Nowadays, SubStack is filled with “You sub, I sub” or “I follow, you follow” notes.

SubStack is not a social media where people deal with others to get subscribers, it is a writing social media where people get to learn something new, and connect to people with same interests.

I am also guilty of this.

I have gained numerous subscribers using “You Sub, I Sub”

One day, one of my subscriber told me, “Try to restock some of the posts or notes you are interested about, and stop spamming subscribe = subscribe notes.”

After that, numerous other comments have been given to on my notes I used to get subscribers.

I learned my lesson - we got to learn together within this society not deal like a second hand flea market.

We have to value our subscribers, not just beg for one to random people.

I will delete all my sub for sub notes today right after this article is posted.

Now I will ask you, who is with me to make some better SubStack for a better environment and community?

How do you write well?

Well, I’m not the best person to ask if you come to ask yourself a question, “How can I actually get some good writings on my paper and docs?”

But I’m sure this article will help you and keep you in track of writing well.

METHOD 1: Don’t cover your writing with literary devices

For some reason, people think “More literary devices, the better.”

Sometimes that is correct, but most of times, they are poison to your writing stats.

If you come to a situation that make you think that a literary devices will make your writing fancier, please don’t.

The more you want your writing fancier, the worse it gets.

Being fancy doesn’t actually matter if you want to write well.

Usually, being fancy by using literary devices gets you off the track and the point you are trying to explain will eventually become vague.

Instead, try to directly state the main idea in your claim, and start to point out the points and other details in the later section of reasoning.

That way, your reader will be able to able to follow the follow you designed and get yourself a well-written

METHOD 2: Read Your Mind

One of the most important things you’ll have to know while writing articles or essays is the purpose of your writing.

This seems like a pretty obvious advice from the point of view of the reader.

However, knowing what you want to write is pretty much challenging that most of the writers think.

Writing articles or multi - paragraph consumes a lot of time - from 1 hour to a whole months, writing something is a long term project.

Even in school, your teacher would make you write essays for class assignment and it will take at least 2 days to finalize your draft.

When school essays, take 3 days, long articles such as SubStack article stories or long newsletter would take more time than that.

Memorizing what to write and organizing your statements clearly for that long time period isn’t just easy.

So I will give you the advice that is pretty effective while keeping it simple.

Don’t hastily start your essay - start your essay after you jot down the statements you would want to make within your paragraphs.

I am not advising you to, “Hey people, brainstorm before you write like your elementary teacher said.”

I am asking for a one or two short sentences that organizes all the main topics and ideas of your essay briefly, not a full intro, body, conclusion outlines.

Well that’s just corny and everybody knows that; we aren’t those elementary kids or middle school students - we are an amateur (or professional) writers who write for a living or subscribers.

The thing I want to say is, “ Keep in mind of what you want to write so that you could keep in mind of what you want to proclaim to the reader.“

METHOD 3: Read People’s Mind

Now you have read your mind on what you want to write about, you also have be acknowledged of what your readers’ minds.

Readers are people who want to learn.

Let us assume that you are a psychology SubStack writer and you just wrote an article called, “How people’s mind works”.

Readers won’t be interested in those kind of essays.

Humans get attracted to other people (either friend or a crush) who looks beautiful, handsome, or whatever makes you feel attracted to a certain person.

Articles are same - make your article sensational, attractive, beautiful, irresistible for readers to click.

For example, let us use the title, “One of the psychological Factors that Influence Your Daily Life” instead of “About your psychology.”

Now that looks more relatable about readers’ lives and irresistible to click since you just mentioned something that might help reader learn more about themselves.

So like this, make your articles attractive.

Last Words

I may not be the best person to ask if you want to learn how to write.

I ain’t a college professor.

I ain’t a teacher.

I ain’t an adult.

I am a student who is still learning in high school.

However, I can promise you that at least one of my advises would affect your numbers of subscribers or followers for it has worked on my teacher’s blogs and my blog.

(PS, Check out Element of Style, its pretty good book to learn about writing)

After the January of 2026, TOEFL’s writing section has changed dramatically then ever.

Integrated writing has been replaced with email writing with academic discussion, and new task called “Sentence Arrangement” was added.

Previously, I have wrote article about how to ace your TOEFL writing section for task 3.

Last time’s advice was kind of obvious.

“Check your grammar submission.”

“Manage your time wisely.”

I read my own past article and I got a feeling of being advised by an elementary student.

So this time , I will use a completely different approach: pointing out the common duds people make during test to prevent its cause.

# The Biggest Mistake Students Make on TOEFL Task 2 (Email Writing)

When students first see TOEFL Task 2, many of them relax. After all, writing an email seems much easier than writing an essay. Ironically, that confidence often leads to lower scores.

The biggest mistake students make is treating the task as if they were texting a friend. They begin with casual greetings, include unnecessary details, and write long, complicated sentences. However, the goal of the task is not to impress the reader with difficult vocabulary. The goal is to communicate clearly, logically, and professionally.

Consider the following opening sentence:

“Hey, I had a lot of problems yesterday, and I couldn’t finish my work because I had to do many things, so I was wondering whether I could maybe get some extra time.”

Although the sentence is understandable, it is too long and informal. A stronger version would be:

“I am writing to explain my situation and respectfully request an extension for my assignment.”

Notice the difference. The second sentence is direct, concise, and professional.

Another common mistake is forgetting the purpose of the email. Every sentence should answer one of the following questions:

- Why are you writing?

- What happened?

- What would you like the reader to do?

If a sentence does not answer one of these questions, it probably does not belong in the email.

Ultimately, success on TOEFL Task 2 depends less on sophisticated vocabulary and more on clarity. Students who master this principle will have a significant advantage on test day.

When people look at the world around them, they generally assume that physical objects exist independently of the human mind. Trees stand in forests, mountains rise above the landscape, and oceans continue to move even when nobody is watching them. The Irish philosopher George Berkeley challenged this common assumption by proposing one of the most influential theories in the history of philosophy: idealism.

Berkeley argued that reality is fundamentally mental rather than material. According to his theory, human beings never experience matter directly. Instead, they experience sensations such as colors, sounds, textures, tastes, and smells. Because all knowledge comes through perception, Berkeley questioned whether there is any reason to believe in the existence of a material substance beyond these perceptions.

This idea is often summarized by Berkeley’s famous Latin expression esse est percipi, meaning “to be is to be perceived.” In Berkeley’s view, objects exist because they are perceived by conscious minds. An apple, for example, is not merely a collection of atoms and molecules. Rather, it is the combination of the qualities that people perceive through their senses.

Critics of Berkeley’s philosophy raised an important question: if an object exists only when it is perceived, what happens when no one is observing it? Berkeley answered that God continuously perceives every part of the universe. Therefore, the world remains stable and consistent even when human beings are absent.

Although Berkeley’s theory has been criticized for centuries, it continues to attract attention because it forces people to examine the relationship between the mind and reality. Modern discussions of consciousness, artificial intelligence, and virtual reality have revived many of the same questions that Berkeley explored hundreds of years ago. Whether one agrees with him or not, his philosophy reminds us that the nature of reality may be far more mysterious than it first appears.

Ultimately, Berkeley’s idealism remains a powerful challenge to ordinary assumptions about the world. His ideas encourage us to ask a simple yet profound question: if everything we know comes through perception, how can we ever know what exists beyond it?

It has been exactly 6 weeks since I started my channel as “5 Minutes for New Info” and I just got my first 122 Subscribers.

At my first week, I got my first 7 subscribers.

That was it.

For the next two weeks, no likes, no views, no restacks, no anything was on progress on my channel.

I started to look for advices from famous SubStackers’ articles about how to foster our article’s growth.

Nothing seemed to be helpful or some-what handy, becauseAll those articles and advising articles were obvious.

“Use your note wisely to attract audiences from the crowd.”

“ Do not stop uploading your posts and start writing.”

“Chat with other people online and interact with them.”

Of course, everybody knows that notes are for attracting audiences and interacting with people.

And yes, it is pretty too much clear that everybody knows that stop uploading your work and solely focusing on your work without other interactions will kill your growth.

Now the problem for people whose growth stopped from 100 or lower subscribers is: How do we start fostering our growth instead of working harder to attract audiences with obvious advices?”

For people who are tired of obvious advices from other articles, I prepared three short, but impactful advices that will help you get over 110 subscribers.

Not for 1 month.

Not for 3 weeks.

But within 2 weeks.

1. SOMETIMES, NOTES DO MORE THAN WE THINK

Notes are the most common devices used for advertisements of your articles and social interactions.

Let us see SubStack’s note in a complete different ways.

I tried to use my notes as advertisements and online interaction tools in the past while my growth literally stopped.

No one took a look at it and left neither a common or a heart.

Now I got myself an answer.

Advertising notes were pretty much useless when I was 10 subscriber channel author.

Then how do we utilize and make our notes attractive to our audiences and readers.

We do the below thing.

I will be honest with you.

This post has been the biggest hit that my articles and notes have made it so far and attracted the most audiences in the history of this channel.

But clearly, it took the least effort and time to post this online.

People are extremely attracted to these formats of notes where they could earn themselves some extra number of subscribers and audiences.

So if you have only a subtle amount of subscribers, try posting notes such as the one above and gain some audiences by earning yourself some subscribers.

After you got audiences and subscribers, your notes will become surprisingly more open and readable to other people, since your articles go straight to the subscribers’ email.

2. FOLLOW THE TWO STRATEGIES

There are the most common typical concepts to foster blog channel growth.

The first and mostly widely accepted concept is focusing on one deep topic that the author is interested in.

The second concept is writing what ever you want (But still limited to 3 topics).

The benefit of the first strategy will help you earn trust from your audiences that you are specialized in one section and you are trustworthy.

Meanwhile, the second strategy could help you widen the range of your audiences, helping you get more subscribers much faster with variety of topic selections.

In my case, I chose to take the second strategy and focused on engineering, philosophy, and Korean news.

This helped me to widen the selection of articles for readers to pick on based on their interests, while writing about the topics I am interested in.

However, to whom may it be, I would personally recommend the first strategy.

I regret taking the second strategy because it was too much researching and workload for me to handle three topics all at once and my quality of works gradually plummeted.

This killed my growth.

If you are confident that you could handle the second strategy, go for it if you are confident.

But generally, the first strategy might be more helpful for long-term channel growth and earning trusts from your readers.

3. Write Some Irresistible Titles

Title - the very start of your articles, do more influence to your growth than you think.

Like You**be shorts and Insta**** reels, titles have to be spicy and engaging.

Since the first thing the readers are going to see from your article is title, it HAS to provoke curiosity from readers.

The thing that makes the readers click your article is your title, so try spicing it up a little to make it more irresistible to take a look at.

“This article seems to solve a problem or tow for me.”

This reaction has to come out.

If the title is boring and you got yourself an essay that is prize winning quality, seriously, it will be far less effective than you think.

Throughout history, philosophers have struggled with one of the most profound questions imaginable: are human beings truly free, or are we merely convinced that we are? Every day, we make countless choices. We choose what to eat, what to study, whom to befriend, and what goals to pursue. Because we make these decisions ourselves, we naturally assume that we possess free will. However, some philosophers and scientists argue that our decisions are not entirely our own. Instead, they suggest that our choices are shaped by our genes, our environment, and our past experiences. The debate over free will continues because both sides present compelling arguments.

Those who reject the existence of free will often point to the principle of causality. According to this view, every event has a cause, and human actions are no exception. A person’s beliefs, desires, fears, and ambitions are all influenced by countless factors that lie beyond that person’s control. Our upbringing shapes our values, our biology affects our emotions, and our experiences influence our judgments. From this perspective, what we call a “choice” may simply be the final result of a chain of causes that began long before we were born.

On the other hand, supporters of free will argue that human beings possess the unique ability to reflect upon themselves and alter the course of their actions. Unlike machines, human beings can examine their desires, question their motives, and intentionally change their behavior. People frequently overcome fears, abandon harmful habits, and make sacrifices for principles they consider more important than personal gain. These actions suggest that individuals are not merely passive products of circumstance but active participants in the creation of their own lives.

A third perspective, known as compatibilism, attempts to reconcile these opposing views. Compatibilists argue that our choices may indeed be influenced by external forces while still remaining genuinely our own. According to this argument, freedom does not require complete independence from all causes. Instead, freedom exists when individuals are able to act according to their own values, beliefs, and intentions without coercion. In this way, determinism and free will may coexist rather than contradict one another.

Ultimately, the question of whether human beings are truly free remains unanswered. Perhaps our lives are shaped by forces beyond our understanding, or perhaps our consciousness grants us a degree of control over our destinies. Whatever the truth may be, the debate itself reveals something remarkable about human nature: our desire to understand who we are and whether we are truly the authors of our own stories.

Cereal: A cold breakfast meal that is mainly composed of milk and processed grains. If one sees soup as a warm serving of liquid that has meats and vegetables inside it, cereal is not a soup. Obviously, cereal does not usually commonly contain neither vegetables nor meat. Instead, it simply depicts a bowl of nuts and grains soaked in cold milk. Furthermore, if soup is defined as a warm serving of liquid, cereal does not align with that definition eithercharacteristics also. While soup is known to be eaten at a tepid temperature, cereal is served at a cold, chilly temperature. Based on these inferences and perspectives about soup and cereal, cereal cannot be categorized as soup due to its different ingredients and the temperature they are consumed at.

While the food product, soup, could be regarded as a warm liquid appetizer, it could also be defined as a bowl of ingredients mixed with diverse ingredients. From this perspective, cereal has a noticeable resemblance with soup. If soup is not strictly defined as a bowl of tepid liquid serving, it could fall into a food category that explains food products composed of liquid and solid ingredients mixed together. As for cereals, it is a meal that is made by mixing cold milk with grains, nuts, and cornflakes. Without a doubt, cereal could be described as soup if it is seen as a dish consisting of solid substances immersed in liquid.

In conclusion, there is not a fixed, correct answer to the question: Is cereal a soup? Cereal could be either a soup or cold serving of milk based on how both cereal and soup is defined as. In other words, because people’s opinions about soup and cereal are all distinct, the answer to this question could never be determined. Yet, it could only be answered by one person’s assumption and perception ofon how the food products vary and align with each

When people are born, we do not have any purpose in our lives but to lie on our nurturing beds and survive. However, as we grow older, we start to grow purposes, desires, and ambitions that lead our life to our future. For instance, one might want to go to medical universities to cure ill people, or one might want to become an artist to depict people’s sorrow and emotions with dedication. These purposes are not something we are assigned the moment after birth, but are created through the experiences, decisions, and personal values we face during our lives.

In conclusion, people’s lives are not meaningful at first. However, its significance builds as people grow in purpose and personal desires during their lives. By pursuing these desires and life’s purposes, people will be able to cultivate meaningful relationships, contribute to society positively, and eventually end up making something meaningful. Therefore, I think that life starts as something meaningless, but becomes meaningful as we grow up to follow our dreams and pursuits.

In today’s world, people face conflicts when their opinions do not align. From discussions about political decisions to actions shaped by cultural traditions, people have different perceptions of every issue. For instance, one person might find a politician’s illegal action justifiable, while others might consider it wrong. In our society, people’s perceptions of good and bad are shaped by individual opinions rather than by an objective standard that everyone agrees on. In other words, whether someone is “good” or “bad” can never be determined objectively; therefore, these labels are simply people’s personal opinions about a person, action, or event. This suggests that someone may be considered bad simply because of another person’s perception.

Furthermore, another reason why a person cannot be defined as bad is that moral perceptions of good and bad change over time. In ancient times in Asia, filial piety was regarded as absolutely essential, and acts of disobedience were considered extremely sinful toward one’s parents. In contrast, many people today believe that children and teenagers should have the freedom to make their own choices instead of experiencing excessive parental interference in their future lives. Furthermore, when Japan still had samurai, seppuku, or the act of committing suicide after failing a mission, was regarded as honorable. However, today people generally do not consider committing suicide something to be honored but instead view it as a tragedy. Therefore, actions that were once regarded as honorable and essential are now often viewed as unnecessary or tragic. Ultimately, this shows that what people once considered “good” can later be viewed as “bad,” proving that standards of good and bad can change over time. Therefore, people cannot be permanently defined as “bad.”

Last but not least, it is impossible for an individual to be labeled as a “bad” person because someone cannot be defined by a single isolated behavior. For example, even people whom we consider kind may sometimes display dishonest or cruel behavior. Meanwhile, criminals whom we perceive as bad may still show kindness toward their communities and family members, demonstrating qualities of a good person. Since people’s perceptions and impressions formed from isolated behaviors cannot serve as sufficient evidence that someone is inherently bad, we cannot simply conclude that a person is “bad.” For this reason, it is impossible to define an individual as a “bad” person.

In conclusion, people live within the boundaries of their own opinions and stereotypes. People are sometimes convinced that an action or an individual is bad simply because they believe it is. However, human behavior is far more complex than we often realize. For instance, a person cannot be defined as bad based on a single immoral action or another person’s opinion. Therefore, we can conclude that there is no accurate way to define someone as a bad person because such judgments ultimately arise from individual perceptions rather than objective truth.

Immortality might not be a blessing to one’s life after all, regarding the fact that it could make life meaningless. Because time is limited, people are motivated to follow their dreams and cherish the relationship between their families and friends. But if an individual is granted immortality, time will be unlimited, and the subject who is immortal will not have the urgency to accomplish their desires and dreams. With endless time availableavailabiliety, people will most likely postpone their tasks and ambitions, since those goals could be accomplished in their life due to being in a state of immortality. Ultimately, life will become meaningless by losing its quality of time. When death becomes avoidable, the value of time will significantly deteriorate, making the time spent with family and friends less important and ending up eliminating the factor of “urgency” in one’s life. As a result, urgency, or the factor that drivesderives people to valueonto valuing relationships and the given time, will ultimately be gone after immortality is granted, proving that immortality is a curse rather than a blessing.

Furthermore, I believe that immortality is a curse rather than a blessing because in return for eternal life, it can cause severe emotional suffering. If one person is destined to live forever while people around that person eventually die, he or she will experience survivor’s guilt. In other words, the subject that is granted immortality will suffer from the thought that he or she is the only one who is alive while the other people are dead. As a result, one might possibly avoid making family members because they will anyways experience the grief of losing someone he or she loved repeatedly. Therefore, I believe that immortality will lead to depression and emotional guilt every time someone the person with immortality loved passes away. This vividly suggests that immortality is not a blessing but a curse.

In addition, immortality should be defined more as a curse than a blessing because isolation will be required for hiding one’s identity of being immortal. If the public and community find out that a person is immortal, privacy and personal time will be limited, resulting in extreme stress and burden psychologically. Furthermore, there could potentially be scientific experiments conducted on an immortal person, since studying an immortal person would help humanity answer its questions and expand its knowledge. As the life of an immortal person turns out to be rather stressful and continues with anxiety, it would be risky to stay public to people. As a result, one should stay isolated from humanity and the world, creating emotions that could lead to depression, such as loneliness, boredom, and despair. These emotions provoked by staying isolated from the community and the presence of humans could make life miserable and less satisfactory than the time immortality was granted. Therefore, immortality should be defined more as a curse than a blessing because it could conflict one with negative emotions when one triesby trying to keep their one’s identity secret from society.

In conclusion, people have imagined being in a state of being immortal as a gift and blessing. However, one’s perception of immortality should be reconsidered due to its negative aspects of resulting in depression, losing life’s quality, and isolation from the community that could possibly result in negatively influencing one’s mental wellbeing. In other words, immortality shouldn’t be regarded as a blessing but rather a curse since it gives more negative influence to one’s life in exchange for an everlasting lifespan. Now, if humanity is askedgives their question once again about their desire for immortality, I doubt the answer will be yes to being in a state of immortality.Immortality, the state of living forever by avoiding death, has been one of the greatest desires of humans for centuries. Qin Shi Huang searched the whole country for a mythical herb that he believed would give him eternal life. Although his quest has failed, humanity’s fascination and interest in immortality grew. However, despite immortality’s fame, it is a controversial question whether immortality is truly a blessing or a curse.

Immortality might not be a blessing to one’s life after all, regarding the fact that it could make life meaningless. Because time is limited, people are motivated to follow their dreams and cherish the relationship between their families and friends. But if an individual is granted immortality, time will be unlimited, and the subject who is immortal will not have the urgency to accomplish their desires and dreams. With endless time availableavailabiliety, people will most likely postpone their tasks and ambitions, since those goals could be accomplished in their life due to being in a state of immortality. Ultimately, life will become meaningless by losing its quality of time. When death becomes avoidable, the value of time will significantly deteriorate, making the time spent with family and friends less important and ending up eliminating the factor of “urgency” in one’s life. As a result, urgency, or the factor that drivesderives people to valueonto valuing relationships and the given time, will ultimately be gone after immortality is granted, proving that immortality is a curse rather than a blessing.

Furthermore, I believe that immortality is a curse rather than a blessing because in return for eternal life, it can cause severe emotional suffering. If one person is destined to live forever while people around that person eventually die, he or she will experience survivor’s guilt. In other words, the subject that is granted immortality will suffer from the thought that he or she is the only one who is alive while the other people are dead. As a result, one might possibly avoid making family members because they will anyways experience the grief of losing someone he or she loved repeatedly. Therefore, I believe that immortality will lead to depression and emotional guilt every time someone the person with immortality loved passes away. This vividly suggests that immortality is not a blessing but a curse.

In addition, immortality should be defined more as a curse than a blessing because isolation will be required for hiding one’s identity of being immortal. If the public and community find out that a person is immortal, privacy and personal time will be limited, resulting in extreme stress and burden psychologically. Furthermore, there could potentially be scientific experiments conducted on an immortal person, since studying an immortal person would help humanity answer its questions and expand its knowledge. As the life of an immortal person turns out to be rather stressful and continues with anxiety, it would be risky to stay public to people. As a result, one should stay isolated from humanity and the world, creating emotions that could lead to depression, such as loneliness, boredom, and despair. These emotions provoked by staying isolated from the community and the presence of humans could make life miserable and less satisfactory than the time immortality was granted. Therefore, immortality should be defined more as a curse than a blessing because it could conflict one with negative emotions when one triesby trying to keep their one’s identity secret from society.

In conclusion, people have imagined being in a state of being immortal as a gift and blessing. However, one’s perception of immortality should be reconsidered due to its negative aspects of resulting in depression, losing life’s quality, and isolation from the community that could possibly result in negatively influencing one’s mental wellbeing. In other words, immortality shouldn’t be regarded as a blessing but rather a curse since it gives more negative influence to one’s life in exchange for an everlasting lifespan. Now, if humanity is askedgives their question once again about their desire for immortality, I doubt the answer will be yes to being in a state of immortality.

After the existence of AI became generalized in our community, tasks that normally took 5 hours were easily solvedwithin several clicks.

Despite the fact that AI has become a well-known tool since 2023, people are not fully aware of how to use AI efficiently.

Commonly, people visit the widely known “ ChatGPT ,” “Gemini, “ and other AI tools that are popular within communities.

Sure, AI communication agents are definitely useful and convenient casually .

However, it is only a matter of time before your usage limits are reached , and you downgrade to a lower version.

So why not use our brains for once to actually get things done properly with AI?
Today, I have brought you 3 AI cheat keys to help you work smarter instead of harder.

1. Napkin AI

Tired of making graphs for your PPT presentation for your boss and professors?

This AI solves everything.

Paste in the content that you want your graph to have and boom ! You have a finished graph in no time.

But it’s not just graphs ; it can be anything.

From demonstrative images to decorative content tables , Napkin AI has everything settled for your convenience.

ChatGPT usually tells you, “You’ve reached the limit for GPT-5 messages. Your limit will reset at [time].”

It becomes frustrating when this happens and you have to work on the rest of your task independently.

So why not go to Napkin AI for some help when your limit for the AI image generator hits?

Below is Napkin AI’s work .

2. Granola

It becomes really annoying when it comes to jotting down the informations and the key points from conversations and meetings with your company members and your boss.

Once in a while, it seems that your hand just couldn’t follow the speaker’s speed pace, and tend to get left behind.

Granola has it all in control.

Granola AI agent will note all the important key points the speaker has mentioned in a blink of an eye.

Now, you could say good-bye to your frustrating, annoying, and start looking at the speaker’s face for once instead of your note-taking paper.

2. Granola

It becomes really annoying when it comes to jotting down the informations and the key points from conversations and meetings with your company members and your boss.

Once in a while, it seems that your hand just couldn’t follow the speaker’s speed pace, and tend to get left behind.

Granola has it all in control.

Granola AI agent will note all the important key points the speaker has mentioned in a blink of an eye.

Now, you could say good-bye to your frustrating, annoying, and start looking at the speaker’s face for once instead of your note-taking paper.

3. Genspark

Genspark is an artificial intelligence device that could be used very conveniently without disturbance.

People usually get tired of finding a source to cite either in school assessment or official papers / reports.

In other case, it becomes depressing when you lose the sources you have prepared to cite by accidentally dismissing the homepage in chrome or Safari.

Genspark dissolves all those inconvenience and complaints all at once.

By creating sources and links you could copy and paste in a citing generators (MLA cite machine as an example), Genspark provides you with dozens of sources that are credible to use.

Now you have Genspark, you won’t have to worry about having a whole adventure to find a reliable and relatable sources when you got to finish other work.

Last Words

I’m not the best person who could find when you need advice during school assignments and company reports.

But I definitely could provide you some artificial intelligence sources to make works more comfortable to deal with.

Next time you try to work with AI, try to researching some useful AI devices you could utilize.

Perhaps you could give your body some rest while your AI agent finish tasks that aren’t really designed for humans to do.

Block quotes are a nice way to put a quote or excerpt from a source. They make it clear that it is a quote.

Of course, you can also do bold, italic, links, and all that good stuff.

Headings and Embeddings

You can have headings in posts. Just use the “Style” list in the toolbar. You can also embed different types of content. To add an image, just drag it in here or use the image selector tool in the toolbar.

For a tweet, YouTube video, Vimeo video, Spotify track, or SoundCloud embed, just paste the relevant link on a new line (don’t grab the embed code; it won’t work).

To delete a post, click on the Settings button (just to the left of Publish), and scroll down and find the delete button.

Publishing Changes

You have two publishing options:

1. Publish – this publishes your post only to the web.

2. Publish & Send – this publishes your post to the web and at the same time sends the post out by email.

Note: Once you have sent an email out, the only way to send it again is to create an entirely new post. Any edits you make to a post that has already been published will only be reflected on the web. So, there’s no need to worry about accidentally spamming your subscribers with repeat emails.

Finally, if you import posts from some other site’s archives, you can backdate them so they are published in the correct order and associated with the correct publication dates. To do so, after you have published a post, go into that post’s Settings (just to the left of the Publish button) and select the desired date.

If you have any questions, you can check out our Help Center or contact support!

TOEFL has recently been updated as of early 2026, and many of its features have changed.

The reading section has become slightly easier, and email questions are now frequently asked. In addition, 3-4 paragraph passages have been replaced by 1-2 paragraph articles.

The listening section has become shorter compared to past TOEFL listening tests.
(Below is the change that was made)

Before (older TOEFL format)

• 3–4 reading passages

• 10 questions per passage

• 30–40 questions total

• 54–72 minutes
  

Current TOEFL iBT format (2026)

• 2 reading passages

• 10 questions per passage

• 20 questions total

• 35 minutes
  

However, the section that has undergone the most significant changes is the writing section.

Previously, the TOEFL writing section was composed of two different tasks.
The first task is known as integrated writing , where academic discussions are given to task-takers to read and support the claims stated in the discussion.

The second task was known as the independent essay, where test-takers had to rely on their opinions and logic to convey their claims throughout the essay.

From 2026, ETS decided to eliminate the independent essay and replace it with a question format that requires coming up with an academic discussion of your own by reading a professor’s and two students’ questions.

Furthermore, the word count range was also updated from 300-400 words to 200-300 words, following the time limit change from 50 minutes to 30 minutes.

At a quick glance, time management might be easier since the necessary word count for a valid answer has beenshortened. However, we should keep in mind that the time limit has also been reduced , making it more scarce for test-takers than usual.

Considering these dramatic changes made to the writing sections of the TOEFL iBT test, it is undoubtedly evident that the old advice provided by your mentors and textbooks will no longer be effective .

Taking the test with only your fundamental knowledge and understanding of the TOEFL test will likely result in scores that may not satisfy you. To update your knowledge about the TOEFL writing section, I have come up with two tips to excel in the 2026 TOEFL writing section.

Today, I will focus on how to write the academic discussion for task 2 of the 2026 TOEFL iBT writing section.

WRITING AN ACADEMIC DISCUSSION

After the removal of independent writing, writing an academic discussion became task 2 of the TOEFL iBT for 2026.

Unlike the independent writing task, which required developing one’s own opinion, it is now necessary for an individual to fully understand the academic discussion’s prompt and topic.

As a result, reading comprehension has become just as important as the reading section. Test-takers should be fully awareof the current discussion and perspectives of students and professors who are presenting their own questions and opinions in the academic discussions.

Using the understanding gained from the discussion, formulating your own ideas and reasoning based on the students’ claims is key to achieving a good score. In other words, given the limited time of 10 minutes, introductions, body paragraphs, and conclusions are not essential for one’s response.

Instead, one should concentrate on formulating a single CER (Claim, Evidence, Reasoning) paragraph to smoothly convey one’s opinion and reasoning regarding a specific topic.

Below is an example of task 2, Writing for an Academic Discussion:

‘“Although I understand Susan’s perspective on protecting the environment, I believe that prioritizing economic growth should take precedence , as economic growth will ultimately lead to long-term solutions. A strong economy provides people with jobs , money, housing , and a better quality of life . Furthermore, economic growth will enable governments and officials to invest in innovations and campaigns to support environmental sustainability programs. As Alex suggested, a strong economic status is necessary for addressing the environmental problems we face , making economic strength important for protecting our environment. Despite the fact that environmental problems are currently surfacing , I believe that improving economic welfare should come first, instead of focusing solely on protecting our environment for future generations.”

In the above paragraph, the structure is as follows:

Sentence 1: State your own opinion directly while using a natural transition phrase.

Sentence 2: Explain what the proposal could result in.

Sentence 3: Develop your ideas based on your original idea from sentence 2 to explain your evidence.

Sentence 4: Relate your reasoning or evidence from sentences 3 and 4 to support the statements you have made.

Sentence 5: Close your paragraph with a concluding sentence by paraphrasing what you have stated .

By following the guide above, your writing will become more focused on the updated TOEFL writing section task 2. In the July 22nd post, I will focus on how to write a good essay for your integrated writing in task 2.

This included large corporations ticks such as SK Hynix, Samsung, and Hyundai Motors

For Hynix stocks, what once was worth 75 dollars became 1,231 dollars which brought 320% benefit to the stock owner.

Other stocks, also raised prices significantly and made stock market that almost anybody could succeed.

But here is the big question now: “Is it a good idea to invest money on stocks in current status when the stock prices are remaining in such high prices?”

SK Hynix

Korea’s Stock Market Is Surging

Since the beginning of 2026, Korea’s stock market has experienced a significant surge. This includes large corporations such as SK Hynix, Samsung Electronics, and Hyundai Motor. For SK Hynix, what was once worth around $75 has risen dramatically, bringing substantial returns to many investors. Other major stocks have also increased significantly, making the Korean stock market one of the strongest-performing markets this year.

But here is the big question:

Is it still a good idea to invest in stocks now that prices are already so high?

SK Hynix

SK Hynix is one of the most well-known semiconductor-producing companies in the world. Its headquarters are located in Icheon, South Korea, and it is continuously expanding its global operations and manufacturing facilities.

Its main products are DRAM and HBM chips, including HBM3, HBM3E, and HBM4. However, the company is also preparing to produce HBM4E and is currently providing samples to its customers.

Despite the fact that SK Hynix’s stock has increased tremendously, we must acknowledge that AI technology is still developing, and the demand for advanced electronic devices continues to grow. This means that semiconductors, SK Hynix’s main products, are likely to remain in high demand for years to come.

In other words, it may not be too late to invest in SK Hynix. If you are considering this stock, it may be better to aim for long-term growth rather than short-term profits. The stock has remained relatively stable over the past few days after its strong rally. However, based on the company’s financial performance and the increasing demand for HBM chips in the AI industry, SK Hynix still has strong long-term growth potential.

If you decide to invest, it is always wise to use spare money rather than money you may need in the near future. Also, consider waiting for a reasonable entry price instead of buying immediately after a large rally.

End of Part 1

• Further stock recommendations in Part 2 on July 21, 2026.

End of Part 1

• Further stock recommendations in Part 2 on July 21, 2026.

Task management has become much simpler, and tasks that would originally take three hours can now be finished withjust a few questions to artificial intelligence.

Now the real question is, “How can we actually use AI effectively instead of worrying about the negative influences it might have on our society ?”

So today, I have prepared the top three digital tools that could help you manage your tasks effectively and make you feel like you are cheating.

TOP 3: ZeroGPT

ZeroGPT is a widely known website that teachers and professors use to check for plagiarism caused by AI.

However, there are ways people can use it while avoiding AI plagiarism inspection.

In ZeroGPT, there are multiple selections in the column for functions.

If you want to fix your grammar entirely and make your style fancier, choose the AI grammar check and paste your writing inside it.

That way, you can enhance your essay while being able to deliver your tone or thesis clearly.

But please make sure to check the content again , as this method could change your writing style.

(Also , there are usually many tools in ZeroGPT that can be used conveniently for writers, so keep in touch with the link below to upgrade your writing. )

https://www.zerogpt.com

—-————————————————————
TOP 2: Perplexity

Have you ever tired of finding sources for your research project by ineffectively utilizing ChatGPT?

Well , this tool can do the job for you.

Perplexity is an AI-powered engine that provides trustworthy online sources for your research projects and reports without raising warnings for plagiarism.

Perplexity gives you answers to the questions you ask while also providing you with the sources it used.

In recommendation, this website might be very convenient if you are trying to find sources to cite in your writing to prove they are credible sources .

TOP 1: NotebookLM (made by Google )

Last but not least, we have NotebookLM.

This is also an AI -engineered program that summarizes PDFs , texts, or other online sources.

Imagine you have one hour before a major company report or chapter text exam, but you haven ‘t studied or prepared at all.

Well, this tool will be the problem-solver.

NotebookLM will effectively extract all the information and key points from a PDF within minutes.

Ask questions such as...

“Can you summarize chapter 4, please?”

“Can you give me the main points of this submitted report?”

And NotebookLM will provide you with all the information you need and categorize unnecessary information, leaving itout for you.

Last Words

My last word is, “Let’s try using this AI era as an opportunity instead of just a risky event” (even though it is , in particular ways).
Maybe you will end up gaining thousands of subscribers to your newsletter by using these online tools wisely.
So today, check out these three AI -engineered devices for your convenience.

In 1348, the Black Death struck Europe and caused a medical crisis all over the nation.

In Europe alone, the Black Death caused more than 25 million casualties and provoked four years of a bubonic plague pandemic around the globe.

It is how the world has reshaped according to the abrupt death that occurred in our daily life.

Recently, artificial intelligence has been introduced to humanity, and it has altered diverse perspectives of our lives .
From homework to company reports , artificial intelligence can help you accomplish tasks more conveniently if you simply command it.

Now , the lesson that we learned from the Black Death isn’t that plague pandemics can cause immense damage to our society, but that abrupt changes in our society reform the way we live.

After the Black Death broke out due to Yersinia pestis, which infected rodents that would later infect humans, wages in terms of the harsh environment increased. As laborers became scarce , citizens were locked in their homes by the government to prevent further infections, which influenced Europe’s development in economics and science.

Things were not so different with AI’s takeover. AI has been taking over human jobs, forcing governments to impose regulations .

Governments have been enacting new enforcement and laws about AI, which is currently influencing how humanity is accelerating.

In other words, the Black Death and the rise of AI do not have many differences.

First and foremost, AI has greatly influenced people’s jobs , while the Black Death was surprisingly influential inoccupations.

Before the Black Death broke out, low wages for physical labor were common due to abundant supplies of laborers coming from Europe’s immense population.

However, after the Black Death pandemic nearly killed 40% of Europe’s population, the supply of laborers eventually decreased drastically. As a result, the demand for workers increased , while the supply started to run out.

Eventually, there was a scarcity of workers for hire during the Black Death pandemic, and demand-pull inflation occurred , resulting in increased wages for laborers.

For the rise of artificial intelligence, the impact on occupations is different, but it still influences many aspects of careerareas. After artificial intelligence began to be used globally among countries starting in 2024, many jobs were threatened and employment rates plummeted drastically.

In Klarna, a Swedish financial technology company, it was declared that they would no longer depend on physical laborers but rather on artificial intelligence for more efficient task accomplishment . Moreover, jobs such as coding , data entry, translation , and even cashier work are in danger of being replaced by AI, leading to a loss of income opportunities .

This suggests that the Black Death and the rise of AI have both significantly influenced the aspects of occupation, creating either high or low demands for workers. In addition, the Black Death and AI not only influenced humanity occupationally but also enforced governments to make regulations.

When the Black Death broke out, European governments made the decision to lock infected citizens inside their homes bynailing the doors shut to prevent further infections.

After the rise of AI starting in 2022, governments were also compelled to regulate laws regarding artificial intelligence to prevent damage to people ‘s financial, informational, and economic well-being.

For instance, the Act on the Development of Artificial Intelligence and Establishment of Trust (AI Basic Act), thePersonal Information Protection Act (PIPA), and AI-generated content labeling regulations were enacted in Korea to ensure societal well-being after the release of ChatGPT in 2022.

These laws , enforced by most European and South Korean governments, show that immense regulatory changes must beaddressed to sudden, abrupt changes that took place in our daily lives , demonstrating no difference in how the Black Death and artificial intelligence influenced our communities .

In conclusion, the significance of the Black Death isn’t just in the numbers of casualties ; it lies in the changes brought about after the sudden pandemic occurred .

Occupation wages were forced to increase due to demand-pull , and governments were compelled to create regulations for public welfare . These changes are not so contradictory to the changes AI has brought to our daily lives.

Occupational threats to engineers and data analysts and the influence on government decisions to establish new laws to control AI closely align with the changes caused by the Black Death .

These two abrupt changes in our lives suggest that such shifts often bring changes to two main factors : economics and legislation .

Now , I would be doubtful that one could say the Black Death was merely a pandemic rather than a proof of how the world will change to address future transformations .

Maybe you don’t have to write the whole essay or article for your Substack post and can simply request ChatGPT to make one for you. The truth is that people are becoming less active in completing tasks because all you have to do is post a simple comment in an A.I. program, and you’ll get a finished piece in a few seconds that you couldn’t have completed in a few hours.

Now the compelling question is, “Does the technology boom in the 2020s improve life quality, yet make people less capable and responsible?”
The technology boom in the early 2020s seems, at first glance, wonderful. Life has become easier for many people, and finishing tasks has become possible without using as much effort as in the past. That is actually true.
For instance, let’s assume that one businessman is writing a report for his boss. Normally, it would take him roughly over two hours to finish the report. However, after artificial intelligence emerged, he can now ask the A.I . to simply summarize the points and paraphrase to finish his report.

Without a doubt, tasks and assignments have become unimaginably efficient and accessible due to the development of modern technology. What once required a tremendous amount of effort is now accessible within a few seconds.

However, while technology has brought convenience to our daily lives , it also presents significant concerns. Of course, online applications such as ChatGPT , Gemini, Claude AI, and ZeroGPT have become tools that make task processing much more productive . However, they hinder self-dependence and weaken people’s ability to be independent .

Now it leaves the question, “Should we use the new technologies developed by people frequently ?”

Recently, in late 2025 and early 2026, the Korean government started to implement stricter policies regarding the spreadof unaccredited schools. In the past, schools that were not approved by the government or Provincial Office of Educationwere illegal, yet the policy wasn’t strictly enforced, and unauthorized schools began to multiply in number . Eventually, during early 2026, unaccredited schools were forced to shut down, leaving hundreds of students to be relocated to different learning environments.

Many schools that sent most of their students to Ivy League institutions such as F*****, S**** *****, and M*** are in danger of being forced to shut down. This crisis is making parents anxious about the “worst scenario” because their children will not have anywhere to go if that situation occurs . Unauthorized schools are not permitted by the government, so they do not receive any support from the government , including academic qualifications . Even though one student has graduated middle school, Korean education centers do not recognize this educational background and do not allow a student to advance to the next grade if they transition to public schools. This is raising many concerns for parents nationwide regarding unauthorized international schools and putting current high school students at risk of failing to graduate to college.

Due to the spread of this policy , numerous students are facing difficulties in transitioning to different schools or facilities. However, even though the restriction of unauthorized schools initiated Korea’s educational crisis for international schools (leaving 130 schools and 26,000 students at risk of being shut down), this action should have been executed in the past. Numerous unauthorized schools have been scamming their students and parents regarding admission fees , and cults such as Shincheonji Church of Jesus have been establishing unaccredited education centers to further expand their religion. Unfortunately, from the Korean government’s perspective , banning unauthorized international schools might have been an unavoidable measure to prevent further damage to society.

In conclusion, it is true that current high school and middle school students (especially 8th graders ) have sufferedsignificant setbacks to their academics due to the new policy implemented by the Korean government. However, it might have been the necessary action taken to prevent damage caused by cults and fraudulent unauthorized schools. Yet, it remains unclear whether large - scale unauthorized schools will be able to evade restrictions, but it is evident that parental anxiety is growing nationwide.

Sources used: All sources are found from credible Korean articles and minister of education

https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20210125071900063

https://www.donga.com/news/Society/article/all/20260430/133839047/2

https://www.moe.go.kr/boardCnts/viewRenew.do?boardID=294&boardSeq=106018&lev=0&searchType=null&statusYN=W&page=1&s=moe&m=020402&opType=N

https://chunchu.yonsei.ac.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=33155

- Chat GPT is an excellent answer provider, but it is also a proficient teacher depending on the situation. It explains concepts thoroughly, so try asking for an explanation of why the answer to a question is in that form instead of just asking for the answer.
“What is the answer to this ________?” -----) “Explain ____ to me and its concepts.”

2. Start asking something you want to repeatedly to Chat GPT.

- Chat GPT has a tendency to develop its knowledge on the things you are interested in. The more you ask, the more specific answers it will provide that could help you as it analyzes what you are curious about. So just spend 15-30 minutes asking Chat GPT any topics you are curious about, and it will get the hang of what you REALLY WANT.

3. Don’t ask short questions: the longer the question is, the better it is.

- Despite its broad areas of knowledge, Chat GPT cannot respond with an answer that fulfills your desire if you ask questions that are not vivid or are too short.

(E.G: “Improve my writing.”) In this case, Chat GPT will not know in what ways it can improve your writing. If such questions are asked, it will poke around random details that you want to keep instead of focusing on the parts you want to develop, ultimately resulting in failure.

“Improve my writing.” -----) “Can you improve my writing in _____ areas , fix only grammar errors , and leave my writing style as it is without touching any content?”