<script data-pm-proxy="intercept"></script><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" version="2.0" xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:googleplay="http://www.google.com/schemas/play-podcasts/1.0"><channel><title><![CDATA[VPRO Buitenland]]></title><description><![CDATA[VPRO Buitenland]]></description><link>https://vprobuitenland.substack.com</link><image><url>https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!blHf!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fvprobuitenland.substack.com%2Fimg%2Fsubstack.png</url><title>VPRO Buitenland</title><link>https://vprobuitenland.substack.com</link></image><generator>Substack</generator><lastBuildDate>Tue, 01 Sep 2026 19:23:10 GMT</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><copyright><![CDATA[VPRO Buitenland]]></copyright><language><![CDATA[nl]]></language><webMaster><![CDATA[vprobuitenland@substack.com]]></webMaster><itunes:owner><itunes:email><![CDATA[vprobuitenland@substack.com]]></itunes:email><itunes:name><![CDATA[VPRO Buitenland]]></itunes:name></itunes:owner><itunes:author><![CDATA[VPRO Buitenland]]></itunes:author><googleplay:owner><![CDATA[vprobuitenland@substack.com]]></googleplay:owner><googleplay:email><![CDATA[vprobuitenland@substack.com]]></googleplay:email><googleplay:author><![CDATA[VPRO Buitenland]]></googleplay:author><itunes:block><![CDATA[Yes]]></itunes:block><item><title><![CDATA[Oorlog op veilige afstand]]></title><description><![CDATA[Terwijl mijn voeten in de oase staan, glippen mijn vingers door de spijlen naar de andere kant. Ik kijk nog een keer achterom: groen, vogels, zon, rust. Ik kijk vooruit: vlakte, droogte, brom, niets.]]></description><link>https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/oorlog-op-veilige-afstand</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/oorlog-op-veilige-afstand</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[VPRO Buitenland]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 01 Sep 2026 10:03:34 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!glEY!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0f1a7da6-276e-42ff-8b6f-739aaad1bf26_1600x1200.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5UlN!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58a95a61-8cfd-4c7f-97ff-bad1c4f560ed_599x602.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58a95a61-8cfd-4c7f-97ff-bad1c4f560ed_599x602.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5UlN!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58a95a61-8cfd-4c7f-97ff-bad1c4f560ed_599x602.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" 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y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Iris Hendriks is redacteur voor verschillende programma&#8217;s op onze buitenlandvloer. Het afgelopen jaar legde ze bijzondere contacten met mensen uit Isra&#235;l en de Palestijnse gebieden. </p><div><hr></div><p><span>Verscholen in de bossen rond Apeldoorn ligt een asielzoekerscentrum. Eind maart stond ik er voor het eerst op de stoep. Een Gazaanse journalist met wie ik al langere tijd contact heb, had me gevraagd of ik een vriendin van hem en haar familie wilde ontmoeten. Ze waren nog maar drie dagen in Nederland en kenden hier nog niemand.</span></p><p><span>Ik twijfelde.</span></p><p><span>De genocidale oorlog die ik al jaren vanaf een veilige afstand volgde, kwam ineens heel dichtbij. En misschien was het geen toeval. Drie maanden eerder, rond kerst en oud en nieuw, was ik nog in Isra&#235;l en de Palestijnse gebieden. Een &#8216;staakt-het-vuren&#8217; was in oktober uitgeroepen. De levende Isra&#235;lische gijzelaars waren teruggekeerd naar huis, de bombardementen in Gaza gingen door.</span></p><h3><span>&#8216;Bring Them Home Now&#8217;</span></h3><p><span>Als journalist in Hilversum werd mijn behoefte om mijn bureau te verruilen voor een hotelkamer in Tel Aviv steeds groter. Ik wilde terug naar de regio waar ik als student een tijd had gezeten. Ik had een hoofd vol vragen en je kunt veel feiten kennen over een regio, maar om het beter te begrijpen, moet je er fysiek zijn. </span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t7np!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F06498946-a982-4289-a800-e5dbcb9a3fd1_1036x694.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t7np!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F06498946-a982-4289-a800-e5dbcb9a3fd1_1036x694.jpeg 424w, 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class="image-caption">&#169; Iris Hendriks</figcaption></figure></div><p><span>Aangekomen in Tel Aviv, lees ik de levensgrote woorden </span><em><span>&#8216;Bring Them Home Now&#8217;</span></em><strong><span>, </span></strong><span>op de muren van het hostel waar ik ooit werkte. Ik zie de slogan terug in bushokjes, ramen van koffietentjes en zelfs op t-shirts van voorbijgangers. Gele lintjes en vlaggetjes, het teken van de gijzelaars, hangen er ook nog volop. Sommigen zijn inmiddels verweerd. Stuk gewapperd in de berm langs een drukke weg. Niemand die er nog naar om lijkt te kijken, maar ook niemand die ze weghaalt. </span></p><h3><span>Dode soldaten</span></h3><p><span>Op een treinstation zie ik een Isra&#235;lische soldaat met een geweer om zijn lichaam stilstaan bij een zuil met stickers. Op de stickers staan de gezichten van omgekomen collega&#8217;s. Jonge, vrolijke gezichten, met hun motto of lijfspreuk erbij. Ik vraag me af wat hij zelf op zijn sticker zou zetten. Zou het hem bemoedigen dit te lezen, of een pijnlijke confrontatie met de realiteit?</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fvBs!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a28e94c-afe6-4f91-b1cf-aa990653837d_1320x866.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fvBs!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a28e94c-afe6-4f91-b1cf-aa990653837d_1320x866.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fvBs!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a28e94c-afe6-4f91-b1cf-aa990653837d_1320x866.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fvBs!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a28e94c-afe6-4f91-b1cf-aa990653837d_1320x866.png" width="1320" height="866" 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a28e94c-afe6-4f91-b1cf-aa990653837d_1320x866.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fvBs!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a28e94c-afe6-4f91-b1cf-aa990653837d_1320x866.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fvBs!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a28e94c-afe6-4f91-b1cf-aa990653837d_1320x866.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fvBs!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7a28e94c-afe6-4f91-b1cf-aa990653837d_1320x866.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" 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class="image-caption">&#169; Iris Hendriks</figcaption></figure></div><p><span>Op de Westelijke Jordaanoever zie ik iets soortgelijks. Geen stickers, maar gezichten van omgekomen Palestijnen op muren en deuren. Ook hier krijgen de doden, door Palestijnen martelaren genoemd, een plek in het straatbeeld. Geen lijfspreuk erbij, maar graffiti van schimmen met een datum, alsof hun zielen nog door de straten dwalen.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!l0u7!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F51bff0af-1c49-4da6-a831-0c6eb2fae37a_1052x605.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!l0u7!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F51bff0af-1c49-4da6-a831-0c6eb2fae37a_1052x605.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!l0u7!, 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F51bff0af-1c49-4da6-a831-0c6eb2fae37a_1052x605.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!l0u7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F51bff0af-1c49-4da6-a831-0c6eb2fae37a_1052x605.jpeg" width="1052" height="605" 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F51bff0af-1c49-4da6-a831-0c6eb2fae37a_1052x605.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!l0u7!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F51bff0af-1c49-4da6-a831-0c6eb2fae37a_1052x605.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Aysar Safi (20) die door Isra&#235;lische militairen werd doodgeschoten tijdens een demonstratie tegen de oorlog in Gaza &#169; Iris Hendriks</figcaption></figure></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneer nu&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Abonneer nu</span></a></p><h3><span>Kerst met Palestijnen</span></h3><p><span>Mijn reis is er een van het uitersten. Ik luister naar getuigenissen van Palestijnse ex-gevangenen die vertellen over marteling, vernedering en honger in Isra&#235;lische gevangenissen. Ik schuif aan bij Isra&#235;li&#235;rs die hun huis en verhaal met me delen en vier kerst met Palestijnen in Haifa. Op het Novafestival struin ik door een veld met foto&#8217;s van omgekomen Isra&#235;lische jongvolwassenen. Touringcars rijden af en aan, het is druk. En dat heeft ook wat ongemakkelijks.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xLM1!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff03d6ed0-b3e6-4167-b1f0-3c5bba85831a_1600x900.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xLM1!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff03d6ed0-b3e6-4167-b1f0-3c5bba85831a_1600x900.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xLM1!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, 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class="image-caption">&#169; Iris Hendriks</figcaption></figure></div><p><span>Er was &#233;&#233;n plek waar ik nooit kon komen: Gaza. </span>Isra&#235;l laat sinds 7 oktober nog steeds geen buitenlandse journalisten toe.</p><p><span>In kibboets Nirim, een van de aangevallen kibboetsen op 7 oktober, ben ik het dichtstbij.</span></p><h3><span>Tekens van leven en dood</span></h3><p><span>Avi Dabush, vredesactivist en inwoner van de kibboets, neemt me mee. Nirim is een groene oase. Er zijn vogels, heel veel vogels. Meer dan wij in Nederland zien of horen. Als ik over het terrein loop, zie ik een toegetakelde jeep, een kapot legervoertuig en een speeltuin met een bordje waarop staat dat die in 2025 is gedoneerd aan de families van de kibboets. Kleine tekens van de slachtpartij die hier heeft plaatsgevonden. <br><br>Avi heeft vrienden en geliefden verloren op 7 oktober. Tegelijkertijd runt hij de NGO Rabbis for Human Rights, die zich onder andere inzet voor de mensenrechten van Palestijnen op de Westelijke Jordaanoever.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cj0p!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdb32fd23-435b-40dc-ae77-e05e18d307d9_1600x900.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cj0p!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdb32fd23-435b-40dc-ae77-e05e18d307d9_1600x900.jpeg 424w, 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class="image-caption">De Kibboets &#169; Iris Hendriks</figcaption></figure></div><p><span>Ik mag even alleen rondlopen in de kibboets. Ik loop door de tuintjes, langs kleine huizen die doen denken aan een vakantieoord. Ik zoek het begin en het einde. De grens die ons scheidt van het paradijs en de hel. Hoe ver zijn die twee kilometer naar Gaza vraag ik me af.</span></p><h3><span>IJzeren hek en prikkeldraad</span></h3><p><span>Dan stuit ik op een ijzeren hek met bovenop opgerold prikkeldraad. Het geluid van de vogels wordt overstemd door een eentonige brom. Drones boven Gaza. Ik ken het geluid alleen van video&#8217;s, maar ineens is het er echt. Terwijl mijn voeten in de oase staan, glippen mijn vingers door de spijlen naar de andere kant. Ik kijk nog een keer achterom: groen, vogels, zon, rust. Ik kijk vooruit: vlakte, droogte, brom, niets.</span></p><p>Dichterbij kan ik niet komen.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!glEY!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0f1a7da6-276e-42ff-8b6f-739aaad1bf26_1600x1200.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!glEY!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0f1a7da6-276e-42ff-8b6f-739aaad1bf26_1600x1200.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!glEY!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, 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class="image-caption">&#169; Iris Hendriks</figcaption></figure></div><p><span>Op nog geen twintig minuten lopen van mij vandaan liggen tienduizenden doden, honderdduizenden gewonden en miljoenen verscheurde levens. Avi vertelt me dat ze &#8216;s nachts de bombardementen op Gaza horen. Er zitten scheuren in hun muren, die kosten gaan ze verhalen op Isra&#235;l.</span></p><h3><span>Wachten op de toekomst</span></h3><p><span>Twee maanden later ontmoet ik in Nederland een prachtige Palestijnse jonge vrouw: Ghazal.</span></p><p><span>Ghazal is 25 en kwam samen met haar moeder en zusje via Zuid-Afrika naar Nederland. Ik had tijdens onze eerste ontmoeting nog niet voor mogelijk gehouden dat ik regelmatig met de familie zou eten, dat ik hun trouwfotograaf zou worden en dat ik, ondanks het vreselijke leed, zoveel met ze zou lachen. We lachen om de verschillen tussen de Nederlandse en Palestijnse cultuur. We praten over mannen, hobby&#8217;s, werk en vakantie. En over later.</span></p><p><span>Later, als de familie een huis heeft in Nederland. Later, als ze de andere helft van hun familie weer in de armen kunnen sluiten. Want haar vader, zus en broer zijn nog in Gaza. Later, als het geweld stopt en beelden van bombardementen in hun eigen straat niet meer tijdens het eten op hun telefoon verschijnen.</span></p><p><span>Later, als de toekomst weer iets is om plannen voor te maken, in plaats van iets waar je alleen maar op kunt wachten.</span></p><p><span>Ik kon Gaza niet in toen ik in Isra&#235;l was. Maar Gaza kwam wel naar mij. En nu ik mijn volgende reis naar Isra&#235;l en de Palestijnse gebieden aan het plannen ben, kan ik, hoe pijnlijk ook, dichter bij hun familie komen dan zij.</span></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneren&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;nl&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Wil je meer lezen van de buitenlandvloer? Abonneer je hier gratis:</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Typ je e-mailadres&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Abonneren"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Wat bied je een land dat alles al heeft?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Ze zijn welvarender dan gemiddeld in de EU, hebben een hoge levensverwachting en staan op de tweede plek van de wereldwijde geluksranglijst. Wat heeft de Europese Unie IJsland te bieden?]]></description><link>https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/wat-bied-je-een-land-dat-alles-al</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/wat-bied-je-een-land-dat-alles-al</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[VPRO Buitenland]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 28 Aug 2026 11:16:59 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6a053504-9eeb-45ef-a1db-16fa1bc708b5_974x674.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tcZH!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6c5e13f1-0271-46b5-8bd5-1300809864b5_3372x3200.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tcZH!, 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6c5e13f1-0271-46b5-8bd5-1300809864b5_3372x3200.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tcZH!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6c5e13f1-0271-46b5-8bd5-1300809864b5_3372x3200.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" 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y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><span>Tom Dohle is de nieuwe presentator van </span><em>Europa Draait Door</em><span> en volgde de afgelopen week de aanstaande verkiezingen in IJsland op de voet. Daarvoor sprak hij met J&#243;n Trausti Sigur&#240;arson, journalist bij het weekblad </span><em>The Reykjav&#237;k Grapevine</em><span>.</span></p><div><hr></div><p>Zaterdag stemmen IJslanders over het heropenen van toetredingsgesprekken met de Europese Unie. Maar wat heeft de EU die rijke, gelukkige IJslanders eigenlijk te bieden? </p><p><span>Goed, IJslanders stemmen zaterdag eigenlijk helemaal niet over toetreding tot de Europese Unie. Op het stembiljet staat of het land de gesprekken met Brussel moet hervatten, de gesprekken die in 2013 strandden. Maar zoals vaker gebeurt bij Europese referenda haalt het voorbehoud de voorpagina niet.</span></p><p><span>&#8217;Het nee-kamp probeert kiezers wijs te maken dat als we ja zeggen bij dit referendum, we dan tot de EU toetreden. Dat is overduidelijk niet waar. En toch lijkt het tot op zekere hoogte te werken,&#8221; zegt J&#243;n Trausti Sigur&#240;arson, journalist bij het weekblad </span><em><span>The Reykjav&#237;k Grapevine, </span></em><span>over Zoom</span><em><span>. </span></em><span>En dus gaat het debat in IJsland wel degelijk over de v&#243;&#243;r- en nadelen van uiteindelijk lidmaatschap.</span></p><p><em><span>(tekst loopt onder de foto door)</span></em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SzY9!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4671d3d2-49fa-4e28-af13-420abcc8d9f5_1920x1280.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SzY9!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4671d3d2-49fa-4e28-af13-420abcc8d9f5_1920x1280.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SzY9!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4671d3d2-49fa-4e28-af13-420abcc8d9f5_1920x1280.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SzY9!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4671d3d2-49fa-4e28-af13-420abcc8d9f5_1920x1280.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SzY9!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4671d3d2-49fa-4e28-af13-420abcc8d9f5_1920x1280.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" 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class="image-caption">Arbeiders plaatsen stemhokjes in het stadhuis van Reykjavik, IJsland, op 27 augustus 2026, voorafgaand aan het referendum over het hervatten van de EU-toetredingsonderhandelingen &#169; Jonathan NACKSTRAND / AFP</figcaption></figure></div><p><span>En dat debat wordt hard gevoerd, verzucht Sigur&#240;arson. &#8220;Er wordt verslag gedaan van families die zulke verhitte ruzies hebben, dat ze het onderwerp maar laten liggen.&#8221; Het lijkt op het Brexit-referendum, beaamt hij. Precies het woord dat ze in Brussel liever nooit meer horen vallen bij een stemming over Europa. De peilingen passen erbij: de laatste meting van Mask&#237;na geeft het ja-kamp 51,3 procent tegen 48,7 procent nee.</span></p><h3><strong><span>Economische inhaalslag</span></strong></h3><p><span>IJsland is economisch gezien een vreemde eend in de bijt. De afgelopen dertig jaar breidde de Europese Unie zich in het Oosten en Zuidoosten uit met landen die lidmaatschap als een ticket naar een economische inhaalslag zagen.</span></p><p><span>Neem Polen, waar de economie meer dan verdubbeld is in omvang sinds toetreding in 2004. Voor IJsland ligt dat anders. Het bruto binnenlands product per hoofd ligt al ongeveer dertig procent boven het EU-gemiddelde. Ook worden IJslanders ouder dan Europeanen op het vasteland, en op de wereldranglijst van geluk hoeven ze alleen de Finnen voor te laten gaan.</span></p><h3><strong><span>Kosten van een eigen munt</span></strong></h3><p><span>Het is niet dat de EU IJsland economisch helemaal niets te bieden heeft. De IJslandse kroon is wereldwijd een van de kleinste onafhankelijke valuta, wat de IJslandse economie kwetsbaar maakt voor een hoge inflatie en rente. </span><a href="https://www.stjornarradid.is/efst-a-baugi/frettir/stok-frett/2026/05/29/Kostnadur-af-kronu-liklega-meiri-en-abatinn/"><span>Eind mei concludeerde</span></a><span> een groep buitenlandse economen, in opdracht van het ministerie van Financi&#235;n, dat de kosten van een eigen munt waarschijnlijk zwaarder wegen dan de baten.</span></p><p><span>Maar een reuzesprong voorwaarts wordt het niet. Dat erkent ook de premier, zelf voorstander van het hervatten van onderhandelingen: &#8217;Het is duidelijk dat toetreding het land niet ten onder zal doen gaan, maar ook niet fundamenteel elk aspect van de IJslandse economie zal veranderen,&#8217; zei Kristr&#250;n Frostad&#243;ttir deze zomer </span><a href="https://podcasts.apple.com/nl/podcast/the-rest-is-politics-leading/id1665265193?i=1000778053289"><span>in een podcastinterview.</span></a></p><p><em><span>(tekst loopt onder de foto door)</span></em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GNTG!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff56286ff-5d5c-495e-8fce-10bd10e6be55_1920x1280.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GNTG!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff56286ff-5d5c-495e-8fce-10bd10e6be55_1920x1280.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GNTG!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff56286ff-5d5c-495e-8fce-10bd10e6be55_1920x1280.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GNTG!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, 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class="image-caption">Op 25 augustus lopen mensen in Reykjavik langs campagneposters met de tekst &#8216;Natuurlijke hulpbronnen te koop? Nee, bedankt.&#8217; voorafgaand aan het referendum over het hervatten van de EU-toetredingsgesprekken &#169; Jonathan NACKSTRAND / AFP</figcaption></figure></div><h3><strong><span>De 52</span><sup><span>e</span></sup><span> staat</span></strong></h3><p><span>Blijft over: veiligheid. En dit zou er het jaar voor moeten zijn, zou je zeggen. De Amerikaanse president dreigde meerdere malen om Groenland in te nemen, en haalde bij zijn veelbesproken toespraak in Davos IJsland en Groenland meerdere keren door elkaar.</span></p><p><span>Billy Long, inmiddels zijn ambassadeur in Reykjav&#237;k, </span><a href="https://www.politico.com/newsletters/inside-congress/2026/01/14/more-floor-meltdowns-threaten-funding-bills-00727023"><span>grapte</span></a><span> in januari tegen Congresleden dat IJsland de 52e staat zou worden en hij de gouverneur. Ook een assertiever Rusland in de arctische regio is in IJsland niet onopgemerkt gebleven.</span></p><h3><strong><span>Geopolitieke speler</span></strong></h3><p><span>E&#233;n en &#233;&#233;n is twee: je wordt niet alleen lid van club om er economisch beter van te worden, maar ook omdat een klein eiland er in zijn eentje slechter voorstaat. Brussel doet dan ook zijn best zichzelf te verkopen als geopolitieke speler.</span></p><p><span>In maart tekenden de Europese Unie en IJsland een veiligheids- en defensiepartnerschap: nauwere samenwerking rond de Noordpool, maritieme veiligheid en cyberdreiging. Daadwerkelijk lidmaatschap zou middels de </span><a href="https://heimildin.is/grein/27050/betra-skjol-i-esb/"><span>wederzijdse defensieclause</span></a><span> van lidstaten IJsland zelfs nog meer bescherming bieden.</span></p><h3><strong><span>Europese dienstplicht</span></strong></h3><p><span>Alleen wordt dat verhaal in IJsland te weinig verteld, stelt Sigur&#240;arson. &#8216;Het gaat op de een of andere manier absoluut niet over veiligheid,&#8217; zegt hij. Ook de voorstanders laten het liggen. &#8216;Ik zie het zelf als een veiligheidskwestie. Maar dat is hier geen onderdeel van het debat.&#8217;</span></p><p><span>Sterker nog, het nee-kamp probeert het thema veiligheid juist om te draaien: &#8217;E&#233;n van de dingen waar de nee-campagne hier op heeft ingezet is: jij zou gedwongen kunnen worden zich bij een Europees leger aan te sluiten.&#8221;</span></p><p><span>En dat terwijl IJslanders zich wel degelijk zorgen maken: 84 procent van de IJslanders maakt zich grotere zorgen over de internationale ontwikkelingen dan een jaar eerder. Maar toch wordt voor het antwoord op die zorgen nadrukkelijk niet naar de EU gekeken: </span><a href="https://maskina.is/maelabord/utn/"><span>zes op de tien IJslanders</span></a><span> ziet geen veiligheidswinst bij volledig EU-lidmaatschap. IJsland zit bovendien al in de NAVO en heeft sinds 1951 een defensieverdrag met de Verenigde Staten.</span></p><p><span>Sigur&#240;arson houdt intussen de laatste cover van zijn blad </span><em><span>The Reykjav&#237;k Grapevine</span></em><span> omhoog. </span><em><span>Het comment-sectiereferendum</span></em><span>, luidt de kop. &#8216;Vanwege de kwaliteit van het discours,&#8217; duidt hij.</span></p><p><em><span>(tekst loopt onder de foto door)</span></em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dTCV!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F851084aa-c7ff-4e02-a172-488ad35d5770_793x1190.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dTCV!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F851084aa-c7ff-4e02-a172-488ad35d5770_793x1190.heic 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dTCV!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F851084aa-c7ff-4e02-a172-488ad35d5770_793x1190.heic 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dTCV!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, 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class="image-caption">&#169; <em>The Reykjav&#237;k Grapevine</em> </figcaption></figure></div><p><span>Spectaculair is het verhaal van de voorstanders niet. Genuanceerd wel. Zaterdag blijkt of dat nog volstaat in deze tijd. Al is de omgekeerde vraag minstens zo aardig: wat zou een beetje IJslandse rijkdom en tevredenheid met de rest van de unie doen?</span></p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneren&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;nl&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Wil je meer lezen van onze buitenlandvloer? Abonneer je hier:</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Typ je e-mailadres&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Abonneren"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[De stille macht van Brussel op jouw prompts]]></title><description><![CDATA[AI-bedrijf Anthropic zet, na nieuwe EU- wetgeving, de eerste stap om AI-teksten te gaan watermerken.]]></description><link>https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/de-stille-macht-van-brussel-op-jouw</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/de-stille-macht-van-brussel-op-jouw</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[VPRO Buitenland]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 24 Aug 2026 10:57:03 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6DEK!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f47319a-98d7-44a3-8f96-8e500aafd6d9_1920x1280.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png" width="240" height="240" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/af85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:820,&quot;width&quot;:820,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:240,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Op zoek naar een andere blik op internationale politiek? In zijn nieuwsbrief Bureau Bouzerda doorbreekt journalist en Midden-Oosten kenner Abdou Bouzerda elke twee weken je nieuwsbubbel.</em></p><div><hr></div><p><span>Een student in Boston die door een AI-chatbot zijn scriptie laat oppoetsen, heeft weinig reden om zich in Europese wetgeving te verdiepen. En toch zijn er straks onbedoeld Brusselse vingerafdrukken te zien in zijn tekst.</span><br><br><span>Luie leerlingen die liever gamen dan zelf een werkstuk schrijven, maar ook ijverige ambtenaren die de eindredactie van hun zorgvuldig geschreven beleidsstukken nog lichtjes door de website van Claude halen: opgelet!</span><br><br><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2026/aug/17/claude-watermark-ai-text-quality-worse">Het Amerikaanse techbedrijf Anthropic heeft als eerste aangekondigd dat zijn AI-model Claude teksten gaat watermerken.</a><span> Dit is in lijn met </span><a href="https://artificialintelligenceact.eu/">nieuwe EU-wetgeving en gaat uiteindelijk gelden voor alle AI-bedrijven.</a><br><br><span>Opvallend aan dit Brussels Effect is dat het, net als het watermerk, onzichtbaar uitwerkt tot ver buiten ons continent. En daarmee de industrie dwingt tot radicale koerswijzigingen.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7yb6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f348d3b-6f05-46f9-95c2-ba3c5ed25251_6000x4000.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7yb6!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f348d3b-6f05-46f9-95c2-ba3c5ed25251_6000x4000.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7yb6!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f348d3b-6f05-46f9-95c2-ba3c5ed25251_6000x4000.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7yb6!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f348d3b-6f05-46f9-95c2-ba3c5ed25251_6000x4000.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7yb6!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f348d3b-6f05-46f9-95c2-ba3c5ed25251_6000x4000.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7yb6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f348d3b-6f05-46f9-95c2-ba3c5ed25251_6000x4000.jpeg" width="1456" height="971" 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f348d3b-6f05-46f9-95c2-ba3c5ed25251_6000x4000.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7yb6!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f348d3b-6f05-46f9-95c2-ba3c5ed25251_6000x4000.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">De luie student in kwestie die haar scriptie laat herschrijven door AI, met de opdracht de tekst &#8216;met dezelfde inhoud en stem, net iets soepeler, natuurlijker en scherper te formuleren&#8217;(c) Unsplash</figcaption></figure></div><h3>Watermerk</h3><p><span>Deze watermerktechnologie bouwt op het principe dat AI-taalmodellen uit synoniemen kunnen kiezen. Anthropic gaat die woordkeuze en -volgorde minder toevallig maken.</span><br><br><a href="https://support.claude.com/en/articles/16266773-how-claude-marks-ai-generated-content">Daardoor kun je makkelijker detecteren of een tekst door Claude is gegenereerd</a><span>. En omdat je niet weet welke keuzes er zijn gemaakt, heeft het ook geen zin om te proberen het watermerk te omzeilen; bijvoorbeeld door woorden te wijzigen of te vertalen. Alleen een volledige herschrijving kan het watermerk verzwakken.</span><br><br><span>Omdat het voor Anthropic praktisch ingewikkeld en te duur is om dit watermerksysteem alleen voor Europa te onderhouden, gaat het techbedrijf het wereldwijd uitrollen.</span><br><br><span>Dus ook gebruikers in India en Marokko kunnen maar beter goed opletten wat er in Brussel wordt besproken.</span></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneer nu&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Abonneer nu</span></a></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" 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class="image-caption">Jack Clark, medeoprichter en beleidschef van Anthropic, spreekt tijdens de Semafor World Economy-conferentie op 13 april 2026 in Washington D.C (c) Saul Loeb / AFP</figcaption></figure></div><h3>Onze burgerrechten op het spel</h3><p><span>Deepfakes, foute algoritmes en imitatie van menselijke communicatie vormen niet alleen een risico voor onze veiligheid, maar kunnen ook diep ingrijpen in het leven van burgers. Het zijn onze burgerrechten die op het spel staan.</span><br><br><a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/20539517261451458">Onderzoeker A.T. Kingsmith van Queen&#8217;s University verwoordt het treffend</a><span>: &#8216;Waar eerdere voorspellende systemen burgers classificeerden en rangschikten, cre&#235;ert generatieve AI de informatieomgeving waarbinnen burgers handelen. [&#8230;] Burgers moeten de auteurs van hun eigen collectieve toekomst blijven.&#8217;</span><br><br><span>Samengevat: AI verandert de burger van iemand die wordt bestuurd door instituties in iemand die door systemen wordt gemonitord en zelfs gestuurd. Daaruit vloeit een principi&#235;le vraag: staat AI ten dienste van burgers, of die krijgen systemen juist steeds meer macht over hen?</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0yWU!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd4f2641c-f20d-46b9-8918-541c2a416ec6_1920x1303.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0yWU!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd4f2641c-f20d-46b9-8918-541c2a416ec6_1920x1303.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0yWU!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd4f2641c-f20d-46b9-8918-541c2a416ec6_1920x1303.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0yWU!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd4f2641c-f20d-46b9-8918-541c2a416ec6_1920x1303.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0yWU!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd4f2641c-f20d-46b9-8918-541c2a416ec6_1920x1303.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0yWU!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd4f2641c-f20d-46b9-8918-541c2a416ec6_1920x1303.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0yWU!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, 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class="image-caption">Demonstranten tijdens de protestmars &#8216;Stop the AI Race&#8217; op 11 juli 2026 in San Francisco, Californi&#235;. De mars voert langs kantoren van OpenAI, Anthropic en Google DeepMind (c) Karl Mondon / AFP</figcaption></figure></div><h3>Ook kritiek</h3><p><span>De Europese AI Act is het eerste brede wettelijke kader dat kunstmatige intelligentie nu afzonderlijk reguleert.</span><br><br><span>Maar de eerder aangehaalde Kingsmith is niet per se lyrisch over het Europese pakket aan maatregelen. De EU stelt namelijk strenge technische eisen aan commerci&#235;le partijen, maar wordt terughoudender zodra autoriteiten diezelfde technologie willen gebruiken.</span><br><br><span>En hiermee voegt hij zich bij een lange lijst van critici. VN-Hoge Commissaris voor de Mensenrechten Volker T&#252;rk </span><a href="https://europe.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/2026-08/T%C3%BCrk_open_letter_European_Union_highlights_issues_with_AI_Act_8_11_23.pdf">vreest bijvoorbeeld dat er te weinig bescherming is tegen AI-gebruik door politiediensten. </a><br><br><a href="https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/pol40/1096/2026/en/">Mher Hakobyan van de mensenrechtenorganisatie Amnesty ziet weer te weinig mogelijkheden om overheidsinstanties ter verantwoording te roepen.</a><br><br><span>Daar zit een opmerkelijke spanning: Europa wil zijn burgers beschermen tegen private willekeur, maar laat juist voor de publieke sector enkele riskante uitzonderingen bestaan.</span><br><br><span>Kortom, de AI-wet geeft geen antwoord op de vraag: hoe zorgen we dat de technologie ondergeschikt blijft aan de democratie?</span></p><h3><span>De stille macht van Brussel</span></h3><p><span>Deze nieuwe AI-wet leidt dus niet tot een dramatisch moment waarop de techbros uit Silicon Valley voor Brussel buigen.</span><br><br><span>Maar net doen alsof deze &#8216;gemankeerde wet&#8217; klein bier is, is een denkfout.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6DEK!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f47319a-98d7-44a3-8f96-8e500aafd6d9_1920x1280.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6DEK!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f47319a-98d7-44a3-8f96-8e500aafd6d9_1920x1280.jpeg 424w, 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class="image-caption">Projectie met de tekst &#8216;Fight for us, not for Trump&#8217;s billionaires&#8217; op de gevel van de EU-Raadsgebouw in Brussel, 17 juni 2026. De actie richt zich tegen de invloed van Amerikaanse techbedrijven (c) Nicolas TUCAT / AFP</figcaption></figure></div><p><span>Regulering loopt onvermijdelijk achter op revolutionaire technologie. En tegenmacht ontstaat niet opeens. Onze vertegenwoordigers in Brussel zijn wel degelijk een institutioneel bouwwerk aan het optrekken.</span><br><br><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brussels_effect">Zoals Anu Bradford in haar boek </a><em><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brussels_effect">The Brussels Effect</a></em><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brussels_effect"> betoogt, hoeft Europa zijn regels daarvoor niet eens aan de rest van de wereld op te leggen: marktwerking alleen is vaak al genoeg om van een Europese standaard een wereldwijde standaard te maken.</a><br><br><a href="https://www.wired.com/story/coders-say-they-already-found-workarounds-to-claudes-invisible-watermarks/">Of dit specifieke watermerk waterdicht is, is nog maar de vraag. </a><span>Misschien is het in de toekomst eenvoudig te omzeilen. Maar dat verandert weinig aan het grotere verhaal.</span><br><br><span>Het gaat in de kern om het beperken van de groeiende macht van de techindustrie.</span><br><br><span>Deze zomer liet Brussel zijn geopolitieke spierballen rollen. Die macht is geen vliegdekschip in de Perzische Golf, maar een verborgen patroon in de zinnen van een Amerikaanse student, duizenden kilometers verderop. </span><br><br><span>Tot snel, </span><br><span>Abdou</span></p><div><hr></div><p><strong>Bedankt voor het lezen van weer een nieuwe </strong><em><strong>Bureau Bouzerda</strong></em><strong>. Abdou is er even tussenuit, maar binnenkort ontvang je natuurlijk weer gewoon een nieuwe nieuwsbrief in je inbox. Tot dan!</strong></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneer nu&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Abonneer nu</span></a></p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[All Eyes on the West Bank]]></title><description><![CDATA[In Palestina bestaat een concept: mzawadeh. Het betekent jezelf bewijzen als de beste patriot. In het Westen zien we een andere variant: de performatieve vorm.]]></description><link>https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/all-eyes-on-the-west-bank</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/all-eyes-on-the-west-bank</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[VPRO Buitenland]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 19 Aug 2026 08:27:57 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!__tm!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9853cada-0a76-4e08-afe9-95887a8ff594_1920x1280.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8yu!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F12ef8369-2018-4002-925c-d8716dd7b984_942x979.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8yu!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F12ef8369-2018-4002-925c-d8716dd7b984_942x979.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8yu!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F12ef8369-2018-4002-925c-d8716dd7b984_942x979.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8yu!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F12ef8369-2018-4002-925c-d8716dd7b984_942x979.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8yu!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F12ef8369-2018-4002-925c-d8716dd7b984_942x979.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8yu!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F12ef8369-2018-4002-925c-d8716dd7b984_942x979.png" width="200" height="207.85562632696391" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/12ef8369-2018-4002-925c-d8716dd7b984_942x979.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:979,&quot;width&quot;:942,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:200,&quot;bytes&quot;:1449976,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Noumidia&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Noumidia&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/i/206417247?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F039495ed-f45a-4a02-8823-39d7b294e1e7_942x979.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Noumidia" title="Noumidia" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8yu!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F12ef8369-2018-4002-925c-d8716dd7b984_942x979.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8yu!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F12ef8369-2018-4002-925c-d8716dd7b984_942x979.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8yu!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F12ef8369-2018-4002-925c-d8716dd7b984_942x979.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8yu!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F12ef8369-2018-4002-925c-d8716dd7b984_942x979.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Noumidia Massaoudi is redacteur bij Bureau Buitenland. In aanloop naar de Isra&#235;lische verkiezingen ziet ze haar feed vollopen met posts met de tekst &#8216;All Eyes on the West Bank&#8217;: een stroom aan symbolen die haar al langer opvalt.</em></p><div><hr></div><p>In aanloop naar de Isra&#235;lische verkiezingen in oktober, escaleert het geweld op de Westelijke Jordaanoever opnieuw. Settlements worden uitgebreid. Leger en kolonisten trekken samen op. Recordaantallen Palestijnse slachtoffers vallen.</p><p>Ondertussen wordt sociale media overspoeld met uitingen van solidariteit. Bijzonder populair is de post &#8216;All Eyes on the West Bank&#8217;, die je waarschijnlijk op je eigen feed voorbij hebt zien komen. En net als drie jaar terug zijn er veel watermeloen-emoji&#8217;s terug te zien op Instagram-profielen.</p><p>In Palestina bestaat een concept: <em>mzawadeh</em>. Het betekent jezelf bewijzen als beste patriot, jezelf harder inzetten dan de ander. Het gaat om voortbestaan en waardigheid &#8212; om overleven.</p><p>Maar in het Westen zien we een andere variant op <em>mzawadeh</em>. Hier zie je ook een strijd om jezelf te bewijzen, maar in een ander jasje.</p><h3><strong>Performatief activisme</strong></h3><p>We kennen in Nederland allemaal <a href="https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2026/05/21/de-grote-vraag-van-mensenrechtenorganisaties-kijkt-jetten-anders-aan-tegen-de-rode-lijn-nu-hij-premier-is-a4928379">het voorbeeld van Rob Jetten en de Rode Lijn</a>. En mensenrechtenorganisaties als <a href="https://www.amnesty.nl/kom-in-actie/mensenrechtenwijzer">Amnesty</a> en <a href="https://rightsforum.org/kieswijzer-2025/">The Rights Forum</a> laten vaker zien hoe politici publieke solidariteit met Palestijnen niet koppelen aan vragen om stevigere sancties voor Isra&#235;l of een naleving van het internationaal recht.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nLZG!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F16f76cee-d738-48a8-978a-4dca31b14443_1536x1068.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nLZG!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, 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class="image-caption">foto: Rob Jetten via X tijdens de Rode Lijn op 18 mei 2025</figcaption></figure></div><p>Of neem de kersverse premier van het Verenigd Koninkrijk, Andy Burnham. Hij verontschuldigde zich voor Labour&#8217;s passiviteit bij de genocide in Gaza &#8212; maar stelde de voormalige voorzitter van Labour Friends of Isra&#235;l aan als zijn <em>chief of staff</em>.</p><p>Het is <em>mzawadeh</em> in de westerse politiek: jezelf bewijzen richting het publiek &#8211; waarvan de meerderheid het Isra&#235;lisch handelen veroordeelt &#8211; door solidariteit te tonen met Palestijns leed, maar vervolgens niet verder komen dan lege statements.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneer nu&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Abonneer nu</span></a></p><h3>&#8216;Military scarf shemagh&#8217;</h3><p>Maar niet alleen politici zie ik hiermee worstelen. In de zomer van 2024 zag ik op TikTok een vrouw in Griekenland die iemand complimenteerde op een jurk met kuffiyeh-patroon. Maar de vrouw bleek de betekenis van de kuffiyeh niet te kennen. En eigenlijk wilde ze ook niet over &#8220;de complexe situatie in het Midden-Oosten&#8221; praten. Ze liep ontdaan weg.</p><p>Twee jaar geleden vond ik dit grappig. Nu word ik er boos van.</p><p>Die vrouw in Griekenland is namelijk niet de enige. <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/12/5/us-sales-of-palestinian-keffiyehs-soar-even-as-wearers-targeted">Reuters deed in december 2023 verslag van de enorme toename in interesse voor de kufiyeh</a>: webshops waren binnen de kortste keren uitverkocht en mensen zochten letterlijk in grote getalen naar termen als &#8216;military scarf shemagh&#8217;.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Qhq7!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f953f09-75bc-426f-8238-2c11d149d866_1920x1280.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Qhq7!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f953f09-75bc-426f-8238-2c11d149d866_1920x1280.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Qhq7!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f953f09-75bc-426f-8238-2c11d149d866_1920x1280.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Pro-Palestijnse demonstranten protesteren op 2 november 2025 voor de Britse ambassade in Madrid tegen de Britse kolonisatie van Palestina, met kuffiyeh sjaals om &#169; EPA | Javier Liz&#243;n</figcaption></figure></div><p>Maar de kuffiyeh is veel meer dan een mooi design. Het vertegenwoordigt essenti&#235;le elementen van de Palestijnse cultuur: zee, handelsroutes, olijfbomen. Het werd gebruikt als bescherming tegen wind en zand. En mede door Yasser Arafat werd het een symbool van verzet. Wat blijft daarvan over als het massaal geproduceerde fashion<em> </em>wordt?</p><h2>&#127817;</h2><p>Zo ook die watermeloen. Na de Zesdaagse Oorlog in 1967 verbood Isra&#235;l de Palestijnse vlag, omdat zij die als uiting van terrorisme zag. <a href="https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/how-watermelon-imagery-a-symbol-of-solidarity-with-palestinians-spread-around-the-world">Palestijnen bedachten iets ter vervanging: de watermeloen.</a> Met dezelfde kleuren rood, zwart, groen en wit. Een creatieve oplossing uit nood.</p><p>Inmiddels is de watermeloen terug te vinden in <a href="https://nos.nl/artikel/2537986-palestijnse-watermeloen-leidt-tot-ophef-in-tweede-kamer-dit-is-wat-het-betekent">zowel het straatbeeld als in de politieke arena</a>. Op TikTok is <a href="https://techcrunch.com/2023/11/09/watermelon-emoji-palestine-tiktok-filter-political-statement/">de watermeloen-emoji</a> al miljarden keren ingezet als hashtag en <a href="https://time.com/6335577/watermelon-filter-for-good-tiktok-gaza-aid/">via een speciaal filter voor video&#8217;s</a> is zelfs duizenden dollars ingezameld voor steun aan Palestijnen.</p><p>Maar nadat de watermeloen zijn intrede deed in mensen hun Instagramprofiel, zijn ook grote bedrijven er mee aan de haal gegaan. Watermeloen-prints verschijnen op waterflessen, rugzakken, kleding &#8212; massaal geproduceerd en in westerse winkels verkocht.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!__tm!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9853cada-0a76-4e08-afe9-95887a8ff594_1920x1280.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!__tm!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9853cada-0a76-4e08-afe9-95887a8ff594_1920x1280.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!__tm!, 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class="image-caption">Watermeloen-sleutelhangers, een symbool van Palestijnse solidariteit, tijdens een pro-Palestijnse demonstratie in Parijs op 2 augustus 2025 &#169; Thomas Samson | AFP</figcaption></figure></div><p><a href="https://cihrs-rowaq.org/views-the-watermelon-question-and-its-role-in-the-hegemonic-symbolic-erasure-of-palestinian-identity/?lang=en">Het beeld is zo alomtegenwoordig dat het genormaliseerd is</a> en vrijwel niet meer dienst doet als symbool van verzet. Ondertussen voelt misschien elk product dat je koopt aan als een daad van solidariteit, maar waar gaat het geld heen? Niet naar Palestijnse boeren of initiatieven, maar naar westerse fabrikanten.</p><h3>Hoe zorg jij ervoor dat ik morgen nog besta? </h3><p>In de zomer van 2023 bezocht ik tijdens een reis een radiostation in Al-Khalil, aan de Westelijke Jordaanoever. De hoofdredacteur ontving ons in zijn kantoor en bood ons koffie en iets zoets aan. Terwijl we zaten, vertelde hij ons over zijn leven als journalist en over de tientallen raids van het Isra&#235;lische leger die hij had overleefd.</p><p>Een medestudent, misschien geraakt door wat hij zojuist had gehoord, vroeg hem: &#8216;Hoe kunnen Palestijnen tot een vreedzaam leven komen?&#8217;</p><p>Zijn antwoord spookt nog regelmatig door mijn hoofd. &#8216;Ik kan die vraag niet beantwoorden,&#8217; zei hij rustig. &#8216;Jullie in het Westen hebben mijn lot in handen. Dus ik stel de vraag terug: hoe zorg jij ervoor dat ik morgen nog besta? Dat mijn kinderen een toekomst hebben in het land waar hun voorouders decennialang hebben gewoond?&#8217;</p><p><span>De stilte was oorverdovend. Sindsdien ben ik op zoek naar het antwoord op zijn vraag. Inmiddels ben ik tot een pijnlijke conclusie gekomen: solidariteit en actie in het Westen blijft steken bij statements op Instagram en symbolen omgetoverd tot consumptieproduct. We bewijzen onszelf als beste medestander &#8212; zonder werkelijk actie te ondernemen, maar vooral om ons zelf beter te laten voelen. </span></p><p></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneer nu&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Abonneer nu</span></a></p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[De vrouw die Syrië terug wil ]]></title><description><![CDATA[Sarah en andere jonge landgenoten eisen samen de straten van Syri&#235; terug.]]></description><link>https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/de-vrouw-die-syrie-terug-wil</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/de-vrouw-die-syrie-terug-wil</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[VPRO Buitenland]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 14 Aug 2026 15:02:48 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Vpdf!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F940c2018-3a36-4a0f-87d9-de64696e5e35_1920x1280.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic" width="230" height="225.78576462297391" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1393,&quot;width&quot;:1419,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:230,&quot;bytes&quot;:65125,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/heic&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/i/208038678?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Foto: Charlotte van der Gaag</figcaption></figure></div><p><em>David Lieffering is redacteur bij Frontlinie. Voor de recente Frontlinie-aflevering &#8216;De schaduwoorlog en de moord op journalisten&#8217; in Libanon sprak hij veel met de Syrische journalist Sarah, die veel indruk op hem maakte.</em></p><div><hr></div><p>Elke keer als Sarah voor de camera verschijnt in onze videobelletjes, zie ik een andere gedaante, een andere versie. De ene keer opgedoft, de andere keer met een slonzig slaapshirt.</p><p>Maar vaker dan eens zie ik wallen onder haar bruine ogen, een rommel op de achtergrond en een frons op het voorhoofd die verraadt dat het brein alles in werking stelde om bij de les te blijven. &#8216;Ik heb nauwelijks geslapen, maar het is ok&#233;.&#8217;</p><p>Ze zegt dag en nacht aan een nieuw project te werken, waar slaap ondergeschikt aan is.</p><p>We verkennen op dat moment al een tijd samen onderwerpen voor een mogelijke documentaire. Ik heb Sarah gecontact omdat ik haar werk al eerder tegenkwam, het was fris en straight-to-the-point.</p><h3><strong>Asmahan vs. Fairuz</strong></h3><p>Sarah werkt al jaren als correspondent in het Midden-Oosten, voor grote Engelstalige media, en spendeerde de jaren daarvoor in Istanbul. En dat als Syrische. Trots Syrische.</p><p>Ze vertelt me over haar jeugd in Damascus, wat Syri&#235;rs eigen maakt ten opzichte van anderen in de regio, hun maniertjes, de humor. Dat de Syrische zangers Asmahan beter is dan de Libanese diva Fairuz. Een levensgevaarlijke uitspraak in de regio, maar Sarah durft. Dat merk ik meteen.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DHs0!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1cb09f68-885c-475b-bf40-37c13b93d41b_1122x794.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DHs0!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1cb09f68-885c-475b-bf40-37c13b93d41b_1122x794.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DHs0!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1cb09f68-885c-475b-bf40-37c13b93d41b_1122x794.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DHs0!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1cb09f68-885c-475b-bf40-37c13b93d41b_1122x794.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DHs0!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1cb09f68-885c-475b-bf40-37c13b93d41b_1122x794.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DHs0!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1cb09f68-885c-475b-bf40-37c13b93d41b_1122x794.jpeg" width="1122" height="794" 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1cb09f68-885c-475b-bf40-37c13b93d41b_1122x794.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DHs0!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1cb09f68-885c-475b-bf40-37c13b93d41b_1122x794.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" 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class="image-caption">Asmahan (links) &#169; <span>AFP | </span>diva Fairuz (rechts) &#169; Joseph EID | AFP</figcaption></figure></div><p>Maar ze is ook bezeten, vooral door dat ene project.</p><p>Als ik haar later in het jaar ontmoet, is ze net terug van een reis door haar thuisland. Ze kan me eindelijk vertellen waarom ze de afgelopen met slaaptekort voor de camera verscheen.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneer nu&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Abonneer nu</span></a></p><h3><strong>Roos in de woestijn</strong></h3><p>Ze vertelt over de podcast die ze maakt over Asma Al-Assad, de vrouw van dictator Bashar, die ooit werd gezien als de &#8216;roos in de woestijn&#8217;. Gracieus, intelligent en knap. Een Princess Diana van het Midden-Oosten. Inclusief <em>posh</em> Brits accent.</p><p>Ik hoef nauwelijks door te vragen. Sarah vertelt op hoog tempo.</p><p>De podcast volgt de levensloop van de First Lady van Syri&#235;, die opgroeit in een vooraanstaande Syrische familie in het chique West-London, gerenommeerde priv&#233;scholen verslindt en carri&#232;re maakt in de &#8217;The City&#8217;, als bankier.</p><p>Ze noemde zich toen nog &#8216;Emma&#8217;, niet Asma. Emma rookte met vriendinnen stiekem sigaretten uit het raam van hun slaapkamer. Emma speelde in het weekend, niet onverdienstelijk, potjes tennis met vrienden. Emma bleef op de hoogte van alle trends binnen <em>designer fashion</em>, en kleedde zich als een ware <em>City Girl.</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Z3SI!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd7338f48-7384-4467-bcc4-efa19050677f_1920x1280.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Z3SI!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd7338f48-7384-4467-bcc4-efa19050677f_1920x1280.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Z3SI!, 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class="image-caption">De Syrische first lady Asma al-Assad oogst Damascena-rozen in het dorp al-Marah, in het platteland rond Damascus, op 25 mei 2023 &#169; LOUAI BESHARA | AFP</figcaption></figure></div><h3><strong>Mijn vriendje Bashar</strong></h3><p>En toen verdween ze uit het Londense leven. Ze wordt voorgesteld, <em>via via</em>, aan de zoon van Hafez Al-Assad, leider/dictator van haar vaderland.</p><p>En dan gaat het snel. Emma wordt weer Asma. Bij haar werkgever, J.P Morgan, meldt ze zich niet eens ziek. Ze is weg.</p><p>Als haar werkgever haar t&#243;ch te pakken krijgt vertelt Asma: ik ben in Libi&#235;, als gast van Muammar Gaddafi, met mijn vriendje, Bashar. En ik kom nooit meer terug.</p><p>Als Bashar eenmaal zijn vader opvolgt als machtigste man van Syri&#235;, belooft hij verbetering en zelfs een stap richting democratie, met zijn zachte stem en kalme voorkomen. Met Asma naast hem, elegant en erudiet als ze is, lijkt het voor velen zelfs geloofwaardig.</p><p>Maar het duurt niet lang voordat de nuchtere realisatie komt dat Bashar niet de hervormer is die hij pretendeert te zijn. Asma, daarentegen, behoudt haar status als &#8216;Lady Di&#8217; en ze krijgt het zelfs voor elkaar dat Vogue Magazine haar kritiekloos portretteert.</p><p>Helaas voor haar breekt een aantal dagen na de paginagrote PR-winst in Amerika&#8217;s modebijbel, de Arabische Lente uit.</p><h3><strong>De afrekening</strong></h3><p>De gruwelijkheden die hierop volgen kennen we. Bashar Al-Assad werd al snel de &#8216;meester van etnische zuivering&#8217;, en draagt de verantwoordelijkheid voor ruim 200.000 doden.</p><p>De afrekening daarvoor is inmiddels begonnen in Syri&#235;. Bashar Al-Assad, die een luxeleventje geniet bij zijn Russische beschermheren in Moskou, is door de Syrische rechtbank bij verstek ter dood veroordeeld.</p><p>Maar reken maar dat dit slechts een begin is. De podcast over Asma toont aan dat vrijwel de gehele cirkel rondom Assad meedingt voor een plaats op het schavot. Ook Asma zelf, hoe elegant ze zich ook voordoet, lijkt bloed aan haar te hebben kleven.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sDUl!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fce3ed2f0-d842-475e-82a5-a21e67fcc803_1920x1395.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sDUl!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fce3ed2f0-d842-475e-82a5-a21e67fcc803_1920x1395.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sDUl!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, 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class="image-caption">De Syrische president Bashar al-Assad en zijn vrouw Asma al-Assad arriveren op 21 september 2023 in Hangzhou, China, voor de openingsceremonie van de Aziatische Spelen &#169; EPA | XINHUA | Xu Yu CHINA UIT | VK EN IERLAND UIT  </figcaption></figure></div><h3><strong>Syri&#235; terugpakken</strong></h3><p>Toen Sarah mij dit alles uitlegde, voelde ik haar vastberadenheid dit te maken. Ik voelde haar persoonlijke woede in elke klinker van haar verhaal. Ze pakt h&#225;&#225;r Syri&#235; terug van een familie die het heeft verwoest. Dit is haar persoonlijke afrekening met Assad. En deze podcast lijkt niet haar enige middel te zijn.</p><p>Weken na mijn vertrek zie ik op Sarah&#8217;s Instagram beelden van hardlopers door stoffige straten. Snelle brillen, hippe steunkousen (bestaan die?) en ultrakorte runshorts.</p><p>Nee, niet in Amsterdam-Noord. In het nog altijd gehavende Damascus. Achteraf drinken ze cappuccino&#8217;s in net geopende koffietenten.</p><p>Ik zag al eerder een reportage over een fietsclub, die rijdend door de ru&#239;nes van Damascus de wonden van het verleden proberen te helen. Syri&#235;rs van alle achtergronden (Soennitisch, Sjiitisch, Alawiet) rijden samen door plekken waar het voorheen ondenkbaar was om te fietsen, en vertellen elkaar hun lezing van jaren oorlog. 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xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">De groep fietst onder andere door de volledig verwoeste wijk Jobar in de oostelijke buitenwijken van Damascus &#169; LOUAI BESHARA | AFP</figcaption></figure></div><h3><strong>Parallelle werelden</strong></h3><p>Tijdens de oorlog leefden veel Syri&#235;rs in parallelle werelden, waarin ze werden gevoed met propaganda en bakken desinformatie.</p><p>Fietsers uit Idlib leren de rest van groep over hun aan den lijve ondervonden geschiedenis van het land. De nietsontziende bombardementen, de burgerdoden, de geraakte ziekenhuizen. Het isolement. Wat ze terugkrijgen is eerst ongeloof, maar vervolgens begrip.</p><p>Door samen te fietsen vallen figuurlijke muren weg, te midden van een landschap waar letterlijk geen muur meer overeind staat. Ook dat is afrekenen. Afrekenen met vooroordelen, trauma en beeldvorming.</p><p>Zo eisen Sarah en andere jonge landgenoten de straten van Syri&#235; samen terug. De transactie is tweeledig. Het is een afrekening met een pijnlijke geschiedenis, en een vooruitbetaling voor een hoopvolle toekomst.</p><p>Luister hier de podcast: &#8216;We call her Emma&#8217; </p><div class="apple-podcast-container" data-component-name="ApplePodcastToDom"><iframe class="apple-podcast episode-list" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://embed.podcasts.apple.com/nl/podcast/tortoise-investigates/id1590561275&quot;,&quot;isEpisode&quot;:false,&quot;imageUrl&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/podcast_1590561275.jpg&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Tortoise Investigates&quot;,&quot;podcastTitle&quot;:&quot;Tortoise Investigates&quot;,&quot;podcastByline&quot;:&quot;The Observer&quot;,&quot;duration&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;numEpisodes&quot;:142,&quot;targetUrl&quot;:&quot;https://podcasts.apple.com/nl/podcast/tortoise-investigates/id1590561275?uo=4&quot;,&quot;releaseDate&quot;:&quot;2026-08-10T23:00:00Z&quot;}" src="https://embed.podcasts.apple.com/nl/podcast/tortoise-investigates/id1590561275" frameborder="0" allow="autoplay *; encrypted-media *;" allowfullscreen="true"></iframe></div><div><hr></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneer nu&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Abonneer nu</span></a></p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Ons woordenboek schiet tekort]]></title><description><![CDATA[Musk en andere tech-kopstukken bouwen niet alleen aan AI, ze ontwikkelen ook een steeds radicalere visie op hoe de wereld eruit moet zien.]]></description><link>https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/ons-woordenboek-schiet-tekort</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/ons-woordenboek-schiet-tekort</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[VPRO Buitenland]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 08 Aug 2026 06:01:18 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RZu6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F277a0c64-d8b0-4ac8-ac68-14192d9fd68a_2930x1630.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png" width="240" height="240" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/af85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:820,&quot;width&quot;:820,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:240,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Op zoek naar een andere blik op internationale politiek? In zijn nieuwsbrief Bureau Bouzerda doorbreekt journalist en Midden-Oosten kenner Abdou Bouzerda elke twee weken je nieuwsbubbel.</em></p><div><hr></div><p><span>Twee weken terug publiceerde </span><em><span>The Economist</span></em><span> </span><a href="https://content.post.vpro.nl/o-redirect/TIDP24157299X5CC75DD87BBB421BA4CD78613AC391CBYI6/96771E8B-6A8B-4109-B233-640E7EC9C5C9"><span>een opmerkelijk interview met Elon Musk</span></a><span>. Daarin gaat het nauwelijks nog over de elektrische auto&#8217;s van Tesla of de raketten van SpaceX, maar over de toekomst van de beschaving.<br><br>Musk en andere tech-kopstukken bouwen niet alleen aan AI, ze ontwikkelen ook een steeds radicalere visie op hoe de wereld eruit moet zien.<br><br>Na het gesprek met de Amerikaanse tech-miljardair bleef ik met &#233;&#233;n vraag zitten: waarom noemen we Elon Musk eigenlijk nog steeds een &#8216;ondernemer&#8217;? <br><br>Misschien begrijpen we de grootste machtsverschuiving van deze eeuw nog niet, omdat we er simpelweg de verkeerde woorden voor gebruiken.</span></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneer nu&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Abonneer nu</span></a></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RZu6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F277a0c64-d8b0-4ac8-ac68-14192d9fd68a_2930x1630.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RZu6!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F277a0c64-d8b0-4ac8-ac68-14192d9fd68a_2930x1630.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RZu6!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, 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class="image-caption">Een still uit het gesprek tussen Zanny Minton Beddoes van The Economist en Elon Musk (c) The Economist</figcaption></figure></div><h3><strong><span>Big Seven</span></strong></h3><p><span>Dat </span><em><span>The Economist</span></em><span> Musk uitgebreid bevraagt over zijn toekomstbeeld is niet vreemd. Veel van zijn voorspellingen over elektrische auto&#8217;s, ruimtevaart en AI zijn uitgekomen.<br><br>Bovendien staat Musk aan het roer van bedrijven die niet alleen markten veranderen, maar ook geopolitieke invloed uitoefenen.<br><br>Maar Musk staat niet alleen. De zogeheten Big Seven &#8211; Alphabet, Amazon, Apple, Meta, Microsoft, NVIDIA &amp; Tesla &#8211; vertegenwoordigen inmiddels een aanzienlijk deel van de Amerikaanse economie en oefenen verregaande invloed uit. Nog nooit concentreerde zoveel economische macht zich in zo weinig bedrijven.<br><br>Dat roept een fundamentele vraag op: wat zijn dit eigenlijk nog voor organisaties?<br><br>Onze politieke taal stamt uit een tijd waarin bedrijven producten maakten en staten geopolitiek bedreven. Het vocabulaire loopt achter op de werkelijkheid.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iiGN!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc4776533-cb5f-4b01-8ad4-799e4c366c13_1920x1280.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iiGN!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc4776533-cb5f-4b01-8ad4-799e4c366c13_1920x1280.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iiGN!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, 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class="image-caption"><span>Apple-topman Tim Cook, Tesla-CEO Elon Musk, de Amerikaanse minister van Defensie Pete Hegseth en minister van Financi&#235;n Scott Bessent bij de welkomstceremonie bij voor president Donald Trump tijdens zijn staatsbezoek aan China (c) EPA | MAXIM SHEMETOV | POOL</span></figcaption></figure></div><h3><strong><span>The Techtonic Shift</span></strong></h3><p><span>In </span><em><span>The Techtonic Shift</span></em><span>, dat begin volgende maand verschijnt, betoogt geopolitiek analist Paul Verhagen </span><a href="https://content.post.vpro.nl/o-redirect/TIDP24157299X5CC75DD87BBB421BA4CD78613AC391CBYI6/825C9862-2381-4617-BDC7-2529A125DE3A"><span>dat onze instituties en ons democratische bestel niet langer toereikend zijn om deze nieuwe technologische kentering te begrijpen</span></a><span>.<br><br>Technologiebedrijven zijn volgens Verhagen geen gewone ondernemingen meer. Het zijn geopolitieke spelers, die steeds vaker opereren op het snijvlak van economische, militaire en politieke macht.<br><br>Neem het bedrijf X, dat met &#233;&#233;n algoritmewijziging of bericht miljoenen mensen kan bereiken en publieke debatten kan be&#239;nvloeden.<br><br>Of Palantir, </span><a href="https://content.post.vpro.nl/o-redirect/TIDP24157299X5CC75DD87BBB421BA4CD78613AC391CBYI6/1019C3B8-C7E0-44F2-B0BE-209B2A6B2E04"><span>dat software levert die wordt gebruikt voor militaire analyses en doelwitselectie en opereert in het schemergebied tussen overheid, inlichtingendiensten en defensie</span></a><span>.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AS8m!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3562e7e6-3db9-4540-8818-fb07d1c15bea_1920x1281.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AS8m!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3562e7e6-3db9-4540-8818-fb07d1c15bea_1920x1281.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AS8m!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3562e7e6-3db9-4540-8818-fb07d1c15bea_1920x1281.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AS8m!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, 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class="image-caption">Priscilla Chan, Meta-CEO Mark Zuckerberg, Lauren S&#225;nchez en zakenman Jeff Bezos, wonen de inauguratie van Donald Trump bij (c) EPA | SHAWN THEW | POOL</figcaption></figure></div><h3><strong><span>Techtypes</span></strong></h3><p><span>Deze bedrijven vertegenwoordigen op de beurs een waarde die vergelijkbaar is met de omvang van de economie&#235;n van rijke landen. </span><a href="https://content.post.vpro.nl/o-redirect/TIDP24157299X5CC75DD87BBB421BA4CD78613AC391CBYI6/3CBB4AF0-66D9-47F1-967B-C349CAB06DC0"><span>Chipfabrikant NVIDIA is inmiddels meer waard dan het bruto binnenlands product van het zeer welvarende Duitsland</span></a><span>.<br><br>Ondertussen behoren techtypes als Elon Musk, Peter Thiel, Marc Andreessen en anderen tot de invloedrijkste adviseurs en bondgenoten van de regering-Trump.<br><br>Deze technologische revolutie veroorzaakt een aardverschuiving in macht waarvoor de instituties en politieke theorie&#235;n van de twintigste eeuw niet zijn ontworpen, betoogt Verhagen. Ook hier in Europa.<br><br>De vraag is daarom niet langer hoe we technologie reguleren. De vraag is hoe democratie&#235;n zich moeten verhouden tot deze entiteiten die steeds vaker functioneren als geopolitieke spelers.<br><br>En dus hebben we ook nieuwe taal nodig.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2tZf!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdfa53ab1-7d75-4c85-81b1-b4a84ed2df6c_1920x1279.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2tZf!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdfa53ab1-7d75-4c85-81b1-b4a84ed2df6c_1920x1279.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2tZf!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdfa53ab1-7d75-4c85-81b1-b4a84ed2df6c_1920x1279.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" 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class="image-caption"><span>Nvidia-CEO Jensen Huang neemt deel aan een Q&amp;A met de media tijdens de Nvidia/Japan AI Ecosystem Reception in Tokio op 16 juli 2026 (c) Philip Fong | AFP</span></figcaption></figure></div><h3><strong><span>Emiraat-conglomeraat</span></strong></h3><p><span>Die vraag is niet nieuw. Al in 2018 betoogde schrijver Marc DaCosta in </span><em><span>The Guardian</span></em><a href="https://content.post.vpro.nl/o-redirect/TIDP24157299X5CC75DD87BBB421BA4CD78613AC391CBYI6/5FBA6AB0-34C4-441F-85C9-62D13C51DB43"><span>dat de macht van Big Tech niet alleen om nieuwe regels vraagt, maar ook om een nieuw woordgebruik</span></a><span>.<br><br>En ook voormalig Europarlementari&#235;r Marietje Schaake </span><a href="https://content.post.vpro.nl/o-redirect/TIDP24157299X5CC75DD87BBB421BA4CD78613AC391CBYI6/B234345B-15BC-4C16-B6EB-7022AADD677D"><span>waarschuwt dat de taal waarmee we over technologie spreken, grotendeels is gevormd door de techbedrijven zelf</span></a><span>. Zij stelt dat we door dat woordgebruik de aard en de macht van deze entiteiten onderschatten.<br><br>Waar DaCosta acht jaar geleden nog om een nieuwe taal vroeg, is die taal inmiddels dus grotendeels gekaapt door de industrie zelf.<br><br>Misschien hebben we daarom een nieuw begrip nodig. Niet omdat woorden op zichzelf de werkelijkheid veranderen, maar omdat goede woorden helpen haar te begrijpen. Ik stel voor: emiraat-conglomeraten.</span></p><h3><strong><span>Strategisch domein</span></strong></h3><p><span>Elke entiteit beheerst een eigen strategisch domein (van chips en AI tot sociale media of satellieten), beschikt over enorme rijkdom en onderhoudt directe relaties met regeringen over de hele wereld.<br><br>Zoals emiraten kunnen rivaliseren en tegelijk bondgenoten zijn, concurreren deze bedrijven met elkaar, maar trekken ze bij gedeelde strategische belangen ook gezamenlijk op.<br><br>Dit zijn emiraat-conglomeraten, geen bedrijven in de klassieke zin van het woord, maar ook geen traditionele staten.<br><br>Musk is geen ondernemer meer. Hij staat aan het hoofd van een emiraat-conglomeraat.<br><br>Tot snel, <br>Abdou</span></p><div><hr></div><p><strong><span>Bedankt voor het lezen van weer een nieuwe </span></strong><em><strong><span>Bureau Bouzerda</span></strong></em><strong><span>. Wil je meer weten over </span></strong><em><strong><span>The Techtonic Shift</span></strong></em><strong><span>? Op 6 september hoor je Paul Verhagen in een nieuwe podcastaflevering van </span></strong><em><strong><span>Achter de Frontlinie</span></strong></em><strong><span>. Ook werd Abdou afgelopen week </span><a href="https://content.post.vpro.nl/o-redirect/TIDP24157299X5CC75DD87BBB421BA4CD78613AC391CBYI6/DF269530-235D-4456-9762-433814331E0B"><span>ge&#239;nterviewd bij </span></a></strong><em><strong><a href="https://content.post.vpro.nl/o-redirect/TIDP24157299X5CC75DD87BBB421BA4CD78613AC391CBYI6/DF269530-235D-4456-9762-433814331E0B"><span>Podcast De Dag</span></a></strong></em><strong><span> (NOS) en is hij aanstaande maandag te horen bij </span></strong><em><strong><span>Nooit Meer Slapen</span></strong></em><strong><span> (VPRO). Natuurlijk ontvang je over twee weken weer een </span></strong><em><strong><span>Bureau Bouzerda </span></strong></em><strong><span>in je inbox, tot dan!</span></strong></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneren&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;nl&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Bedankt voor het lezen! Abonneer je gratis om nieuwe posts te ontvangen van VPRO Buitenland</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Typ je e-mailadres&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Abonneren"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Echte Griekse helden zie je niet in de bioscoop]]></title><description><![CDATA[Terwijl we massaal naar de bioscoop togen om die ene Griekse held van 3000 jaar geleden te zien schitteren, blijven zij zich in hun schaduw opofferen.]]></description><link>https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/echte-griekse-helden-zie-je-niet</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/echte-griekse-helden-zie-je-niet</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[VPRO Buitenland]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 02 Aug 2026 07:00:23 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!B_Dm!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0fcc9f88-25c0-4d03-9bab-1946325e81e6_2922x1648.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic" width="290" height="284.6863988724454" 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Foto: Charlotte van der Gaag</figcaption></figure></div><p><em>David is redacteur bij Frontlinie. Een paar zomers geleden sprak hij voor een aflevering van Frontlinie met de Griekse brandweercommandant Dimitrios en zijn team, op de veerboot terug naar hun standplaats Rhodos.</em></p><div><hr></div><p><span>Mijn vrienden lopen al verderop. Ik ben blijven steken in de enorme mensenmassa, die al druk converserend de IMAX-bioscoop probeert te verlaten en die ontploft van impressies en meningen. </span></p><p><span>Als ik mijn vrienden eenmaal inhaal, zijn ze al druk in gesprek. De ene wil nog een keer. De ander vond de film geen recht doen aan de ware aard van het epos, flauwe karakterontwikkelingen, apathische Hollywood acteurs die met minimale mimiek nooit echt overtuigend Griekse helden en goden kunnen zijn. </span><em><span>Ten years on this fucking beach&#8230; </span></em><span>verzucht de held, Matt Damon, in de film. &#8216;3 uur in een fucking Path&#233;&#8217; verzucht mijn Cineville-vriend.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HMO-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F32db6f32-7793-488d-b5fa-5419016e91e7_2480x1653.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HMO-!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, 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class="image-caption"><span>Het</span><em> fucking beach </em><span>in de The Odyssey | Melinda Sue Gordon  &#169; Universal Studios</span></figcaption></figure></div><h3>Zomers inferno </h3><p><span>Eenmaal thuis meldt de nieuwslezer van het late radiojournaal dat Zuid-Europa, inclusief de gebieden waar Oddyseus en zijn bemanning rondvaardden, nog altijd in lichterlaaie staan. </span></p><p><span>Plensbuien vroeg in het jaar zorgde voor een weelderige groei van gebladerte, en de opvolgende droogte maakte de ideale omstandigheden voor een zomers inferno op vrijwel al onze vaste vakantieadressen. Een gevecht van mythische proporties voor de brandweerlieden van Zuidelijke Europa.</span></p><p><span>Toch zien we ze vrijwel nooit op een voetstuk. Op de overvloed van beelden zien we met helmen op, de gezichten onherkenbaar door hun mondkapjes. We zien ze op de rug gefotografeerd, met de brandslang gericht op de brandende bomen en struiken. Zij zijn bijrol in de strijd. Het vuur. De rookpluimen. Daar gaat het ons om.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PPQR!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F95d48f1e-f9d1-4683-bad4-4f2c4640e91e_1920x1280.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PPQR!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F95d48f1e-f9d1-4683-bad4-4f2c4640e91e_1920x1280.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PPQR!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F95d48f1e-f9d1-4683-bad4-4f2c4640e91e_1920x1280.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PPQR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F95d48f1e-f9d1-4683-bad4-4f2c4640e91e_1920x1280.jpeg" width="1456" height="971" 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class="image-caption">De recente branden in Kreta op 30 juli 2026 | Costas Metaxakis | AFP</figcaption></figure></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneer nu&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Abonneer nu</span></a></p><h4>Courtesy-call</h4><p><span>Een aantal zomers terug filmde we een </span><em><a href="https://npo.nl/start/afspelen/frontlinie_13"><span>Frontlinie aflevering</span></a></em><span> waarin we de brandweer een gezicht wilde geven. Onze eerste afspraak was met de norse brandweerchef van eiland Rhodos, h&#233;t walhalla voor zonaanbidders en resortgangers. Het jaar ervoor was het vakantie eiland toneel van de grootste evacuatie uit de moderne Griekse geschiedenis, wegens verwoestende branden. </span></p><p><span>De brandweerchef waande zich achter zijn bureautje een moderne Napoleon, die voorgaande zomer nog zijn manschappen het brandende Griekse landschap in commandeerde. Zelf leek de beste man, in termen van postuur en algemeen voorkomen, afgelopen jaren weinig in actie te zijn geweest. De afspraak was een </span><em><span>courtesy-call, </span></em><span>een kus op de ring: geef ons toestemming je brandweerlieden te volgen, dan zijn we weg.</span></p><p><span>Maar na een klopje op de deur, verschijnt ineens een boomlange, goedlachse commandant ten tonele, die met gebogen hoofd, nederig, naast de grote baas komt zitten. Door onze vragen, kruipt hij langzaam uit zijn schulp. Dimitrios, aanvoerder van de </span><em><span>special forces </span></em><span>van de brandweer, verteld hoe de vlammen van vorig jaar nog altijd voor zijn ogen wakkeren als hij ze sluit. </span></p><p><span>Hij en zijn jongens raakte ingesloten door een heuse vuurtornado die op het Panagia Ipseni klooster afstevende. Binnen begonnen de brandweerlieden en de nog aanwezige nonnen, onder aanvoering van Dimitrios z&#8217;n bariton stem, te bidden. Het vuur raasde, miraculeus, langs het eeuwenoude gebedshuis, en Dimitrios, de nonnen, zijn mannen en het klooster worden gespaard.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!B_Dm!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0fcc9f88-25c0-4d03-9bab-1946325e81e6_2922x1648.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!B_Dm!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0fcc9f88-25c0-4d03-9bab-1946325e81e6_2922x1648.png 424w, 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class="image-caption">Still uit de Frontlinie-aflevering <em>Allemaal naar Rhodos</em> (VPRO)</figcaption></figure></div><h3><span>&#8216;Nothing Else Matters&#8217;</span></h3><p><span>Zijn telefoon gaat. </span><em><span>Nothing Else Matters</span></em><span> van Metallica klinkt als ringtone. Hij moet weg. Hij en zijn team maken zich klaar voor een nieuwe zomer vol actie, verlies en apocalyps. Zijn eenheid is het type dat niet blust, zien we later in de week als we hem volgen in de hitte van de strijd tegen het vuur op het eiland Kos. </span></p><p><span>Slechts bewapend met gereedschappen duiken ze de vlammenzee in, om de route van het vuur te geleiden. Weg van bewoond gebied, naar greppels en plekken waar bestrijding makkelijk is. Of ze steken zelf brandjes aan, waarop de hoofdbrand dan weer op stukslaat.</span></p><p><span>Letterlijk uitgeblust spreken we Dimtrios en zijn team op de veerboot terug naar hun standplaats Rhodos. Hij vertelt zich verantwoordelijk te voelen voor de branden. Niet voor het uitbreken ervan, maar voor het niet snel genoeg blussen. Zijn team bestond tijdens de heftige branden van het jaar ervoor uit 45 vuurbestrijders, met 18 bluswagens tot beschikking. Zij beschermen op eigen houtje ruim een half miljoen toeristen voor de ultieme bedreiging van hun welverdiende vakantie. </span><em><span>Difficult</span></em><span>, zegt Dimitris. Een understament, lijkt mij.</span></p><h3><span>Het ultieme offer</span></h3><p><span>Een week na opname van onze documentaire zie ik op zijn Facebook een selfie vanuit het ziekenhuis. Hij is tijdens bluswerkzaamheden van een klif gedonderd. Hij schrijft in het begeleidende bericht dat er constant dezelfde verzen in zijn hoofd blijven opkomen:</span></p><div class="preformatted-block" data-component-name="PreformattedTextBlockToDOM"><label class="hide-text" contenteditable="false">Text within this block will maintain its original spacing when published</label><pre class="text"><em><span>Daar in de wildernis leerde je duizend geheimen, om ze te bewaren.</span></em></pre></div><div class="preformatted-block" data-component-name="PreformattedTextBlockToDOM"><label class="hide-text" contenteditable="false">Text within this block will maintain its original spacing when published</label><pre class="text"><em><span>Je viel zo diep, om harder te lopen en te vliegen.</span></em></pre></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PuhM!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08d5d883-f035-49a4-8964-b7da9a21ddd4_2918x1566.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PuhM!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08d5d883-f035-49a4-8964-b7da9a21ddd4_2918x1566.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PuhM!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, 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class="image-caption">Still van Dimitrios Menemenlis in de Frontlinie-aflevering <em>Allemaal naar Rhodos (Bron: VPRO)</em></figcaption></figure></div><p><span>Dat zijn ze dus. Die mannen die in de nieuwsfoto&#8217;s als stipjes rond de vlammen staan. Die pas in het nieuws komen als ze het ultieme offer brengen. Het meest recente nieuws meldt drie overleden Griekse brandweermannen, die het hebben moeten afleggen tegen de vlammenzee. Ingesloten, nadat ze zelf het vuur op de hielen hadden gezeten.</span></p><p><span>Terwijl we massaal naar de bioscoop togen om die ene Griekse held van 3000 jaar geleden te zien schitteren, blijven zij in de schaduw zichzelf opofferen. Om dat te zien hoeven we niet naar een IMAX 70mm bioscoop. </span></p><p><span>We kunnen simpelweg met een budgetvlucht richting het zuiden van ons brandende continent, waar Dimitrios en zijn collega&#8217;s heldendaden verrichten.</span></p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneren&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;nl&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Abonneer je nu op VPRO Buitenland</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Typ je e-mailadres&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Abonneren"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Waarom Merz niet achter de queer gemeenschap durft te staan]]></title><description><![CDATA[Hoe de aanslag op de Berlijnse Pride ook een inkijk gaf in een Duits politiek probleem.]]></description><link>https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/waarom-merz-niet-achter-de-queer</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/waarom-merz-niet-achter-de-queer</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[VPRO Buitenland]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2026 11:18:47 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pNob!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14886db6-6b69-49b4-97c8-373f35411bb6_1920x1280.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" 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y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Djuna Kramer is redacteur en researcher bij Bureau Buitenland en volgde de ontwikkelingen na de aanslag in Berlijn op de voet. </em></p><div><hr></div><p><span>&#8216;Deze daden hebben maar &#233;&#233;n doel: ze willen onze samenleving splijten, ze willen ons het belangrijkste afnemen dat we hebben: onze openheid en onze vrijheid.&#8217; Zo sprak de Duitse bondskanselier Friedrich Merz na de dodelijke aanslag op de Berlijnse Pride afgelopen weekend.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xwaV!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55ca5fd3-394a-44eb-9fc7-524b9a3169ca_1920x1259.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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class="image-caption"><span>De Duitse bondskanselier Friedrich Merz legt een verklaring af voor de Marienkirche in Berlijn, een dag na de dodelijke aanslag bij de Christopher Street Day (CSD) Clemens Bilan | EPA</span></figcaption></figure></div><p><span>Maar voor een deel van de queer gemeenschap wrong er iets in deze woorden. Ze waren niet specifiek genoeg. Want op wie was deze islamistische terreurdaad nou gericht? Tegen &#8216;de samenleving&#8217;, of toch vooral een specifieke groep?</span></p><h3><span>Vloeken in de kerk</span></h3><p><span>Activist en auteur Johannes Kram, die op die dag zelf bij de Brandenburger Tor was, richtte zich in een brief tot de bondskanselier: &#8216;Dit is allereerst een aanval op de lhbti+-gemeenschap, op minderheden die toch al onder vuur liggen en die daarom speciale bescherming nodig hebben. Dat u het zelfs op zo&#8217;n dag niet voor elkaar krijgt om d&#225;t te zeggen, vind ik erbarmelijk.&#8217;</span></p><p><span>Wie de dader, Abdul Ballout, was en met welke motieven hij handelde, werd uitvoerig besproken. Maar mensen uit de getroffen gemeenschap vroegen zich af of er ook wel recht werd gedaan aan h&#250;n verhaal.</span></p><p><span>Zo zei een spreker van belangenvereniging Verband Queere Vielfalt tegen ZDF: &#8216;Ik hoor nu steeds dat er een aanslag op feestende mensen gepleegd is. Ik zou het niet zo willen noemen: het was een aanslag op mensen die voor hun vrijheid en voor hun rechten de straat op gingen. 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class="image-caption"><em><span>Mensen verzamelen voor de Brandenburger Tor, waar een auto op 25 juli inreed op bezoekers van de Christopher Street Day (CSD) in Berlijn EPA/Fadi Yousef</span></em></figcaption></figure></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneer nu&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Abonneer nu</span></a></p><h3><span>Circustent</span></h3><p><span>Dat de woordkeuze voor de queer gemeenschap gevoelig ligt, is niet verwonderlijk. De regering-Merz krijgt al langer de kritiek zich niet hard te maken voor de rechten van lhbti&#8217;ers, in een tijd waarin haat en geweld tegen hen sterk toeneemt.</span></p><p><span>Zo weigerde Merz een regenboogvlag op te hangen bij de Bundestag voor deze Christopher Street Day omdat het &#8216;hier geen circustent&#8217; zou zijn. Financiering voor bewustwordingscampagnes en jeugdverenigingen voor lhbti&#8217;ers werden onder deze regering be&#235;indigd. De wet waarmee de vorige regering het veranderen van voornaam en geslacht in het paspoort makkelijker heeft gemaakt, wil Merz&#8217; partij het liefst weer terugdraaien.</span></p><p><span>De voor velen ontoereikende taal van Merz zegt ook iets over het krachtenveld waarin hij opereert. Een Europa waarin de rechten voor lhbti&#8217;ers weer ter discussie staan en waarin zij net als immigranten vaak tot zondebok worden. Zo sprak de Italiaanse premier Giorgia Meloni na de aanslag haar steun uit voor &#8216;het hele Duitse volk&#8217;. Het zou namelijk wat ongemakkelijk zijn geweest zich te richten tot de gemeenschap die zij in eigen land het leven zuur maakt.</span></p><h3><span>Genderideologie en regenboogonzin</span></h3><p><span>Merz heeft in eigen land rekening te houden met de radicaal-rechtse AfD, die zijn partij voorbij is geschoten in de peilingen, en die ondanks een lesbische frontvrouw niets moet hebben van &#8216;genderideologie en regenboogonzin&#8217;.</span></p><p><span>De AfD betuigde steun aan &#8216;de slachtoffers&#8217; van de aanslag op &#8216;een mensenmassa&#8217;, zonder verdere specificering. Daarna trokken AfD-politici vooral van leer tegen het falende grensbeleid dat deze daad veroorzaakt zou hebben, en vroegen zich hardop af of ze medelijden moesten hebben met slachtoffers wier politieke kringen &#8216;zelf bijgedragen hebben&#8217; aan deze toestanden (zo Bondsdagslid Adam Balten).</span></p><h3><span>Een Duits Probleem</span></h3><p><span>In zo&#8217;n context is het makkelijker te spreken van een aanval op &#8216;de hele maatschappij&#8217;. Dat impliceert een verenigdheid tegen een vijand van buitenaf. Maar in werkelijkheid was Abdul Ballout een in Duitsland geboren, getogen en geradicaliseerde Duitser.</span></p><p><span>En de slachtoffers waren van een minderheidsgroep die zich niet adequaat beschermd voelen door hun eigen overheid. Geen aanval van buitenaf dus, maar juist een heel Duits probleem. Een probleem middenin die &#8216;open en tolerante&#8217; samenleving.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2aCF!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F936825bb-6371-45f2-9fb8-c47bc7a9db9e_1920x1280.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2aCF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F936825bb-6371-45f2-9fb8-c47bc7a9db9e_1920x1280.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2aCF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, 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class="image-caption">Friedrich Merz spreekt tijdens een herdenkingsdienst in de Marienkirche in Berlijn, naast een met regenboogkleuren versierd altaar, voor de slachtoffers van de dodelijke aanslag bij de Christopher Street Day (CSD)                          John MacDougall | AFP</figcaption></figure></div><p><span>Merz beloofde de queer gemeenschap, die hij tijdens een kerkdienst in de Marienkirche in Berlijn dan toch nog direct toesprak, dat de regering alles zal doen om toekomstige daders te pakken. Het is te hopen dat er ook oog is voor de slachtoffers, schreef journalist Alexander Moritz voor Deutschlandfunk, want: </span>&#8216;<span>Solidariteit is meer dan warme woorden.&#8217;</span></p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneren&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;nl&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Abonneer je nu kosteloos op VPRO Buitenland</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Typ je e-mailadres&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Abonneren"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div class="directMessage button" data-attrs="{&quot;userId&quot;:457021324,&quot;userName&quot;:&quot;VPRO Buitenland&quot;,&quot;canDm&quot;:null,&quot;dmUpgradeOptions&quot;:null,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true}" data-component-name="DirectMessageToDOM"></div><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Een antwoord op al mijn politieke vragen]]></title><description><![CDATA[De antwoorden lagen niet voor het oprapen, maar achter de muren van de huizen waarlangs soldaten uit het Oegandese staatsleger indringend patrouilleren, schrijven jongeren verboden liedjes.]]></description><link>https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/een-antwoord-op-al-mijn-politieke</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/een-antwoord-op-al-mijn-politieke</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[VPRO Buitenland]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 29 Jul 2026 07:56:54 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WiXH!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdefca766-d6f1-431c-b2f6-65f5c92a0269_1920x1280.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iMSk!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa28b2565-6a4b-44e4-ba35-011389d7740c_1238x1239.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iMSk!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa28b2565-6a4b-44e4-ba35-011389d7740c_1238x1239.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iMSk!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa28b2565-6a4b-44e4-ba35-011389d7740c_1238x1239.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" 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y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>No&#235;lle Habraken is redacteur bij Bureau Buitenland en is daarnaast altijd op zoek naar persoonlijke verhalen uit en over Afrika.</em></p><div><hr></div><p>Vanaf billboards, vergeelde verkiezingsposters en gevels langs stoffige wegen kijkt Yoweri Museveni me aan. </p><p>De blik van de 82-jarige leider van het land is onverstoorbaar. Bijna vaderlijk, als je niet beter zou weten. De rimpels rond zijn ogen verraden zijn leeftijd, niet zijn macht. </p><p>Al ruim veertig jaar regeert hij Oeganda, en is daarmee een van de langstzittende leiders ter wereld. President, officieel. Dictator, zeggen zijn tegenstanders. Tegenstanders die zich steeds minder laten horen.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9P96!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3c2e4e95-c77a-43f4-8660-633622496c3c_1920x1280.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9P96!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3c2e4e95-c77a-43f4-8660-633622496c3c_1920x1280.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9P96!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3c2e4e95-c77a-43f4-8660-633622496c3c_1920x1280.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9P96!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3c2e4e95-c77a-43f4-8660-633622496c3c_1920x1280.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9P96!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3c2e4e95-c77a-43f4-8660-633622496c3c_1920x1280.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9P96!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3c2e4e95-c77a-43f4-8660-633622496c3c_1920x1280.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Bobi Wine tijdens een campagnebijeenkomst in Mukono, Oeganda, op 9 januari 2026, voorafgaand aan de presidentsverkiezingen | EPA/ISAAC KASAMANI</figcaption></figure></div><p>Hij draagt steevast zijn breedgerande hoed, alsof hij liever herinnerd wordt als de bevrijder die hij ooit was, dan als de man die zijn land inmiddels al decennialang in een houdgreep houdt. Een leider die de ene na de andere verkiezing naar zijn hand zet en geen enkele vorm van tegengeluid duldt. </p><p>Zo voerde Bobi Wine, de bekendste oppositiekandidaat, bij de verkiezingen dit jaar campagne in een kogelwerend vest. Niet als voorzorgsmaatregel, maar als noodzaak. Uiteindelijk ontvluchtte hij het land, omdat zelfs die bescherming hem geen veiligheid kon garanderen.</p><h3><strong>Hongerig naar antwoorden</strong></h3><p>Ondertussen raast het leven in de hoofdstad onverminderd door. Na lange tijd zet ik weer voet in Kampala. Een wirwar van rode aarde stuift op. Ontelbare hoeveelheid boda boda&#8217;s persen zich met millimeters tegelijk tussen auto&#8217;s door. De scherpe geur van benzine vermengt zich met sigarettenrook. Marktkooplui bieden hun waar aan, terwijl uit krakende boxen muziek schalt. En boven alles uit: die onontkoombare posters van Museveni, op haast iedere straathoek.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WiXH!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdefca766-d6f1-431c-b2f6-65f5c92a0269_1920x1280.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WiXH!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdefca766-d6f1-431c-b2f6-65f5c92a0269_1920x1280.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WiXH!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, 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class="image-caption">Een vrouw loopt langs verkiezingsposters van de Oegandese president en NRM-kandidaat Yoweri Museveni in Kampala EPA | ISAAC KASAMANI</figcaption></figure></div><p>Hoe langer ik hier ronddwaal, hoe meer ik mezelf zie verdwijnen in de buik van deze rijkgevulde, maar minstens zo hongerige stad. Hongerig ben ik zelf ook, op zoek naar verhalen en antwoorden op al mijn vragen: hoe is het om al decennia onder een dictatuur te leven? Hoe sluipt zo&#8217;n politiek systeem je dagelijks leven binnen?</p><p>Ik probeer antwoorden te vinden. Op een brommer passeer ik dwars door de stad en ik stel vragen. Aan chauffeurs. In caf&#233;s. Aan studenten. <span>Aan mensen die ik inmiddels vertrouw en aan de mensen met wie ik vertrouwen heb opgebouwd.</span></p><p>Antwoorden blijven uit, maar de angst hoeft niemand me uit te leggen. Het is zichtbaar in de blikken die eerst over mijn schouder razen voordat een gesprek begint, alsof de muren oren hebben. Ze is voelbaar bij controleposten waar auto&#8217;s zonder uitleg worden stilgezet. En in de eindeloze formulieren die ik moest invullen om &#252;berhaupt als journalist het land binnen te mogen. Mijn visumaanvraag voelde minder als een administratieve procedure en meer als een uitputtingsslag. Steeds weer een nieuw document. Nog een formulier. Nog een verklaring. Een expliciete herinnering dat niet alleen mijn aanwezigheid, maar vooral mijn nieuwsgierigheid eerst moest worden goedgekeurd.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneer nu&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Abonneer nu</span></a></p><h3><strong>Doodstraf op homoseksualiteit</strong></h3><p>De volgende ochtend word ik wakker met een krantenkop waar niemand nog van lijkt op te kijken: <a href="https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/west-nile-leaders-demand-unconditional-release-of-lina-zedriga-5349862">weer iemand verdwenen, een activist</a>. Een aantal dagen later worden <a href="https://myprivacy.dpgmedia.be/consent?siteKey=6OfBU0sZ5RFXpOOK&amp;callbackUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.demorgen.be%2Fprivacygate-confirm%3FredirectUri%3D%252Fnieuws%252Ftwee-jonge-vrouwen-in-oeganda-dreigen-levenslang-te-krijgen-voor-een-kus%7Eb5fc07d1%252F%253Freferrer%253Dhttps%25253A%25252F%25252Fwww.google.com%25252F&amp;isLoggedIn=false">twee vrouwen opgepakt nadat ze zoenend zijn gezien</a>. In een land waar het antihomobeleid tot de strengste ter wereld behoort en wettelijk zelfs de doodstraf mogelijk maakt, kan een kus al voldoende zijn om een doelwit van het regime te worden. </p><p>Niet veel later worden twee grote onafhankelijke mediaorganisaties ontmanteld, de laatste mainstream toegangspoorten tot bovenstaande informatie. Achter die beslissing zou Muhoozi Kainerugaba zitten, opperbevelhebber van het leger en de zoon van Museveni. Hij staat bekend om zijn openlijke dreigementen richting critici. </p><p>Zo zorgde onder meer <a href="https://www.thetimes.com/world/africa/article/ugandan-presidents-son-boasts-of-torturing-political-foe-r268x5tnc">een cryptisch X-bericht, waarin hij verwees naar de marteling van een oppositiebodyguard die hij had opgesloten in zijn kelder</a>, voor grote onrust. Dat Kainerugaba zijn vader uiteindelijk gaat opvolgen, staat in de boeken geschreven. Wat dit voor het land zal betekenen, durft bijna niemand hardop te voorspellen.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K2OK!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87ccdd37-cf3b-4e56-a2c0-acb044485f8f_1920x1280.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K2OK!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87ccdd37-cf3b-4e56-a2c0-acb044485f8f_1920x1280.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K2OK!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87ccdd37-cf3b-4e56-a2c0-acb044485f8f_1920x1280.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K2OK!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87ccdd37-cf3b-4e56-a2c0-acb044485f8f_1920x1280.jpeg" width="1456" height="971" 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87ccdd37-cf3b-4e56-a2c0-acb044485f8f_1920x1280.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K2OK!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87ccdd37-cf3b-4e56-a2c0-acb044485f8f_1920x1280.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" 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class="image-caption">Mensen staan in de rij om hun stem uit te brengen tijdens de presidentsverkiezingen in Kamwokya, Kampala, Oeganda, op 15 januari 2026 EPA | DANIEL IRUNGU</figcaption></figure></div><h3><strong>&#8216;Vermeld mijn naam niet&#8217;</strong></h3><p>Over dit alles moeten toch mensen te spreken zijn?</p><p>De moed zakte me langzaam in de schoenen, tot ik een bericht binnenkrijg via Signal. En, wat blijkt: achter de muren van de huizen waarlangs soldaten uit het staatsleger indringend patrouilleren, schijven jongeren verboden liedjes. Een van mijn Oegandese collega&#8217;s stuurt me er plots eentje toe die zijn vrienden hebben geschreven: &#8216;Dit is een antwoord op al je politieke vragen. Deel het vooral met de mensen om je heen. Maar beloof je me dan dat je niet zegt dat je het van mij hebt?&#8217;- schrijft hij erbij.</p><p>Ik zet mijn koptelefoon op, sluit mijn ogen en luister naar het nummer. Uit de speakers klinkt een land dat ik overdag niet had gehoord. De vertaling schetst een rauw beeld van corruptie (&#8216;De regering in Kampala is een eigenaar van dieven&#8217;), de onderdrukking van protest (&#8216;Ze bedriegen ons nog steeds met traangas&#8217;) en een bevolking die zich steeds verder in het nauw gedreven voelt. </p><p><a href="https://www.reverbnation.com/banamutibwa/song/14786989-walk-to-work">Walk to Work - Bana Mutibwa</a></p><div class="native-audio-embed" data-component-name="AudioPlaceholder" data-attrs="{&quot;label&quot;:null,&quot;mediaUploadId&quot;:&quot;7c75342f-edab-4587-a865-b20a7eea8d89&quot;,&quot;duration&quot;:274.10284,&quot;downloadable&quot;:false,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true}"></div><div id="youtube2-Joj91efqLLc" class="youtube-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;videoId&quot;:&quot;Joj91efqLLc&quot;,&quot;startTime&quot;:null,&quot;endTime&quot;:null}" data-component-name="Youtube2ToDOM"><div class="youtube-inner"><iframe src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/Joj91efqLLc?rel=0&amp;autoplay=0&amp;showinfo=0&amp;enablejsapi=0" frameborder="0" loading="lazy" gesture="media" allow="autoplay; fullscreen" allowautoplay="true" allowfullscreen="true" width="728" height="409"></iframe></div></div><p>De muziek neemt mee naar een andere realiteit, waarin bovenal ook voelbaar wordt hoe een menigte mensen kan worden omgesmeed tot een wapen dat krachtiger is dan bommen.</p><p>En ik realiseer me: soms vind je de verhalen niet in de antwoorden die mensen geven, maar in alles wat ze onuitgesproken lieten.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneren&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;nl&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Abonneer je nu op VPRO Buitenland</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Typ je e-mailadres&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Abonneren"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[The Fog of War boven Hormuz]]></title><description><![CDATA[Ik vrees dat de fog of war voorlopig als een dikke mist boven de Straat van Hormuz blijft hangen]]></description><link>https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/de-logica-van-oorlog</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/de-logica-van-oorlog</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[VPRO Buitenland]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 25 Jul 2026 06:01:30 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/db16d956-58a1-4fd0-a4c1-3543c441f3cf_1920x1080.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png" width="158" height="158" 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4_oF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf85c6f7-902a-4999-9b56-f31545916a47_820x820.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em><span>Op zoek naar een andere blik op internationale politiek? In zijn nieuwsbrief </span>Bureau Bouzerda <span>doorbreekt journalist en Midden-Oosten kenner Abdou Bouzerda elke twee weken je nieuwsbubbel.</span></em></p><div><hr></div><p>De <em>Washington Post</em> meldde deze week <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2026/07/20/us-strikes-unlikely-move-iran-intelligence-reports-say/">dat de Amerikaanse inlichtingendiensten maar weinig verwachten van de aanhoudende bombardementen op Iran</a>. Teheran zal zijn onderhandelingspositie waarschijnlijk niet aanpassen, concluderen de spionagediensten.<br><br>Volgens die analyse zitten de Verenigde Staten en Iran voorlopig gevangen in een ongemakkelijk tussengebied. Niet echt vrede, maar ook geen totale oorlog.<br><br>En juist in zo&#8217;n patstelling schuilt het grootste gevaar: dat iedere volgende escalatiestap voor beide partijen onverstandig is, maar voor geen van beide nog onlogisch voelt.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneer nu&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Abonneer nu</span></a></p><h3>Fog of War</h3><p>Een van de indrukwekkendste documentaires over oorlog is <em><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k_O7bD8Swxk">The Fog of War</a></em><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k_O7bD8Swxk"> (2003) van Errol Morris</a>. In deze bekroonde film blikt Robert McNamara, de voormalige Amerikaanse minister van Defensie, terug op de oorlog tussen de VS en Vietnam.<br><br>Daarin trekt hij een pijnlijke conclusie: het probleem was niet dat Amerika te weinig informatie had, maar misschien juist te veel.<br><br>Tijdens de Vietnamoorlog beschikten de Verenigde Staten over ongekend veel data, van satellietbeelden tot de beruchte body counts bij de vijand. Maar al die informatie beantwoordde niet de belangrijkste vraag: hoe dacht de tegenstander?<br><br><em>(tekst loopt door onder foto)</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Uibb!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4305176f-f30e-43a5-9a03-acf948a44f03_1464x1031.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Uibb!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4305176f-f30e-43a5-9a03-acf948a44f03_1464x1031.jpeg 424w, 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4305176f-f30e-43a5-9a03-acf948a44f03_1464x1031.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Uibb!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4305176f-f30e-43a5-9a03-acf948a44f03_1464x1031.jpeg" width="1456" height="1025" 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4305176f-f30e-43a5-9a03-acf948a44f03_1464x1031.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Uibb!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4305176f-f30e-43a5-9a03-acf948a44f03_1464x1031.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" 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class="image-caption">McNamara schudt de hand van Vo Nguyen Giap, voormalig generaal en bevelhebber van het Vietnamese leger, in 1995 &#169; Hoang Dinh Nam / AFP</figcaption></figure></div><p>Volgens McNamara ontstaat oorlog vaak doordat verschillende rationele logica&#8217;s met elkaar botsen. Beleidsmakers denken de situatie te begrijpen, terwijl de tegenstander vanuit een heel andere logica handelt.<br><br>Juist dat misverstand kan een conflict steeds verder laten escaleren.<br><br>Dat inzicht is des te opmerkelijker omdat McNamara gold als de belichaming van rationeel bestuur. Als een van de beroemde <a href="https://politicaldictionary.com/words/whiz-kids/">Whiz Kids</a> maakte hij naam met statistische modellen. Hij geloofde dat vrijwel ieder probleem oplosbaar was met voldoende data en rekenkracht. Maar Vietnam zou hem leren dat oorlog zich niet laat vangen in spreadsheets.</p><h3>Te veel cijfers, te weinig begrip</h3><p>Ook vandaag wordt het conflict met Iran vaak beschreven in aantallen: hoeveel raketten zijn onderschept en hoeveel schade is aangericht. President Trump en minister van Defensie Pete Hegseth <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tZ-0iHO0quE">presenteren die cijfers als bewijs</a> dat de druk steeds verder wordt opgevoerd.<br><br>Maar zulke cijfers vertellen niet of Iran daardoor ook anders gaat denken. Voor Teheran kan juist het tegenovergestelde rationeel zijn. Toegeven na bombardementen zou binnen het eigen politieke systeem als zwakte worden uitgelegd.<br><br><em>(tekst loopt door onder foto)</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0vBj!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff6aaa3dd-9c2b-45e2-bf46-bf460d7dd37a_1920x1280.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0vBj!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff6aaa3dd-9c2b-45e2-bf46-bf460d7dd37a_1920x1280.jpeg 424w, 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff6aaa3dd-9c2b-45e2-bf46-bf460d7dd37a_1920x1280.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0vBj!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff6aaa3dd-9c2b-45e2-bf46-bf460d7dd37a_1920x1280.jpeg" width="1456" height="971" 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class="image-caption">Een Iraanse man leest in de krant, met als kop: 'wraak komt snel' (c) Abedin Taherkenareh / EPA</figcaption></figure></div><p>Bovendien wil Iran zijn afschrikkingsvermogen behouden en bondgenoten laten zien dat het nog altijd bereid is terug te slaan. Vanuit die logica kan verdere escalatie, hoe gevaarlijk ook, een verdedigbare keuze lijken.<br><br>Dat is de tragiek van oorlog die McNamara beschrijft.</p><h3>Grondinvasie</h3><p>In Iraanse media wordt inmiddels serieus rekening gehouden met een verdere, ingrijpende escalatie, tot aan een <a href="https://www.euronews.com/2026/07/21/iran-vows-to-bomb-own-land-as-fears-grow-over-kuwait-incursion">Amerikaanse grondinvasie in Iran</a> aan toe. Die vrees wordt gevoed door verschillende signalen.<br><br>Deze week bombardeerden de Verenigde Staten grensovergangen met Irak en stuurden extra militaire middelen, waaronder B1-bommenwerpers, naar de regio.<br><br><em>(tekst loopt door onder foto)</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dUnR!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9c1b0bf-026b-4d11-a6de-1cb095773f51_1920x1281.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dUnR!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9c1b0bf-026b-4d11-a6de-1cb095773f51_1920x1281.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dUnR!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9c1b0bf-026b-4d11-a6de-1cb095773f51_1920x1281.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dUnR!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9c1b0bf-026b-4d11-a6de-1cb095773f51_1920x1281.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dUnR!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9c1b0bf-026b-4d11-a6de-1cb095773f51_1920x1281.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dUnR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9c1b0bf-026b-4d11-a6de-1cb095773f51_1920x1281.jpeg" width="1456" height="971" 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9c1b0bf-026b-4d11-a6de-1cb095773f51_1920x1281.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dUnR!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9c1b0bf-026b-4d11-a6de-1cb095773f51_1920x1281.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Trump en Hegseth salueren bij de terugkeer van het lichaam van sergeant Angel Rampersad, die vermoedelijk is gestorven bij een Iraanse luchtaanval (c) Jim Lo Scalzo / EPA</figcaption></figure></div><p>Ook in de Iraanse reactie schuilt een gevaar. Wanneer staten ervan overtuigd raken dat de oorlog een volgende, nog ingrijpender fase ingaat, gaan zij zich daar ook naar gedragen. Beide partijen reageren dan steeds meer op hun verwachtingen over de ander dan op wat die ander daadwerkelijk doet.<br><br>De recente <a href="https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/missile-drone-attack-hits-iraqs-sulaymaniyah/4001777">Iraanse aanvallen op Koerdische oppositiegroepen</a> in Iraaks Koerdistan passen in die logica: Teheran zegt potenti&#235;le dreigingen al uit te schakelen voordat ze zich kunnen manifesteren.</p><h3>Dikke mist</h3><p>De logica dicteert dat Trump geen grondoorlog wil en dat Iran zich een totale confrontatie met de VS niet kan permitteren.<br><br>Op papier zijn de kemphanen daarom het best af met een diplomatieke uitweg. Dat verklaart ook waarom Washington &#233;n Teheran, ondanks alle dreigende taal, de deur naar onderhandelingen openhouden.<br><br>McNamara&#8217;s belangrijkste waarschuwing is dat oorlog zelden ontspoort doordat mensen irrationeel worden. Juist doordat rationele mensen steeds overtuigder raken van hun eigen gelijk, verliezen zij de logica van de tegenstander uit het oog.<br><br>Ik vrees dat de <em>fog of war</em> voorlopig als een dikke mist boven de Straat van Hormuz blijft hangen.<br><br>Tot snel,<br>Abdou</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[De oorverdovende echo van de Braziliaanse dictatuur]]></title><description><![CDATA[Het is 22 Augustus, 1976. We zijn in het dictatoriale Brazili&#235;.]]></description><link>https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/brazilie-wilt-in-reine-komen-met</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/brazilie-wilt-in-reine-komen-met</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[VPRO Buitenland]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 22 Jul 2026 15:02:09 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6699b357-cd24-4fd8-87ad-ee82d63cb0ae_1920x1286.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div><hr></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic" width="230" height="225.78576462297391" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1393,&quot;width&quot;:1419,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:230,&quot;bytes&quot;:65125,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/heic&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/i/208038678?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yl7H!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03cb2d44-fb5a-461a-9b62-924a2e6a900c_1419x1393.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Foto: Charlotte van der Gaag</figcaption></figure></div><p style="text-align: center;"><em>David Lieffering is redacteur bij Frontlinie. Afgelopen week dook hij in de geschiedenis van de Braziliaanse dictatuur, die nog altijd hyperactueel blijkt.</em></p><div><hr></div><p>Het is 22 Augustus, 1976. We zijn in het dictatoriale Brazili&#235;. Een Chevrolet Opala rijdt op de &#8216;via Dutra&#8217;, de 402 kilometer lange snelweg die Rio met S&#227;o Paulo verbindt.</p><p>De passagier? Oud-president &#8216;JK&#8217;, Juscelino Kubitschek.</p><p>Kubitschek komt net terug van een diner met zijn vriend <a href="https://blogdopco.com.br/entrevistas/serafim-jardim-o-misterio-que-cerca-a-morte-de-juscelino-kubitschek/">Serafim Jardim</a>. Waarschijnlijk met de buik rond van &#8216;Frango com Quiabo&#8217;, het lievelingsgerecht van de oud-staatsman: kippenstoof met okra.</p><p>Met zijn 73 jaar kan ik me voorstellen dat hij al dommelend op de achterbank ligt, languit. Benen omhoog.</p><p>Maar om vijf voor zeven raakt de bestuurder de controle over het voertuig kwijt en de auto crasht met een enorme snelheid op een vrachtwagen volgeladen met gipslaten, op de tegengestelde rijstrook.</p><p>Kubitschek, zijn persoonlijke chauffeur, en de vrachtwagenchauffeur, Ladislau Borges, overlijden ter plekke.</p><p>Er zijn geen getuigen.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QoFw!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc30f7dea-57c5-44c8-bf36-af4b5f09036b_1045x1600.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QoFw!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc30f7dea-57c5-44c8-bf36-af4b5f09036b_1045x1600.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QoFw!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc30f7dea-57c5-44c8-bf36-af4b5f09036b_1045x1600.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QoFw!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc30f7dea-57c5-44c8-bf36-af4b5f09036b_1045x1600.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QoFw!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc30f7dea-57c5-44c8-bf36-af4b5f09036b_1045x1600.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QoFw!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc30f7dea-57c5-44c8-bf36-af4b5f09036b_1045x1600.jpeg" width="1045" height="1600" 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class="image-caption"><em>De ochtendkrant na de het ongeluk. Foto: Estad&#227;o</em></figcaption></figure></div><h3><strong>Lijflied</strong></h3><p>De begrafenis van Kubitschek in de kersverse hoofdstad Brasilia, de stad die hij tijdens zijn termijn eigenhandig uit de grond stampte, word bezocht door meer dan 350.000 rouwenden. Uit de duizenden kelen klinkt het kinderliedje <em>Peixe Vivo, </em>het lijflied van de geliefde president, die een dubbele betekenis draagt:</p><p><em>Hoe kan een levende vis?</em></p><p><em>Buiten het water leven?</em></p><p><em>Hoe zal ik kunnen leven?</em></p><p><em>Zonder jouw gezelschap?</em></p><p>Ik zit thuis in mijn kleine appartementje in Den Haag als ik het nummer afspeel op mijn stereo. De iele stem van gitarist Toninho Horta klinkt door de speakers. Hij nam zijn versie van <em>Peixe Vivo </em>in 2013 op.</p><p><span>Ik voel, tijdens het luisteren, dat h&#237;j ook, net als de rouwenden destijds, meer ziet in het nummer dan een simpel versje. Zijn geboorteplaats Belo Horizonte heeft niet voor niets een Kubitschek-park, een Kubitschek-plein, het Kubitschek-huis en uiteraard een Kubitschek-standbeeld.</span></p><h3><strong>Militaire coup</strong></h3><p>Kubitschek diende als 21ste president van Brazili&#235;, en stond bekend als &#8216;centrist&#8217;, een man van het midden. Een vernieuwer, liefhebber van de baanbrekende architectuur van Oscar Niemeyer, en echte centrumdemocraat.</p><p>Een van zijn eerste opvolgers is socialist Jo&#227;o Goulart, bijnaam &#8216;Jango&#8217;. Hij wordt, na drie jaar in zijn ambt als machtigste man van het land, afgezet door een militaire coup.</p><p>Hevig gesteund door de VS, bleef er tot midden jaren tachtig een militair bewind aan de macht in Brazili&#235;, dat tot op heden 434 politieke slachtoffers heeft gemaakt. Maar de onderzoeken lopen nog, veel bewijs is vernietigd, veel getuigen gedood.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9VQc!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc6894a5c-12a3-4ddb-ab14-ec3d584f94a8_1920x1346.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9VQc!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc6894a5c-12a3-4ddb-ab14-ec3d584f94a8_1920x1346.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9VQc!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc6894a5c-12a3-4ddb-ab14-ec3d584f94a8_1920x1346.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9VQc!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc6894a5c-12a3-4ddb-ab14-ec3d584f94a8_1920x1346.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9VQc!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc6894a5c-12a3-4ddb-ab14-ec3d584f94a8_1920x1346.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9VQc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc6894a5c-12a3-4ddb-ab14-ec3d584f94a8_1920x1346.jpeg" width="1456" height="1021" 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc6894a5c-12a3-4ddb-ab14-ec3d584f94a8_1920x1346.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9VQc!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc6894a5c-12a3-4ddb-ab14-ec3d584f94a8_1920x1346.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9VQc!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc6894a5c-12a3-4ddb-ab14-ec3d584f94a8_1920x1346.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9VQc!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc6894a5c-12a3-4ddb-ab14-ec3d584f94a8_1920x1346.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" 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y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>De militaire staatsgreep in de stad die President Kubitschek de hoofdstad maakte: Brasilia. Foto: Arquivo P&#250;blico do DF</em></p><h3><strong>Uitgangspunt democratie</strong></h3><p>Dat brengt ons terug bij het noodlottige ongeluk op die augustusavond in 1976. Want in het licht van een dagelijks leven geteisterd door willekeurig geweld, verdwijningen en staatsoppressie doet zo&#8217;n plots en eenzijdig ongeluk de wenkbrauwen fronsen.</p><p>De populaire oud-president bereidde toevalligerwijs rond de tijd van zijn dood een verkiezingsgang voor. Met als uitgangspunt: democratie.</p><p>Meteen na de begrafenis spreken vrienden, familie, collega&#8217;s zich al uit. De militaire dictatuur mo&#233;t hier iets mee te maken hebben gehad. Als in december datzelfde jaar de afgezette president Goulart dood wordt aangetroffen in zijn huis (offici&#235;le lezing: hartaanval), weten de tegenstanders van het regime genoeg.</p><p><span>Ze zijn uit de weg geruimd.</span></p><h3><strong>Linkse sympathisanten</strong></h3><p>Maar het duurt nog tot 2000 tot een oud-gouverneur publiekelijk suggereert dat de dood van beide oud-presidenten een vooropgezet plan moet zijn geweest, onderdeel van <a href="https://scholarlypublications.universiteitleiden.nl/access/item%3A2722953/view">Operatie Condor</a>. Dat is een de door de V.S gefinancierde campagne waarin onder meer &#8216;linkse sympathisanten&#8217; uit de weg werden geruimd.</p><p>En veertien jaar later wordt er pas daadwerkelijk actie ondernomen. Een &#8216;Waarheidscommissie&#8217; op initiatief van president Dilma Rousseff, zelf gemarteld tijdens de gruwelijke dictatuur, stelt een officieel onderzoek in.</p><p>Maar door de vaagheid van bronnen en rapporten uit die tijd kunnen ze geen uitsluitsel geven.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneer nu&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Abonneer nu</span></a></p><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uEZF!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1d24839f-028f-4413-92d3-e94302398e20_796x1069.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1d24839f-028f-4413-92d3-e94302398e20_796x1069.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uEZF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1d24839f-028f-4413-92d3-e94302398e20_796x1069.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" 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y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Een &#8216;mugshot &#8216;van de latere President Dilma Rousseff (2011-2016), die bekend stond als &#8216;Jeanne d&#8217;Arc&#8217; van de Braziliaanse oppositie. Foto: Reuters.</em></p><h3><strong>Historische waarheid</strong></h3><p>Tot mei dit jaar. 2026. 60 jaar na die ene avond op de Braziliaanse snelweg. De commissie stemt met meerderheid in met een rapport dat expliciet concludeert dat Kubitschek werd gedood door toedoen van de Braziliaanse militaire dictatuur en dat zijn overlijden niet het gevolg was van een gewoon verkeersongeval.</p><p>De commissie adviseert ook zijn overlijdensakte aan te passen. Kubitchek&#8217;s kleindochter <a href="http://g1.globo.com/mg/minas-gerais/noticia/2026/05/08/relatorio-de-comissao-diz-que-jk-foi-morto-pela-ditadura-militar-e-nao-vitima-de-acidente.ghtml">reageert</a> door aan te merken dat het een belangrijke stap is naar &#8216;historische waarheid&#8217;. Een stap. Een komma, geen punt.</p><p>Die historische waarheid is &#8216;hot topic&#8217; in Brazili&#235;, vooral bij de jongere generatie. Twee opeenvolgende Oscar-inzendingen en <em>box office hits, <a href="https://www.cinema.nl/db/15734938-im-still-here">I&#8217;m Still here</a> </em>en <em><a href="https://www.cinema.nl/db/16238585-the-secret-agent">The Secret Agent</a>, </em>hebben precies deze &#8216;historische waarheid&#8217; als thema.</p><p>Ook worden anti-dictatuur-hits als &#8216;<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zFGMLQ3q15c">Aquele Abra&#231;o</a>&#8217; en &#8216;<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wBfVsucRe1w">Constru&#231;ao</a>&#8217; herontdekt. Ik heb beide nummers aanstaan tijdens het schrijven van deze tekst, maar een NOS <em>push-melding</em> trekt mij abrupt terug in het heden: &#8217;Trump kondigt nieuwe importheffingen aan voor Brazili&#235;&#8217;.</p><p>Het is zijn poging de extreemrechtse Flavio Bolsonaro een duwtje in de rug te geven, met het op oog op de verkiezingen later dit jaar.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IFtE!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F026f02a1-f2e1-4fdf-a0ba-7c3edae44af8_1280x536.avif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IFtE!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F026f02a1-f2e1-4fdf-a0ba-7c3edae44af8_1280x536.avif 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IFtE!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F026f02a1-f2e1-4fdf-a0ba-7c3edae44af8_1280x536.avif 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IFtE!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F026f02a1-f2e1-4fdf-a0ba-7c3edae44af8_1280x536.avif 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IFtE!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F026f02a1-f2e1-4fdf-a0ba-7c3edae44af8_1280x536.avif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IFtE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F026f02a1-f2e1-4fdf-a0ba-7c3edae44af8_1280x536.avif" width="1280" height="536" 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F026f02a1-f2e1-4fdf-a0ba-7c3edae44af8_1280x536.avif 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IFtE!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F026f02a1-f2e1-4fdf-a0ba-7c3edae44af8_1280x536.avif 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IFtE!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F026f02a1-f2e1-4fdf-a0ba-7c3edae44af8_1280x536.avif 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IFtE!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F026f02a1-f2e1-4fdf-a0ba-7c3edae44af8_1280x536.avif 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>In</em> &#8216;<em>The Secret Agent&#8217; moet Marcelo (Wagner Moura) vluchten voor militaire dictatuur. Foto: De Volkskrant</em></p><h3><strong>Amerikaans geweld</strong></h3><p>Terwijl niet alleen Brazili&#235;, maar ook andere Zuid-Amerikaanse landen in het reine proberen te komen met een geschiedenis van imperialisme en gewelddadige Amerikaanse invloed, schrijft Trump alweer het volgende hoofdstuk.</p><p>Alleen al dit jaar zagen we de CIA-kidnapping van Maduro, de niets- en niemandontziende economische wurgreep van Cuba, het regelrecht straffen van linkse presidenten (Lula Da Silva, Gustavo Petro) en het aanmoedigen van politici die maling hebben aan mensenrechten of democratie (Bukiele, Millei).</p><p>Trumps beleid valt in een lange traditie van Amerikaans geweld. De pushmelding van zojuist had ook uit de jaren 80 kunnen komen.</p><h3><strong>Vredesconcert</strong></h3><p>Ondertussen komt mijn partner plots thuis met een zak vol gevonden pareltjes van de kringloopwinkel, en laat mij vol trost een nieuwe gekochte elpee zien: <a href="https://www.discogs.com/master/288963-Various-April-In-Managua-The-Central-American-Peace-Concert">&#8216;April in Managua, 1983&#8217;</a>.</p><p>Een vastgeniet boekje in de hoes meldt &#8216;een krankzinnig project&#8217; met &#8217;26 uit Europa overgevlogen technici&#8217; en 5000 kilo luidsprekers op het Plein van de Revolutie in Managua, waar Braziliaanse, Mexicaanse, Boliviaanse, Venezolaanse, Cubaanse, Uruguayaanse en Argentijnse artiesten, met financi&#235;le en technische steun uit Europa, een &#8216;vredeskonsert&#8217; hielden.</p><p>&#8217;Tegen de dreigende schaduw van de Verenigde Staten, de schaduw van Reagan, die Nicaragua en andere landen, niet alleen economisch wilt wurgen, via het stopzetten van hulp, leningen en een boycot, maar ook militair&#8217;, meldt het boekje.</p><p>Ik zet de naald erop, en al snel horen we het knisperende geluid van een plaat die grijs is gedraaid. Vervolgens horen we de Argentijnse Mercedes Sosa zingen dat als ze &#8216;het land zou hebben, ze het aan de sterren zou geven&#8217;. De Cubaan Silvio Rodriguez zingt over een volk dat nooit zal breken. De Uruguyaan Daniel Viglietti kondigt aan dat de &#8216;pampa&#8217;s, rivieren en bergen zullen oplichten&#8217;.</p><p>Ik vraag me af of iemand in Hilversum nog 5000 kilo aan speakers heeft liggen? En waar we op korte termijn 26 technici vinden? Nodigen we Bad Bunny uit? Of de Braziliaanse popster Anitta? Zingen we allemaal het kinderliedje &#8216;Peixe Vivo&#8217;, als ode aan de Braziliaanse president waarvan we eindelijk, 60 jaar na dato, van weten dat hij niet uit domme pech verongelukte, maar slachtoffer werd van beleid dat tot op de dag van vandaag enorme littekens op het continent achterlaat?</p><p>De echo uit het verleden is in ieder geval oorverdovend.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!USKX!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F768e2037-5059-4af9-a16f-93b72ee82173_600x301.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!USKX!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F768e2037-5059-4af9-a16f-93b72ee82173_600x301.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!USKX!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F768e2037-5059-4af9-a16f-93b72ee82173_600x301.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>De binnenhoes van de elpee: &#8216;April in Managua&#8217;. Foto: Discogs.</em></p><div><hr></div><p>Hier een versie van het kinderliedje Peixe Vivo, opgenomen door muzikanten van Clube de Esquina (The Corner Club) uit de geboortestreek van President Kubitschek: Minas Gerais. Het verhaal gaat dat Kubitschek, bij een bezoek aan deze muziekgroep, vroeg of hij een verzoekje mocht doen. Dat moet raar zijn gevallen bij de experimentele rockers, maar desalniettemin zijn zij het nummer in latere jaren blijven spelen. Als een ode, denk ik.</p><p><span>Milton Nascimento: </span></p><div id="youtube2-i1VJgM_0q3s" class="youtube-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;videoId&quot;:&quot;i1VJgM_0q3s&quot;,&quot;startTime&quot;:null,&quot;endTime&quot;:null}" data-component-name="Youtube2ToDOM"><div class="youtube-inner"><iframe src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/i1VJgM_0q3s?rel=0&amp;autoplay=0&amp;showinfo=0&amp;enablejsapi=0" frameborder="0" loading="lazy" gesture="media" allow="autoplay; fullscreen" allowautoplay="true" allowfullscreen="true" width="728" height="409"></iframe></div></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneren&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;nl&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Altijd op de hoogte blijven van de VPRO Buitenland Substack? Abonneer hieronder!</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Typ je e-mailadres&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Abonneren"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Tranen bij de aftiteling]]></title><description><![CDATA[Ik ben non-stop omringd met ellende en &#8216;slecht nieuws&#8217;, hoe verklaar ik mijn tranen in het filmhuis?]]></description><link>https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/tranen-in-het-filmhuis</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/tranen-in-het-filmhuis</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[VPRO Buitenland]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 15 Jul 2026 10:01:15 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!atXq!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F363adf6f-4a6c-4910-8343-3b191e1a8c52_2480x1395.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!s4Gp!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F06676d54-5028-4d82-9832-c88bedda38e1_1419x1389.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!s4Gp!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F06676d54-5028-4d82-9832-c88bedda38e1_1419x1389.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!s4Gp!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F06676d54-5028-4d82-9832-c88bedda38e1_1419x1389.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!s4Gp!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F06676d54-5028-4d82-9832-c88bedda38e1_1419x1389.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!s4Gp!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F06676d54-5028-4d82-9832-c88bedda38e1_1419x1389.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!s4Gp!,w_2400,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F06676d54-5028-4d82-9832-c88bedda38e1_1419x1389.png" width="214" height="209.47568710359408" 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F06676d54-5028-4d82-9832-c88bedda38e1_1419x1389.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!s4Gp!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F06676d54-5028-4d82-9832-c88bedda38e1_1419x1389.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!s4Gp!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F06676d54-5028-4d82-9832-c88bedda38e1_1419x1389.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!s4Gp!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F06676d54-5028-4d82-9832-c88bedda38e1_1419x1389.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Foto: Charlotte van der Gaag</figcaption></figure></div><p><em><span>David is redacteur bij Frontlinie. Voor de recente aflevering over Libanon sprak hij de afgelopen maanden veel jonge, creatieve Libanezen in Beiroet, over hun werk, maar ook de constante dreiging waar ze onder leven.</span></em></p><div><hr></div><p>Al snikkend verlieten we Zaal 4 van Filmhuis Den Haag. Doorgaans wordt mijn lief sneller overmand door emoties dan ik. Laatst, na het kijken van het journaal, hoorde ik een zacht gesnuif naast mij. &#8216;Waarom doen mensen elkaar toch zoveel pijn...?&#8217;</p><p>Het verbaasde mij, dat zoiets banaals als het nieuws je zo van je stuk kan brengen. Beroepsdeformatie? Als researcher voor <em>Frontlinie</em> ben ik vrijwel non-stop omringd met ellende en &#8216;slecht-nieuws&#8217;&#8230;</p><p>Maar die tranen in het filmhuis?</p><p>Waarom raakte dit mij w&#233;l?</p><h3><strong><span>Hoteldebotel</span></strong></h3><p>De film die we zagen draagt de titel <em><a href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt32622406/">A Sad and Beautiful World</a></em> en is een romantische komedie, die zich afspeelt in het nogal onhumoristische Libanon.</p><p>Twee voormalig verliefde klasgenoten komen elkaar tientallen jaren na dato via een ongeluk tegen - de een rijdt de pui van het familiebedrijf van de ander aan gort - en worden binnen no-time weer hoteldebotel op elkaar.</p><p>Hun relatie wordt vervolgens geteisterd door rampen, oorlog en financi&#235;le malaise. Op bed liggend in Beirut horen ze de Isra&#235;lische drone boven hun huis cirkelen, door de economische instorting van het land zijn er bijna geen verse ingredi&#235;nten te krijgen voor het restaurant dat ze runnen en dan ontploft ook nog eens de haven; <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oKFupx9x0-k">de grootste niet-nucleaire explosie ooit gemeten</a>.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!atXq!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F363adf6f-4a6c-4910-8343-3b191e1a8c52_2480x1395.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!atXq!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, 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class="image-caption">A sad and beautiful world</figcaption></figure></div><h3><strong><span>Blijf of ga je?</span></strong></h3><p>D&#233; vraag die we door de film heen het duo zien plagen: blijf ik of zoek ik mijn heil elders? Want we zien het koppel ook temidden van alle schoonheid van het land, de bruisende bars van de hippe wijk Mar Mikhael, de oogverblindende natuur, de warmte van de mensen en de azuurblauwe kust.</p><p>Dat is de paradox van Libanon. De film zelf speelt hiermee door de kijker steeds in droomsequenties mee te nemen naar een paradijselijk eiland, waar de personages zich angstvallig aan vastklampen; kan Beiroet ooit nog voelen zoals het ooit was? Het Parijs van het Midden-Oosten?</p><p>Ironisch genoeg werden de makers tijdens het maakproces van de film zelf abrupt uit deze droom geschud. Regisseur Cyril Aris vertelde in een interview met <em>Deadline </em>hoe ze tijdens het draaien de raketten zagen overvliegen, toen Hezbollah en Isra&#235;l in een zoveelste gevechtsronde verwikkelde: <a href="https://deadline.com/2025/09/cyril-aris-contraditions-lebanon-sad-beautiful-world-1236503672/">&#8216;There was a constant fear that the movie could stop at any point&#8217;.</a></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneer nu&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Abonneer nu</span></a></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" 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class="image-caption">Makram Aboul Hosn met zijn contrabas I foto: LARA NOHRA </figcaption></figure></div><h3><strong><span>Drone in C</span></strong></h3><p>Ik sprak de afgelopen maanden veel jonge, creatieve Libanezen in Beiroet, over deze paradox, in voorbereiding van onze <em>Frontlinie</em>-aflevering in Libanon.</p><p>Makram Aboul Hosn, virtuoos contrabassist, vertelde hoe hij elke keer als de MK-Drone weer boven de stad hangt en een hels kabaal zich als deken over de stad spreidt, <a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/C2wgB4ZsgFy/">hij naar buiten sjokt om op zijn bass</a> mee te spelen en te harmoniseren: &#8216;De zoem van de drone staat in C.&#8217;</p><p>Ook vertelde hij hoe de Libanese muziekscene in z&#8217;n geheel de situatie naar zijn hand probeert te zetten. Zo bestaat zijn <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pNzRV4IHfR4&amp;list=RDpNzRV4IHfR4&amp;start_radio=1">elfkoppige &#8216;Octopus&#8217; jazzband</a> uit jonge Libanezen uit alle zestien sekten die het land kent, die ondanks alles elkaar juist opzoeken, in plaats van afstoten.</p><h3><strong><span>We moeten blijven</span></strong></h3><p>Makram vertelde mij over <a href="https://www.facebook.com/tuneforkstudios/">TuneFork Studio</a>, waar de hele muziekscene de deur platloopt om met producent Fadi Tabbal muziek op te nemen. De opnamestudio is een komen en gaan van de meest vooruitstrevende en uiteenlopende bands en artiesten, die furore maken op Europese festivals, waaronder de experimentele rockband SANAM.</p><p>De zangeres daarvan, Sandy Chamoun, vertelde hoe hun keuze om in het land te blijven wonen als een politieke keus voelt: &#8216;We mo&#233;ten blijven&#8230; als wij het niet doen, wie dan wel?&#8217;</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XP6f!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7663438b-b29d-4463-88f9-0ce67e19c9bd_1200x630.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XP6f!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, 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class="image-caption">Een foto van de band rockband SANAM I Foto: <em>KARIM GHORAYEB</em></figcaption></figure></div><h3><strong><span>Geen politiek</span></strong></h3><p>Weken terug zag ik SANAM spelen in mijn thuisstad Den Haag, op het uitdagende Rewire Festival. Zangeres Chamoun gaf aan g&#233;&#233;n politieke statements te geven, voor een praatje stond de band klaar na de show. Ze wilde gewoon spelen.</p><p>Beiroet was die week net hevig gebombardeerd, op de dag die ze in Libanon &#8216;Zwarte woensdag&#8217; noemen. De muziek klonk bij vlagen woedend, maar verloor nooit haar sierlijkheid. De zaal was stampvol, de merchandise-stand achteraf overrompeld door de hoeveelheid enthousiastelingen en ook ik kon niet ophouden vrienden lastig te vallen met linkjes naar hun album <a href="https://youtu.be/-CMhJmpwhqs?si=eDtKi9cUCN8v1aVS">Sametou Sawtan</a>.</p><h3><strong><span>Iedereen samen</span></strong></h3><p>Later vertelde Chamoun mij over de kracht die ze kan putten uit de bruisende muziekscene, hoe alle artiesten in Libanon elkaar kennen en met elkaar samenwerken. &#8216;<em>We&#8217;re all in this together.</em>&#8217;</p><p>Het werd mij dan ook duidelijk dat de reden voor mijn tranen een paar weken later in de bioscoop niet in de film zelf zat, maar in de aftiteling. Bassist Makram, Fadi Tabbal en zijn hele team van TuneFork Studio, de leden van SANAM; de hele creatieve sector van Beiroet bleek verantwoordelijk voor <em>A Sad and Beautiful World</em>.</p><p>De krachten gebundeld, samen uiting geven aan dat gevoel dat ze allemaal voelen. Als zij het niet doen, wie dan wel?</p><div><hr></div><p><span>TuneFork studio brengt compilaties uit met vrijwel alle artiesten werkzaam in de alternatieve, Libanese muzieksector. Alle opbrengsten gaan naar de vluchtelingencrisis binnen het land: </span></p><div class="bandcamp-wrap album" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://tuneforkstudios.bandcamp.com/album/land-01-a-compilation-for-the-displaced-in-lebanon&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Land 01 (&#1571;&#1585;&#1590; &#1632;&#1633;): A compilation for the displaced in Lebanon, by V/A&quot;,&quot;description&quot;:&quot;41 track album&quot;,&quot;thumbnail_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/7cb8da8a-4041-48ab-85f5-30101aca8577_700x700.jpeg&quot;,&quot;author&quot;:&quot;Tunefork Studios&quot;,&quot;embed_url&quot;:&quot;https://bandcamp.com/EmbeddedPlayer/album=717758306/size=large/bgcol=ffffff/linkcol=333333/artwork=small/transparent=true/&quot;,&quot;is_album&quot;:true}" data-component-name="BandcampToDOM"><iframe src="https://bandcamp.com/EmbeddedPlayer/album=717758306/size=large/bgcol=ffffff/linkcol=333333/artwork=small/transparent=true/" frameborder="0" gesture="media" scrolling="no" allowfullscreen="true"></iframe></div><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneren&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;nl&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption"></p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Typ je e-mailadres&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Abonneren"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[De luxe van het identiteitsdenken]]></title><description><![CDATA[Marokko speelde de afgelopen weken tijdens het WK-voetbal tegen Nederland en Frankrijk. De uitslagen verschilden. Het maatschappelijk debat rond de wedstrijden nog veel meer.]]></description><link>https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/de-luxe-van-het-identiteitsdenken</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/de-luxe-van-het-identiteitsdenken</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[VPRO Buitenland]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 13 Jul 2026 07:01:28 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y1AR!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F026e763d-f237-4a9d-bee6-f7f89197c7b0_1920x1280.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Marokko speelde de afgelopen weken tijdens het WK-voetbal tegen Nederland en Frankrijk.</p><p><span>De uitslagen verschilden. Het maatschappelijk debat rond de wedstrijden nog veel meer.<br><br>In Nederland ging het al snel over loyaliteit. In Frankrijk juist over de kracht van de eigen voetbalopleiding.<br><br>Beide gesprekken zeggen veel over Nederland en Frankrijk en niet zoveel over Marokko.<br><br>In Marokko is talentexport geen identiteitsvraag, maar een overlevingsvraag. Dat voetbalster Lamine Yamal voor Spanje koos, net als tientallen andere spelers met Marokkaanse roots voor een Europees nationaal elftal, leidt er niet tot eindeloze discussies over loyaliteit. De echte zorgen gaan uit naar de artsen, ingenieurs en andere professionals die naar datzelfde Europa vertrekken.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y1AR!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F026e763d-f237-4a9d-bee6-f7f89197c7b0_1920x1280.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y1AR!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F026e763d-f237-4a9d-bee6-f7f89197c7b0_1920x1280.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y1AR!, 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class="image-caption"><span>In theater en congrescentrum Meervaart in Amsterdam kijken Marokko-fans samen naar de WK-kwartfinale voetbal tussen Frankrijk en Marokko &#169; PHIL NIJHUIS | ANP</span></figcaption></figure></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneer nu&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Abonneer nu</span></a></p><p></p><h4><strong><span>Trotse Fransen</span></strong></h4><p><span>Eerst even terug naar het voetbal. </span><em><a href="https://content.post.vpro.nl/o-redirect/TIDP24101168X72CB6B30CCFD4234B8D229ED203EFA3CYI6/33A22C24-ECF8-4C76-8768-6E6A0250C875"><span>Le Monde</span></a></em><a href="https://content.post.vpro.nl/o-redirect/TIDP24101168X72CB6B30CCFD4234B8D229ED203EFA3CYI6/33A22C24-ECF8-4C76-8768-6E6A0250C875"><span> rekende eind juni uit dat Frankrijk met afstand de grootste exporteur van WK-voetballers is</span></a><span>. Van de 1248 geselecteerde spelers op dit WK zijn er 99 geboren in Frankrijk. Slechts 23 daarvan spelen daadwerkelijk voor </span><em><span>Les Bleus</span></em><span>. <br><br>Het gros komt uit voor Afrikaanse landen als Algerije, Marokko, Senegal, Ivoorkust, DR Congo en Tunesi&#235;. Allemaal opgeleid in Frankrijk.<br><br>Nederland volgt op ruime afstand. 67 WK-spelers zijn op Nederlands grondgebied geboren, onder wie veel internationals van Cura&#231;ao. <br><br>Je kunt je inmiddels afvragen hoe Afrikaans sommige Afrikaanse elftallen nog zijn. Niet omdat de Afrikaanse identiteit van de spelers ter discussie staat; die wordt niet bepaald door waar je bent geboren en opgegroeid. <br><br>Wel omdat een verrassend groot deel van hun voetbalcultuur is gevormd in de Europese opleidingssystemen.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wPmu!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F67b79aa7-33ac-4fc7-bc45-019becbd82d9_1920x1080.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wPmu!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, 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class="image-caption"><span>Anis Hadj Moussa of Algerije viert het maken van de 0-1 tijdens de vriendschappelijke Interland wedstrijd tussen Nederland en Algerije in De Kuip &#169; BAS CZERWINSKI | ANP</span></figcaption></figure></div><p><span>En hoe reageert Frankrijk? Met trots. Hubert Fournier, technisch directeur van de Franse bond, </span><a href="https://content.post.vpro.nl/o-redirect/TIDP24101168X72CB6B30CCFD4234B8D229ED203EFA3CYI6/D3AD960A-0A51-46C3-B55C-005B43590655"><span>noemt het</span></a><span> &#8216;</span><em><span>C&#8217;est un indicateur prouvant la qualit&#233; de la formation fran&#231;aise, une reconnaissance du savoir-faire fran&#231;ais</span></em><span>.&#8217; <br><br>Frankrijk exporteert voetballers zoals het wijn en vliegtuigen exporteert. Niet als verlies, maar als bewijs van nationale kwaliteit.</span></p><h4><strong><span>Twee totaal verschillende gesprekken</span></strong></h4><p><span>Vergelijk dat eens met Nederland. Hier is een speler met twee paspoorten zelden alleen een voetballer. Hij wordt al snel een loyaliteitsvraagstuk. Waarom kies je niet voor Oranje? Waar ligt je hart? Ben je wel Nederlands genoeg? Mustafa Esadik hekelde dat debat onlangs nog terecht in de podcast </span><em><a href="https://content.post.vpro.nl/o-redirect/TIDP24101168X72CB6B30CCFD4234B8D229ED203EFA3CYI6/7E582150-05CC-425B-BFEA-2A7A23010980"><span>Achter de Frontlinie</span></a></em><span>.<br><br>Natuurlijk, ook in Frankrijk klinkt dat geluid. Vooral op radicaal-rechts, bij Jordan Bardella en &#201;ric Zemmour: hoe kan iemand die Frans is, tegen Frankrijk juichen? Maar daar blijft het grotendeels op de politieke flanken. <br><br>In de Franse media overheerst een ander verhaal. De spelers worden vooral gezien als een vanzelfsprekend product van een postkoloniale migratiesamenleving.<br><br>Twee landen. Dezelfde spelers. Twee totaal verschillende gesprekken.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!md1I!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a74a73d-90d8-43ae-92a7-b9f59241da7d_1920x1080.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!md1I!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a74a73d-90d8-43ae-92a7-b9f59241da7d_1920x1080.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!md1I!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, 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class="image-caption"><span>Mustapha Esadik in Achter de Frontlinie (Bron: VPRO)</span></figcaption></figure></div><h4><strong><span>Leegloop witte jassen</span></strong></h4><p><span>Maar draai de spiegel nu eens om.<br><br>Want er is nog een talentstroom van talent tussen Marokko en Frankrijk. Alleen loopt die de andere kant op. <br><br>Zo vertrekt een derde van de Marokkaanse geneeskundestudenten direct na het afstuderen naar het buitenland. <br><br></span><a href="https://content.post.vpro.nl/o-redirect/TIDP24101168X72CB6B30CCFD4234B8D229ED203EFA3CYI6/65D3D5CB-76BA-4AEF-8BD5-FBF5D32066B4"><span>Ik schreef er eerder over in </span></a><em><a href="https://content.post.vpro.nl/o-redirect/TIDP24101168X72CB6B30CCFD4234B8D229ED203EFA3CYI6/65D3D5CB-76BA-4AEF-8BD5-FBF5D32066B4"><span>De Groene Amsterdammer</span></a></em><span>: Marokko leidt artsen op met belastinggeld en het rijke Westen plukt ze gratis van de internationale markt. Alsof de grondstoffen van het land voor niets worden verhandeld. <br><br>Ondertussen schreeuwen tienduizenden vacatures in de Marokkaanse zorg om invulling.</span></p><h4><strong><span>Minder waard</span></strong></h4><p><span>De regering greep in het verleden naar een wanhoopsmiddel. Minister van Hoger Onderwijs Abdellatif Miraoui kortte de studie geneeskunde met een jaar in. <br><br>Niet om de opleiding te verbeteren, maar om ervoor te zorgen dat Marokkaanse diploma&#8217;s niet meer voldoen aan de startkwalificaties van Frankrijk en Canada. <br><br>Kortom: je eigen artsen minder waard maken zodat ze blijven. <br><br>De studenten gingen staken. En de ironie druipt er trouwens van af, want Miraoui werkte zelf jarenlang in Frankrijk, als directeur van een instituut in Rennes. </span></p><h4><strong><span>Nationale crisis</span></strong></h4><p><span>Hierin zit de crux: Frankrijk verliest voetballers aan andere landen en noemt ze ambassadeurs. Het kan zich die royaliteit veroorloven, want het systeem produceert meer toptalent dan </span><em><span>Les Bleus</span></em><span> ooit kunnen selecteren. <br><br>Marokko verliest zijn artsen en noemt het een nationale crisis. Want daar is geen overschot. Daar is alleen tekort.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fdep!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fca755e7f-0d89-4f2c-a95a-192bcd818e8a_1920x1334.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fdep!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fca755e7f-0d89-4f2c-a95a-192bcd818e8a_1920x1334.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fdep!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, 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class="image-caption">Het Franse team poseert voorafgaand aan de kwartfinale van het WK voetbal 2026 tussen Frankrijk en Marokko in Boston, VS, op 9 juli 2026 &#169; EPA | WILL OLIVER</figcaption></figure></div><h4><strong><span>Echte Marokkanen</span></strong></h4><p><span>En let op wat er n&#237;et gebeurt. In Marokko leidt de uittocht van artsen niet tot een identiteitsdebat. <br><br>Niemand in Marokko vraagt of die arts in Parijs nog wel een echte Marokkaan is. Niemand twijfelt aan zijn loyaliteit. Het land heeft geen tijd voor die luxe. Het debat gaat niet over wie erbij hoort, maar over wie er nog is.<br><br>Dat is de les van dit WK. De speler die voor Marokko kiest, kost Frankrijk helemaal niets. De arts die voor Frankrijk kiest, kost Marokko alles. <br><br>Toch gaat ons debat over de eerste, en zwijgen we over de tweede.<br><br>Identiteit is een debat voor landen die het zich kunnen permitteren. Braindrain is een rekening voor landen die dat niet kunnen.<br><br>Tot snel,<br>Abdou</span></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneer nu&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Abonneer nu</span></a></p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Hoe heilige taal verandert in geopolitieke taal]]></title><description><![CDATA[Terwijl het Westen vooral oog had voor die tranen, speelde zich ondertussen nog iets anders af: Iran voerde een diplomatieke meesterslag uit.]]></description><link>https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/hoe-heilige-taal-verandert-in-geopolitieke</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/hoe-heilige-taal-verandert-in-geopolitieke</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[VPRO Buitenland]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 10 Jul 2026 10:47:43 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Hw1z!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5c4242f-8be1-4aaf-bc18-af74e88ee70b_1920x1280.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8yu!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F12ef8369-2018-4002-925c-d8716dd7b984_942x979.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8yu!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F12ef8369-2018-4002-925c-d8716dd7b984_942x979.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8yu!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F12ef8369-2018-4002-925c-d8716dd7b984_942x979.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8yu!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F12ef8369-2018-4002-925c-d8716dd7b984_942x979.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8yu!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F12ef8369-2018-4002-925c-d8716dd7b984_942x979.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8yu!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F12ef8369-2018-4002-925c-d8716dd7b984_942x979.png" width="200" height="207.85562632696391" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/12ef8369-2018-4002-925c-d8716dd7b984_942x979.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:979,&quot;width&quot;:942,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:200,&quot;bytes&quot;:1449976,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Noumidia&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/i/206417247?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F039495ed-f45a-4a02-8823-39d7b294e1e7_942x979.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Noumidia" title="Noumidia" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8yu!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F12ef8369-2018-4002-925c-d8716dd7b984_942x979.png 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8yu!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F12ef8369-2018-4002-925c-d8716dd7b984_942x979.png 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8yu!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F12ef8369-2018-4002-925c-d8716dd7b984_942x979.png 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O8yu!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F12ef8369-2018-4002-925c-d8716dd7b984_942x979.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Noumidia Massaoudi is redacteur bij Bureau Buitenland. Afgelopen week volgde ze de zes dagen durende begrafenis van religieus leider Ayatollah Ali Khamenei op de voet.</em></p><div><hr></div><p>Tijdens de begrafenis van Ayatollah Khamenei &#8211; de door Isra&#235;l gedode religieuze leider van Iran &#8211; stonden deze week miljoenen mensen op straat te rouwen. Maar terwijl het Westen vooral oog had voor die tranen, speelde zich ondertussen nog iets anders af: Iran voerde een diplomatieke meesterslag uit.</p><p>Diplomatie bestaat uit voorgeschreven regels. Neem bijvoorbeeld een staatsbanket, waarbij je aan de zitplaats kan zien hoe belangrijk iemand wordt gevonden. De genodigde staatshoofden zitten naast de president of koning. En dicht bij de macht - ministers, adel, mensen van belang, en soms ook een Elon Musk.</p><p>Op de begrafenis van Khamenei wisten de delegaties van verschillende landen en groeperingen ook waar ze zaten. Niet door een naamkaartje, maar door de Qur&#8217;aan-recitaties die zorgvuldig door het Iraanse regime waren uitgekozen.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Hw1z!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5c4242f-8be1-4aaf-bc18-af74e88ee70b_1920x1280.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Hw1z!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5c4242f-8be1-4aaf-bc18-af74e88ee70b_1920x1280.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Hw1z!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5c4242f-8be1-4aaf-bc18-af74e88ee70b_1920x1280.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Hw1z!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5c4242f-8be1-4aaf-bc18-af74e88ee70b_1920x1280.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Hw1z!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5c4242f-8be1-4aaf-bc18-af74e88ee70b_1920x1280.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Hw1z!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5c4242f-8be1-4aaf-bc18-af74e88ee70b_1920x1280.jpeg" width="1456" height="971" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a5c4242f-8be1-4aaf-bc18-af74e88ee70b_1920x1280.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:971,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1008180,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/i/206417247?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5c4242f-8be1-4aaf-bc18-af74e88ee70b_1920x1280.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Hw1z!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5c4242f-8be1-4aaf-bc18-af74e88ee70b_1920x1280.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Hw1z!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5c4242f-8be1-4aaf-bc18-af74e88ee70b_1920x1280.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Hw1z!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5c4242f-8be1-4aaf-bc18-af74e88ee70b_1920x1280.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Hw1z!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa5c4242f-8be1-4aaf-bc18-af74e88ee70b_1920x1280.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Mensenmassa&#8217;s nemen deel aan de begrafenis in Mashhad, Iran op 9 juli 2026 <span>IRANIAN SUPREME LEADER OFFICE HANDOUT | EPA</span></figcaption></figure></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneer nu&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Abonneer nu</span></a></p><h4><strong>Saoedi-Arabi&#235; &#8212; frenemy no. 1</strong></h4><p>De plek van Saoedi-Arabi&#235; sprong daarbij direct in het oog. De relatie met Iran is niet plat te slaan tot vijandschap &#243;f vriendschap. Het zijn beide islamitische grootmachten &#8211; het ene sjiitisch, het andere soennitisch &#8211; die strijden om dezelfde regio.</p><p>Tijdens de oorlog Iran-VS-Isra&#235;l koos Saoedi-Arabi&#235; voor Amerika en die keuze werd door Iran meteen gestraft, met raketten en drones op onder andere olieraffinaderijen en luchthavens. En toch kwamen de Saoedi&#235;rs naar Khamenei&#8217;s begrafenis. Zelfs zonder offici&#235;le uitnodiging.</p><p>Bij aankomst van de Saoedische delegatie onder leiding van de viceminister van Buitenlandse zaken werd Al Imran 3:13 voorgedragen, het vers over de Slag van Badr.</p><p>Dit vers beschrijft hoe een klein, slecht uitgerust Islamitisch leger met behulp van God een veel groter leger verslaat. De boodschap was onmiskenbaar: Iran ziet zichzelf als overwinnaar op de VS en Isra&#235;l. En Saoedi-Arabi&#235;? Die stonden aan de verliezende kant.</p><p>Iran maakte door deze recitatie duidelijk wie de gelovigen zijn, en wie de misleiden. Saoedi-Arabi&#235; kreeg een religieuze waarschuwing in heilige taal verpakt: jullie hebben de verkeerde keuze gemaakt.</p><h4><strong>Islamitische Jihad en andere vrienden</strong></h4><p>Ook aanwezig op de begrafenis waren Hamas, de Houthi&#8217;s en Hezbollah &#8211; of je hen ziet als de as van het kwaad of de as van verzet ligt aan je eigen geopolitieke bril, maar door Iran werden ze in ieder geval hartelijk verwelkomd.</p><p>Voor Hamas selecteerde Iran een vers over trouw en martelaarschap. In de sjiitische leer is martelaarschap een fundamenteel concept: het gaat terug tot Karbala, het verhaal van religieus verzet en offer dat het hart van het sjiitische geloof vormt. Door deze Qur&#8217;aan-recitatie werd het offer van de Palestijnen, hun dood, heilig verklaard als offer in de strijd tegen de Isra&#235;lische bezetting.</p><p>Ook de Houthis, de sjiitische paramilitaire groepering die in Jemen aan de macht is, werd volop geprezen voor hun loyaliteit en strijdbaarheid door de recitatie van het vers Al Fath 29.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ojlE!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf678e8b-fbc1-4ce8-a640-3e9ffe2a7bc5_1920x1280.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ojlE!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf678e8b-fbc1-4ce8-a640-3e9ffe2a7bc5_1920x1280.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ojlE!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf678e8b-fbc1-4ce8-a640-3e9ffe2a7bc5_1920x1280.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ojlE!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf678e8b-fbc1-4ce8-a640-3e9ffe2a7bc5_1920x1280.jpeg 1272w, 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class="image-caption">Rouwenden dragen de doodskisten van familieleden van de overleden Khamenei, die samen met hem om het leven kwamen, bij het Imam Abbas-heiligdom in Karbala op 8 juli 2026 IMAM ABBAS SHRINE / AFP</figcaption></figure></div><h4><strong>Twee verzen voor Libanon</strong></h4><p>Maar het raffinement &#8212; en de wreedheid &#8212; waarmee deze religieuze verzen worden ingezet, wordt duidelijk als je Libanon bekijkt. Want Libanon stuurde twee delegaties, en Iran sprak twee totaal verschillende talen tegen hen.</p><p>Het door Iran gesteunde Hezbollah kreeg dezelfde lof als Hamas. Het vers dat voor hen werd gereciteerd was een boodschap van aanmoediging: geef de hoop en de heilige strijd niet op, jullie zullen uiteindelijk overwinnen. Een belofte midden in de strijd.</p><p>De andere Libanezen, de offici&#235;le regering van het land, kregen iets anders. Via An-Nisa 4:66: &#8216;Had zij gedaan wat hen werd geraden, zou het veel beter voor hen zijn geweest.&#8217;</p><p>Dat vers gaat over terughoudendheid en het falen van mensen om zich op te offeren wanneer daarom wordt gevraagd. Gezien de Isra&#235;lische agressie in Zuid-Libanon, was de boodschap duidelijk een verwijt: jullie hebben niet genoeg gedaan tegen de bezetter, jullie hebben gecapituleerd. Jullie zouden een voorbeeld moeten nemen aan Hezbollah.</p><p>In &#233;&#233;n begrafenis werd Libanon wederom gesplitst: Hezbollah als Gods strijder met belofte van overwinning, de regering als degenen die hebben opgegeven.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XtdK!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F95153404-ab39-4886-a91c-72a6644f1bf2_1920x1246.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XtdK!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, 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class="image-caption">De oudste zoon van Khamenei, Mostafa Khamenei (midden), leidt het gebed voor zijn overleden vader op 9 juli 2026 <span>IRANIAN SUPREME LEADER OFFICE HANDOUT | EPA</span></figcaption></figure></div><h4><strong>Irans heilige wapen</strong></h4><p>Kortom, op Khamenei&#8217;s begrafenis werd heilige taal afgelopen week geopolitieke taal.</p><p>Dat toont de zelfverzekerdheid van Iran. Tijdens het rouwen &#8212; terwijl miljoenen mensen huilen &#8212; bewijst Iran dat het niet van de kaart is geveegd.</p><p>Het ordent openlijk wie aan zijn kant staat en wie niet. Saoedi-Arabi&#235; krijgt daarbij een waarschuwing, Hamas en Hezbollah krijgen een belofte. En Libanon wordt gesplitst.</p><p>De onderliggende boodschap is helder: Iran bepaalt nog steeds wie relevant is in het Midden-Oosten, wie te vertrouwen is en wie heeft gefaald.</p><p></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneer nu&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Abonneer nu</span></a></p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Familiezaken]]></title><description><![CDATA[Deze week begonnen in Zwitserland serieuze onderhandelingen tussen de Verenigde Staten en Iran.]]></description><link>https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/familiezaken</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/familiezaken</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[VPRO Buitenland]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 29 Jun 2026 09:00:32 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6d1cf63d-529e-4e61-8d19-d991294684db_1456x1048.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span>Deze week begonnen in Zwitserland serieuze onderhandelingen tussen de Verenigde Staten en Iran. Ondanks alle risico&#8217;s en het onvoorspelbare karakter van Donald Trump lijkt de geopolitieke logica Washington uiteindelijk toch richting een vergelijk met Teheran te duwen.<br><br>De president die Iran op de knie&#235;n wilde krijgen, heeft ondertussen vooral de wereldeconomie ontwricht, de geloofwaardigheid van de Amerikaanse afschrikking verzwakt en Iraanse voorstanders van regimeverandering teleurgesteld achtergelaten.<br><br>Daarmee heeft Trump ook de relatie met Isra&#235;ls premier Netanyahu, een belangrijk strategisch partner voor Amerika, ernstig beschadigd.<br><br>Het Istanbul Memorandum of Understanding, waarin Washington accepteert dat Iran over een beperkte nucleaire infrastructuur beschikt, is daarmee vooral een Amerikaanse erkenning van strategisch falen, verpakt als diplomatieke doorbraak.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" 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class="image-caption"><span>Donald Trump en Masoud Pezeshkian tonen op 17 juni 2026 de ondertekening van een akkoord in Versailles om de oorlog in het Midden-Oosten te be&#235;indigen. Emmanuel Macron deelde beelden van de bijeenkomst Handout | IRINN | @EmmanuelMacron (X) | AFPTV | AFP</span></figcaption></figure></div><p><span>Met een almachtig leger, een legioen ervaren diplomaten en onge&#235;venaarde inlichtingendiensten had Trump deze misstap niet hoeven maken.<br><br>Maar in Trumps Witte Huis geldt nog altijd een andere regel: vertrouw vooral op vertrouwelingen. En familieleden zoals Jared Kushner. <br><br>Terwijl alle ogen gericht zijn op de onderhandelingstafel in Zwitserland, dreigt elders een ander familielid een nieuw diplomatiek fiasco te veroorzaken.</span></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneren&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;nl&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Bedankt voor het lezen! 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class="image-caption"><span>US President&#8217;s son-in-law Jared Kushner reageert voorafgaand aan een quadrilaterale ontmoeting tussen de VS, Iran, Pakistan en Qatar in het B&#252;rgenstock-hotelcomplex bij Luzern (21 juni 2026), in het kader van gesprekken over het Midden-Oostenconflict (c) URS FLUEELER | POOL | AFP</span></figcaption></figure></div><h4><strong><span>De twee Libi&#235;s</span></strong></h4><p><span>Sinds de val van dictator Muammar Kadhafi in 2011 is Libi&#235; nooit meer uitgegroeid tot een functionerende eenheidsstaat. Burgeroorlogen, buitenlandse inmenging en een wirwar aan milities hebben het land geleidelijk in twee politieke machtsblokken verdeeld.</span><br><br><a href="https://arabcenterdc.org/resource/libya-one-step-forward-two-steps-back/">Hoewel er de afgelopen tijd enkele voorzichtige doorbraken zijn geweest, bestaat Libi&#235; in de praktijk nog steeds uit twee Libi&#235;s</a><span>: een internationaal erkende regering in Tripoli en een rivaliserend machtscentrum in het oosten onder leiding van krijgsheer Khalifa Haftar en zijn zonen.</span><br><br><span>Beide kampen hebben de afgelopen jaren politieke en economische netwerken opgebouwd die niet altijd gebaat lijken bij ingrijpende veranderingen.</span><br><br><span>De </span><em>Financial Times </em><span>en </span><a href="https://www.ilfoglio.it/esteri/2026/06/24/news/rubio-ready-to-seal-the-deal-to-reunify-libya-the-story-of-yet-another-trumpian-bluff--401100">de Italiaanse krant </a><em><a href="https://www.ilfoglio.it/esteri/2026/06/24/news/rubio-ready-to-seal-the-deal-to-reunify-libya-the-story-of-yet-another-trumpian-bluff--401100">Il Foglio</a></em><a href="https://www.ilfoglio.it/esteri/2026/06/24/news/rubio-ready-to-seal-the-deal-to-reunify-libya-the-story-of-yet-another-trumpian-bluff--401100"> melden dat de regering-Trump werkt aan een ambitieus plan om de politieke verdeeldheid in Libi&#235; te be&#235;indigen</a><span>. </span><br><br><span>Volgens bronnen van </span><em>Il Foglio</em><span> wil de Amerikaanse minister van Buitenlandse Zaken Marco Rubio mogelijk al eind deze maand vertegenwoordigers uit Oost- en West-Libi&#235; in Washington ontvangen om een historisch akkoord over de hereniging van het land te bezegelen.</span><br><br><span>Voor het Witte Huis zou zo'n overeenkomst opnieuw kunnen worden gepresenteerd als een diplomatiek succes: Trumps 'negende vredesdeal'.</span><br><br><span>Maar wie naar Libi&#235; zelf kijkt, kan moeilijk enthousiast worden. Zo worden buitenlandse spelers zoals de Emiraten en Turkije er niet bij betrokken en dreigen milities met een dergelijke deal hun verdienmodel te verliezen.</span><br><br><span>Ook is het nog maar de vraag of het akkoord op brede steun onder de Libi&#235;rs kan rekenen. Zonder die steun dreigt dit akkoord vooral een diplomatiek succes voor de b&#252;hne te worden.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CYxs!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac825e1e-011e-4b20-98fa-beb3e3f3fcf3_1200x850.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CYxs!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac825e1e-011e-4b20-98fa-beb3e3f3fcf3_1200x850.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CYxs!, 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class="image-caption">Muammar Gaddafi (1942&#8211;2011) spreekt tijdens een televisietoespraak in Tripoli op de 34e verjaardag van de oprichting van het Libische bestuur (2 maart 2011), waarin hij het staatsbestel en de macht van het volk benadrukt (c) EPA | STR</figcaption></figure></div><h4><strong><span>Schoonpapa Boulos</span></strong></h4><p><a href="https://www.theafricareport.com/398241/from-congo-to-sudan-time-is-running-out-for-trumps-africa-dealmaker-massad-boulos/">De architect van het Amerikaanse Libi&#235;-plan is Massad Boulos</a><span>. Deze Libanees-Amerikaanse zakenman is de vader van Michael Boulos, de echtgenoot van Trumps dochter Tiffany.</span><br><br><span>Voordat hij diplomaat werd, verdiende Boulos jarenlang zijn geld met de verkoop van vrachtwagens en machines in West-Afrika, met name in Nigeria. Zijn mislukte poging om in Libanon de politiek in te gaan leverde weinig op, maar dankzij een gunstig huwelijk in de Trump-familie belandde hij alsnog dicht bij de macht.</span><br><br><a href="https://www.newarab.com/news/lebanese-billionaire-who-helped-donald-trump-get-reelected">Tijdens de presidentscampagne van 2024 kreeg Boulos de taak om Arabisch-Amerikaanse kiezers voor Trump te winnen</a><span>. Inmiddels mag hij zich namens Washington ontfermen over enkele van de ingewikkeldste dossiers in Afrika en het Midden-Oosten.</span><br><br><span>Sinds vorig jaar is Boulos uitgegroeid tot de belangrijkste Amerikaanse bemiddelaar in Libi&#235;.</span><br><br><span>In Afrika heeft Boulos inmiddels ook een diplomatiek succes op zijn naam staan. Hij speelde een belangrijke rol bij de door de Verenigde Staten bemiddelde overeenkomst tussen Rwanda en de Democratische Republiek Congo. </span><br><br><span>Die deal moest een einde maken aan de jarenlange spanningen in Oost-Congo en voorzag onder meer in veiligheidsafspraken en economische samenwerking.</span><br><br><em><a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/us-imposes-sanctions-commanders-over-fighting-eastern-congo-2026-06-02/">Reuters</a></em><a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/us-imposes-sanctions-commanders-over-fighting-eastern-congo-2026-06-02/"> meldde begin deze maand nog dat de rebellengroep M23 en andere gewapende groepen gewoon zijn blijven doorvechten. Washington legde zelfs nieuwe sancties op</a><span>. </span><br><br><span>De door Trump geclaimde vrede lijkt daarmee vooral een diplomatieke persverklaring te zijn geweest.</span><br><br><span>Net als in Congo wil Washington een snel diplomatiek succes voor eigenbelang. In Congo draaide het om toegang tot kritieke grondstoffen zoals kobalt en lithium. In Libi&#235; gaat het om iets waar Washington traditioneel gevoelig voor is: olie en gas. Succes in Libi&#235; zou het cv van Boulos in Washington ongetwijfeld een flinke impuls geven.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!obi9!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e62e548-3697-4ae9-bf1c-271346c61159_1200x817.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!obi9!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e62e548-3697-4ae9-bf1c-271346c61159_1200x817.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!obi9!, 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e62e548-3697-4ae9-bf1c-271346c61159_1200x817.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!obi9!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e62e548-3697-4ae9-bf1c-271346c61159_1200x817.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" 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class="image-caption">Massad Fares Boulos geeft een verklaring bij aankomst op de internationale conferentie over Soedan in Berlijn (15 april 2026). De bijeenkomst richt zich op het hervatten van vastgelopen vredesgesprekken en het mobiliseren van humanitaire hulp voor het door oorlog en hongersnood getroffen land (c) Odd ANDERSEN | AFP</figcaption></figure></div><h4><strong><span>Persoonlijke ambities</span></strong></h4><p><span>Na intensieve diplomatieke pendeldiensten tussen Tripoli, Benghazi en Ca&#239;ro zou hij volgens</span><em> Il Foglio</em><span> zelfs hebben gelobbyd voor de prestigieuze post van Amerikaans ambassadeur in Saoedi-Arabi&#235;. Toen die baan aan zijn neus voorbijging, verlegde hij zijn ambities naar de Verenigde Arabische Emiraten.</span><br><br><span>Een ambassadeurschap in de Golf is bovendien meer dan een prestigieuze diplomatieke post. Het kan ook een lucratief visitekaartje zijn voor de toekomst. </span><a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/finance/kushners-affinitys-assets-jump-48-billion-after-gulf-cash-injection-2025-03-28/">Jared Kushner gaf alvast het voorbeeld: nadat hij namens Trump onderhandelde met de Golfmonarchie&#235;n, haalde hij miljarden dollars op bij dezelfde regimes voor zijn investeringsfonds</a><span>.</span><br><br><span>Juist daar schuilt de zwakte van Trumps diplomatie. In plaats van ervaren diplomaten en institutionele expertise, wordt het Amerikaanse buitenlandbeleid steeds vaker vormgegeven door ambitieuze zakenlieden met familiebanden met de president.</span><br><br><span>Dat ondermijnt niet alleen de geloofwaardigheid van de Verenigde Staten, maar laat vooral zien dat Amerikaanse diplomatie steeds minder om Amerika draait en steeds meer om persoonlijke ambities en snelle deals.</span><br><br><span>Tot snel, </span><br><span>Abdou</span></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneren&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;nl&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption"></p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Typ je e-mailadres&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Abonneren"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[De betekenis van een verbannen scheidsrechter]]></title><description><![CDATA[Ik ben geen voetbalfan. Maar van het WK voetbal in de VS, Canada en Mexico valt veel te leren.]]></description><link>https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/de-betekenis-van-een-verbannen-scheidsrechter</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/de-betekenis-van-een-verbannen-scheidsrechter</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[VPRO Buitenland]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 22 Jun 2026 08:07:45 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c13b6794-b9e7-44f4-8b7e-89af24f5915a_1456x1048.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span>Ik ben geen voetbalfan. Maar van het WK voetbal in de VS, Canada en Mexico valt veel te leren. De beslissing van de Amerikaanse douane om de Somalische scheidsrechter Omar Artan de toegang tot de VS en het WK te weigeren biedt een interessante inkijk in hoe de wereld op dit moment werkt.<br><br>Eerst over scheidsrechter Artan zelf. Op een van mijn favoriete websites kun je een prachtig portret van hem lezen, </span><a href="https://africasacountry.com/2026/06/the-meaning-of-omar-artan"><span>The Meaning of Omar Artan</span></a><span>. De dag dat hij aan de grens werd geweigerd, 6 juni, was de dag van zijn verjaardag en &#8220;de dag dat zijn dromen in duigen vielen&#8217;&#8217;. Artan is volgens het portret een hardwerkende professional, wiens deelname als scheidsrechter voor Somali&#235; grote symbolische waarde heeft, nu het land opkrabbelt na decennia burgeroorlog.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IWbu!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F142cf0d8-01ae-4ab5-adc8-568d49a18ed5_1920x1280.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IWbu!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, 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class="image-caption">Somalisch scheidsrechter Omar Abdulkadir Artan geeft Gabon-aanvaller Denis Bouanga een gele kaart tijdens de Afrika Cup-wedstrijd tussen Gabon en Ivoorkust op 31 december 2025 in Marrakech (c) Khaled DESOUKI / AFP</figcaption></figure></div><h4>Banden met terreurorganisatie</h4><p><span>President Trump koestert een opvallende weerzin tegen Somali&#235;rs. Hij </span><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NobIxw0Q3Hg"><span>noemde</span></a><span> de grote Somalische gemeenschap in Minnesota &#8220;vuilnis&#8217;&#8217; en stuurde ICE naar de stad. Over Somali&#235; zei hij: &#8220;Alles wat ze daar doen, is rondrennen met wapens en op elkaar schieten&#8217;&#8217;. Die weerzin heeft voor hem een duidelijk gezicht: dat van Ilhan Omar, het Democratische Congreslid uit Minnesota van Somalische afkomst, met wie Trump een </span><a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/1/28/ice-ilhan-omar-and-somalis-unpacking-trumps-obsession-with-minnesota"><span>lang lopende vete</span></a><span> heeft. <br><br>Scheidsrechter Artan had met die vete niks te maken, zou je zeggen. Maar hem wegsturen met de </span><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lRiEpR3pjA0"><span>beschuldiging</span></a><span> &#8220;banden te hebben met leden van een terreurorganisatie&#8217;&#8217; staat niet op zichzelf.</span></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneer nu&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Abonneer nu</span></a></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AsFl!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F99140496-de27-4a39-8cf2-b20b7f1cdf61_1920x1279.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source 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class="image-caption">Ilhan Omar spreekt de pers toe in Minneapolis op 28 januari 2026, een dag nadat zij tijdens een openbare bijeenkomst werd aangevallen met een onbekende vloeistof (c) Octavio JONES | AFP</figcaption></figure></div><h4><strong><span>Terroristenmedia van Hezbollah</span></strong></h4><p><span>Onze meest recente Frontlinie aflevering, </span><em><a href="https://npo.nl/start/afspelen/frontlinie_23?utm_source=substack-buitenland&amp;utm_medium=social&amp;utm_campaign=9&amp;utm_term=read&amp;utm_content=newsletter-refurbished"><span>De schaduwoorlog en de moord op journalisten</span></a></em><span>, laat zien hoe effectief zo&#8217;n beschuldiging is. Ook de Libanese journaliste Amal Khalil werd door de woordvoerder van het Isra&#235;lische leger in een tweet beschuldigd te werken voor de &#8220;terroristenmedia van Hezbollah&#8221;. <br><br>Onze uitzending liet ook zien hoe zo&#8217;n beschuldiging kritiekloos in veel media werd overgenomen. Daarom besloten we om haar krant, </span><em><span>Al Akhbar</span></em><span>, te bezoeken. De krant had een &#8220;vrouwenbijlage&#8221;, schreef over homorechten en was volgens de medeoprichter ook kritisch op Hezbollah. De krant noemt zichzelf links: &#8220;we sympathiseren met de onderdrukten&#8217;&#8217;. Toen ik de oprichter vroeg hoeveel internationale media sinds de dood van Amal Khalil op bezoek waren geweest om dit verhaal te checken, maakte hij een rondje met zijn duim en wijsvinger: &#8220;Nul&#8217;&#8217;.</span></p><h4><strong><span>Het omstanderseffect</span></strong></h4><p><span>Het wegsturen van scheidsrechter Omar Artan gaf een inkijk in de werking van repressieve staten. Ja, er waren veel internationale steunbetuigingen, er was verontwaardiging. Maar geen enkele collega-scheidsrechter zei: &#8220;Dan ga ik ook niet&#8221;. Er was geen voetbalbond die zei: &#8220;We gaan naar huis&#8221;. <br><br>Dit gebrek aan solidariteit heet in de psychologie het omstanderseffect. Je ziet het vaak gebeuren in vergaderingen. De voorzitter zegt iets onvriendelijks over een medewerker en iedereen zwijgt. Pas na afloop komen de appjes van degenen die in stilte sympathie betuigen. Je ziet het ook in bezuinigingsrondes. Degenen die hun baan verliezen willen actie, degenen die de dans ontspringen houden wijselijk hun mond.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QZyH!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2bc6b6a-8cb5-403a-9de5-dfcf0a0e0396_1920x1280.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QZyH!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2bc6b6a-8cb5-403a-9de5-dfcf0a0e0396_1920x1280.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QZyH!, 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2bc6b6a-8cb5-403a-9de5-dfcf0a0e0396_1920x1280.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QZyH!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2bc6b6a-8cb5-403a-9de5-dfcf0a0e0396_1920x1280.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" 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class="image-caption"><span>FIFA-scheidsrechter Omar Abdulkadir Artan wordt bij aankomst op de luchthaven van Mogadishu, Somali&#235;, op 10 juni 2026 door supporters verwelkomd (c) EPA | SAID YUSUF WARSAME</span></figcaption></figure></div><h4><strong><span>An injury to one is an injury to all</span></strong></h4><p><span>De slogan van de Zuid-Afrikaanse vakbondskoepel COSATU is: &#8220;An injury to one is an injury to all&#8221;. Dat gegeven was de belangrijkste drijfveer om de aflevering over de doelgerichte aanvallen op journalisten in Libanon te maken. Wat daar nu met onze collega&#8217;s gebeurt, gaat iedere journalist in de wereld aan. Ik heb al in eerdere nieuwsbrieven geschreven over die boemerang, en hoe geweld ver weg uiteindelijk ook altijd thuis terecht kan komen.<br><br>Aanstaande dinsdag praten we in Pakhuis de Zwijger over dit gevaar met Tagreed El-Khodary, voormalig correspondent voor </span><em><span>The New York Times</span></em><span> in Gaza, verslaggever Zainab Hammoud (Nieuwsuur) en Thomas Bruning van de Nederlandse Vereniging voor Journalisten. Aanmelden kan </span><a href="https://dezwijger.nl/programma/the-shadow-war-and-the-murder-of-journalists"><span>hier</span></a><span>. </span></p><h4><strong><span>Lees-, kijk- en luistertips van de redactie</span></strong></h4><ul><li><p>Aanstaande zondag schuift Nasrah Habiballah aan bij Abdou Bouzerda in <em><a href="https://npo.nl/luister/podcasts/1135-achter-de-frontlinie?utm_source=substack-buitenland&amp;utm_medium=social&amp;utm_campaign=9&amp;utm_term=read&amp;utm_content=newsletter-refurbished">Achter de Frontlinie</a></em>. Na drie&#235;nhalf jaar stopt ze als correspondent voor Isra&#235;l en de Palestijnse gebieden waarin ze verslag deed van alle belangrijke gebeurtenissen.</p></li><li><p>In de laatste aflevering van Frontlinie zie je iemand die normaal achter de schermen staat: de fixer. Een beladen titel, maar een onmisbare rol binnen de internationale journalistiek. Fixers spreken zich al langer uit over slechte compensatie, onpersoonlijke en ondankbare opdrachtgevers en de werkdruk, maar afgelopen jaren lijkt het tij te keren, en krijgen fixers meer en meer publieke waardering voor hun werk. <em>Arte</em> startte zelfs <a href="https://www.arte.tv/en/videos/130301-000-A/fixers-on-the-frontline">een documentaire serie</a>specifiek gefocust op het werk van deze bijzondere beroepsgroep.</p></li><li><p><a href="https://variety.com/2025/film/reviews/a-sad-and-beautiful-world-review-1236599598/">De Libanese inzending</a> voor de Oscars van dit jaar valt in de categorie &#8216;Romance&#8217;. Gezien de huidige situatie is dat een verrassende keuze, maar voor veel Libanezen is die logischer dan je denkt. Het verhaal van twee geliefden die zich een weg proberen te banen in de economische malaise, oorlog en de nasleep van de verwoestende havenramp in de haven van Beiroet, is voor veel Libanese jongeren pijnlijk herkenbaar, en biedt ons een bijzonder inkijkje in het paradoxale leven van velen in Libanon.</p></li><li><p>Dat legers wereldwijd, het Nederlandse incluis, angstvallig Gen-Z jongeren proberen te rekruteren is bekend, maar het is interessant om de verschillende wervingscampagnes eens te vergelijken en stil te staan bij de vraag: werkt dit? De Nederlandse inzending &#8216;Het is tijd voor defensie&#8217; verschilt aanzienlijk van de Russische: &#8216;Je bent een man, gedraag je ook zo&#8217;. <em><a href="https://monocle.com/affairs/defence/modern-army-recruitment-tactics-posters/">Monocle</a></em> zette er een aantal op een rij en vergeleek de strategie&#235;n.</p></li></ul><p>Tot de volgende, <br>Bram</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneer nu&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe"><span>Abonneer nu</span></a></p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[De prijs van (schijn)veiligheid]]></title><description><![CDATA[Er zijn weken waarin verschillende nieuwsberichten plotseling &#233;&#233;n verhaal blijken te vertellen.]]></description><link>https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/de-prijs-van-schijnveiligheid</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/de-prijs-van-schijnveiligheid</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[VPRO Buitenland]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 15 Jun 2026 09:02:00 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ba8f41ac-1f50-40f4-a577-320b5835588d_1456x1048.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Er zijn weken waarin verschillende nieuwsberichten plotseling &#233;&#233;n verhaal blijken te vertellen.<br><br>Afgelopen dagen was zo&#8217;n week met de start van het <a href="https://nos.nl/artikel/2618191-het-europese-migratiepact-gaat-in-wat-verandert-er">Europese migratiepact</a>, de <a href="https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2026/06/09/een-kettingreactie-aan-tegenslagen-door-bezuinigingen-op-de-zorg-de-kans-op-financiele-problemen-is-reeel-a4929478">waarschuwing van het Nibud dat door kabinetsmaatregelen aanzienlijke extra kosten dreigen voor Nederlanders met een beperking</a> &#233;n <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cgjx64yl7z9o">het opstappen van de Britse minister van Defensie</a>.<br><br>Op het eerste gezicht losse dossiers. Toch vertellen ze samen &#233;&#233;n verhaal: Europa herdefinieert zichzelf, en de rekening verschuift.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7xvF!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F36f8d8bf-3313-4296-80fe-cc9080f24d36_1920x1340.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7xvF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F36f8d8bf-3313-4296-80fe-cc9080f24d36_1920x1340.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7xvF!, 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F36f8d8bf-3313-4296-80fe-cc9080f24d36_1920x1340.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7xvF!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F36f8d8bf-3313-4296-80fe-cc9080f24d36_1920x1340.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" 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class="image-caption">John Healey botste met premier Starmer over de defensiebegroting (c) Kin Cheung | POOL | AFP</figcaption></figure></div><h4>Europees dilemma</h4><p>Europese NAVO-regeringen gaven dit jaar bijna 500 miljard euro uit aan defensie: <a href="https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/04/27/rapport-defensie-uitgaven-wereldwijd/">de grootste stijging sinds de Koude Oorlog</a>.<br><br>Dat is begrijpelijk in een wereld waarin het Amerika van Trump de NAVO behandelt als een abonnement waarvan hij de voorwaarden eenzijdig kan herschrijven.<br><br><a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/politics/article/2025/07/16/french-pm-s-planned-2026-budget-cuts-could-slow-growth-experts-say_6743435_5.html">De Franse krant </a><em><a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/politics/article/2025/07/16/french-pm-s-planned-2026-budget-cuts-could-slow-growth-experts-say_6743435_5.html">Le Monde</a></em><a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/politics/article/2025/07/16/french-pm-s-planned-2026-budget-cuts-could-slow-growth-experts-say_6743435_5.html"> omschreef de begrotingsruzies in Parijs vorig jaar treffend als onderdeel van een breder Europees dilemma</a>: hoe betaal je tegelijkertijd voor herbewapening, pensioenen, ziekenhuizen &#233;n de energietransitie?<br><br>Bondskanselier Merz heeft inmiddels zelfs het <a href="https://www.demorgen.be/nieuws/hoe-de-duitsers-zoals-de-fransen-worden-de-kans-is-groot-dat-het-europese-taboe-op-schulden-doorbroken-wordt~b2faced8/">heilige taboe van de Schuldenbremse gedeeltelijk losgelaten</a>.<br><br><a href="https://www.nu.nl/economie/6358690/vijftien-eu-landen-mogen-begrotingstekort-laten-oplopen-voor-defensie-uitgaven.html">Duitsland behoort bovendien tot de vijftien EU-landen die bij de Europese Commissie hebben aangeklopt voor extra begrotingsruimte om de defensie-uitgaven te verhogen</a>.<br><br>Er wordt meer geleend, maar ook in Berlijn ontkomt de politiek niet aan pijnlijke keuzes rond sociale uitgaven.<br><br>We zien in verschillende Europese begrotingen een patroon: hogere defensie-uitgaven gaan vaak samen met bezuinigingen op zorg.<br><br><a href="https://nos.nl/collectie/14012/artikel/2600274-coalitieakkoord-19-miljard-voor-defensie-forse-bezuinigingen-op-zorg-uitkeringen">Nederland vormt daarop geen uitzondering</a>. Volgens berekeningen van het Nibud kunnen mensen met een chronische ziekte of beperking door de kabinetsplannen duizenden euro's per jaar verliezen, in sommige gevallen zelfs meer dan 3.500 euro.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneren&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;nl&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption"></p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Typ je e-mailadres&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Abonneren"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" 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class="image-caption">Een F-35 op het platform tijdens een oefening bij Schiphol (c) ROBIN VAN LONKHUIJSEN | ANP</figcaption></figure></div><h4><strong>Hekel aan de welvaartsstaat</strong></h4><p>Tijdens de <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dlL3pwlO2rE&amp;time_continue=2&amp;source_ve_path=NzY3NTg&amp;embeds_referring_euri=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fsearch%3Fq%3DVeiligheidsconferenti%25C3%25AB%2Bin%2BM%25C3%25BCnchen%2Brubio%2Btoespraak%26sca_esv%3D20bdb1f59f02b5ee%26rlz%3D1C5OZZY">Veiligheidsconferentie in M&#252;nchen</a> begin dit jaar waarschuwde de rechtse politicus en Amerikaanse minister van Buitenlandse Zaken Marco Rubio dat Europese landen te veel geld aan de verzorgingsstaat uitgeven en te weinig aan defensie.<br><br>Volgens Rubio hebben veel Europese landen hun militaire slagkracht verwaarloosd door te investeren in &#8216;massive welfare states&#8217;.<br><br>Voor de Trump-regering is het gevecht voor meer defensie-uitgaven ook een cultuurstrijd. In het wereldbeeld van de Amerikaanse administratie zijn omvangrijke sociale voorzieningen niet een teken van beschaving, maar van bestuurlijke zwakte.<br><br>Die <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_2025">overtuiging werd uitgewerkt in Project 2025</a>, het ideologische handboek van Trump-bondgenoten. De architecten daarvan richten hun blik inmiddels ook nadrukkelijk op Europa.<br><br>De Heritage Foundation, de denktank achter het plan, werkt tegenwoordig samen met Europese partners als het Hongaarse Mathias Corvinus Collegium en het Poolse Ordo Iuris aan een eigen versie ervan. Dit project is vorig jaar gegaan van start tijdens een besloten bijeenkomst in Washington, met als resultaat een document genaamd &#8216;<a href="https://wydawnictwo.ordoiuris.pl/index.php/books/en/catalog/book/54">The Great Reset: Restoring Member State Sovereignty in the 21st Century</a>&#8217;.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!915d!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e26e5d7-63de-4b1d-bdb4-c1baa1691208_1920x1281.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!915d!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, 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class="image-caption">Marco Rubio tijdens een offici&#235;le begrotingshoorzitting waarin hij de geplande uitgaven van zijn ministerie verdedigt tegenover de Amerikaanse Senaat (c) WILL OLIVER | EPA</figcaption></figure></div><h4>Hoeveel blijft over van de Europese belofte?</h4><p>Natuurlijk is Europa geen vazalstaat die braaf de instructies uit Washington opvolgt. Maar het is moeilijk te ontkennen dat onze sociale welvaartsstelsels daardoor flink onder druk staan.<br><br>De Belgische minister van Begroting Vincent Van Peteghem zag dat dilemma al eerder aankomen <a href="https://www.politico.eu/article/belgium-wants-to-count-investments-in-roads-bridges-as-defense-spending/">toen hij waarschuwde dat Europa niet alleen zijn veiligheid, maar ook zijn verzorgingsstaat moet verdedigen</a>. De Belg zag de bui al hangen.<br><br>Je zou zelfs nu al een ongemakkelijkere conclusie kunnen trekken. Europa werd na de Tweede Wereldoorlog gebouwd rond de belofte van welvaart. Steeds vaker lijkt het continent zich nu te organiseren rond een andere belofte: bescherming. Tegen migratie, tegen Rusland, tegen geopolitieke onzekerheid. De vraag is alleen hoeveel ruimte er overblijft voor die eerste belofte.</p><h4>Beter bewapend, minder veilig</h4><p>De Bulgaarse politicoloog <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Krastev">Ivan Krastev</a> ziet die verschuiving als iets fundamentelers dan een begrotingskwestie. Volgens hem verandert heel het zelfbeeld van Europa. Het continent dat decennialang zijn legitimiteit ontleende aan welvaart, gezondheidszorg en sociale zekerheid, zoekt nu een nieuwe identiteit in iets dat die belofte juist kan beperken: angst, en de bescherming daartegen.<br><br>Dat is geen toeval, zegt Krastev. Een samenleving die zich bedreigd voelt, gedraagt zich anders dan een samenleving die zich veilig voelt. Ze is bereid concessies te doen die ze daarvoor ondenkbaar vond, juist omdat de dreiging als groter wordt ervaren dan het verlies.<br><br>Maar welke Europese waarden beschermen we dan eigenlijk? Solidariteit, gelijke toegang tot zorg, bescherming van de zwakste schouders; dat waren ooit de fundamenten waarop de Europese belofte rustte. <br><br>Als die fundamenten worden weggesneden om de wapens te kunnen betalen, dan beschermen we vooral de grenzen, en niet meer de samenleving daarbinnen.<br><br>We zijn beter bewapend. Maar veiliger? Dat is een andere vraag.<br><br>Tot snel, <br>Abdou</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneren&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;nl&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption"></p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Typ je e-mailadres&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Abonneren"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Een monument voor de journalistiek]]></title><description><![CDATA[Zuid-Afrika was in het nieuws. De ex-directeur van Milieudefensie en ex-woordvoerder van Tata Steel bleek in zijn jeugd voorstander te zijn geweest van een witte Volksstaat.]]></description><link>https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/een-monument-voor-de-journalistiek</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/een-monument-voor-de-journalistiek</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[VPRO Buitenland]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 08 Jun 2026 09:02:07 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f1908795-b5e0-48a7-8691-85c520ea74ca_1456x1048.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Zuid-Afrika was in het <a href="https://nos.nl/artikel/2616817-pols-na-een-dag-ontslagen-bij-tata-steel-verzweeg-extreemrechts-verleden">nieuws</a>. De ex-directeur van Milieudefensie en ex-woordvoerder van Tata Steel bleek in zijn jeugd voorstander te zijn geweest van een witte Volksstaat. <br><br>De val van een mediapersoonlijkheid is natuurlijk nieuws. Toch kan ik me weinig ophef herinneren over <a href="https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2024/05/31/afrikaner-boeren-vinden-weer-gehoor-dankzij-radicaal-rechts-in-europa-a4200652">de banden</a> van vooraanstaande Nederlandse politici met Zuid-Afrikanen die nog altijd in die witte Volksstaat geloven en zich het liefst <a href="https://npo.nl/start/afspelen/frontlinie_12">afkeren</a> van de multiculturele samenleving. Het platform voor die ideologie krijgt internationaal steeds meer steun en heeft in het Witte Huis een <a href="https://url.de.m.mimecastprotect.com/r/NrV_u5lwpJwfv6VuTnm1sWU-XpDDT2msw7t-Q1SWTaZlLaEPBzVsLc-0_uAPZdg1WbbGLD2kvyochEVAZnluhqKuu3WyfFwGO1aMjy8qKDTS_3tyhuPZMiG9DOkiBM6HdFmyVPnyJX159k1jlaEf-SFw0exgE9Ztk20qzJHdB5PSAY28rPxqMiGs5U83aPHmMmMpQguTYZWPrkghhFfL5W0y_xdWOTK4i--g2JsTjCtQlIZptgY2nIak6fSQSUzqKEEmDa7aA78VkqtWAwpfl9QiPid-kxbQMCQvrIPHZYwJYznvelR2xXXbbiAW6WBECEteMoiwFegH35heNoGQjVk1fv2OX1IpqDaLdcr5aWCXvTilCeo98hOAgd6YqqYIJKega5KpIWRWZ1FF75NfKqaw7iBOJEXKqu6otKGHdGTSo_OHm84_41LLXe71CB6PQFRgnLPZ8QLBcsmFU62xm74f3Aw9H3PbKdE8VwOr92y85vdJ0yJYx9UYi9E7qdSLdircBwqikBXzMzx-iU0nu-L2QSpu71EQRY2Gv-uWSF-Aa61HKUH03SUYLagPgLsfHl7N7Hj0hKYlQTSMfRbteyhfNejS5DouDuoLeV_fuoubhxeftK_YcRIFLOI5dY8EXcQpp7lx_MDpmtGZ0gEu6e0wq-vTGzuefTrPlga0I-ahig1IwgCzqHMxKAnAzA9qe1zQczjXBNkWyXQVqOG7PUdh5Ue0FS1O9-4T-g0O-GozTD_pl-k5LWOyF55icbkY4KV_GSJL14LgEUCGhQSCn-F3BIIz9PcguwF-W4Elx8aQCy7mBkuch0dSvLVqOpPNpYhVoLVfn7s-Hz9OVQWWGE3l5MBsYiEfBNfWIjYKDDfhXS2OXO85sbSDnYrVubPHBBwtnM4uRpHQsFUyyb-pADsR-VZZZYh6ezH5pubJDZNz6tgQqr0iPU_ZH4Fi8WXL2S03jQ3doiLFfsGOWlKBQXj1lPlaj7AZ_bWjf1beZo_uijsZjKMwyflf8rytedXr5FAUdMsB4DTixfRYfqD74EWy8tWPiMlnKoEZBNvGww8GYljZlbjHQhCPTC_5lMc-Kbjen4Vve-gZ9r8RXY9PAqva6RXb_U2bGo4z7jqNYyaIbQXwCFvzEECxnGyXBXXOPjLnDjISkAQWZ929tmH6LTIwnChP6v_ap29sic-Tx_BT_AoniXe7EveOKF3jzoDLHbARHDNE4eqrdNyCMcnpd3WQ7s0hhf2HgVLASIfc-a0wXuirKyOH5sR50PIXi67E2WYPPeUf5OflUQI5fvs_xdSXzoCwvHm_xFNT_NhH6vXNiw5SR-zyxh6In6VJN0GnDFam-4pNygONIrHp8FfQ1yr8-DoJliG7VMePPkXOSDYSs78q1qtakCQK5zIg6PhhBO6S2pV_BwmXbwwnilxnJ9S8F621pMLHLjlMoCWr3hinwDgeU7lI78CxEk8ip6cyLifXQ_ccYjdXqKOKvyKJEhGb6rmxQipjy-7miV44ugpyO9FnUnVoXw1vDq8H_-Wj7NxgkJbSTOsOjAIgdN7QfJE8NYlJJv9x6E7s1bwxW22T4lZa0w86PlAJxMtsGqModZ-ElZUlQjldyp5-BLGw4FCXWOIIwq9moMk9nkgmtUSwwmLNAH3ZqECZPbhfQsdce3Zlwijx5C2ADAzofPpTfdv-6wN7OJAuc1QOkk4K-7BSMKtn6_jznw_eDTqLTGHC">luisterend oor</a>, zoals we in Frontlinie lieten zien. <br><br>Zuid-Afrika kwam ook in het nieuws met de mededeling dat de genocidezaak tegen Isra&#235;l bij het Internationaal Gerechtshof met achttien maanden is uitgesteld en nog zeker tot 2029 kan lopen. Zuid-Afrika had zelf om dat uitstel gevraagd.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6WH3!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58af63df-6395-44e0-91b1-c74e677e0b13_1920x1304.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6WH3!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58af63df-6395-44e0-91b1-c74e677e0b13_1920x1304.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6WH3!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, 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class="image-caption">Ambassadeur Vusimuzi Madonsela (R) van Zuid-Afrika tijdens een uitspraak van het Internationaal Gerechtshof (ICJ) over de situatie in Rafah op 24-05-2024 (c) Koen van Weel | ANP</figcaption></figure></div><h4><strong>Verlichting voor Isra&#235;l</strong></h4><p>In de wandelgangen bij het hof in Den Haag - hoor ik - zijn daar veel vragen over. Is er toch politieke druk op het advocatenteam geweest? De Isra&#235;lische krant <em>Jerusalem Post</em> spreekt over &#8220;<a href="https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/article-898019">Verlichting voor Isra&#235;l</a>.&#8221; De Zuid-Afrikaanse krant <em>Mail &amp; Guardian<a href="https://mg.co.za/politics/2026-06-03-icj-sets-next-phase-of-south-africas-gaza-genocide-case/"> </a></em>vraagt zich af of het internationaal recht nog wel een geloofwaardig instrument is om een volkerenmoord die gaande is, te stoppen. <br><br>Tegen 2029 zal ook in kaart zijn gebracht wat nu in Libanon gebeurt. Een woordvoerder van het Isra&#235;lische leger <a href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/idf-says-dozens-of-hezbollah-members-hiding-in-christian-neighborhood-in-tyre-warns-they-arent-safe-there/">waarschuwde</a> christelijke families in de stad Tyrus geen onderdak te geven aan &#8216;Hezbollah&#8217; in hun huizen. Toen we in mei door die christelijke wijken in Tyrus liepen, waren de meeste christenen al als de dood om op camera te komen. Wie vluchtelingen uit het zuiden van Libanon opvangt, sjiieten dus, kan zelf doelwit worden.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FnE3!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57d3133d-5633-4a71-adff-e16065b8546a_2048x1536.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FnE3!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57d3133d-5633-4a71-adff-e16065b8546a_2048x1536.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FnE3!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, 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class="image-caption">De zuidelijke kustplaats Tyrus (bron: Bram Vermeulen)</figcaption></figure></div><h4><strong>Mijn Libanese collega&#8217;s</strong></h4><p>In onze volgende aflevering, donderdagavond om 21.15 te zien op NPO2, kun je zien hoe de getuigen van de oorlog, de journalisten, doelwit zijn geworden. &#8220;De aard van de verslaggeving is compleet veranderd&#8217;&#8217;, vertelt de correspondent van de<em> LA Times</em>, die alle grote conflicten in de wereld heeft verslagen. &#8220;Hier zijn wij het doelwit.&#8221;<br><br>Ik kan me geen aflevering herinneren die me zo heeft aangegrepen. Zittend aan het ziekenhuisbed van een 20-jarige fotograaf Zeinab Fahraj, die een Isra&#235;lische raket heeft overleefd maar haar collega kwijtraakte. Luisterend naar de Libanese collega die net een vriend, een reddingswerker heeft verloren, die iemand onder het puin wilde redden en vervolgens zelf werd gedood door een tweede - double tap - Isra&#235;lische raket. Kijkend in de ogen van een cameraman die dit werk dertig jaar heeft gedaan en diepbedroefd zegt: &#8220;ik kan het niet meer, fysiek niet, mentaal niet.&#8217;&#8217;<br><br>Degenen die de uitzending al hebben mogen zien, zijn er nog stil van.</p><h4>Het zwijgen</h4><p>Het zwijgen over wat er gebeurt in Libanon verloopt in drie delen. Ten eerste is er het risico dat je loopt door verslag te gaan doen. &#8220;We are a tasty target&#8217;&#8217;, verzucht een correspondent in onze uitzending.<br><br>Verslag doen kan, zolang je niet de zones ingaat die door het Isra&#235;lische leger zijn aangewezen als &#8216;evacuatiezone&#8217;. Dat is een eufemisme voor ontvolking. Ga je toch die zone in, dan kan jou hetzelfde gebeuren als Amal Khalil, de 43-jarige Libanese verslaggeefster die een belangrijke rol speelt in onze uitzending. De correspondent van de <em>LA Times</em> maakte de vergelijking met de Vietnamoorlog waar het Amerikaanse leger niet alleen Vietcongstrijders doelwit maakte, maar hun dorpen en het hele supportnetwerk eromheen, van bakkers tot reddingswerkers en journalisten.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iNDk!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1f1053b7-f95c-4c3b-aa51-5c6fdedb6fd4_1538x2048.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iNDk!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, 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class="image-caption">Een gebouw vlakbij het strand in Beiroet (bron: Bruce Amende)</figcaption></figure></div><p>Het tweede zwijgen wordt veroorzaakt door financi&#235;le druk op de internationale journalistiek. Veel internationale 24-uurszenders kiezen ervoor om slechts sporadisch verslag te doen van Libanon. Zoals een verslaggever in de uitzending zegt: &#8220;wat denk je dat prioriteit heeft: de levens van Libanezen of de benzineprijs?&#8217;&#8217;<br><br>Het probleem ligt dieper. Verzekeringen voor dit soort missies in oorlogsgebied worden steeds duurder. En grote internationale media zitten in zwaar weer. <em>The Washington Post</em> ontsloeg al zijn correspondenten en andere journalisten. Zenders als <em>CNN</em> hebben geen permanent bureau meer in Libanon. <br><br>Het derde zwijgen wordt veroorzaakt door zelfcensuur. Bij alle media waar ik in de afgelopen 30 jaar heb gewerkt wordt Isra&#235;l als een gevoelig onderwerp gezien. Het is de afgelopen drie jaar iets veranderd, meer media en politici durven kritisch te zijn, maar de kramp is er nog steeds. Het grootste gevaar is misschien wel dat we murw gebeukt zijn over zoveel leed en zoveel frontlinies. Hoe geef je dan nog een gezicht aan de mensen om wie het gaat? <br><br>Onze aflevering <em>De Schaduwoorlog en de moord op journalisten</em>, is een monument voor de collega&#8217;s die toch de moed hadden om dat te blijven doen. <br>Een ode aan hun gedrevenheid.</p><h4>Lees-, kijk- en luistertips van de redactie</h4><ul><li><p>Op 18 juni om 20.30 praten we door over onze aflevering in de KHL in Amsterdam. Je kan erbij zijn via deze <a href="https://denieuwekhl.stager.co/shop/default/events/111669364">link</a>.</p></li><li><p>Abdou Bouzerda spreekt in de nieuwe aflevering van <em><a href="https://npo.nl/luister/podcasts/1135-achter-de-frontlinie">Achter de Frontlinie</a> </em>Tina Farifteh, de Iraans-Nederlandse maker van <em>Tina in Sexbierum</em>, waar ze onderzoekt wat thuiszijn betekent, en hoe ze kan wortelen in het bijzondere Friese dorp.</p></li><li><p>Albani&#235; staat op z&#8217;n kop door de mogelijke komst van een &#8216;Trump/Kushner Island&#8217;, nadat Ivanka Trump en Jared Kushner aangaven een eiland aan de kust te willen ontwikkelen tot hyper-exclusief resort. <em>Al Jazeera</em> schept orde in de chaos met <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/6/5/why-the-kushners-plan-to-build-an-albanian-resort-has-sparked-protests">deze explainer</a>.</p></li><li><p>De paramedics van Libanon kunnen niet genoeg aandacht krijgen, dus Alex Crawford&#8217;s <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?is=bEAqmwTwlqV1S_t1&amp;v=S_qdbj3Yd00&amp;feature=youtu.be">laatste reportage</a> voor <em>Sky News</em>, over deze bijzonder dappere hulpverleners, is niet overbodig.</p></li><li><p>Voor het WK-spektakel losbarst wijst <em><a href="https://edition.cnn.com/2026/05/29/americas/haiti-world-cup-intl-latam">CNN</a> </em>ons op het elftal van Ha&#239;ti, die zich verassend kwalificeerde. Een team dat ondanks de chaos op het eiland &#233;n visa perikelen in aanloop van dit toernooi hoop geeft aan een land dat al jaren door rampen wordt geteisterd.</p></li></ul><p>Tot de volgende, <br>Bram</p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Smeltend klimaatbeleid]]></title><description><![CDATA[Terwijl het Arctisch gebied sneller opwarmt dan verwacht, verandert ook de politieke logica in Europa.]]></description><link>https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/smeltend-klimaatbeleid</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/smeltend-klimaatbeleid</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[VPRO Buitenland]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 01 Jun 2026 12:04:17 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/88c0cda9-fa92-4b90-9047-d6b0a861c176_1456x1048.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Terwijl het <a href="https://scitechdaily.com/greenlands-ice-is-melting-faster-than-ever-and-scientists-are-alarmed/">Arctisch gebied sneller opwarmt dan verwacht</a>, verandert ook de politieke logica in Europa. <br><br>Opgejaagd ook door de gevolgen van de oorlog in Iran, groeit in Brussel <a href="https://www.ft.com/content/aa0cb637-05ac-4f01-a046-fb31a87387d6?syn-25a6b1a6=1">een discussie die enkele jaren geleden nog ondenkbaar leek: nieuwe olie- en gaswinning in het noordpoolgebied</a>. Misschien ontdooit ons Europees klimaatbeleid uiteindelijk sneller dan het ijs.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8PGh!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F345388dd-febd-4b78-973d-029f3a2cba92_2016x1512.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8PGh!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F345388dd-febd-4b78-973d-029f3a2cba92_2016x1512.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8PGh!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, 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xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Smeltend gedeelte van Blomstrand-gletsjer (c) Hajare Ait Ouaba</figcaption></figure></div><h4><strong>Regime shift</strong></h4><p>Een term die deze ontwikkeling goed samenvat komt uit de ecologie, maar reikt inmiddels veel verder dan de klimaatwetenschap: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regime_shift">het fenomeen van regime shift</a>.<br><br>Neem een meer. Jarenlang blijft het water helder, ook terwijl de vervuiling gestaag toeneemt. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-sfoOv1eQ-w">Dan slaat de situatie plotseling om: het water wordt troebel, de vissen verdwijnen. De directe aanleiding is vaak klein, zoals een warme zomer die een algenexplosie veroorzaakt</a>. <br><br>Maar die zomer is niet de eigenlijke oorzaak. Dat is precies wat regime shifts zo verraderlijk maakt. De stilte voor de shift wekt de indruk van stabiliteit, terwijl het systeem eigenlijk al instabiel was. <br><br>En wanneer de omslag komt, lijkt die plots en onverwacht. Maar achteraf was hij al lang in de maak.</p><h4><strong>Arctische versterking</strong></h4><p>Hetzelfde proces voltrekt zich nu in het Arctisch gebied. <a href="https://scientias.nl/arctisch-gebied-warmt-niet-twee-maar-vier-keer-sneller-op-dan-de-rest-van-de-wereld/">Nieuw onderzoek laat zien dat de temperatuur daar sinds 1979 niet twee, maar bijna vier keer sneller stijgt dan het wereldwijde gemiddelde</a>.<br><br>Smeltend zee-ijs weerkaatst normaal zonlicht. Maar wanneer het verdwijnt, komt donker oceaanwater bloot te liggen dat juist warmte absorbeert. Zo ontstaat een zichzelf versterkend proces: minder ijs leidt tot meer warmteopname, wat zorgt voor extra opwarming en n&#243;g minder ijs. <br><br><a href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2026/05/260528082457.htm">Onderzoekers van de Universiteit van Edinburgh waarschuwen dat de Noordelijke IJszee een kantelpunt heeft bereikt waarvan de oude toestand waarschijnlijk niet meer terugkeert. Niet door geleidelijke verslechtering, maar door een abrupte breuk met het verleden.</a></p><p>Een externe schok was slechts de spreekwoordelijke druppel.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZI4R!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff92b97ee-0117-41eb-aa62-6bf01bb57d39_1512x2016.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZI4R!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff92b97ee-0117-41eb-aa62-6bf01bb57d39_1512x2016.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZI4R!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_848, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff92b97ee-0117-41eb-aa62-6bf01bb57d39_1512x2016.jpeg 848w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZI4R!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1272, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff92b97ee-0117-41eb-aa62-6bf01bb57d39_1512x2016.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZI4R!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff92b97ee-0117-41eb-aa62-6bf01bb57d39_1512x2016.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZI4R!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff92b97ee-0117-41eb-aa62-6bf01bb57d39_1512x2016.jpeg" width="1456" height="1941" 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class="image-caption">De Svea-gletsjer (c) Hajare Ait Ouaba</figcaption></figure></div><h4><strong>Voorbij het klimaat</strong></h4><p>De theorie van systeemomslagen reikt verder dan de ecologie. Economen herkennen hetzelfde patroon bijvoorbeeld in financi&#235;le markten. Die zien er in rustige tijden betrouwbaar uit. Koersen stijgen, de volatiliteit is laag, er lijkt weinig aan de hand. <br><br>De econoom Nassim Taleb liet zien hoe gevaarlijk die schijn is: elk jaar zonder crisis wordt aangezien voor bewijs dat er geen crisis komen zal. Tot de schok komt. Dan worden onder druk besluiten genomen die het systeem verder destabiliseren in plaats van te versterken.<br><br>Kortetermijndenken verdringt de lange termijn. Het patroon is herkenbaar: niet de schok zelf is het probleem, maar de jarenlange ondermijning van weerbaarheid die eraan voorafging.</p><h4><strong>Europees kantelpunt</strong></h4><p>Misschien wel het meest verontrustende voorbeeld speelt zich nu af op het politieke niveau. Terwijl het Arctisch ijs kantelpunten bereikt die wetenschappers al jaren vrezen, heroverweegt de Europese Unie haar eigen klimaatkoers.<br><br>Onder druk van stijgende energieprijzen en de geopolitieke onrust rondom het conflict in Iran overweegt de Commissie haar Arctische strategie te herzien, die sinds 2021 nieuwe olie- en gasboringen in het gebied afwees. <br><br>Twaalf financi&#235;le instellingen, waaronder Nordea Asset Management, riepen de Commissie deze week op om niet toe te geven. Een koerswijziging zou zowel de klimaatdoelen als de Europese energieveiligheid op de lange termijn ondermijnen, waarschuwden zij.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ESgM!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F410f6f5a-11f2-4157-aca1-c4bb8a0c5b78_1920x1440.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ESgM!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F410f6f5a-11f2-4157-aca1-c4bb8a0c5b78_1920x1440.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ESgM!, 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/__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F410f6f5a-11f2-4157-aca1-c4bb8a0c5b78_1920x1440.jpeg 1272w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ESgM!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_auto, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F410f6f5a-11f2-4157-aca1-c4bb8a0c5b78_1920x1440.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">De aardgascentrale Sn&#248;hvit LNG van Equinor op het eiland Melk&#248;ya, gefotografeerd op 24 april 2008. De installatie ligt in het uiterste noorden van Noorwegen, op circa 2.000 kilometer van de Noordpool (c) NINA LARSON / AFP</figcaption></figure></div><p>Nieuwe Arctische gasprojecten vereisen bovendien contracten van twintig tot vijfentwintig jaar. Dit zou Europa decennialang aan fossiele brandstoffen koppelen, tot ver voorbij de eigen klimaatdeadline van 2050.<br><br><a href="https://climate.ec.europa.eu/eu-action/european-climate-law_en">De grote doelen staan formeel nog overeind: klimaatneutraliteit in 2050, 55 procent emissiereductie in 2030</a>. <br><br>Maar de politieke logica erachter verschuift geruisloos. <a href="https://www.politico.eu/article/germany-eu-climate-policy-epp-cars-climate-policy/">Klimaatregels voor autofabrikanten zijn versoepeld</a>. Een deel van de <a href="https://www.politico.eu/article/european-industry-revolts-eu-plan-weaker-carbon-border-tax-tariff-climate-policy/">reductiedoelen mag voortaan via internationale CO&#8322;-credits worden gehaald</a>. <br><br>En in Brussel duiken steeds vaker nieuwe sleutelwoorden op: concurrentievermogen, strategische autonomie, geopolitieke veiligheid. <br><br>De bestemming van het Europese klimaatbeleid verandert niet, zo klinkt het officieel. Maar de prioriteiten onderweg verschuiven wel degelijk.<br><br>En juist dat is wat de regime-shift-theorie voorspelt. Niet dat een systeem van de ene dag op de andere kantelt, maar dat de interne logica stilletjes verandert, lang voordat de doelen officieel worden aangepast. <br><br>De taal verandert eerst. Dan de prioriteiten. Dan de besluiten.</p><p>Tegen de tijd dat een systeem zichtbaar kantelt, is de omslag vaak al voltooid. Misschien geldt dat inmiddels niet alleen voor het ijs in het noorden, maar ook voor de politieke logica waarop Europa jarenlang vertrouwde.<br><br>Tot snel, <br>Abdou</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[De schaduwoorlog en de moord op mijn collega’s]]></title><description><![CDATA[&#8216;Wat denk je dat er gebeurt als dit gebouw nu in puin zou worden gelegd door een Isra&#235;lische raket en wij allemaal omkomen?&#8217;]]></description><link>https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/de-schaduwoorlog-en-de-moord-op-mijn</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/p/de-schaduwoorlog-en-de-moord-op-mijn</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[VPRO Buitenland]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 26 May 2026 10:04:56 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ca82a572-b23c-418d-8f05-5953aaabbecd_1456x1048.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8216;Wat denk je dat er gebeurt als dit gebouw nu in puin zou worden gelegd door een Isra&#235;lische raket en wij allemaal omkomen?&#8217; <br><br>We staan in Beiroet, Libanon, op de redactie van een Libanese krant. De redacteuren zijn druk in de weer met de weekendbijlage en de opname van een podcast.</p><h4><strong>Metalen mug</strong></h4><p>Aan de muur hangen afbeeldingen van wijlen Che Guevara en PLO-leider Yassar Arafat. &#8216;Onze terroristen,&#8217; had de medeoprichter van de krant, Omar Mashabe, gegrapt. <br><br>Boven ons hoofd vliegt al de hele dag een Isra&#235;lische drone, die Libanezen kennen als &#8216;MK&#8217;, een reusachtige metalen mug die je de hele dag lijkt te achtervolgen.<br><br>&#8216;Ik zal je vertellen wat er zou gebeuren: de Nederlandse ambassadeur in Libanon zou een verklaring afgeven waarin de dood van deze journalisten wordt veroordeeld. Misschien zullen de Verenigde Naties verklaren dat het doden van journalisten een oorlogsmisdaad is. En daarna? Daarna niks. Er zou niks gebeuren.&#8217;<br><br>De moord op journalisten in Libanon is geen hypothese, geen sterk verhaal.<br><br>Eind april was Amal Khalil - een verslaggever van de krant die we bezochten - samen met fotograaf Zeinab Fahraj op reportage in het diepe zuiden van Libanon, toen een auto voor hen werd geraakt door een Isra&#235;lische raket.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!viGY!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94aa57af-4617-4dbe-b956-489d02f273be_2048x1536.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!viGY!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, 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class="image-caption">De auto voor Amal Khalil en Zeinab Fahraj in het diepe zuiden van Libanon (c) Zeineb Fahraj</figcaption></figure></div><h4><strong>De schaduwoorlog</strong></h4><p>Grote delen van Zuid-Libanon zijn op last van het Isra&#235;lische leger ontruimd omdat ze schuilplekken zouden zijn van de door Iran gesteunde beweging Hezbollah, die met regelmaat het noorden van Isra&#235;l bestookt. <br><br>Volgens <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/visuel/2026/05/22/israel-has-damaged-or-destroyed-45-of-towns-in-southern-lebanon_6753711_4.html?lmd_medium=al&amp;lmd_campaign=envoye-par-appli&amp;lmd_creation=android&amp;lmd_source=default">onderzoek van </a><em><a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/visuel/2026/05/22/israel-has-damaged-or-destroyed-45-of-towns-in-southern-lebanon_6753711_4.html?lmd_medium=al&amp;lmd_campaign=envoye-par-appli&amp;lmd_creation=android&amp;lmd_source=default">Le Monde</a></em> is sinds begin maart 45% van de dorpen in Zuid-Libanon door het Isra&#235;lische leger verwoest. Toch krijgt de oorlog opvallend weinig aandacht van de internationale pers. <br><br>De oorlog in Libanon vindt plaats in de schaduw van het conflict tussen de VS en Iran. Nadat de eerste raket de auto voor hen verwoestte, sprongen Amal en Zeinab uit de auto om te schuilen onder een luifel van een gebouw.<br><br>Een tweede raket zette hun auto in brand. &#8216;Amal beschermde me tegen de hitte van de vlammen,&#8217; vertelt Zeinab ons vanuit haar ziekenhuisbed in Beiroet. Met haar hoofd nog in het verband, een donkerblauwe kring om haar rechteroog en haar handen verbrand.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XMo4!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0057628d-2cd6-4781-ae10-7819692e2233_767x431.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XMo4!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0057628d-2cd6-4781-ae10-7819692e2233_767x431.jpeg 424w, /__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XMo4!, 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class="image-caption">Zeinab Fahraj in het ziekenhuis (bron: 1News)</figcaption></figure></div><p>Ze is de enige die het na kan vertellen. &#8216;Toen we het gebouw binnen gingen om te schuilen in de badkamer, volgde een drone ons, die een uur lang voor ons heeft gehangen, op nog geen twintig centimeter van mijn hoofd.&#8217;<br><br>Drie uur lang gaf het Isra&#235;lische leger geen toestemming aan het Libanese leger, de Verenigde Naties en reddingswerkers om de twee uit hun benarde situatie te redden. <br><br>Om 19.00 uur volgde een derde raket, die het gebouw van drie verdiepingen verpulverde. Iemand in de controlekamer had, kijkend naar twee doodsbange vrouwen, op de knop gedrukt. <br><br>Zeinab werd gered. Amal bleef achter in de puinhopen.</p><h4><strong>Alle journalisten zijn doelwit</strong></h4><p>Veel media berichtten daarna dat hun krant &#8216;gelieerd&#8217; was aan Hezbollah. Als ik die beschuldiging voorleg aan de hoofdredacteur, gaan zijn ogen vlammen. &#8216;We worden niet betaald door Hezbollah. Maar we sympathiseren met het verzet tegen Isra&#235;l. Dat is een groot verschil.&#8217;<br><br>De krant is v&#243;&#243;r homorechten, v&#243;&#243;r vrouwenrechten, schrijft veel over de corruptie in hoge kringen, en is ook kritisch over Hezbollah.<br><br>Het medialandschap van Libanon is even verzuild als het Nederlandse, met media voor christenen, voor soennieten, en sjiieten. Sommigen sympathiseren met Isra&#235;l, anderen met Hezbollah. <br><br>Maar het doet er dus niet toe voor wie ze werken, alle journalisten zijn doelwit, vertellen twee collega&#8217;s van de <em>LA Times</em> en <em>Reuters</em>.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DOPX!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F66193b9f-2546-4af8-a821-4be013adc727_2048x1536.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DOPX!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, 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/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DOPX!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_1456, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/q_auto:good, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F66193b9f-2546-4af8-a821-4be013adc727_2048x1536.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DOPX!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F66193b9f-2546-4af8-a821-4be013adc727_2048x1536.jpeg" width="1456" height="1092" 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class="image-caption">Bij het huis van Amal Khalil (bron: Bram Vermeulen)</figcaption></figure></div><h4><strong>Doelgericht geschoten</strong></h4><p>We hebben afgesproken in het caf&#233; dat werd gerund door hun Libanese collega; tot die tiende oktober 2023. Met zes andere collega&#8217;s stonden ze met persvest en pershelm vlak bij de grens met Isra&#235;l toen een eerste raket op de groep journalisten werd afgevuurd. &#8216;Ik voel mijn been niet,&#8217; riep een fotograaf van AFP. <br><br>Daarop volgde de &#8216;double tap&#8217;. Die tweede raket doodde Reuters-cameraman Issam Abdalla. Reuters durfde die dag niet meer te <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/reuters-videographer-killed-southern-lebanon-2023-10-13/">rapporteren</a> dan dat hun collega door een raket &#8216;uit de richting van Isra&#235;l&#8217; werd gedood. <br><br>Het duurde drie maanden voor het persbureau opschreef dat het Isra&#235;lische leger doelgericht op hun collega had geschoten. <br><br>&#8216;Ik hou van mijn vak,&#8217; zegt collega-cameraman Elie Brakhya. &#8216;Er gaat niets boven het veld in gaan en het verhaal vinden. Maar ik kan het niet meer, fysiek en mentaal.&#8217;<br><br>Het portret van zijn collega hangt aan de muur van het caf&#233;. Hij had er nog niet een keer naar durven kijken.</p><h4><strong>Menselijke schilden</strong></h4><p>De bureauchef van de <em>LA Times</em> in het Midden-Oosten versloeg alle grote oorlogen van de afgelopen decennia: Irak, Afghanistan, Oekra&#239;ne. &#8216;Maar dit is echt een ander verhaal. Hier zijn wij het doelwit. We worden gezien als een bedreiging,&#8217; zegt Nabih Bulos. <br><br>Eerlijkheid gebiedt hem te zeggen dat hij tegenwoordig alleen nog met witte collega&#8217;s de frontlinie bezoekt. &#8216;Dan zijn mijn overlevingskansen gewoon groter. Een witte collega is als een menselijk schild.&#8217;<br><br>Hij vergelijkt de methoden van het Isra&#235;lische leger in Zuid-Libanon nu met de verschroeide aarde-tactiek van het Amerikaanse Phoenix-programma in Vietnam. &#8216;Niet alleen de gewapende strijders worden gedood, maar het hele netwerk erom heen van burgers, boeren en bakkers wordt van de kaart geveegd.&#8217;</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JvAI!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F863264e3-ac88-4064-8560-21bf35f296f5_2048x1536.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/__u/substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JvAI!, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/w_424, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/c_limit, /__u/vprobuitenland.substack.com/f_webp, 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class="image-caption">Het interview met de journalisten Nabih en Elie (bron: David Lieffering)</figcaption></figure></div><h4><strong>&#8216;Het zal ze niet lukken&#8217;</strong></h4><p>Amal Khalil werd meerdere malen bedreigd via sociale media. Onder een filmpje waarop ze een kat uit de puinhopen haalt van een gebombardeerd huis, schreef de woordvoerder van het Isra&#235;lische leger: &#8216;Ze lijkt zo lief, maar ze is de duivel.&#8217; <br><br>Vanuit haar ziekenhuisbed steekt fotograaf Zeineb Faraj haar niet gewonde vinger in de lucht. &#8216;Ze willen ons het zwijgen op leggen. Het zal ze niet lukken. Ik blijf journalist.'<br><br>Dat is het moment waarop een traan in haar oog verschijnt. Ik heb het al iets langer moeilijk, op de rand van dat ziekenhuisbed.</p><h3><strong>Lees-, kijk- en luistertips van de redactie</strong></h3><ul><li><p>Onze nieuwste aflevering, <em>Frontlinie: De schaduwoorlog,</em> zie je op donderdag 11 juni om 21.15 uur op NPO 2.</p></li><li><p>In een nieuwe <em><a href="https://npo.nl/luister/podcasts/1135-frontlinie">Achter de Frontlinie</a></em> spreekt Abdou Bouzerda met journalist en arabist Ruth Vandewalle. Ze praten niet alleen over de arrestatie en mishandeling van de zogeheten flotilla, maar ook over thuiskomen in Ca&#239;ro en wat er sinds 7 oktober 2023 voor haar en de Egyptenaren is veranderd. Nu te luisteren in elke podcastapp.</p></li><li><p>Onze collega&#8217;s bij <em><a href="https://npo.nl/luister/podcasts/366-europa-draait-door">Europa Draait Door</a></em> ontvingen op hun beurt deze week de Nobelprijswinnaar Paul Krugman. Deze Amerikaanse econoom beschrijft hoe Trump het Hongaarse draaiboek van Orb&#225;n kopieert. Desalniettemin is hij ook verrassend hoopvol en houdt hij een pleidooi voor meer Europees zelfvertrouwen.</p></li><li><p>Net uit op de redactie: de Nederlandse vertaling van <em>London Falling</em>. Hierin duikt Patrick Radden Keefe (bekend van <em>Het pijnstillerimperium</em>) in de dood van de tiener Zac Brettler. Viel hij in 2019 per ongeluk in de Thames - of werd hij vermoord door Russische oligarchen?</p></li><li><p>De nieuwste editie van <em><a href="https://www.thecontinent.org/archive">The Continent</a></em>, een wekelijks nieuwsblad gemaakt door Afrikaanse journalisten, fotografen en illustratoren, laat zien hoe het recente bezoek van de Franse president en &#8216;pan-Afrikanist&#8217; Emmanuel Macron daar werd ontvangen. Alleen voor de Kuifje-cover al de moeite waard.</p></li><li><p>New Lines Magazine heeft al een tijd een niet-te-missen <a href="https://newlinesmag.com/podcast/when-is-a-revolution-actually-over/">podcast,</a> gehost door Faisal Al Yafai, waar de tijd wordt genomen om even stil te staan bij het voortrazende nieuws. In de nieuwste aflevering van &#8216;The Lede&#8217;: Wanneer is de Syrische revolutie nou eigenlijk voorbij?</p></li><li><p>In <em><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ovHvYXbNSwo">The President&#8217;s Cake</a></em> wordt de negenjarige Lamia door haar school verplicht een verjaardagstaart te maken voor de Iraakse president Saddam Hoessein, begin jaren 90. Het enige probleem: door een internationale boycot ligt heel het land op zijn gat. Volgens de <em>New Yorker</em> is de film een &#8216;<em>neorealist treasure</em>&#8216;. Gaat dat zien.</p></li></ul><p>Tot de volgende, <br>Bram Vermeulen</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://vprobuitenland.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Abonneren&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;nl&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Abonneer je nu op VPRO Buitenland</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Typ je e-mailadres&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Abonneren"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item></channel></rss>