCINES ARE THE FUTURE]]></title><description><![CDATA[Another very promising result - Melanoma.]]></description><link>https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/mrna-vaccines-are-the-future</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/mrna-vaccines-are-the-future</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Martin Bella]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 22 Aug 2026 07:56:27 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.substack.com/feed/podcast/212253717/d0138cfce00f0d5f3dc9321cef75c339.mp3" length="0" type="audio/mpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[IT’S THE SOUND OF SILENCE]]></title><description><![CDATA[The silence is deafening.]]></description><link>https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/its-the-sound-of-silence</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/its-the-sound-of-silence</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Martin Bella]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 21 Aug 2026 23:58:28 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dL07!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94ae2ee3-5f98-4f37-a232-e09c92ed1c2f_927x927.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span>The silence is deafening.</span></p><p><span>The Pelican mob are generally as noisy as&#8230;&#8230;.. well, a pelican rookery.</span></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://martinbella1.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">This Substack is reader-supported. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p><span>On a couple of matters they are strangely keeping very mum indeed.</span></p><p><span>The first that is rather curious is their required submission of audited financial statements to the QLD Office of Fair Trading.</span></p><p><span>This is something all incorporated bodies must do yearly.</span></p><p><span>Now prior to 2022, the submission they made was described as &#8220;extremely sloppy&#8221;, with over ONE MILLION dollars of assets written off as useless.</span></p><p><span>Now this prompts serious questioning of the business acumen of any entity that purchases and then writes off a million dollars of assets in a year.</span></p><p><span>Kinda doesn&#8217;t look good regarding their aspirations to run a country and control a budget !</span></p><p><span>But wait, its much worse.</span></p><p><span>Rather than learning from this, they merely neglected to put in their financials for the next 3 years &#8211; remember the running the country thing?</span></p><p><span>Upon failing to meet a deadline they were given a final extension to midnight of August the 18</span><sup><span>th</span></sup><span>.</span></p><p><span>Apparently something was submitted a few minutes before or after this midnight deadline.</span></p><p><span>Forgive me for thinking that they decided that what they had was what would just have to do, rather than a comprehensive and accurate set of financials &#8211; again, that running the country thing !</span></p><p><span>Since then they have been, in the words of Elmer Fudd, vewy vewy quite !</span></p><p><span>This reinforces to me that they are sitting back, not with a sense of relief and achievement, but rather a feeling of trepidation and thoughts of what the fuck are we going to do now.</span></p><p><span>The words &#8220;financial circus&#8221; come to mind &#8211; and again, the running the country thing !</span></p><p><span>Now this is not the only thing that is strangely not being clucked and gobbled about.</span></p><p><span>The alleged assault of a Pelican booth worker seems to have sunk without trace.</span></p><p><span>I will say here and now that political violence is never acceptable and if anyone WAS actually assaulted they have my sympathy and concern.</span></p><p><span>I actually said this not once but THREE TIMES in a previous post however a few pathetic souls chose to ignore this and accuse me of victim blaming&#8230;&#8230;. Difficult to do if there is actually no victim.</span></p><p><span>The alleged incident is said to have occurred over one week ago at the EKKA in Brisbane.</span></p><p><span>There have been NO independent witnesses.</span></p><p><span>There has been NO surveillance footage.</span></p><p><span>There has been NO public footage.</span></p><p><span>There was NO report to QLD ambulance.</span></p><p><span>There has been NO complaint made to police.</span></p><p><span>Indeed one must ask, if, as James Ashby claimed, she suffered the indignity of her bruising being photographed and the police were merely &#8220;aware&#8221; of the incident&#8230;&#8230;&#8230; Who took the photos ?</span></p><p><span>This is again, &#8220;vewy vewy stwange&#8221;</span></p><p><span>In a previous post I spoke of the pain and disfunction of an actual broken rib (alleged).</span></p><p><span>I spoke of the immense pain of walking, the difficulty of accessing private transport or taxi, and the ease of calling paramedics.</span></p><p><span>Now as a certain mob that likes to yap at me said, there is a significant number of women who do not report assaults to police.</span></p><p><span>However when it happens publicly, in as crowded and highly surveilled space as this, THERE ARE ALWAYS WITNESSES, especially as the description of the assault would imply a relatively lengthy altercation.</span></p><p><span>What is also incredibly bemusing, is the departure from normal behaviour of the Pelican Leadership.</span></p><p><span>Rather than the sustained caterwauling that they usually undertake after any slight or slur no matter how insignificant and underwhelming, after the first outburst, blaming students of a march at a different location and days before, what we hear is&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..CRICKETS.</span></p><p><span>Now I know that some may accuse me of bias &#8211; and they would be correct, however I do claim it is justified.</span></p><p><span>I am also of a very suspicious nature, especially regarding all things injury-wise and medical, as I spent a lifetime of sustaining similar injuries in one profession and treating them in another.</span></p><p><span>So I would say&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;. PHOTOS OR IT DID NOT HAPPEN !!!</span></p><p><span>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;. Or at least xrays !!!</span></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://martinbella1.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">This Substack is reader-supported. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[WHO DO WE BELIEVE ...... THE ITALIAN PONY OR 12 WHISTLEBLOWERS]]></title><link>https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/who-do-we-believe-the-italian-pony</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/who-do-we-believe-the-italian-pony</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Martin Bella]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 21 Aug 2026 05:22:40 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.substack.com/feed/podcast/212105105/8eee37de66fef32552fe35e615d67e0f.mp3" length="0" type="audio/mpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[USA CITIZENS...... WHY YOUR JAILS ARE AS FULL AS THOSE OF REPRESSIVE REGIMES.]]></title><description><![CDATA[MORE SOCIAL CONCERN...... LESS BOMBS.]]></description><link>https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/usa-citizens-why-your-jails-are-as</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/usa-citizens-why-your-jails-are-as</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Martin Bella]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 19 Aug 2026 03:45:35 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.substack.com/feed/podcast/211806167/2ddc94aa8c2d504d4e2d0e5b957fe660.mp3" length="0" type="audio/mpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[NATURE JUST IS.......IT IS US THAT MISINTERPRET]]></title><description><![CDATA[It is my observation that small children are generally accepting of things.]]></description><link>https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/nature-just-isit-is-us-that-misinterpret</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/nature-just-isit-is-us-that-misinterpret</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Martin Bella]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 19 Aug 2026 02:56:12 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3pNL!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1e896049-4831-4e6f-9462-9f3a4ee890ac_903x846.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It is my observation that small children are generally accepting of things.</p><p>They have not yet taken on societal norms and biases.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://martinbella1.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">This Substack is reader-supported. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p>As they age, they begin to develop a &#8220;fear&#8221; of things different.</p><p>This is imbued upon them if not by overt actions of their parents and other adult influence, then in a more subtle fashion, through their observation of behaviours of adults.</p><p>They then mimic those behaviours, both good and bad.</p><p>In their defence, their reactions are based on that conditioning and the fact they DON&#8217;T understand the myriad of subtleties and nuances that our world contains, both natural and unnatural.</p><p>As these children become adults these behaviours become concrete, and a reflection of those adults before them.</p><p>I believe that once adults, the &#8220;DON&#8217;T&#8221; becomes &#8220;WON&#8217;T&#8221; for many.</p><p>They WON&#8217;T understand !</p><p>In an age where we have such vast repositories of proven knowledge, many choose to eschew that knowledge and dwell in the shadows of influences of the past which were formed in a time of less knowledge.</p><p>Thus there are many whom carry the biases and baseless beliefs of generations before.</p><p>Truly responsible adults do not share this behaviour.</p><p>They question, and have previously become educated enough, to appreciate the answers and their implications and subsequent ramifications.</p><p>Questioning merely for questioning sake, does not make one intelligent in the same way that a small child responding with &#8220;but why&#8221; to every answer given to the previous question, never once appreciating the answer.</p><p>Seeing things in our world as purely black and white, is less true and more intellectually lazy.</p><p>Few things are absolute.</p><p>To appreciate that one size most definitely fit all, is an admission that the future is going to require brain power to evaluate every situation on its own merit, to understand that complex and varied solutions are the norm, and that behaviour is going to have to be constantly evolving to fit and evolving world.</p><p>All this being said, probably one of the most important things that can be taught, learned, developed is an indelible ability to accept difference as the norm and not the exception.</p><p><strong><span data-color="#ff0000" style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">Below is an article published yesterday in &#8220;the Conversation&#8221; by biologist, Andy Berkowitz of the University of Oklahoma.</span></strong></p><p><strong>Read, understand, accept the differences that many have no choice but to be.</strong></p><p><strong>&#8230;&#8230;. Or live in uneducated bigotry that drives so much injustice and evil in our world, and so perpetuate misery.</strong></p><p><strong><span>BIOLOGICAL SEX IS NEITHER BINARY NOR A SPECTRUM &#8211;</span></strong></p><p><strong><span>A BIOLOGIST EXPLAINSHOW IT&#8217;S MULTI=DIMENSIONAL!</span></strong></p><p><strong><span>Some people may veer more typically female for some traits, more typically male for others, and intermediate for still others.</span></strong></p><p>Many people recognize that gender &#8211; how a person identifies, presents themselves and is perceived &#8211; <a href="https://theconversation.com/my-gender-is-like-an-empty-lot-the-people-who-reject-man-woman-and-any-other-gender-label-267286">has nuances</a>. Some people identify and present as women, others as men, and still others as nonbinary.</p><p>But there is a <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/defending-women-from-gender-ideology-extremism-and-restoring-biological-truth-to-the-federal-government/">common misconception</a> that biological sex &#8211; usually determined by a person&#8217;s sex chromosomes, gonads (ovaries or testes) or genitals &#8211; is binary. This idea assumes that everyone is biologically either female or male, with no ambiguity or intermediacy.</p><p>The assertion that sex is binary is essentially saying that people are what scientists call <a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/sexual-dimorphism">sexually dimorphic</a> &#8211; that is, the sex-related biological traits of females and males don&#8217;t overlap. <a href="https://sexdifference.org/">Illustrating this idea on a graph</a> <a href="https://rpsychologist.com/cohend/">of how many adult females and males</a> measure within a certain range for traits such as the amount of coarse hair on their body would look like two separate bell curves.</p><p>But biologists and physicians have long known that sex-related biological traits are not sexually dimorphic. Instead, as I explore in my new book,&#8220;<a href="https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/828235/the-binary-delusion-by-ari-berkowitz/">The Binary Delusion: How Biology Defies the Myth of Two Sexes</a>,&#8221; there is overlap between females and males in each sex-related biological trait. Some people are more typically female in some traits, more typically male in other traits, and intermediate in still others.</p><p><strong>Intersex traits</strong></p><p>Even <a href="https://interactadvocates.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/intersex-health-equity-report.pdf">primary sex traits</a> &#8211; sex chromosomes, gonads, internal reproductive ducts that transport eggs or sperm, and external genitals &#8211; are not always consistently female-typical or male-typical. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41585-023-00754-x">Genitals can be intermediate</a> between typically female and typically male.</p><p>All human embryos initially have <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41585-023-00754-x">identical reproductive tissues</a> that later develop into genitals. If an embryo has lots of the hormones called androgens, like testosterone, it will form a penis and scrotum; if an embryo has less of these hormones or has cells that <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2007.09.006">don&#8217;t respond to androgens</a>, it will form a clitoris and labia instead.</p><p>With <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41585-023-00754-x">intermediate levels</a> of either androgens or androgen receptivity, an embryo will form a phallus &#8211; a penis or clitoris &#8211; of intermediate length, along with a structure intermediate between labia and a scrotum. One way of thinking about intermediate sex-related biological traits is by analogy of the color spectrum, with each person located somewhere along an axis that goes from red at one end to violet at the other.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2Ewp!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89eeaaa3-6846-414a-bf82-5b5fdfd17e88_903x124.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2Ewp!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_424, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89eeaaa3-6846-414a-bf82-5b5fdfd17e88_903x124.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2Ewp!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_848, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89eeaaa3-6846-414a-bf82-5b5fdfd17e88_903x124.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2Ewp!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89eeaaa3-6846-414a-bf82-5b5fdfd17e88_903x124.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2Ewp!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89eeaaa3-6846-414a-bf82-5b5fdfd17e88_903x124.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2Ewp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89eeaaa3-6846-414a-bf82-5b5fdfd17e88_903x124.png" width="903" height="124" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/89eeaaa3-6846-414a-bf82-5b5fdfd17e88_903x124.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:124,&quot;width&quot;:903,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Color spectrum with 'Female' on the red end and 'Male' on the violet end, an arrow pointing at the green in the middle&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Color spectrum with 'Female' on the red end and 'Male' on the violet end, an arrow pointing at the green in the middle" title="Color spectrum with 'Female' on the red end and 'Male' on the violet end, an arrow pointing at the green in the middle" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2Ewp!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_424, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89eeaaa3-6846-414a-bf82-5b5fdfd17e88_903x124.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2Ewp!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_848, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89eeaaa3-6846-414a-bf82-5b5fdfd17e88_903x124.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2Ewp!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89eeaaa3-6846-414a-bf82-5b5fdfd17e88_903x124.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2Ewp!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89eeaaa3-6846-414a-bf82-5b5fdfd17e88_903x124.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>A person&#8217;s sex-related biological traits could be thought of as falling on a spectrum. Ari Berkowitz, <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">CC BY-ND</a></p><p>But primary sex characteristics other than genitals &#8211; such as sex chromosomes; gonads, or the ovaries and testes; hormones and hormone receptors; and internal reproductive ducts that transport eggs or sperm cells &#8211; can differ in their &#8220;femaleness&#8221; or &#8220;maleness,&#8221; making the color spectrum analogy misleading.</p><p>For example, someone who has a Y chromosome but <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2007.09.006">complete androgen insensitivity</a> &#8211; meaning their cells do not respond to androgens at all &#8211; develops testes hidden in their abdomen as well as typically female genitals. After puberty, they typically have a high-pitched voice, breasts and no coarse body hair. In appearance, most would consider them <a href="https://www.ted.com/talks/emily_quinn_the_way_we_think_about_biological_sex_is_wrong">typically feminine</a>. This person cannot accurately be placed in one location on a sex spectrum because their sex-related biological traits differ in their femaleness or maleness.</p><p>Multiple sliding scales are needed to represent this person&#8217;s reality.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3pNL!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1e896049-4831-4e6f-9462-9f3a4ee890ac_903x846.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3pNL!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_424, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1e896049-4831-4e6f-9462-9f3a4ee890ac_903x846.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3pNL!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_848, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1e896049-4831-4e6f-9462-9f3a4ee890ac_903x846.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3pNL!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1e896049-4831-4e6f-9462-9f3a4ee890ac_903x846.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3pNL!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1e896049-4831-4e6f-9462-9f3a4ee890ac_903x846.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3pNL!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1e896049-4831-4e6f-9462-9f3a4ee890ac_903x846.png" width="903" height="846" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1e896049-4831-4e6f-9462-9f3a4ee890ac_903x846.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:846,&quot;width&quot;:903,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Five sliding scales depicting an individual's range of chromosomes, gonads, genitals, breasts and body hair&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Five sliding scales depicting an individual's range of chromosomes, gonads, genitals, breasts and body hair" title="Five sliding scales depicting an individual's range of chromosomes, gonads, genitals, breasts and body hair" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3pNL!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_424, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1e896049-4831-4e6f-9462-9f3a4ee890ac_903x846.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3pNL!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_848, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1e896049-4831-4e6f-9462-9f3a4ee890ac_903x846.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3pNL!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1e896049-4831-4e6f-9462-9f3a4ee890ac_903x846.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3pNL!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1e896049-4831-4e6f-9462-9f3a4ee890ac_903x846.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>One person&#8217;s sex-related biological traits may each fall on different locations on a sliding scale of variation. Ari Berkowitz, <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">CC BY-ND</a></p><p>Collectively, intersex variations occur in <a href="https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/governing-behavior/202203/human-biology-is-not-binary">0.2% to 6% of the population</a>, depending on which variations you choose to count.</p><p><strong>No consistent definition of human biological sex</strong></p><p>Biologists usually <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/icad027">define the sex of any animal</a> based on whether it produces small sex cells (sperm) or large sex cells (eggs), which are produced by testes or ovaries, respectively. But physicians <a href="https://theconversation.com/not-everyone-is-male-or-female-the-growing-controversy-over-sex-designation-172293">assign a person&#8217;s sex at birth</a> based on genitals, which may or may not match their gonadal sex (ovaries or testes).</p><p>Someone can have male-typical gonads while having female-typical genitals, or the reverse. In fact, because the sex chromosomes, gonads and genitals in a given person can point in different directions with respect to their maleness or femaleness, it&#8217;s <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.70350">not clear whether one of these alone</a> should determine someone&#8217;s sex category.</p><p>Society hasn&#8217;t reached general agreement or consistency in how to define human biological sex. For example, regulators of elite women&#8217;s athletics such as the <a href="https://theconversation.com/sex-test-used-in-iocs-new-transgender-ban-more-likely-to-exclude-from-olympics-intersex-women-who-were-assigned-female-at-birth-279489">International Olympic Committee</a> have repeatedly changed their <a href="https://www.press.uillinois.edu/books/?id=p081682">sex tests</a> <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2017.00251">for women&#8217;s competitions</a> <a href="https://nyti.ms/2950brC">over the past century</a>, going from genitals to sex chromosomes to testosterone levels. In March 2026, the IOC returned to using <a href="https://www.olympics.com/ioc/news/international-olympic-committee-announces-new-policy-on-the-protection-of-the-female-women-s-category-in-olympic-sport">sex chromosomes</a>.</p><p>However, having a Y chromosome does not by itself create a typically masculine body or provide athletic advantages. Most athletic advantages that males typically have are due to higher androgens at puberty, but for people whose cells respond less or not at all to these hormones, they may have <a href="https://theconversation.com/sex-test-used-in-iocs-new-transgender-ban-more-likely-to-exclude-from-olympics-intersex-women-who-were-assigned-female-at-birth-279489">little or no athletic advantage</a>.</p><p><strong>Overlap in secondary sex characteristics</strong></p><p>There is also overlap between groups of adults categorized as female or male &#8211; based on either their chromosomes, gonads or genitals &#8211; in <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1795-9_157">secondary sex characteristics</a> that develop at puberty. These include growth of breasts and coarse body hair, widening of hips and shoulders, and lowering of voice pitch.</p><p>For example, females have larger breasts than males on average, but some males have <a href="https://doi.org/10.4103/2230-8210.129104">larger breasts than some females</a>. Similarly, males have more coarse body hair than females on average, but some females have <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmp024">more coarse body hair than some males</a>.</p><p>The amount of overlap differs for each sex-related biological trait. There is little overlap after puberty for <a href="https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.0829">voice pitch</a>, intermediate overlap for <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S1090-5138(02)00149-6">waist-to-hip ratio</a> and <a href="https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033144">muscular strength</a>, and almost complete overlap for the <a href="https://theconversation.com/brain-scientists-havent-been-able-to-find-major-differences-between-womens-and-mens-brains-despite-over-a-century-of-searching-143516">sizes of nearly all</a> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhy109">brain regions</a>.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T-qE!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5a7acdae-da34-4a50-9fc5-6dfba9c74082_903x593.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T-qE!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_424, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5a7acdae-da34-4a50-9fc5-6dfba9c74082_903x593.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T-qE!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_848, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5a7acdae-da34-4a50-9fc5-6dfba9c74082_903x593.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T-qE!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5a7acdae-da34-4a50-9fc5-6dfba9c74082_903x593.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T-qE!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5a7acdae-da34-4a50-9fc5-6dfba9c74082_903x593.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T-qE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5a7acdae-da34-4a50-9fc5-6dfba9c74082_903x593.png" width="903" height="593" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5a7acdae-da34-4a50-9fc5-6dfba9c74082_903x593.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:593,&quot;width&quot;:903,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Four charts featuring two bell curves with varying degrees of overlap for voice frequency, waist-to-hip ratio, muscular strength, hippocampus size.&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Four charts featuring two bell curves with varying degrees of overlap for voice frequency, waist-to-hip ratio, muscular strength, hippocampus size." title="Four charts featuring two bell curves with varying degrees of overlap for voice frequency, waist-to-hip ratio, muscular strength, hippocampus size." srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T-qE!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_424, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5a7acdae-da34-4a50-9fc5-6dfba9c74082_903x593.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T-qE!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_848, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5a7acdae-da34-4a50-9fc5-6dfba9c74082_903x593.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T-qE!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5a7acdae-da34-4a50-9fc5-6dfba9c74082_903x593.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T-qE!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5a7acdae-da34-4a50-9fc5-6dfba9c74082_903x593.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Different biological traits have differing degrees of overlap between females and males. Ari Berkowitz, <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">CC BY-ND</a></p><p>Many people are more typically female in some biological traits, more typically male in others, and intermediate in still others. In such cases, people can&#8217;t be placed accurately at one location along a single biological sex spectrum because there are <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2023.105441">multiple traits that can vary</a>, and an individual&#8217;s biological measurements can <a href="https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/828235/the-binary-delusion-by-ari-berkowitz/">land in different locations</a> along these different axes.</p><p>In other words, biological sex is multidimensional.</p><p><strong>Human bodies are mosaics</strong></p><p>One way of thinking about the multidimensionality of sex-related biological traits is as a mosaic. Neuroscientist <a href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=RvfRumEAAAAJ&amp;hl=en">Daphna Joel</a> and her colleagues <a href="https://gendermosaic.tau.ac.il/the-book/">developed this metaphor</a> to describe how people have <a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1509654112">brain regions and personality traits</a> that may be relatively female-typical in some, more male-typical in others, and intermediate in still others.</p><p>I argue that across the body, each person has a <a href="https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/828235/the-binary-delusion-by-ari-berkowitz/">unique combination of sex-related biological traits</a>, which can be thought of as a mosaic. For example, you might have female-typical height and coarse body hair, male-typical voice pitch, and intermediate muscle strength and facial structure.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Pike!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F815f2a0e-312f-44ff-a7a5-48c89bc99e2f_903x512.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Pike!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_424, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F815f2a0e-312f-44ff-a7a5-48c89bc99e2f_903x512.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Pike!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_848, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F815f2a0e-312f-44ff-a7a5-48c89bc99e2f_903x512.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Pike!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F815f2a0e-312f-44ff-a7a5-48c89bc99e2f_903x512.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Pike!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F815f2a0e-312f-44ff-a7a5-48c89bc99e2f_903x512.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Pike!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F815f2a0e-312f-44ff-a7a5-48c89bc99e2f_903x512.png" width="903" height="512" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/815f2a0e-312f-44ff-a7a5-48c89bc99e2f_903x512.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:512,&quot;width&quot;:903,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Graphic of four hexagons made of a mosaic of differing numbers of smaller pink, blue and purple hexagons, each indicating the female, male or intermediate quality of different traits&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Graphic of four hexagons made of a mosaic of differing numbers of smaller pink, blue and purple hexagons, each indicating the female, male or intermediate quality of different traits" title="Graphic of four hexagons made of a mosaic of differing numbers of smaller pink, blue and purple hexagons, each indicating the female, male or intermediate quality of different traits" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Pike!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_424, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F815f2a0e-312f-44ff-a7a5-48c89bc99e2f_903x512.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Pike!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_848, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F815f2a0e-312f-44ff-a7a5-48c89bc99e2f_903x512.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Pike!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F815f2a0e-312f-44ff-a7a5-48c89bc99e2f_903x512.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Pike!, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/martinbella1.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F815f2a0e-312f-44ff-a7a5-48c89bc99e2f_903x512.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>A person&#8217;s biological sex can be thought of as a mosaic, with some traits that are more typically female, some more typically male, and others more in between. Ari Berkowitz, <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">CC BY-ND</a></p><p>The fact that people are multidimensional in their sex-related biological traits means that the binary view of sex is fundamentally misleading. Biological sex has variations and nuances, just as gender does.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://martinbella1.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">This Substack is reader-supported. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[US CITIZENS....... RESTORE OUR TRUST !]]></title><description><![CDATA[It will be hard and take a very long time, but you need to act or be isolated.]]></description><link>https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/us-citizens-restore-our-trust</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/us-citizens-restore-our-trust</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Martin Bella]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 18 Aug 2026 04:55:04 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.substack.com/feed/podcast/211663071/8422ef43263da2c4a9bf53b0eb359452.mp3" length="0" type="audio/mpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[FISHY AS A TUNA'S BUTT CRACK]]></title><description><![CDATA[I will state clearly at the outset that political violence is completely unacceptable.]]></description><link>https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/fishy-as-a-tunas-butt-crack</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/fishy-as-a-tunas-butt-crack</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Martin Bella]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 17 Aug 2026 22:10:00 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dL07!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94ae2ee3-5f98-4f37-a232-e09c92ed1c2f_927x927.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span>I will state clearly at the outset that political violence is completely unacceptable.</span></p><p><span>In previous posts I have warned against the dangers of escalation of inflammatory rhetoric and where it is likely to lead.</span></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://martinbella1.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">This Substack is reader-supported. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p><span>But something smells fishier than a tuna&#8217;s armpit about One Nations claims of an attack on one of it&#8217;s workers at the EKKA.</span></p><p><span>Apparently as the &#8220;victim&#8221; were entering the EKKA adorned in One Nation finery they were accosted by three women and one man,.</span></p><p><span>The alleged assailants verbally and physically attacked the sixty something female, spitting on her, punching her, resulting in a broken rib and extensive bruising.</span></p><p><span>I say again, if this occurred then I condemn it unreservedly.</span></p><p><span>Again&#8230;.. that fishy smell.</span></p><p><span>When initially going public regarding this, One Nation were equivocal regarding whether it occurred on the 14</span><sup><span>th</span></sup><span>(Thursday) or the 15</span><sup><span>th</span></sup><span>(Friday)</span></p><p><span>Surely an event as catastrophic would be somewhat definintive in the minds of those reporting it.</span></p><p><span>There seems to be a dearth of witness reports.</span></p><p><span>One would think that patrons would be as thick as hairs on a cats back, yet no reports, no filmed footage, in an age where everyone is seeking their 5 minutes of recorded footage fame &#8230;&#8230;.. curiouser and curiouser !</span></p><p><span>The Ekka itself has not been able to provide footage of the event, despite having extensive camera and security coverage specifically aimed at crowd monitoring and control.</span></p><p><span>A kicker for me is the bit about the Ambulance not being involved.</span></p><p><span>Let me tell you from many personal experiences that a broken rib is NOT something you can just ignore.</span></p><p><span>It is painful, and restricts breathing massively.</span></p><p><span>Again from experience, for every 50 that claim they have a broken rib, there is lucky to be one that has.</span></p><p><span>Medical first aid services would be concerned with pneumothorax, haemothorax, respiratory function, just to name a few.</span></p><p><span>Parking would have been unlikely to have been anywhere close, thus the waut for a private pickup, or even a taxi would have been considerable thus when in the sort of pain implied, why would the ambulance not have been used ? &#8230;&#8230; Very strange indeed !</span></p><p><span>But the absolute kicker for me is the comment by the police.</span></p><p><span>They are &#8220;aware&#8217; of an alleged incident but have clearly stated that there hase been no official complaint made.</span></p><p><span>Now that is about as strange as Barnaby Brokeback Joyce in a leotard singing a Beyonce song&#8230;&#8230;.. Oh wait, his mate &#8220;member for manilla&#8221; and Christian right hypocrite George Christensen has already done that&#8230;&#8230;.. boy was it strange !</span></p><p><span>On the subject of old Brokeback, something as equally disgusting as the concept of political violence, was his and &#8220;Backroom Ashby&#8221; somehow equating this to the student protests a few days before.</span></p><p><span>When there is so much smoke around the circumstances of the actual event, they seem to have clearly somehow seen a link between two unrelated events.</span></p><p><span>Their forensic ability seems stratospheric to say the least.</span></p><p><span>What I find amusing is that just little bit before this the whole One Notion Crew including Cory &#8220;rooting the dogs&#8221; Bernardi were claiming how useless, ineffectual, and limp these students were.</span></p><p><span>Now they are portraying them as some sort of paramilitary force.</span></p><p><span>I again say, for the third time, I denounce political violence, and if someone was hurt, they have my concern and sympathy, however that does not excuse the accusations made by Brokeback, Backroom and Co,</span></p><p><span>To me it seems remarkably like a sort of deflection from other more uncomfortable issues&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.</span></p><p><span>Remember, this ShitShow of a political party has just 8 business hour to produce long overdue audited financial documents to the QLD OFFICE OF FAIR TRADING or risk deregistration&#8230;&#8230;. Hard to produce documents when your records are described as &#8220;sloppy&#8221; resulting in over one million dollars of assets written off in one year prior to 2022.</span></p><p><span>Coincidence.. ???</span></p><p><span>NAH !</span></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://martinbella1.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">This Substack is reader-supported. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[USA..... people need to force change .....for you..... and for us !]]></title><description><![CDATA[Universal health care is not socialism ........ It's decency !]]></description><link>https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/usa-people-need-to-force-change-for</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://martinbella1.substack.com/p/usa-people-need-to-force-change-for</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Martin Bella]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 17 Aug 2026 08:19:03 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.substack.com/feed/podcast/211525514/3f7830a77f78ba3d2bc4fff8c2a8a172.mp3" length="0" type="audio/mpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p></p>]]></content:encoded></item></channel></rss>